High winds and low temperatures associated with freezing precipitation

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precipitation

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Ser TKL B92 no. 18 c * 2 ANALYZED

BLDC

HLGH WINDS AND LOlrl TEMPERATURES

ASSOCIATED WITH FREEZING PRECIPITATION

by Donald

W.

Boyd

D.

B. R. Climatologist

Freezing

precipitation consists of drops of super-

c o o l e d w a t e r .

A

part of each drop f r e e z e s as soon as it

strikes any o b j e c t and,

if

the

a i r

temperature is below f r e e z i n g , a considerable p o r t i o n of each drop may f r e e z e

b e f o r e it

can

run

off. Such precipitation may result in

dangerously heavy accumulation of i c e

on

w i s e s , such as t h o s e used f o r e l e c t r i c power

and for

communications. Continuing low temperatures and h i g h winds add t o the

danger of breakage of t h e w i r e s .

A c a r e f u l study of the h o u r l y weather r e p o r t s from many s t a t i o n s

for

several years would be necessary before

we could f o m

a

reliable picture of the s e v e r i t y of t h e s e

phenomena in various parts of Canada. The

present

tables

a r e

based

on

daily t o t a l s

or

extremes, r a t h e r than

t h e

original hourly r e p o r t s , and only t w o yearsT

data

have been used. Hence, t h e fig1-es mean llttle

from

a q u a n t i -

t a t l v e p o i n t of v i e w , but they may be of some v a l u e as

a

rough indication of the r e l a t i v e importance of freezing p r e c i p i t a t i o n at a

number

of w e a t h e r s t a t l o n s in Canada.

.

- c

-

x;.,,

-

7

(3)

The t a b l e s show opposlte Hours the average

number

of

hours when

freezing rain or

d r i z z l e

w a s r e p o r t e d

in

each month,

and

opposite

Days

the

average

number

of

days w i t h

at

least

one

r e p o r t Z?i%eezing

rain

OF

drizzle. These

are based on the observations taken

at f

arty-f ow s t a t i o n s

in

1951

and

1952.

One o t h e r s t a t i o n , Whitehorse,

Yukon

T e r r i t o r y , did not r e p o r t any f r e e z i n g precipitation in

1251

or 1952. When the average number of hours or days was greater t h a n

one

and included one-half, then the half

was dropped. The maximum number of m i l e s of wind In one h o u r

was

Found

for

each two-day p e r i o d w i t h fxeezlng

p r e c i p i t a t i o n occurwllng

on

t h e f i r s t day. The hlghpst of

t h e s e two-day maximum hourly wmds, in each

month,

is

shown in the table opposite Wind, Highest, and t h e

average

opposite Wind,

Av

.

Minimum kemperatures occursing on t h e day

o f ,

o r

the

day following freezing precipitation

were

also f o u n d , The l o w e s t of' t h e s e two-day minimum tempera- tures,

in

each month, is shown in t h e table opposite

Temp, Lowest, and t h e average o p p o s i t e Temp. Av,

These t a b l e s

were

prepared by the Meteorolsgical Division of t h e Department of T r a n s p o r t and have been

copied by

t h e

Division of Building Research of the National

Research Council w i t h the kind permission of the Controller

(4)

HIGH W Z l ~ S A W I LOW TEMPERATURES

ASSOG IATED WITH F'REXZR;IG PRFCIPITATIQN

JAN. FEB. MAR. APR. MAY JI.lNE

JULX

AUG. SEP. OCT

.

NOV.

DEC

.

- - - -

_{- - -}

B R I T I S H COLITMBIA Crescent, V a l l e y Elow s 2 Days 'A I Vind, Hfghest

-

b?ind, Av. P Temp, L o w e s t n Lemp. AT, 19 22 Fort Nelson Hours - 1 Cays -

B

Nind, aighe s t Wind, AT, 17

17

Temp, Lowest -28 ~ m p . AV. -28 Prince Gearre Bows Days Wind, Hf ghes

t

Wind, AT, Temp, Lowest Temp, Ao. B s m s Days

~"~ihcl,

HLghest 19 Wind, Av. Temp, L o w e s t

13

19

Temp, Av, 22

(5)

Z I G H MINDS A N D LOW TElQERATU3IES

ASSOCIATED WITH FEEEZING

PRECIFITATION

JAN.

FEB.

MAR. APR. MAY _JUNE_JULY_AUG. _SEP. _OCT.

_{NOV. DEC.}

- -

_-

_---

- - - -

BRITISE COLUNBIA

-

(Con% ~ d )

HOUT s 2 Gays

_I

Wf

r.d

,

Highe st 20 Wind, A v . 18 Temp, Lowe%% 26 Temp, A-n. 28 3 0 ~ 7 S E27s WZcd, ZZghes!c Wind, d7, T e m p , Zcwest T e m ~ , Av, Temp, Lowest Ten&, AT, Temp, Lcwest. T E ~ F , A.7,

(6)

HIGH WLITDS AND

LO54

TEMPERATURES

ASSOGUTEXl WITH FHEEZING PREXI'PITATION

J A N * 323. MAR. APR. MAY _JUTE _JULY

_AUG.

_SEP. _OCT. _NOV.

_DED.

-

_{- - -}

XORTRIJEST TERRITORIES (Cont I d )

HOUPB

z,ay

u

lrlf-lzd, Highe st Wlnd, A v , Temp, Lowest m ~ernp. Av. Temp,

Lowest

Temp, Av, ALBERTA Homa Dzys Wind, Xlghe s

t

G12rld, A a , Temp, Lowest Temp. AT;, Hours Days Wind, Elghest Wf nd

,

Av, Temp. L o w e s t Temp,

Av,

(7)

HIGH WINDS AND LOW TENFE3ATT3AES

AS SUC I A T E D WITB ITREEZZNG PREC

IP

ITAT IOW

JAN. FEB. MAR. APE. MllY JUNE

JULY

AUG. SEP. OGT. NOV.

DEC.

- - -

_{- - -}

Hour a Days Wind, Highest Wind, Av, Temp. ILowest Temp. AT. M ~ d S c f n s Hat SIolaxs Days Wind, Eighest Wind,

Av,

Temp, Lowest Temp, Av, Houxs Days Iriind, Highest 1,lJf nd

,

Av

, Temp, h w e s t Temp, AT, R egf

rLa

Hom+s Days Wlnd

,

H2ghea-k blind,

A v o

Temp. Lowest Temp, Av,

(8)

HIGH

WINIS

ANP LOW TEI~IPERATDRES

ASSOCIATED

WITH FBEEZTNG PRECIPTFATIOIPF

JAN, FEE. MAR, Am. MAY JUllE JUL;Y AUG, SEP. OCT,

NQV, DEC,

-

_Y

- -

-

SASKATCHEWAN

[Cant l d ) HOW 3 Days Wlnd

,

Hf ghe st; Wfnd,

AT,

Temp, L o w e s t Temp. AT, E u w s Days Wind, El3ghest Win&,

_-

Av, Temp, Lowest Temp, Av, Horn B Days WLnd, Hlghe st Iqind, bv, Temp, L o w e s t Temp,

AT.

The Pas Horns Daye

WLnd,

Highest Wind, AY- Temp. Lowest Temp. A v .

(9)

RIGW IJINDS AND LOW TEFPF3ATURES

ASSOCIATED WITH FBEEZING PRECIPTTAT I O N

JAX. FEE, W R ,

Am,

PUP ilTNI3 JULY AUG, SEP. OCT. NOV,

DBG.

- - -

EOWB 1 Days

--

!?

Wind, Wighe

st

35

Wind, AT,

32

Temp, Lowest

13 -

E Temp, AT,

s.3

R o w s 9 4 2 1 Days 1 Z 1 -- I W k d , HLghe st 29 15 20 23 Wind, AT, 28 15,

19

25

Temp, Lowest -8

- 5

25

31

Tamp, AT, I

10

27 3 2 ROUZ~Z

5

3

I I 3 I I

3

D ~ S

I

-

a

-

1

WZnd,

Hlghest

27

13 26 2c Wind, A'yo 20 12 23 24 Temp, Lowest

4 5

P

6

15

Temp, Av. 2 12 12 25 HCXT 3 10

4

12 Ciays

4

2

3

W f n d , H i g h e s t

35

₃₈

₄₆

WPZtd, Pdtra Temp, Lowest

6

3, Temp, Av,

18

20 25

(10)

HER

~ 1 1 ~ s

~ r n

LOW

T E M P ~ A T D R B S

ASSOC UTED k.JITE

FREEZIXG

PREC IPITAT33N

JAB. W B . MAR. APR. MAY JUNE JULY A X . SEP. OCT.

HOV.

DPi:

-

_{- - -}

O N T A R I O ( C o f i t f d j

--.--

Tio-AT 4 6 6 3 a y s 2

I

8 l$iz*d, H i g h ~3

- -

3

a V i n d . ? Av.

-

Temp, Lovgs?. -5 12 22

Temp. Av:r, 9

I.&

26

Fz-&r ?3 Lag.? ;f!Lrd, Bighe s t 1Jii1d9 Asr, T m p . Lowest Temp, FTo-a~; Day "3 ydind,

Hf

ghs 3% ?.XL2& A~ e r- Ltinp. Lc~wss~.: T e m ~ . AT,

(11)

HIGH WINIS AND LOW TESJIPERATURES

AS SOCIATED WITB FREEZING PREG I P I T A T I O N

JAN, FEB, MAR, APR. MAY JUNE JUT;Y AUG, SEP, OCT.

NOT.

DEC.

-

- - -

ONTARIO ( ~ o n t f d ) H o u r B 8 Day s

3 6 z $

n

IfiE~d Rlghe st

19

14

238

6

I g i ~ d , Av, 16

TZ

23

14

Temp, Lowest -32 - 6 12

15

Temp. A77.

4

-T 12 15 Trenton Temp, AT.

1

12 25 Hours

6

6 2 Day Y

3

1

2 Wind, Righest

-

Wind, A v .

-

I I Tezp. Lowest 13.

17

22 T e r q , AT. 22 22 26 QUEBEC HOUF s

18

16

Days Wind, Rigke s t

33 7 . 4

27

33

4 ,

Idi3d 3 A71 m 25 20 2 0 Temp, Lowest

9x2

_{- 1}

₁₀ Temp, Av,

6

_{l r z l} ₂₀

(12)

HIGH W I N D Y kYD LOW TEMPERATURES ASSOCIATED WITH P E E Z I N G FRECIPITATIOI;

JATr'.

FEH.

MAR. APR. WLY

_JUNE

_JULY

_AUG. _SSP. _{OCT. NOV.}

-

-3-1atu.a Zrig s !.Jind, Bighest i-!ir.~G~ A-v a Temp, Lowest Temp, A;., Hours 3a35 TJifid, Sdghsst Wind, Arr, Temp, Lowest Temp, A?r, F c w s Days !:.3nd, E1ghes-k Wlnd, Av, Temp, Lowest T e ~ p . Av, NEW BRUJTSWICX R e u r a Gays Temp, L o w e s t Temp,

AT.

(13)

BIGE W I N D S AND LGW TEl?PERATURES ASSCC

IATED

I;IJITH F'REEZTNG PREGIPITATION

PJAN, F'EB. MAR,

APR,

MAY

JUNE

JULY

AUG. SEP, OCT, NOV,

DEC.

-

c-- M__

--

-

- . -

HG=;S

3 3;9

1 8

9

Days 2

<

2

Wind, H$ghea%

35 &

J

35

24

1CTr~d

.,

AT. 31 29

24

20 Temp. Lowes* .7 &;1

-5

3

27

Tsmp, AT, 20

L6

22 30 Saist: John HOWF

1

12 1 - 8 Days

9 E

bJ;irid, High3 st 2

33 -

W L ~ ~ , AT, 22 25 9 Temp, Sowest LC

-5

23

Te.mp, AT. 0 20 25 NOVA S C O T U Elcw s Days Wind, Rfghes?:

Wf=&?

k ~ e Temp. Lowest Temp, AT, R a m s Days WLnd, Highest Wirrd,

Av,

Temp. LawasL Temp, Av.

(14)

HIGH b!INDS AND LOW TEMPERATURES

A3SOCIATET) WITB FR'EEZING PRECLFITATION

j A l . mB. W . APR. MAY

JUNE

JULY AUG.

SEP. OCT, NOV.

DEC.

, - - P I - - -

-YOVA SCOTIA

C~onttd]

Elow 3

6

3

2 ?lays 2 2 3 W i M , Hfghest Wsnd, AT. 29

35

37

Temp, Lowest 26 12

25

33

Tamp, AS, 2:

15

9 23 28

PRINZE

EDWARD ISLAND

-

C h a r l a t t etown H o w a 24 21 23 Pays

5

3

Wlnd

,

High0 s t

7

Wind, AT,

6$

_{3 1}

58

35

34

₂₂ ₂₂2: Temp, L o w e s t

4

-6 12 30 Temp, AT,

12

20 22 30 Horns Days W i r + d , Wind,

T

em^ Temp, HSghe st

Av,

Lowest AT, Eumg

26

35

41

22 Daye ₇

₉

Y i x d , H l g h ~ ~ 3

3

50 ,$?

gt

WYnd, At3, 29 29

28

22 Temp, L o w e s t z2 18 26 Tempo

AT*

22

29

26 29