تداويل النص الشعري

ﺘﺜ ﻡﺎﻤﺘﻫﺍ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺍﺩﺘﻝﺍ ﺙﺎﺤﺒﻷﺍ ﺭﻴ ﺎﻤﺒ ﺕﻻﺎﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﻑﻠﺘﺨﻤ ﻲﻓ ﻥﻴﺜﺤﺎﺒﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺭﻴﺜﻜ ﻥﻤ ﻪﺤﺭﻁﺘ ﺕﺎﻨﺎﻜﻤﺇ ﺘﻼﻜﺸﻤ لﺤﻝ ﻡﻬ ﺔﻘﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ، ﻰﻠﻋ ﺡﻭﺘﻔﻤ ﺀﺎﻀﻓ ﻲﻫ ﻭ ﻤﺘ ﻲﻬﻓ ، ﺔﻴﻨﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﻑﺭﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻑﻠﺘﺨﻤ ﺘ ـ ﻻﺍ ﻡﻠﻋ ﻥﻤ ﺢ ﺘﺠ ـ ﻉﺎﻤ ﻭ ﺱﻔﻨﻝﺍ ﻡﻠﻋ ﻡﻠﻋ ﻭ لﺎﺼﺘﻻﺍ ﺀﺎﻜﺫﻝﺍ ﻭ ﻲﻋﺎﻨﻁﺼﻻﺍ .... ﻌﻗﻭﻤ ﺎﻬﺴﻔﻨﻝ ﺕﺫﺨﺘﺍ ﺩﻗ ﻭ ﺭﻴﺜﻜﻝﺍ ﺭﻅﻨ ﻲﻓ ﺕﻨﺎﻜ ﻥﺃ ﺩﻌﺒ ﺔﻴﻨﺎﺴﻠﻝﺍ ﺙﺎﺤﺒﻷﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺎ ﺔﻠﺴ ﺕﻼﻤﻬﻤ . ﻤﻝﺍ لﻌﻝ ﻭ ﺔﻴﺯ ﺇ ﻲﻫ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺍﺩﺘﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻠﻤﺤﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﻴ ﻯﺭﺒﻜ ﺔﻴﻤﻫﺃ ﺀﻼ ﺏﺎﻁﻗﻷ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﻭ ﺔﻴﻨﺎﺴﻠﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﺼﺍﻭﺘﻝﺍ ﺩﻗ ﻪﺘﻓﺭﻋ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺔﻨﻤﻴﻬﻝﺍ ﺃﺩﺒﻤ ﻥﻋ ﺕﻓﺯﻋ ﺱﺭﺍﺩﻤ ﺔﻴﻭﻐﻝ ﺔﻘﺒﺎﺴ ﺕﻤﺘﻫﺎﻓ ﻓ ﺍﺭﺼﻨﻋ ﻪﻔﺼﻭﺒ ﻩﺩﺼﺎﻘﻤ ﻭ ﻡﻠﻜﺘﻤﻝﺎﺒ ﻼﻋﺎ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﻲﻓ ﺼﺍﻭﺘﻝﺍ ـ ﻑﻭﺭﻅﻠﻝ ﺔﻴﻤﻫﺃ ﺕﺤﻨﻤ ﻭ ل ﻴﻗﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﺔ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺩﻋﺎﺴﻤ ﺭﺼﺎﻨﻋ ﺎﻬﻔﺼﻭﺒ ﻑﻭﺭﻅﻠﻝ ﻊﻤﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ لﻼﻐﺘﺴﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺍﺭﻴﺜﻜ ﺕﻝﻭﻋ ﻭ ، ﺩﺼﺎﻘﻤﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺔﻴﺩﺄﺘ ﻡﻠﻜﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻩﺩﺼﻗ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻰﻨﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ لﻭﺼﻭﻝﺍ لﻴﺒﺴ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﻗﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ . ﺎﻤ لﻌﻓ ﺯﺎﺠﻨﺇ ﻭﻫ ﺔﻴﻠﺼﺍﻭﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﺭﻁﺅﻴ ﺎﻤ ﻥﺈﻓ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻭ ، ﻡﻠﻜﺘﻤﻝﺎﻓ ﺫﺇ ﻩﻭﻔﺘﻴ ﺒ ﺜﻤ ﺍﺫﻫ ل ﻅﻭﻔﻠﻤﻝﺍ ) لﻴﻤﺠ ﻭﺠﻝﺍ ( ﺩﺩﺤﺘﺘ ﻼﻌﻓ ﺯﺠﻨﻴ ﺔﻌﻴﺒﻁ ﻥﻤ لﻌﻔﻝﺍ ﻕﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ لﻼﺨ ﻪﻴﻓ ﺩﺭﻭ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ . ﻭ ﻬﻅ ﻕﻓﺍﺭﺘ ﺩﻗ ﻭ ﻝ ﺔﻴﺌﺎﻴﻤﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﺙﺎﺤﺒﻷﺍ ﻊﻤ ﺔﻴﺭﻅﻨﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺭ ـ " ﺱﺭﻴﺒ " ﺩﻋ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺀﺎﻴﻤﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﻉﻭﺭﻓ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻋﺭﻓ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺍﺩﺘﻝﺍ . ﺎﻤﺃ ﻻﺍ ﺎﻬﺒ ﻲﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﻡﺎﻤﺘﻫ ﺕﺎﺒﺎﺘﻜ ﻊﻤ ﺭﻭﻠﺒﺘ ﺩﻘﻓ " لﻜﻭﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺩﻤﺤﺃ " ﻝﺎﻋ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺞ ﻲﻝﻭﺍﺩﺘ ﺭﺎﻁﺇ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﻭﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﺎﻴﺎﻀﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻠﻤﺠ ، ﺎﻤﺃ " ﻥﻤﺤﺭﻝﺍ ﺩﺒﻋ ﻪﻁ " ﻰﻝﻭﺃ ﺩﻘﻓ ﻪﺒﺘﻜ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻤﻴﺴ ﻲﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺙﺍﺭﺘﻝﺍ ﺓﺀﺍﺭﻗ ﻲﻓ ﺱﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻬﺒ ﺔﺼﺎﺨ ﺔﻴﺎﻨﻋ ) ﻥﺎﺴـﻠﻝﺍ ﻥﺍﺯﻴﻤﻝﺍ ﻭ ( ، ) ﺙﺍﺭﺘﻝﺍ ﻡﻴﻭﻘﺘ ﻲﻓ ﺞﻬﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺩﻴﺩﺠﺘ ( ، ) ﻡـﻠﻋ ﻭ ﺭﺍﻭﺤﻝﺍ لﻭﺼﺃ ﻲﻓ ﻡﻼﻜﻝﺍ . ( ﻲﻓ ﻲﻝﻭﺍﺩﺘﻝﺍ ﺱﺭﺩﻝﺎﺒ ﻎﻝﺎﺒ ﻡﺎﻤﺘﻫﺍ ﺭﻬﻅ ﺩﻗﻭ ﻲﻓ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻰﻠﺠﺘﻴ ﻭ ﺓﺭﻴﺨﻷﺍ ﺔﻨﻭﻵﺍ لﻤﻌﻜ ﺓﺯﺠﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﺩﺎﻜﻷﺍ ﺙﻭﺤﺒﻝﺍ " ﻱﻭﺍﺭﺤﺼ ﺩﻭﻌﺴﻤ " ) ﻲﻓ ﺔﻨﻤﻀﺘﻤﻝﺍ لﺎﻌﻓﻷﺍ لﻭﻘﻝﺍ ( ﺠﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ـ لﻤﻋ ﻭ ﺭﺌﺍﺯ "ﺇ ﺩ ﻥﺎﺤﺭﺴ ﺱﻴﺭ )" ﻀﺘﻝﺍ ﻕﺭﻁ ـ ﻝﻻﺩﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﻤ ـ ﻲ

ﺔﻴﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻲﻝﻭﺍﺩﺘﻝﺍ ﻭ ( ﺏﺭﻐﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺩﻼﻴﻤ ﺩﻝﺎﺨ ﻭ، ) ﻲﻓ ﺀﺎﺸﻨﻹﺍ ﺔﻝﻻﺩﻝﺍ ﻭ ﺏﻴﻜﺭﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺔﻴﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ( ﺱﻨﻭﺘ ﻥﻤ . ﺽﻌﺒ ﻭ ﻲﻝﻭﺍﺩﺘﻝﺍ ﺱﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺓﺩﻴﻁﻭﻝﺍ ﺔﻗﻼﻌﻝﺍ ﺀﻻﺅﻫ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩ ﻲﻓ ﺭﻬﻅﺘ ﻭ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺩﻭﻌﺘ ﻭ ، ﻲﻝﻭﺼﻷﺍ ﺱﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻭ ﻲﻏﻼﺒﻝﺍ ﺱﺭﺩﻝﺎﻜ ﺔﻴﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺱﻭﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻴﻤﻼﺴﻹﺍ ﺓﺭﺎﻀﺤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺏﻁﺎﺨﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻫﺃ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻱﺭﻭﺼﺘ ﻲﻓ ﺞﺌﺎﺸﻭﻝﺍ ـ ﺎﻤﻴﺴ ، ﺔ ﺒﻠﻝ ﷲﺍ ﺔﺒﻁﺎﺨﻤﺒ ﻱﺯﺎﺠﻋﻹﺍ ﺎﻬﻬﺠﻭ ﻲﻓ ﺕﻨﺭﺘﻗﺍ ﺕﻻﺎﺴﺭﻝﺍ ﺭﺨﺁ ﻥﺃ ﻭ ﺭﺸ ﻲﻨﺁﺭﻘﻝﺍ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﺭﺒﻋ ﺍﺯﺎﺠﻤ . ﻥﺃ ﺭﻴﻏ لﻼﻐﺘﺴﺍ ﻲﺒﺩﻷﺍ لﻘﺤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﺭﻅﻨﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺔﺼﺎﺨ ﺔﻔﺼﺒ ﻱﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﻭ لﻅ ﺱﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ ﺍﺩﻴﻌﺒ ﺍﺫﻜ ﻭ ﻡﻼﻜﻠﻝ ﻱﺭﺎﻌﺘﺴﻻﺍ ﺏﻨﺎﺠﻝﺎﺒ ﺔﻴﺭﻅﻨﻝﺍ ﻡﺎﻤﺘﻫﺍ ﻡﻏﺭ ﻌﺒ ـ ﺽ ﺘﻝﺍ ﻉﺎﻘﻴﻹﺍ ﻭ ﻡﻴﻐﻨﺘﻝﺎﻜ ﺔﻴﺘﻭﺼﻝﺍ ﺭﻫﺎﻅﻤﻝﺍ ـ ﻡﻠﻜﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺩﺼﻘﻤﺒ ﻕﻠﻌﺘﺘ ﻲ ﺭﻴﺒﻜ ﻕﺸ ﻲﻓ ﺭﻫﺎﻅﻤﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻊﻁﺎﻘﺘﺘ ﻭ ﺔﻴﻋﺍﺩﺒﻹﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﻊﻤ ﺎﻬﻨﻤ . ﺔﻴﻝﻭﻗ ﺎﻨﻭﻨﻓ ﺩﺠﻨ لﺒﺎﻘﻤﻝﺎﺒ ﻭ ﻼﻘﺤ ﺕﻨﺎﻜ ﻝ ﻥﻭﻨﻔﻝﺍ ﺔﺼﺎﺨ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺍﺩﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺒﺭﺎﻘﻤﻠ ﺭﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺴﺃﺭ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻭ ، ﺔﻴﺭﺜﻨﻝﺍ ﺔﻐﻝ ﻡﺍﺩﺨﺘﺴﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻥﻔﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻪﻠﻔﻜﻴ ﺎﻤﻝ ﺡ ﺔﺒﻴﺭﻗ ﺹﻭﺼﻨﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﺭﻴﻏ ﺭﻭﻬﻤﺠﻝﺍ ﻭ لﺜﻤﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ لﻋﺎﻔﺘﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻜ ﻭ ، ﺔﻴﻤﻭﻴﻝﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻘﻁﻨﻤ ﻲﻓ ﺕﻴﻘﺒ ﺔﻴﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ ﻯﺄﻨﻤﺒ لﻅﻝﺍ ﺔ ﺓﺩﺎﻔﺘﺴﻻﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺕﺎﻨﺎﻜﻤﻹﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻴﻠﺤﺘﻝﺍ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺤﻴﺘﻴ ﺱﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ . ﺭﻤﻷﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺭﺎﺜﺃ ﺩﻗﻭ ﻱﺩﻝ لﺍﺅﺴﻝﺍ ﻕﻠﻗ ﻓ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻠﺴﻠﺴ ﻲﻨﻫﺫ ﻲﻓ ﺕﻤﺴﺘﺭﺎ ﺕﺎﻀﺍﺭﺘﻓﻻﺍ ﺔﻠﺌﺴﻷﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺩﻴﻝﻭﺘ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺕﻀﻓﺃ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻘﺒﺴﻤﻝﺍ : 1 / ﻲﻠﺼﺍﻭﺘﻝﺍ ﺀﺎﻀﻔﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻌﺴﺍﻭ ﺍﺀﺯﺠ لﺘﺤﻴ ﻱﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﻡﻠﺴﻨ ﺎﻨﻜ ﺍﺫﺇ ﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺔﺠﺤ ﻪﻔﺼﻭﺒ ﻲﻋﺩﺘﺴﻴﻓ ﻯﺭﺨﺃ ﺔﻴﻠﺼﺍﻭﺘ ﺕﺍﺀﺎﻀﻓ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻪﻠﻌﻓ ﺩﺘﻤﻴ لﺒ ﻲ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺏﻴﺠﺘﺴﻴ ﻼﻓﺃ ﻩﺭﻴﻏ ﻭﺃ ﺩﻫﺎﺸ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺱﺭﺩﻝﺍ ؟ﻲﻝﻭﺍﺩﺘﻝﺍ 2 / ﻱﺯﺎﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﺏﻨﺎﺠﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺩﻤﺘﻌﻴ ﻱﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﻥﺇ ﺏﻨﺎﺠﻝﺍ ﻙﻝﺫ ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻲﻀﻔﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻏ ﻲﻤﻼﻜﻝﺍ لﻌﻔﻝﺍ ﺀﺎﻨﺒ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻲﻤﻭﻴﻝﺍ ﻪﻝﺎﻤﻌﺘﺴﺍ ﻝﺍ لﻬﻓ ﺭﺸﺎﺒﻤ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻥﻜﻤﻴ ﻷﺍ ﺱﺎﺴ ؟ ﺭﺸﺎﺒﻤ ﺭﻴﻏ ﺎﻴﻤﻼﻜ ﻼﻌﻓ ﻱﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﺩﻌﻨ ﻥﺃ 3 / ﻩﺫﻫ ﺩﻭﺩﺤ ﺎﻤﻓ ﺔﺒﻁﺎﺨﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻑﺍﺭﻁﻷﺎﺒ ﻕﻠﻌﺘﻤ لﻌﻔﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺯﺎﺠﻨﺇ ﻥﺎﻜ ﺍﺫﺇﻭ ﻥﻜﻤﻴ لﻫ ؟ﻱﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻑﺍﺭﻁﻷﺍ ﻡﺍﺩﺨﺘﺴﻻ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﺔﺒﺭﺎﻘﻤ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺍﺩﺘﻝﺍ

ﻥﻤ ﺔﻠﺌﺴﺃ ﻥﻋ ﺏﻴﺠﺘ ﻥﺃ ﻱﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ لﻴﺒﻗ ﻡﻠﻜﺘﻴ ﻥﻤ ؟ ﻡﻠﻜﺘﻴ ﻥﻤ ﻊﻤ ؟ ﺩﻴﺭﻴ ﺍﺫﺎﻤ ﻝﺍ لﻭﻘﻴ ﻥﺃ ﻡﻠﻜﺘﻤ ؟ ﻡﻠﻜﺘﻴ ﻑﻴﻜ ؟ ... ﻡﻼﻜﻝﺍ ﺔﻨﻭﺩﻤﻝ ﺎﻬﻠﻴﻠﺤﺘ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺍﺩﺘﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻨﻋ ﺕﺒﺎﺠﺃ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻠﺌﺴﻷﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻫﺭﻴﻏ ﻭ ﻱﺩﺎﻌﻝﺍ . ﻼﻜﺸ ﺫﺨﺄﻴ ﺎﻤ ﺎﺒﻝﺎﻏ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻕﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﻊﻤ ﻱﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺍﺩﺘ لﻤﺎﻌﺘﺘ ﻑﻴﻜ ﻡﺜ ﻊﻤ ﻡﻠﻗﺄﺘﻴ ﻭ ﻪﻴﻓ ﺩﻝﻭ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻕﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ ﻱﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ لﺼﻔﻨﻴ ﺫﺇ ، ﺎﻴﻤﻼﻫ ﺩﺤ لﺼﺘ ﺩﻗ ﻯﺭﺨﺃ ﺕﺎﻗﺎﻴﺴ ﻕﺎﻴﺴ ﻊﻤ ﺽﻗﺎﻨﺘﻝﺍ ﺍ ﻪﺠﺎﺘﻨ . ﺙﺤﺒﺃ ﻥﺃ ﺎﻤﺍﺯﻝ ﻥﺎﻜ ﺔﻠﺌﺴﻷﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻥﻋ ﺔﺒﺎﺠﻺﻝ ﻭ ﻥﻋ ﻩﺫﻬﻝ ﺏﻴﺠﺘﺴﺘ ﺔﻨﻭﺩﻤ ﻥﻤ ﻲﺸﺭﻘﻝﺍ ﺩﻴﺯ ﻲﺒﻷ ﺏﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻌﺸﺃ ﺓﺭﻬﻤﺠ ﺕﺭﺘﺨﺍ ﻥﺃ ﻥﺎﻜﻓ ﺕﻻﺎﻜﺸﻹﺍ ﻡﺘﻬﺘ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺍﺩﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﻙﻝﺫ ، ﺕﺤﺒ ﻲﻝﻭﺍﺩﺘ ﻕﻠﻁﻨﻤ ﻡﺍﺩﺨﺘﺴﻻﺎﺒ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺭﺜﺃ ﻭ ﻱﻭﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﻡﺍﺩﺨﺘﺴﻻﺍ ﺠﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﺤﻭﺩﻨﻤ ﺩﺠﻴ ﺎﻤ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻭ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻋﻭﻤﺠﻤ ﺕﻝﻭﺎﻨﺘ ﺎﻬﻨﺃ ﻙﻝﺫ ﺓﺭﻬﻤ ﻤ ﺭﺒﺘﻌﻴ ﻭ ﻼﻌﻓ لﺼﻷﺍ ﻲﻓ لﻜﺸﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺹﻭﺼﻨﻝﺍ ﺎ ﻥﻤ ﻲﺸﺭﻘﻝﺍ ﺩﻴﺯ ﻭﺒﺃ ﻪﺒ ﻡﺎﻗ ﻱﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ لﻌﻔﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ ﺞﺘﺎﻨ ﺭﺜﺃ ﻡﻴﺩﻘﺘ ﻭ ﺏﻴﻭﺒﺘ ﻭ ﻑﻴﻨﺼﺘ . ﺎﻫﻭﻠﺘﺘ ﻭ ﺔﻤﺩﻘﻤ ﺎﻬﻘﺒﺴﺘ لﻭﺼﻓ ﺔﻌﺒﺭﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻩﻭﻤﻨ ﻲﻓ ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ ﺩﻤﺘﻋﺍ ﺩﻗ ﻭ ﺨ ـ ﺔﻤﺘﺎ .
لﺼﻔﻝﺍ لﻭﻷﺍ : ﺃ ﺓﺭﻬﻤﺠ ﻲﻓ لﻭﺍﺩﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺒﺘﻋ ﺏﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻌﺸ ﻱﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺏﻨﺎﺠﻝﺍ ﺩﻤﺘﻋﺍ ، ﻱﺭﻌﺸ ﺭﺨﺁ ﻭ ﻱﺩﻘﻨ ﻕﺸ ﻥﻴﻘﺸ ﻥﻤ ﺓﺭﻬﻤﺠﻝﺍ لﻜﺸﺘﺘ ﺘﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﻭﺤﻤﻝﺍ ﺎﻴﺎﻀﻘﻝﺍ ﺽﻌﺒ ﺔﺴﺭﺍﺩﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ ـ ﻕﻠﻌ ﻴﺩﻘﻝﺍ ﻲﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺭﻌﺸﻝﺎﺒ ـ ﻡ ﺔﻴﻗﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﻪﻓﻭﺭﻅ ﻭ ﻹﺍ ﺔﻴﺠﺎﺘﻨ ﺔﻴﺌﺍﺭﻘﻝﺍ ﻭ ، ﺔﻴﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﺩﻘﻤﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ لﻜﺸﺘ ﻭ ﻌﻤ ﺔﻴﻔﻠﺨ ﺀﺎﻨﺒﺒ لﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺉﺭﺎﻘﻝ ﺢﻤﺴﺘ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺍﺩﺘ ﺕﺍﺭﺸﺅﻤ ﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ لﻭﺤ ﺔﻴﻓﺭ ﺎﻤﻤ ﻡﻴﺩﻘﻝﺍ ﺭﺴﻴﻴ لﻜﺸﺘ ﺩﻘﻓ ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﻭ ﻩﺭﺜﺃ ﺓﺭﻴﺘﻭ ﻊﻓﺭ ﻥﻤﻀﻴ ﻭ ﻪﻝﻭﺍﺩﺘ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﺔﻴﻝﺎﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺍﺩﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺒﺘﻌﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ لﺼﻔﻝﺍ : 1 -ﺔﻴﻤﺎﻬﻓﻹﺍ ﺔﺒﺘﻌﻝﺍ : ﺔﻴﻔﻠﺨ ﺀﺎﻨﺒﺒ ﺢﻤﺴﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﻭﺭﻀﻝﺍ ﺭﺼﺎﻨﻌﻝﺍ ﺕﺠﻝﺎﻋ ﺕﻝﻭﺎﻨﺘﻓ ﺭﻌﺸﻝﺎﺒ ﺔﻴﻓﺭﻌﻤ ﻙﺍﺭﺘﺸﻻﺍ ﻲﻠﺼﺍﻭﺘ لﻤﻋ لﻜ ﺓﺭﺅﺒ ﺎﻬﻔﺼﻭﺒ ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ

ﺢﺠﺎﻨ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺩﻤﺘﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻝﻵﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻋﻭﻤﺠﻤ ﺕﻝﻭﺎﻨﺘ ﻡﺜ ﻡﺎﻬﻓﻹﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺕﻠﺜﻤﺘ ﻭ ﻡﺎﻬﻓﻹﺍ ﺩﻴﻌﻘﺘﻝﺎﺒ ﻭ ﺡﺭﺸﻝﺍ لﻴﺜﻤﺘﻝﺍ ﻭ . 2 -ﺔﻴﺭﺍﻭﺤﻝﺍ ﺔﺒﺘﻌﻝﺍ : ﺢﻤﺴﺘ ﻥﻴﺒﻁﺎﺨﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺔﻜﺭﺘﺸﻤ ﺔﻴﻀﺭﺃ ﺩﻭﺠﻭ ﻥﺇ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺩﻜﺅﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻭﻫ ﻕﺤﻝﺍ لﻋﺎﻔﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﻜﻝﻭ لﺎﻌﻓ ﻭ ﺢﺠﺎﻨ ﺭﺍﻭﺤ ﺯﺎﺠﻨﺈﺒ ﺎﻴﺭﻅﻨ ﺽﺍﺭﺘﻓﻻﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺕﺠﻝﺎﻋ ﺩﻘﻓ ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﻭ ﺓﺩﺭﺍﻭﻝﺍ ﺹﻭﺼﻨﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻋﻭﻤﺠﻤ ﺔﺒﺘﻌﻝﺍ ﻌﺒ لﻼﻐﺘﺴﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ لﻭﺼﻭﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻐﺒ ﺔﻴﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﺩﻘﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ـ ﺒﻁﺎﺨﺘﻝﺍ ﺩﻋﺍﻭﻘﻝﺍ ﺽ ـ ﺔﻴ ﺎﻴﺭﻌﺸ ﺎﻋﻭﻀﻭﻤ ﺞﻝﺎﻌﺘ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻴﺭﻌﺸ ﺓﺎﻘﺘﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺹﻭﺼﻨﻝﺍ ﺕﻨﺎﻜ ﻭ . 3 -ﺔﻴﺠﺎﺠﺤﻝﺍ ﺔﺒﺘﻌﻝﺍ : ﺎﻬﻤﺩﺨﺘﺴﻴ ﺔﻴﻋﺎﻨﻗﺇ ﺕﺎﻴﻝﺁ ﺝﺎﺘﺤﻴ ﺭﺍﻭﺤﻝﺍ ﻥﺇ ﻡﻬﺌﺍﺭﺁ ﻭﺃ ﻡﻬﺘﺎﺒﺎﻁﺨ ﺭﻴﺭﻤﺘ لﺠﺃ ﻥﻤ ﻥﻭﺒﻁﺎﺨﺘﻤﻝﺍ ، ﻥﻤ ﻪﺘﻭﻗ ﺝﺎﺠﺤﻝﺍ ﺩﻤﺘﺴﻴ ﻠﻋ ﻭ ﺔﻴﻓﺭﻌﻤ ﻭ ﺔﻴﻭﻁﻠﺴ ﺕﺍﺀﺎﻀﻓ ﻤ ﺔﻴ ﻭ ﺩﻗ ﻲﻠﻴﺎﻤ ﺔﺒﺘﻌﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺕﻤﻀ : * ﺔﻁﻠﺴﻝﺍ ﻭ ﺝﺎﺠﺤﻝﺍ * ﻑﻴﺭﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﻭ ﺝﺎﺠﺤﻝﺍ * ﺯﺎﺠﻨﻹﺍ ﻭ ﺝﺎﺠﺤﻝﺍ 4 -ﺔﻴﻬﻴﺠﻭﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﺒﺘﻌﻝﺍ : ﺢﻤﺴﺘ ﺏﻁﺎﺨﻤﻠﻝ ﺔﻴﻓﺎﻜﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﻫﺍﺭﺒﻝﺍ ﻭ ﺞﺠﺤﻝﺍ ﻡﻴﺩﻘﺘ ﻥﺇ ﻪﻴﺠﻭﺘﻝﺍ لﻌﻓ ﺯﺎﺠﻨﺈﺒ ﺏﻁﺎﺨﻤﻠﻝ ، ﻨﺃ ﻙﻝﺫ ـ ﺔﻴﻀﺭﻷﺍ ﺄﻴﻫ ﻪ ﻘﻝ ـ ﻴﺠﻭﺘ لﻭﺒ ـ ﻪﺘﺎﻬ ﻨﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﺩﻘﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺩﺭﺍﻭﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻬﻴﺠﻭﺘﻝﺍ ﻕﻠﻌﺘﺘ ﻭ ـ ﻅﻭﻝﺍ ﺏﻨﺎﺠﻝﺎﺒ ﺔﻴﺩﻘ ـ ﺸﻠﻝ ﻲﻔﻴ ـ ﺭﻌ ﻪﺠﻭﺄﺒ ﺔﻨﻭﺭﻘﻤ ﺔﻁﻠﺴﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻪﻴﺠﻭﺘﻝﺍ ﺩﻤﺘﻋﺍ ﺩﻗ ﻭ ﻪﻨﻤ ﻰﺠﺘﺭﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﺜﻷﺍ ﻭ ﻯﺭﺨﺃ ﺔﻴﺠﺎﺠﺤ ، ﺎﻬﺘﻁﻠﺴ ﺕﻨﺭﺘﻗﺍ ﺔﻴﻭﻁﻠﺴ ﻁﺎﻤﻨﺃ ﺔﺜﻼﺜ ﺩﺠﻨ ﻭ ﺀﺍﺭﻏﻹﺍ لﺜﻤ ﻲﻓ ﺕﺎﻁﻠﺴﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺕﻠﺜﻤﺘ ﻭ ﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﻴﻗ ﺭﺎﻬﻅﺈﺒ : * ﺔﻴﻨﻴﺩﻝﺍ ﺔﻁﻠﺴﻝﺍ . * ﺔﻴﻤﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻁﻠﺴﻝﺍ . * ﺔﻴﻭﺒﻷﺍ ﺔﻁﻠﺴﻝﺍ . 5 -ﻲﻘﻠﺘﻝﺍ ﺩﻭﻤﻋ ﻭ ﺕﺎﺒﺘﻌﻝﺍ : ﻥﻋ ﺓﺭﻭﺼ ﻡﻴﺩﻘﺘﺒ ﺕﺎﺒﺘﻌﻝﺍ ﻑﻠﺘﺨﻤ ﺕﻤﺘﻫﺍ ﺢﻤﺴ ﺎﻤﻤ ﻯﺭﺨﺃ ﺔﻬﺠ ﻥﻤ ﻪﻌﻤ لﻤﺎﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻝﺁ ﻭﺤﻨ ﻪﻴﺠﻭﺘﻝﺍ ﻭ ﺔﻬﺠ ﻥﻤ ﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ

ﻭﺒ ﻲﻘﻠﺘﻝﺍ ﺩﻭﻤﻋ ﻥﻋ ﺭﻭﺼﺘ ﺀﺎﻨﺒﺒ ﻔﺼ ﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺩﻭﻤﻌﻝ لﻤﻜﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﺼﻨﻌﻝﺍ ﻪ ﻭ ﺎﻤﻴﺴ، ﺘﻤﻠﻝ ﻥﺃ ﺭﻜﻨﻴ ﻻ ﺭﻭﻀﺤ ﻲﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺙﺍﺭﺘﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻲﻘﻠ .
ﻲﻨﺎﺜﻝﺍ لﺼﻔﻝﺍ : ﻱﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺭﺍﻭﺤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺍﺩﺘ ﻁ ﻭﻫ ﻱﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺹﻨﻝﺎﺒ ﻕﻠﻌﺘﻴ ﺎﻤﻴﻓ ﺎﻀﻭﻤﻏ ﺀﺎﻴﺸﻷﺍ ﺭﺜﻜﺃ لﻌﻝ ـ ﻥﻤﻓ ﻩﺎﻓﺭ ﻡﻠﻜﺘﻤﻝﺍ ؟ ﻊﻤﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻭ ؟ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ لﺨﺍﺩ ﺓﺩﻭﺠﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺒﻁﺎﺨﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺔﻗﻼﻌﻝﺍ ﺎﻤ ﻭ ﺩﻭﺼﻘﻤﻝﺍ ﺏﻁﺎﺨﻤﻝﺍ ﻭ ﻱﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ؟ ﺫﻫ لﻋﺎﻔﺘﺘ ﻑﻴﻜ ﻡﺜ ﺭﻭﻬﻤﺠ ﻊﻤ ﺭﺼﺎﻨﻌﻝﺍ ﻩ ﻥﻴﻌﻤﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻭ ﺀﺍﺭﻘﻝﺍ ، ﺩﻗ ﻭ لﺼﻔﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺓﺩﻋﺎﻗ ﺕﻠﻜﺸ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻠﺌﺴﻷﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺕﻨﺎﻜ ﻰﻝﺇ لﺼﻔﻝﺍ ﻡﻴﺴﻘﺘ ﺎﻬﻨﻋ ﺔﺒﺎﺠﻹﺍ ﺕﻀﺘﻗﺍ ﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﺎﺤﻤ ﺔﻴﻝﺎﺘﻝﺍ : 1 -ﻱﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﺒﻁﺎﺨﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻑﺍﺭﻁﻷﺍ : ﻭﻠﺨﻴ ﺩﺎﻜﻴ ﻻ ﻡﻴﺩﻗ ﻱﺭﻌﺸ ﺹﻨ ﺎﺼﻝﺍ ﻭ ﺓﺃﺭﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﻠﻜﻴ ﻭﻬﻓ ﺎﻤ ﺕﺍﺫ ﺔﺒﻁﺎﺨﻤ ﻥﻤ ﺭﺎﻴﺩﻝﺍ ﻭ ﻥﻤﺩﻝﺍ ﺩﻨﻋ ﻑﻘﻴ ﻭ ﺏﺤ ﺴﻤ ﺍﺭﺴﻔﺘ ﻤ ﻴﺠﺎﻨ ﺎ ﺔﻠﺤﺍﺭﻝﺍ ﻤ ﺴﻨﺄﺘﺴ ﺎ ﺏﺌﺫﻝﺎﺒ ... ﺕﺎﺒﻁﺎﺨﻤﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻬﻝ ﻥﺃ ﻙﺸ ﻻ ﻭ ﺩﻗ ﻭ ﻪﺘﺎﻤﺎﻤﺘﻫﺍ ﻭ ﻉﺩﺒﻤﻝﺍ ﺩﺼﺎﻘﻤ ﻥﻋ ﻑﺸﻜﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺭﻴﺒﻜ ﺔﻴﻤﻫﺃ ﺔﻴﻠﺨﺍﺩﻝﺍ ﺎﻤﻫ ﻥﻴﺠﺫﻭﻤﻨ ﺎﻨﻔﻗﻭﺘﺴﺍ : لﻴﻠﺤﺘ ﻲﻓ ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ ﺯﻜﺭ ﺓﺃﺭﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﺒﻁﺎﺨﻤ ﻭ ﺏﺤﺎﺼﻝﺍ ﺔﺒﻁﺎﺨﻤ ﻝﺍ ﻴﺠﺫﻭﻤﻨ ﻥ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻭ ﺏﺎﻘﻝﻷﺍ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻲﻝﻭﺍﺩﺘﻝﺍ ﺩﻌﺒﻝﺍ ﻭ ﺕﺎﺒﻁﺎﺨﻤﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻤﺩﺨﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﺀﺎﻤﺴﻷﺍ ﻥﻭﺩ ﻡﺍﺩﺨﺘﺴﺍ ﺎﻬﻨﻋ ﺢﺼﻔﻴ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺩﺼﺎﻘﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﺜ ﻡﺴﺍ ﻭﺃ ﻥﻴﻌﻤ ﺏﻘﻝ ﻥﻤ ﻕﻘﺤﺘﻴ ﺭﺨﻵﺍ ، ﺍﺫﻫ ﻑﻗﻭ ﺎﻤﻜ ﺀﺯـﺠﻝﺍ ﻌﺒﺃ ﻭ ﻱﺭﺎﺸﻹﺍ ﺏﻁﺎﺨﺘﻝﺍ ﺩﻨﻋ ـ ﻩﺩﺎ ﺘﻝﺍ ـ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺍﺩ . 2 -ﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺍﺩﺘ ﻭ ﺔﻴﻠﺼﺍﻭﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﻅﻨﻷﺍ : ﻕﻠﻁﻨﺍ ﺀﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻡﺎﻅﻨ لﻭﺤﺘ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺍﺩﺘﻝﺍ ﻩﺩﺎﻌﺒﺃ ﻭ ﺀﺍﺩﻷﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺩﻤﺘﻌﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻬﻓﺎﺸﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻡﻴﺩﻘﻝﺍ ﻲﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺩﻤﺘﻌﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻲﺒﺎﺘﻜﻝﺍ ﻡﺎﻅﻨﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻯﺭﺨﺃ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺍﺩﺘ ﺕﺍﺭﺜﺅﻤ ، ﻡﺎﻅﻨﻝﺍ لﻭﺎﻨﺘ ﻡﺜ ﺸﻝﺍ ﻲﻠﺼﺍﻭﺘﻝﺍ ـ ﻴﻝﺁ ﺩﻤﺘﻌﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻭ ﻱﺭﻌ ـ ﻘﻴﻹﺍ ﺎﻤﻫ ﻥﻴﺘ ـ ﺯﺎﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﻭ ﻉﺎ ؛ ﻉﺎﻘﻴﻹﺍ ﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﻭ ﺔﻬﻓﺎﺸﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﺎﻅﻨﺒ ﺭﻴﺒﻜ ﺩﺤ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻁﺒﺘﺭﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺽﻌﺒ ﻲﻓ ﻕﻓﺍﻭﺘﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺯﺎ ﺔﺒﺎﺘﻜﻝﺍ ﻊﻤ ﻪﺒﻨﺍﻭﺠ ﻥﻤ .

ﻰﻝﺇ ﻲﻀﻔﻴ ﻉﺎﻘﻴﻹﺍ ﻼﻓ ﺎﻌﻤ ﺯﺎﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﻭ ﻉﺎﻘﻴﻹﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺔﺠﺎﺤ ﻥﻋ ﺙﺩﺤﺘ ﺎﻤﻜ ﺎﻤﻨﺇ ﻭ ، ﺍﺫﻫ ﻕﻘﺤﻴ ﺍﺩﺭﻔﻤ ﺯﺎﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﻻﻭ ﻱﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺝﺎﺘﻨﻹﺍ ﻡﺤﻼﺘ ﺎﻌﻤ ﻥﻴﺭﺼﻨﻌﻝﺍ ﻲﻠﻴﺨﺘﻝﺍ ﻉﺎﻘﻴﻹﺍ ﻪﻴﻤﺴﻨ ﻥﺃ ﻥﻜﻤﻴ ﺎﻤﻴﻓ ﻪﻴﻓ ﺯﻴﻜﺭﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﺎﻜ ﻭ ﺩﻌﺒﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺎﺒﺼﻨﻤ ﻝﺍ ﺭﺒﻋ ﺫﺇ ﻲﻠﻴﺨﺘﻝﺍ ﻲﻋﺎﻘﻴﻹﺍ ﻡﺎﻅﻨﻝﺍ ﻪﻘﻘﺤﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻲﻝﻭﺍﺩﺘ ﺏﻜﺭﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﺎﻅﻨﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻪﻠﻌﻓ ﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺯﺠﻨﻴ . 3 -ﺏﻁﺎﺨﺘﻝﺍ ﺩﻋﺍﻭﻗ ﻭ ﻱﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ : ﻡﻼﻜﻝﺍ ﺔﻨﻭﺩﻤ ﺕﺼـﺨ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺒﻁﺎﺨﺘﻝﺍ ﺩﻋﺍﻭﻘﻝﺍ ﻡﻫﻷ ﺀﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺽﺭﻋ ، ﻪﺘﻴﻝﻭﺍﺩﺘﻝ ﺎﻨﺎﻤﻀ ﻱﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻴﻋﺍﺭﻴ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺩﻋﺍﻭﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ ﺙﺤﺒ ﻡﺜ ،ﻱﺩﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺩﻋﺍﻭﻘﻝﺍ ﻭ ﻲﺜﺍﺭﺘ ﺹﻨ ﻲﻓ ﻪﺘﻝﺎﻀ ﺩﺠﻭ ﺩﻗ ﻭ ﻪﺘﻴﺭﻌﺸﻝ ﺎﻘﻴﻘﺤﺘ ﺎﻬﻗﺭﺨﻴ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺭﻋﺎﺸﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﺃ ﻥﻋ ﻪﻴﻓ ﺙﺩﺤﺘﻴ ﻕﻴﺸﺭ ﻥﺒﻻ . ﺎﻤ لﻌﻓ ﺯﺎﺠﻨﻹ ﺏﻝﺎﻐﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻲﻀﻔﻴ ﺎﻬﻗﺭﺨ ﻭﺃ ﺩﻋﺍﻭﻘﻝﺍ ﻡﺍﺭﺘﺤﺍ ﻥﺇ .
ﺙﻝﺎﺜﻝﺍ لﺼﻔﻝﺍ : ﻱﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺍﺩﺘ ﻭ ﻡﻼﻜﻝﺍ لﺎﻌﻓﺃ ﻡﻼﻜﻝﺍ لﺎﻌﻓﺃ ﺔﻴﺭﻅﻨ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻉﻼﻁﻺﻝ ﺔﺼﺭﻓ لﺼﻔﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻥﺎﻜ ﺩﻗ ﻭ لﺒﻗ ﺎﻤﻭﻤﻋ ﻥﺃ ﺎﺒ ﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺹﺨﻴ لﻴﻠﺤﺘﻝ ﺩﺴﺠﺘﺘ ﻱﺭﻌﺸ ﻲﻤﻼﻜ لﻌﻓ ﺓﺩﻴﺼﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﻯﺭﻴ ﺫﺇ ﻲﻓ ﻪﺘﺎﻨﻭﻜﻤ : 1 -ﻲﻝﻭﻘﻝﺍ لﻌﻔﻝﺍ : ﺏﻴﻜﺭﺘﻝﺍ ، ﻅﻔﻠﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻥﻭﻜﺘﻴ ﻭ ، ﺔﻝﻻﺩﻝﺍ ، ﻉﺎﻘﻴﻹﺍ . 2 -ﻱﺯﺎﺠﻨﻹﺍ لﻌﻔﻝﺍ : لﻭﻷﺍ لﻌﻔﻝﺍ ، لﻗﻷﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻥﻴﻴﺯﺎﺠﻨﺇ ﻥﻴﻠﻌﻓ ﻥﻤ ﻥﻭﻜﺘﻴ ﻭ ﺩﻤﻝﺎﻜ ﺓﺩﻴﺼﻘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺍﺩﺒ ﻲﻓ ﻪﺒ ﺡﺭﺼﻴ ﺩﻗ لﻌﻓ ﻭﻫ ﻲﻨﺎﺜﻝﺍ لﻌﻔﻝﺍ ﻭ ، ﺀﺎﺜﺭﻝﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺡ ﻱﺭﻴﺜﺄﺘﻝﺍ لﻌﻔﻝﺍ ﺀﻭﻀ ﻲﻓ ﻻﺇ ﻕﻘﺤﺘﻴ ﻻ ﻱﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻥﻤﺎﻜ . 3 -ﻱﺭﻴﺜﺄﺘﻝﺍ لﻌﻔﻝﺍ : ﻻﺍ لﻌﻔﻝﺍ ﻥﺇ ﺯﺎﺠﻨ ﻱ ﺄﺘﻝﺍ لﺎﻌﻓﻷﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻠﺴﻠﺴ ﺞﺘﻨﻴ ﺜ ﺔﻴﺭﻴ ﻝﺍ ﺎﺒﺘﻤ ﺔﻨﻴ ، ﻭ ﺔﻤﻴﻗ ﻲﻫﺎﻀﺘ ﻱﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺍﺩﺘ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻤﻴﻗ ﻱﺭﻴﺜﺄﺘﻝﺍ لﻌﻔﻠﻝ ﺍ لﻭﻘﺤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻱﺯﺎﺠﻨﻻﺍ لﻌﻔﻝﺍ ﺓﺩﻴﺼﻘﻝﺍ لﺼﻔﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺞﻝﺎﻋ ﺩﻗ ﻭ ، ﻯﺭﺨﻷ ﺎﻬﻔﺼﻭﺒ ﺍﺫﻜ ﻭ ﻼﻌﻓ ﺎﻬﻔﺼﻭﺒ لﻌﻓ ﺭﺜﺃ ﻲﻠﻴ ﺎﻤ ﻕﻓﻭ : 1 ﺽﺍﺭﻏﻷﺍ ﺩﺩﻌﺘ ﺇ ﻭ ﺩﺤﺍﻭﻝﺍ لﻌﻔﻝﺍ ﺯﺎﺠﻨ : ﺔﻴﻨﺒ ﻲﻓ ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺎﺒ ﺀﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻡﺘﻫﺍ ﺜﺩﺤ ﺓﺩﻴﺼﻘﻝﺍ ﺍﺭﺒﺘﻌﻤ ﺎﻬﻝ ﺔﻨﻭﻜﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﺼﺎﻨﻌﻝﺍ ﻭ ﺔﻴﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺓﺩﻴﺼﻘﻝﺍ ﺎ ﻴﻤﻼﻜ ﺎ ﻴﺭﻌﺸ ﺎ

ﺔﻋﻭﻤﺠﻤ ﺏﻁﻘﺘﺴﻴ ﻱﺭﺅﺒ لﻌﻓ ﻥﻤ ﻥﻭﻜﺘﻴ ﺓﺭﻴﺴﻤ لﻼﺨ لﻤﻌﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ لﺎﻌﻓﻷﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻹﺍ لﻌﻔﻝﺍ ﺩﻴﺤﻭﺘ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺎﻫﻭﻤﻨ ﻱﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﻱﺯﺎﺠﻨ . 2 ﻭ ﻱﺭﻴﺜﺄﺘﻝﺍ لﻌﻔﻝﺍ ﺇ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﺯﺎﺠﻨ : ﺙﺩﺤ ﻯﺭﺤﻷﺎﺒ ﻭﺃ لﻌﻓ ﻲﻫ ﺓﺩﻴﺼﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﺇ ﺓﻭﻗ لﻤﺤﻴ ﻱﺭﻌﺸ ﻪﻴﺯﺎﺠﻨﺇ ﺙﺍﺩﺤﺇ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻲﻀﻔﻴ ﻭ ﺔﻨﻴﻌﻤ ﺃ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻥﺃ ﺎﻤﻜ ، ﺎﻤ ﺭﺜ ﻴﺴﻔﻨ ﻥﻭﻜﻴ ﺩﻗ ، ﺭﺨﺁ ﺙﺩﺤﻝ ﻱﺭﻴﺜﺄﺘ لﻌﻓ ﻭﻫ ﺙﺩﺤﻝﺍ ﺎ ﻋﺎﻤﺘﺠﺍ ﻭﺃ ﻴﺎ ﻴﺭﻌﺸ ﻭﺃ ﺎ 3 -ﺔﻗﺎﻁﻝﺍ ﻥﺍﺩﻘﻓ ﻭ ﻱﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ لﻌﻔﻝﺍ : ﻱﺭﻌﺸ ﺙﺩﺤ ﻲﻫ ﺓﺩﻴﺼﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﺇ ﻭﺃ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻠﺴﻠﺴ لﺎﻌﻓﻷﺍ ﺒﻴ ﻭ ﺓﺭﺸﺎﺒﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻏ ﺔﻴﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﻰﻨ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺭﺸﺎﺒﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻏ لﻌﻔﻝﺍ ﻝﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﻝ ﻱﺯﺎﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﺍﺩﺨﺘﺴﻻﺍ ﺘ ﻲ ﺘ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻠﺤﺭﻤ ﺭﺭﻜﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﺍﺩﺨﺘﺴﻻﺍ لﻌﻔﺒ لﺨﺩ ﺯﺠﻌﻝﺍ ﻲﺌﺎﺤﻴﻹﺍ ﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻋﺩﺘﺴﻴﻓ ـ ﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻪﻔﺼﻭﺒ ﻲﻓﺭﺤﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻏ ﻰﻨﻌ ﻨ ـ ﻓﺭﺤﻝﺍ ﻰ ـ ﻲ ﺔﻗﺎﻁﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺭﺜﺅﺘ ﻭ ﺔﻴﺌﺎﺤﻴﻹﺍ ﻝ لﻬﻓ ﺔﻤﻴﺩﻘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺹﻭﺼﻨﻠ ﻤ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻲﻨﻌﻴ ﻭ ﺎﻬﺘﻗﺎﻁ ﺩﺭﺘﺴﺘ ﺹﻭﺼﻨﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻥﺃ ﻡﺃ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﺕ ﺔﻴﺌﺎﺤﻴﻹﺍ ؟
ﻊﺒﺍﺭﻝﺍ لﺼﻔﻝﺍ : ﻱﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺍﺩﺘ ﻭ ﻕﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﻡﻴﺩﻘﻝﺍ ﻱﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻥﺎﻴﺤﻷﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺭﻴﺜﻜﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺭﺎﺸﻴ ﻪﻨﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻲﻗﺎﻴﺴ ﺹﻨ ﺯﻤ ﻭﻬﻓ ، ﻙﻠﺘ ﻭﺃ ﺓﺩﻴﺼﻘﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺔﺒﺴﺎﻨﻤ ﻭ ﻪﻴﻘﻠﺘﻤ ﻭ ﻪﺒﺘﺎﻜ ﻰﻠﻋ لﻴﺤﻴ ﻑﻠﻤﺒ ﺩﻭ ﻡﺩﻘﻴ ﺍﺫﺎﻤﻓ ﻕﺌﺎﻘﺤﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺔﻴﻠﻋﺎﻓ ﻲﻓ ﻙﻜﺸﻴ ﻪﺴﻔﻨ ﺡﺭﻁﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ لﺍﺅﺴﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﺭﻴﻏ ﻥﻠﻌﻴ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﻭ ﺎﻤﻴﺴ ﺹﻨﻠﻝ ﻕﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻲﻓ ﻹﺍ ﻪﻤﺘﻴ ﺓﺭﻴﺜﻜ ﺕﻻﺎﺤ ﺫﺇ ﻱﺩﺍﺭ ﺩﺒﺘﺴﺘ ﺓﺩﻴﺩﺠ ﺕﺎﻗﺎﻴﺴ ﻥﻤﻀ ﺵﻴﻌﻴﻝ ﻪﻴﻓ ﺩﻝﻭ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻕﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﺯﻭﺎﺠﺘﻴ ل ﺔﻨﻜﻤﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﻝﺍﻭﻌﻝﺍ ﻕﺎﻴﺴﺒ ﺩﻼﻴﻤﻝﺍ ﻕﺎﻴﺴ ﺔﻠﻴﺨﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻭﺃ لﺼﻔﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺞﻝﺎﻋ ﺩﻗ ﻭ ﻲﻓ ﺕﺩﺴﺠﺘ ﺎﻴﺎﻀﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻋﻭﻤﺠﻤ : 1 -ﻝﺍ ﻡﻴﺴﻘﺘ ﻝﺍ ﺏﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻌﺸﺃ ﺓﺭﻬﻤﺠﻝ ﻲﻗﺎﻴﺴ : ﻲﻓ ﻲﺸﺭﻘﻝﺍ ﺩﻴﺯ ﻭﺒﺃ ﺩﻤﻋ ﺫﺇ ﻲﻓ ﺕﻠﺜﻤﺘ ﺔﻴﻗﺎﻴﺴ ﺭﻴﻴﺎﻌﻤ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺹﻭﺼﻨﻝﺍ ﻑﻴﻨﺼﺘ : * ﻥﺎﻤﺯﻝﺍ * ﻥﺎﻜﻤﻝﺍ * ﻉﻭﻀﻭﻤﻝﺍ

2 ﺔﻴﻗﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺸﺅﻤﻝﺍ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﻌﺸ ﻭ : ﺔﻴﻗﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺸﺅﻤﻝﺍ لﻤﺸﺘ ﺔﻴﻨﺎﻤﺯﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺩﺤﻤﻝﺍ ﻭ ﺔﻴﺼﺨﺸﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺩﺤﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﺎﻜﻤﻝﺍ ﻭ ﻭ ﺫﺇ ﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺕﻨﺎﻜ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻫﺩﻭﺠﻭ ﻥﺈﻓ ﺔﻴﻌﺠﺭﻤ ﺕﻻﺎﺤﺇ ﻲﻨﺒﺘ ﺔﻴﻤﻭﻴﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺒﺎﻁﺨﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺭﺼﺎﻨﻌﻝﺍ ﺯﺠﻌﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻥﺇ ، ﺔﻝﺎﺤﻹﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻡﺴﺭ ﻥﻋ ﺕﻻﺎﺤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺭﻴﺜﻜ ﻲﻓ ﺯﺠﻌﻴ ﻱﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﻲﻝﺎﺤﻹﺍ ﻝﺍ ﺽﻭﻌﻴ ﻲﻌﺠﺭﻤ ﺒ ﺔﻝﺎﺤﻹﺎ ﺒ ﺢﻤﺴﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻴﺨﺘﻝﺍ ـ ﻥﻜﻤﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺀﺎﻨﺒ ﻲﻠﻴ ﺎﻤ ﻕﻓﻭ ﺔﻴﺼﻨ ﺕﺎﻴﻭﺘﺴﻤ ﻲﻓ ﺕﺍﺩﺩﺤﻤﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺎﻨﺠﻝﺎﻋ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺢﻴﻀﻭﺘﻝ ﻭ : * ﻲﻨﺎﻤﺯﻝﺍ ﺩﺩﺤﻤﻝﺎﺒ ﻪﻁﺎﺒﺘﺭﺍ ﻭ ﻲﻨﺎﻜﻤﻝﺍ ﺩﺩﺤﻤﻝﺍ : ﻪﻔﺼﻭﺒ لﻠﻁﻝﺍ ﺎﻨﻝﻭﺎﻨﺘ ﺩﻗ ﻭ ﺭﺼﻨﻋ ﻪﻴﻓ لﺨﺍﺩﺘﻴ ﺀﺎﻀﻓ ﺍ ﻲﻌﺠﺭﻤﻝﺍ ﺩﻭﺠﻭﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ ﺎﻨﻝﺀﺎﺴﺘ ﻭ ﻥﺎﻜﻤﻝﺍ ﻭ ﻥﺎﻤﺯﻝﺍ ﻨﻌﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺫﻬﻝ لﻠﻁﻠﻝ ﺎﻴﻓﺍﺭﻏﻭﺘﻭﻓ ﺍﺭﻴﻭﺼﺘ ﺓﺩﻴﺼﻘﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ لﻠﻁﻝﺍ لﻜﺸﻴ لﻫﻭ ﻥﻴﺭﺼ ﻊﻗﺍﻭﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺩﻭﺠﻭﻤﻝﺍ . * ﻲﺼﺨﺸﻝﺍ ﺩﺩﺤﻤﻝﺎﺒ ﻪﻁﺎﺒﺘﺭﺍ ﻭ ﻲﻨﺎﻜﻤﻝﺍ ﺩﺩﺤﻤﻝﺍ : ﻥﻴﺒ ﺔﻗﻼﻌﻝﺍ ﻪﻴﻓ ﺎﻨﻝﻭﺎﻨﺘ ﺔﻗﺎﻨﻝﺍ ﻭﻫ ﻥﻴﻌﻤ ﻁﻴﺴﻭ ﺭﺒﻋ ﻥﺎﻜﻤﻝﺍ ﻭ ﺕﺍﺫﻝﺍ / ﺔﻠﺤﺍﺭﻝﺍ . 3 ﺔﻨﻜﻤﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﻝﺍﻭﻌﻝﺍ ﺀﺎﻨﺒ ﻭ ﻱﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﻕﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ : ﻝﺍ ﺔﻔﻝﺎﺴﻝﺍ ﺎﻴﺎﻀﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﺇ ﺭﻜﺫ ﻲﻝﺎﻴﺨﻝﺍ ﻡﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻠﺤﻤ لﺤﻴ ﻭ ﻊﻗﺍﻭﻝﺎﺒ ﺔﻠﺼﻝﺍ ﺭﺘﺒﻴ ﻱﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺭﻴﺸﺘ ﻱﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﻑﺼﻭﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﻪﻝﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﺢﻀﺘﺍ ﺎﻴﻔﺼﻭ ﺎﺼﻨ ﺎﻨﻠﻠﺤ ﺎﻴﺼﻨ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺔﻨﻴﺎﻌﻤﻝ ﻭ ﻊﻗﺍﻭﻝﺎﺒ ﻁﺒﺭ ﺍﺫﺇ ﺹﻗﺎﻨ ﺯﻤﺭ . 4 -لﻌﻔﻝﺍ ﺀﺎﻨﺒ ﺓﺩﺎﻋﺇ ﻭ ﻕﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﺯﻭﺎﺠﺘ : ﻥﻋ ﺔﺒﺎﺠﻺﻝ ﺀﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻰﻌﺴﻴ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﺩﻝﻭﻴ ﻑﻴﻜ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﻤ لﺍﺅﺴﻝﺍ ﻕﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺯﻭﺎﺠﺘﻴ ﻭ ﻕﺎﻴﺴ ﻲﻓ ؟ ﻥﺃ ﻙﻝﺫ ﺭﻋﺎﺸﻝﺎﻓ ﻪﺠﺎﺘﻨﺍ ﺭﻁﺅﺘ ﺔﻴﻗﺎﻴﺴ ﻑﻭﺭﻅﺒ ﻡﻭﻜﺤﻤ ﻡﻴﺩﻘﻝﺍ ﻲﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﻱﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﻱﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﺭﻴﻏ ﺩﺩﺤﻤ ﻕﺎﻴﺴ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻨﻴﻌﻤ ﺎﺼﺨﺸ ﻲﺜﺭﻴﻭﺃ ﻭﺠﻬﻴ ﻭﺃ ﺡﺩﻤﻴ ﻯﺭﺨﺃ ﺕﺎﻗﺎﻴﺴ ﻊﻤ ﺵﻴﺎﻌﺘﻴ ﻭ ﻕﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻥﻋ ﺓﺩﺎﻋ لﺼﻨﺘﻴ . ﺫ ﺩﻗﻭ ﻴ ﻝﺍ ﺞﺌﺎﺘﻨﻝﺍ ﺕﻌﻤﺠ ﺔﻤﺘﺎﺨﺒ لﻭﺼﻔﻝﺍ ﺕﻠ ﺘﻤ لﺼﻭ ﺎﻬﻴﻝﺇ . ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ ﺩﻤﺘﻋﺍ ﺩﻗ ﻭ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻠﻴﻠﺤﺘﻝﺍ ﺞﻬﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﻲ ﺎﻴﺎﻀﻘﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺩﻤﻋ ﺫﺇ لﻭﻷﺍ ﻪﻠﺼﻓ ﻲﻓ ﻡﺴﺭﻝ ﺎﻬﻠﻠﺤ ﻭ ﺏﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻌﺸﺃ ﺓﺭﻬﻤﺠﺒ ﺔﻘﺤﻠﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﺜﻨﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﺩﻘﻤﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺘﻝﻭﺎﻨﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻘﺒﺘﻤﻝﺍ لﻭﺼﻔﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻤﺃ، ﻲﺸﺭﻘﻝﺍ ﺩﻴﺯ ﻭﺒﺃ ﺎﻬﺤﺭﻁ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺅﺭﻝﺍ ﺢﻤﻼﻤ ﻝﺍ ﺞﻬﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﻕﻴﺒﻁﺘ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ ﻰﻌﺴ ﺩﻘﻓ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻋﻭﻤﺠﻤﺒ ﺎﻨﻴﻌﺘﺴﻤ ، ﻲﻝﻭﺍﺩﺘ

ﺎﻬﻨﻤ ﻊﺠﺭﻤﻝﺍ ﻭ ﺭﺩﺎﺼﻤﻝﺍ : ـﻝ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺍﺩﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﺒﺭﺎﻘﻤﻝﺎﻜ ﺭﺼﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ) ﺯﺍﻭﺴﻨﻭﺭﻓ ﻭﻜﻨﻤﺭﺃ ( ﺏﺎﻁﺨﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﺠﺘﺍﺭﺘﺴﺍ ﻭ، – ﺔﻴﻭﻐﻝ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺍﺩﺘ ﺔﺒﺭﺎﻘﻤ – ـﻝ ) ﻱﺩﺎﻬﻝﺍ ﺩﺒﻋ ﻱﺭﻬﺸﻝﺍ ﺭﻓﺎﻅ ﻥﺒ ( ﻲﺜﺍﺭﺘﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻨﻤﻭ ، : ـﻝﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﻋ ) ﺎﺒﻁﺎﺒﻁ ﻥﺒﺍ ( ﺝﺎﻬﻨﻤ ﻭ ـﻝ ﺀﺎﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺝﺍﺭﺴ ﻭ ﺀﺎﻐﻠﺒﻝﺍ ) ﺍ ﻲﻨﺠﺎﻁﺭﻘﻝ . ( ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ ﺞﻝﺎﻋ ﺩﻗ ﻭ ﻩﺎﻴﺎﻀﻗ ﺕﺎﻫﺎﺘﻤ ﻲﻓ ﻕﻻﺯﻨﻹﺍ ﺔﺒﻐﻤ ﻥﻤ ﺓﺭﺫﺤ ﺓﺩﻴﺌﻭ ﻰﻁﺨﺒ ﻥﻤ ﻲﻝﻭﺍﺩﺘﻝﺍ ﺱﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻉﺎﺴﺘﺍ لﻅ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻤﻴﺴ ﺔﻴﻋﺭﺸﻝﺍ ﻩﺩﻭﺩﺤ ﻥﻋ ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺎﺒ ﺝﺭﺨﺘ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺍﺩﺘﺒ ﺹﺘﺨﻤﻝﺍ ﺏﻨﺎﺠﻝﺍ ﻡﺍﺩﻌﻨﺍ لﻘﻨ ﻡﻝ ﻥﺇ ﺔﻴﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﺒﺘﻜﻤﻝﺍ ﺢﺸ ﻭ ﺔﻬﺠ ﻱﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﺒﺘﻜﻤﻠﻝ ﺀﻲﺸ ﺔﻓﺎﻀﺇ ﻲﻓ ﻼﻤﺃ، . ﻥﺎﻜ ﺩﻗ ﻭ ﻝ لﺜﻤ ﻙﻝﺫ ﻕﺌﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺒ ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻲﺘﺄﻴ ﻥﺃ ﻲﻠﻴﻔﻁﻝﺍ ﻩﻭﻤﻨ ، ﻥﺃ ﻻﻭﻝ ﻡﻴﺭﻜﻝﺍ ﻲﻓﺭﺸﻤ ﺹﺨﺸ ﻲﻫ ﺩﺎﺼﺭﻤﻝﺎﺒ ﺎﺘﺍﺫ ﺩﺠﻭ ﻱﺩﻝﺍﻭ لﺒ ﺩﺒﻋ ﺭﻭﺘﻜﺩﻝﺍ ﻩﺩﻬﺠﺒ ﻪﺼﺨ ﻭ ﺓﺭﻜﻓ ﻥﺎﻜ ﺫﻨﻤ ﺔﻴﺎﻋﺭﻝﺎﺒ ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ ﺩﻬﻌﺘ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻲﺨﻤﺍﺩ ﺭﺩﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﺎﻓﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﻭ ﺭﻜﺸﻝﺍ ﻎﻝﺎﺒ ﻪﻠﻓ ﻪﺘﻗﻭﻭ .

ﻡﺴﺎﻘﺘﺘ ﺏﺍﻭﺒﺃ ﺔﺴﻤﺨ ﻭ لﻭﺼﻓ ﺔﻴﻨﺎﻤﺜ ﻥﻤ ﺏﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻌﺸﺃ ﺓﺭﻬﻤﺠ لﻜﺸﺘﺘ ﻌﺒﺭﺃ ﻭ ﻊﺴﺘ ﺎﻬﻨﻤ ﺏﺍﻭﺒﺃ ﺔﻌﺒﺴ ﻴ لﻭﻷﺍ ﺏﺎﺒﻝﺍ ﺎﻤﺃ ﻱﻭﺎﺴﺘﻝﺎﺒ ﺎﻴﺭﻌﺸ ﺎﺼﻨ ﻥ ﻲﻫ لﻭﺼﻓ ﺔﺴﻤﺨ ﻡﻀﻴﻓ : " ﻪﺒ ﻕﻓﺍﻭ ﺎﻤﻴﻓ لﻭﻷﺍ لﺼﻔﻝﺍ ﺭﻘﻝﺍ ﺁ ﻥ ﻅﺎﻔﻝﺃ ﻰﻨﻌﻤ ﺸﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﺒﺨﺃ ﻲﻓ ﻲﻨﺎﺜﻝﺍ لﺼﻔﻝﺍ، ﻡﻫﺭﺎﻌﺸﺃ ﻭ ﺏﺭﻌﻝﺍ ـ لﺎﻗ ﻥﻤ لﻭﺃ ﻭ ﺀﺍﺭﻌ ﻨﻤ ﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ، ﺀﺍﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﻭ ﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻲﺒﻨﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ ﻯﻭﺭ ﺎﻤﻴﻓ ﺙﻝﺎﺜﻝﺍ لﺼﻔﻝﺍ ، ﻡﻬ ﻥﺠﻝﺍ لﻭﻗ ﻲﻓ ﻊﺒﺍﺭﻝﺍ لﺼﻔﻝﺍ ﻭ ﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ لﺼﻔﻝﺍ ﻭ ﺏﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻨﺴﻝﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺨﻝﺍ ﺎ ﻡﻬﺘﺎﻘﺒﻁ ﻭ ﺀﺍﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﺒﺨﺃ ﻲﻓ ﺱﻤ " 1 . ﻥﺇ ﻥﻴﺒ ﻁﺒﺍﺭﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﻜﺫﻤﻝﺍ لﻭﺼﻔﻝﺍ ﺓ ﻭﻫ ﻩﻼﻋﺃ ﺎﻬﺘﻝﺎﺤﺇ ﺩﺤﺍﻭ ﻉﻭﻀﻭﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ ، ﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﻭﻫ ﻓ ، ﺓﺭﻬﻤﺠﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ لﺼﻔﻨﻴ ﻻ ﻥﺎﻴﻜ ﻲﻬ ﺎﺒﺤﺎﺼﻤ ﻼﻤﻋ لﻜﺸﺘ ﻲﺸﺭﻘﻝﺍ ﺩﻴﺯ ﻭﺒﺃ ﻪﺒ ﻡﺎﻗ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ لﻤﻌﻠﻝ ، ﻥﻤ ﺔﻋﻭﻤﺠﻤﻝ ﻲﻔﻴﻨﺼﺘﻝﺍ لﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﻙﻝﺫ ﺎﻬﻨﻋ ﺢﺼﻔﻴ ﻡﻝ ﺭﻴﻴﺎﻌﻤ ﺎﻌﺒﺘﻤ ﺔﻴﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺹﻭﺼﻨﻝﺍ . ﺩﻭﺠﻭ ﻥﺇ ﺔﻤﺩﻘﻤﻝﺍ ﺀﺍﺯﺇ ﻔﻴﻨﺼﺘﻝﺍ لﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﺜﻴ ﻲ ﻥﻴﺒ ﻕﻠﻘﻝﺍ ﺢﻨﺍﻭﺠ ﺩﻝﻭﺘﻓ ﻲﻘﻠﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺎﻋﺎﺒﺘ ﺔﻠﺌﺴﻷﺍ ؛ ﺎﻤ ﻱﺭﺜﻨﻝﺍ ﺀﺎﻀﻔﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﺤﻭﺭﻁﻤﻝﺍ ﻊﻴﻀﺍﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻗﻼﻋ ﻗ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ لﻤﻌﻝﺎﺒ ﻡﺎـ ﺒ ـ ﻪ ﺎﻤ ﻭ ﺔﻤﺩﻘﻤﻝﺍ ﻙﻠﺘ ﺔﻔﻴﻅﻭ ﺎﻤ ؟ ﺩﻴﺯ ﻭﺒﺃ ﺕﻻﺎﻜﺸﻹ ﻫ ؟ ﺎﻬﺘﺠﻝﺎﻋ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ـ ل ﺀﺍﺭﻗ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺎﻬﺴﺭﺎﻤﺘ ﺔﻁﻠﺴ ﻥﻤ ﺓﺭﻬﻤﺠﻝﺍ ﺏﺎﺘﻜ . ﺕﺍﺩﻭﺠﻭﻤﻝﺎﻓ ، ﺎﻫﺩﻭﺠﻭ ﺔﻁﻠﺴ ﻲﻫ ﺔﻤﺩﻘﻤﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺎﻬﺒ ﻊﺘﻤﺘﺘ ﺔﻁﻠﺴ لﻭﺃ لﻌﻝ ﻻ ﺔﻁﻠﺴ ﺱﺭﺎﻤﺘ ﺎﻨﻝﻭﺤ ﻥﻤ ﻥﻜﻤﻴ ﺎﻬﻠﻫﺎﺠﺘ ﻭ ﻥﺇ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻫﺭﺜﺃ ﺕﺎﺠﺭﺩ ﺕﺘﻭﺎﻔﺘ ﻓ ﺭﺨﻵ ﺩﺭ . ﺩﻴﺯ ﻭﺒﺃ ﺎﻬﻝﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﻡﻠﻜﺘﻴﻝ ﻭﺩﺒﻴ ﺎﻤﻜ ﺔﻤﺩﻘﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﻤﻤﺼ ﺩﻘﻝ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺏﻁﺎﺨﻤ لﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺃﺭﻘﻴﺴ ﻪﻨﺃ ﺽﺭﺘﻔﻴ ؛ ﻓ ﺎﻤﻠﻜﺘﻤ ﻪﻔﺼﻭﺒ ﺩﻴﺯ ﻭﺒﺄ " ﻲﻓ ﻪﻤﻼﻜ ﻲﻨﺒﻴ ﻻ ﺔﺼﺎﺨ ﺔﻔﺼﺒ ﻪﺒﻁﺎﺨﻤ ﻥﻋ ﻭ ﺔﻤﺎﻋ ﺔﻔﺼﺒ ﻪﻝﻭﺤ ﻥﻤ ﻡﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ ﺔﻤﺎﺘ ﺔﻝﺯﻋ ﻘﺒﺴﻤ ﺎﻫﺎﻨﺒ ﺩﻗ ﻥﻭﻜﻴ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻀﺭﻔﻝﺍ ﺀﻭﻀ ﻲﻓ ﻙﻝﺫ لﻌﻔﻴ ﻭﻫ لﺒ ـ ﻋ ﺎ ـ ﻥ 1 – ﻲﻠﻋ ﻕﻴﻘﺤﺘ ، ﻡﻼﺴﻹﺍ ﻭ ﺔﻴﻠﻫﺎﺠﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺏﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻌﺸﺃ ﺓﺭﻬﻤﺠ ، ﻲﺸﺭﻘﻝﺍ ﺏﺎﻁﺨﻝﺍ ﻲﺒﺃ ﻥﺒ ﺩﻤﺤﻤ ﺩﻴﺯ ﻭﺒﺃ ﺓﺭﻫﺎﻘﻝﺍ، ﻊﻴﺯﻭﺘﻝﺍ ﻭ ﺭﺸﻨﻠﻝ ﺔﻀﻬﻨﻝﺍ ﺭﺍﺩ ، ﻱﻭﺎﺠﺒﻝﺍ ﺩﻤﺤﻤ / ﺭﺼﻤ ) ﻁﺩ )( ﺕﺩ ( ﺹ : 5

ﺔﻴﻠﻴﻭﺄﺘﻝﺍ ﻪﺘﺩﺍﺩﻌﺘﺴﺍ ﻭ ﺔﻴﻭﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﻪﺘﺎﻜﻠﻤ ﻭ ﺔﻴﻋﺎﻤﺘﺠﻻﺍ ﺏﻁﺎﺨﻤﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺔﻴﺼﺨﺸ ﺔﻴﻝﻻﺩﺘﺴﻻﺍ ﻭ " 1 ﻥﺫﺇ ﻓ ﻥﻤﻀﺘﺘ ﺔﻤﺩﻘﻤﻝﺎ ﺍ ﺔﻴﺠﺘﺍﺭﺘﺴ ﺓﺎﻋﺍﺭﻤ ﻊﻤ ﺔﻨﻴﻌﻤ ﺔﻬﺠﻭ ﺀﺍﺭﻘﻝﺍ ﻪﺠﻭﺘ ﺔﻬﺠ ﻥﻤ ﺀﺍﺭﻘﻝﺍ ﺀﻻﺅﻬﻝ ﺔﻴﻓﺭﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻔﻠﺨﻝﺍ ، لﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻌﻴﺒﻁ ﺓﺎﻋﺍﺭﻤ ﻭ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻭﻫ ﻥﻤﻀﺘﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻭ ﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﻱﺃ ﻪﻨﻋ ﻡﻠﻜﺘﻴ ﻵﺍ ﺭﺨ ﺔﺠﺭﺩ ﺔﻴﻝﺎﺼﺘﺍ " ﺭﻋﺎﺸﻝﺎﻓ ﻪﺘﻴﺅﺭ لﺼﻭﻴ ﻥﺃ لﻭﺎﺤﻴ ﺔﻴﺘﺍﺫﻝﺍ ﻓﺩﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﺼﻝﺎﺒ ﺔﺌﻴﻠﻤ ﺔﻐﻝ ﺭﺒﻋ ﻊﻤﺎﺴﻠﻝ ﺔﻘـ ﻭ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﻌﺘﺴﻻﺍﻭ ﺔﻠﺨﺍﺩﺘﻤ ﺔﻴﻘﻴﺴﻭﻤ ﺔﻴﻨﺒ ﻥﻤﻀ ﺭﺎﻜﻓﻷﺍ ﻭ ﺔﻠﻴﺨﻷﺍ ﻭ ﺕﺍﺯﺎﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﻝﺍ ﻭ ﻤ ﻊﻴﻁﺘﺴﻴ ﻥﻝ ﺕﺍﺭﻴﺒﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻥﺍﻭﻝﻷﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ لﺜﻤﻝ ﺎﺌﻴﻬﻤ ﻥﻭﻜﻴ ﻻ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻲﻘﻠﺘ ﺭﻋﺎﺸﻝﺍ ﻪﻠﺴﺭﻴ ﺎﻤ ﻡﻬﻓ ﻭﺃ ﻕﻭﺫﺘ " 2 . ﻥﺇ ﺩﻭﺯﺘﻤ ﺉﺭﺎﻘﻝ ﺔﺠﺎﺤ ﻲﻓ ﻱﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻝﺂﺒ ﺒﺃ ﻭ ، ﺎﻤ ﻭ ﺉﺭﺎﻗ ﺩﻴﺯ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﺀﺍﺭﻘﻠﻝ ﻪﺠﻭﻤ ﻭ ، ﺔﻴﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺹﻭﺼﻨﻠﻝ ﻲﻔﻴﻨﺼﺘﻝﺍ ﻪﻠﻌﻓ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ، ﻪﺒﺎﺘﻜ ﻪﻨﻤﻀ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻱﺭﺜﻨﻝﺍ ﺏﺎﺒﻝﺍ لﺜﻤﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻭ ﺘ ﺕﺎﺒﺘﻋ ﺭﺴﻴ لﻭﺨﺩﻝﺍ ﺭﻤﺃ ﺔﺤﻴﺴﻔﻝﺍ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﻡﻝﺍﻭﻌﻝ ﻭ ﺢﻴﺘﺘ ﺔﻴﻨﺎﻜﻤﺇ ﺏﺎﺘﻜﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺒ ﻰﻔﺘﺤﺍ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ لﺼﺍﻭﺘﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺓﺭﻬﻤﺠ ﺏﺎﺘﻜ ﻭ ، لﺼﺍﻭﺘﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﻜﻓ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻲﻨﺒﻤ ﻱﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺹﻨﻝﺎﻓ ﺓﺩﻴﻌﺒ ﺩﻭﺩﺤ ﺃ ﺎﺜﺤﺎﺒ ﻪﺘﺤﺘﺎﻓ ﺫﻨﻤ لﺼﺍﻭﺘﻝﺍ ﻰﻋﺍﺭ ﺏﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻌﺸ ﻥﻋ ﺕﺎﻴﻝﺁ ﺡﺎﺠﻨ ﺼﺍﻭﺘﻝﺍ ـ ل ﺎﻤﻜ ﻲﻠﺼﺍﻭﺘ ﺝﺫﻭﻤﻨ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﺓﺭﻬﻤﺠﻝﺍ ﺏﺎﺘﻜﺒ ﻑﺭﻌﻓ، ﺴ ـ ؛ ﻯﺭﻨ ﺫﺇ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺩﻴﺯ ﻭﺒﺃ ﻁﺒﺭ ﻪﻴﺠﺘﻨﻤ ﻭ ﺏﺎﺘﻜﻝﺍ " ﺓﺭﻬﻤﺠ ﺏﺎﺘﻜﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻴﺫﻝﺍ ﺏﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻌﺸﺃ ﻥ ﻨ ﻭ ﻡﻬﺘﻨﺴﻝﺄﺒ ﻥﺁﺭﻘﻝﺍ لﺯ ﺸﺍ ـ ﺕﻘﺘ ﻡﻬﻅﺎﻔﻝﺃ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻴﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﻭ ﺕﺫﺨﺘﺍ ﺴﺃ ﻭ ﻡﻫﺭﺎﻌﺸﺃ ﻥﻤ ﺙﻴﺩﺤﻝﺍ ﻲﻨﺎﻌﻤ ﻲﻓ ﺩﻫﺍﻭﺸﻝﺍ ـ ﺤﻝﺍ ﺕﺩﻨ ـ ﺔﻤﻜ ﻡﻬﻴﻝﺇ ﺏﺍﺩﻵﺍ ﻭ " 3 . 1 – ﺔﻝﺎﺴﺭ ، ﺔﻴﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻲﻝﻭﺍﺩﺘﻝﺍ ﻭ ﻲﻝﻻﺩﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﻤﻀﺘﻝﺍ ﻕﺭﻁ، ﻥﺎﺤﺭﺴ ﺱﻴﺭﺩﺇ ﺔﻌﻤﺎﺠ ﺔﻁﻭﻁﺨﻤ ﻩﺍﺭﻭﺘﻜﺩ ﺱﺎﻓ ،ﷲﺍ ﺩﺒﻋ ﻥﺒ ﺩﻤﺤﻤ ﻱﺩﻴﺴ / ، ﺏﺭﻐﻤﻝﺍ 2000 ﺹ : 98 . 2 – ﺕﻭﺭﻴﺒ ﺕﺎﺒﺎﺘﻜ ﺭﺍﺩ ، ﺔﻴﻤﺩﻝﺍ ﻭ ﻙﺭﺤﻤﻝﺍ ، ﻥﻤﻴﻬﻤﻝﺍ ﺩﻘﺘﻌﻤﻝﺍ ،ﻡﻫﺩﺃ ﻲﻤﺎﺴ / ﻁ ﻥﺎﻨﺒﻝ 1 / 2000 ﺹ ، : 134 3 – ﺹ ، ﺓﺭﻬﻤﺠﻝﺍ : 11

ﺍﺫﻜ ﻭ ، ﻡﻬﺼﺍﻭﺨ ﻭ ﻪﻴﺠﺘﻨﻤ ﻥﻋ ﺙﻴﺩﺤﻝﺍ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﺏﺎﺘﻜﻝﺎﺒ ﻑﻴﺭﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﻡﺘﻴ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺭﺜﺃ ﻹﺍ ﺝﺎﺘﻨ ﻲﻘﻠﺘﻝﺍ ﺭﺌﺍﻭﺩ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻋﻭﻤﺠﻤ ﻲﻓ ﻥﻴﺠﺘﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ ﺙﻴﺩﺤﻝﺍ ﻥﺇ ؛ ﺄﻴ ﻡﻬﻴﻠﻋ ﺩﺌﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻤﻀﻝﺍ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻌﺴﺍﻭ ﺓﺭﺅﺒ ﺫﺨ ) ، ﻡﻫﺭﺎﻌﺸﺃ ، ﻡﻬﺘﻨﺴﻝﺃ ﻡﻬﻴﻝﺇ .( ﻥﺇ ﺔﻴﺼﺎﺨﺒ ﻥﻭﻌﺘﻤﺘﻴ ﻥﻴﺫﻝﺍ ﺏﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﻡﻫ ﺏﺎﺘﻜﻝﺍ ﻪﻴﻭﺤﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﻲﺠﺘﻨﻤ ﻡﻬﺘﻨﺴﻝﺄﺒ ﻥﺁﺭﻘﻝﺍ لﻭﺯﻨ . ﻥﺇ ﷲﺍ ﻪﺒ ﺎﻨﺒﻁﺎﺨ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻥﺎﺴﻠﻝﺍ ﺱﻔﻨ ﻭﻫ ﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﻥﺎﺴﻝ ﺇ ﻪﻜﺍﺭﺘﺸﺎﺒ ﻊﺘﻤﺘﻴ ﻪﻨ ﺔﺴﺩﻘﻤ ﺔﻐﻝ ﻊﻤ ﺎﻫﺭﺎﺘﺨﺍ ﻭﻜﺘﻝ ﷲﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﺸﺒﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺒ ﺏﻁﺎﺨﻴ ﺔﻐﻝ ﺭﺨﺁ ﻥ ؛ ﺩﻗ ﻭ ﻑﻠﺨﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺹﻭﺼﻨﻝﺍ لﻌﻓ ﻲﻓ ﺔﺴﺍﺩﻘﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺭﺜﺃ ﻰﻠﺠﺘ : 1 -ﺭﺎﺜﺁ ﺍ ﺔﻴﺠﺎﺘﻨﺇ : ﻋ ﻰﻠ ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﺫﺇ ﺕﻘﺘﺸﺍ ﻡﻫﺭﺎﻌﺸﺃ ﻥﻤ ﻅﺎﻔﻝﻷﺍ 2 -ﺭﺎﺜﺁ ﺍ ﺔﻴﺠﺎﺠﺤ : ﺎﻔﻴﻅﻭﺘ ﻑﻅﻭﺘ ﺔﺠﺘﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺹﻭﺼﻨﻝﺎﻓ ﺎﻴﺩﺎﻬﺸﺘﺴﺍ ﻲﻨﺎﻌﻤ ﻲﻓ ﺙﻴﺩﺤﻝﺍ . 3 -ﺭﺎﺜﺁ ﺍ ﺔﻴﻗﻼﺨﺃ : ﻲﻓ ﺩﺴﺠﺘﺘ ﺔﻤﻜﺤﻝﺍ ﺔﺒﺴﻨ ﺏﺭﻌﻠﻝ ﺏﺍﺩﻵﺍ ﻭ . ﻥﺇ ﻻﺍ ﺝﺎﺘﻨ ﻱﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻴﺴﺘ ﻲﻓ ﻙﻝﺫﻜ ﺭﺜﺅﻴ ﺓﺭﻬﻤﺠﻝﺍ ﺏﺎﺘﻜ ﻪﻤﻀ ﻻﺍ ﺝﺎﺘﻨ ﺔﻴﻝﺍﻭﻤ ﺔﻨﻤﺯﻷ ﻱﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ " ﻡﻫﺩﻌﺒ ﺀﺍﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺩﺤﺃ ﺩﺠﻭﻴ ﻡﻝ ﻻﺇ ﻼﻝ ﺍﺭﻁﻀﻤ ﻡﻬﻅﺎﻔﻝﺃ ﻥﺴﺎﺤﻤ ﻥﻤ ﺱﻼﺘﺨ " 1 . ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﺸﻴ ﻩﻼﻋﺃ ﺭﻭﻜﺫﻤﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺔﻨﻤﺯﺃ ﻲﻓ ﺹﻭﺼﻨﻝﺍ ﻙﻠﺘ ﻲﻘﻠﺘ ﺔﻴﻝﺎﺘ ﺔﻴﺩﻌﺒ ﺝﺎﺘﻨﻹﺍ لﻌﻔﻝ ﺴﺄﺘ ﺩﻗ ﻭ ﺱ ﻲﻘﻠﺘﻝﺍ لﻌﻓ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻴﺩﺼﻗ ﻡﺍﺩﺨﺘﺴﺍ ﺹﻭﺼﻨﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻤﻋ ﺔﻴﻠ ﺍ ﻡﻀﺘ ﺓﺩﻴﺩﺠ ﺔﻴﺭﻌﺸ ﺹﻭﺼﻨ ﺝﺎﺘﻨ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻀﻌﺒ ﺓﺩﻴﺩﺠﻝﺍ ﺹﻭﺼﻨﻝﺍ ﺹﻭﺼﻨﻝﺍ ﺢﻤﻼﻤ ﺔﺴﺴﺅﻤ ﺔﺜﺩﺤﺘﺴﻤ ﺎﺨﺴﻨ ﻭﺩﻐﺘﻓ ﺔﻴﻠﺼﻷﺍ ﻡﺎﻅﻨ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻲﻠﻴ ﺎﻤ ﻕﻓﻭ ﻲﻠﺼﺍﻭﺘ : 1 – ﺹ ﺓﺭﻬﻤﺠﻝﺍ : 11 .

ﺭﺨﺁ ﻱﺭﻌﺸ ﺹﻨ ﺭﻋﺎﺸ ﻱﺭﻌﺸ ﺹﻨ ﺭﻋﺎﺸ ﻝﺍ لﻭﺤﺘﻴﻝ ﻥﻴﺼﻨﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ لﺼﺍﻭﺘ ﺹﺎﻨﺘ ﻰﻝﺇ . ﺢﻠﺘ ﺼﺍﻭﺘﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﻜﻓ ـ ﻨﻴﻓ ﺓﺭﻬﻤﺠﻝﺍ ﺏﺤﺎﺼ ﻰﻠﻋ ل ـ ﺼﺍﻭﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻬﻠﻘ ـ ل ﻱﺭﺸﺒ / ﻱﺭﺸﺒ ﻲﺼﻨ لﺼﺍﻭﺘ ﻰﻝﺇ / ﻲﺼﻨ ، ﺼﺍﻭﺘﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻻﻭﺼﻭ ـ ل ﺇ ﻬﻝ ـ ﻲ / ﻱﺭﺸﺒ ، ﻕﻴﻘﺤﺘﻝ ﺕﺎﻴﻝﻵﺍ ﺢﺠﻨﺃ ﺭﻴﺨﻷﺍ ﺝﺫﻭﻤﻨﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻨﻴﺒﻤ لﺼﺍﻭﺘﻝﺍ ﺡﺎﺠﻨ ؛ ﺍ ﺩﻤﻌﻴ ﺏﺎﻁﺨﻝﺍ ﻲﻓﺭﻁ ﻥﻴﺒ ﻊﺴﺎﺸﻝﺍ ﻥﻭﺒﻝﺍ ﻡﻏﺭﻓ ﷲ ﻤ ﻪﻔﺼﻭﺒ ﺴ ﺎﻬﻝ لﻔﻜﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺭﺼﺎﻨﻌﻝﺍ ﺩﻴﺩﺤﺘ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺔﻴﻠﺼﺍﻭﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻬﻝ ﺍﺭﻴ ﻑﻴﺭﻌﺘ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻰﻠﺠﺘﻴ ، ﺡﺎﺠﻨﻝﺍ ﺒﺃ ﻲ ﺩﻴﺯ ﻡﻴﺭﻜﻝﺍ ﻥﺁﺭﻘﻠﻝ " ﻡﻼﻜ ﻥﺁﺭﻘﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺤﺼﻓﺃ ﻥﺎﺴﻝ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺎﻬﻅﻔﻠﺒ ﺏﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﻪﺒ ﺏﻁﺎﺨ لﺠﻭ ﺯﻋ ﷲﺍ " 1 . ﺔﺒﻁﺎﺨﻤﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻡﻭﻘﺘ ﺔﻝﺎﺴﺭ ﻥﺁﺭﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﺇ ﻡﺍﺩﺨﺘﺴﺎﺒ ﺎﻴﻝﺁ ﺕ ﻙﻝﺫ ﻲﻓ ﺩﻋﺎﺴﺘ ﻤﺘ ﻁﻴﺴﻭﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻜﻭ ،ﺔﻝﺎﺴﺭﻝﺎﺒ ﺍﻭﺒﻁﻭﺨ ﻥﻴﺫﻝﺍ ﻡﻭﻘﻝﺍ ﺔﻐﻝ ﻲﻬﻓ ،ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺕﻠﺜ ﻥﺎﻜ ﺎﻤﻜ ﻡﻬﺴﻔﻨﺃ ﻡﻭﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻥﺎﻜ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻭ ﺔﻝﺎﺴﺭﻝﺍ لﺼﻭﺃ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻴ ﻡﻬﻠﻀﻔ ﻪﺘﺤﺎﺼﻔﺒ . ﺡﺭﻁﻴ ﺹﻨﻝﺎﻓ ﻪﻴﻠﻋﻭ لﺎﻜﺸﺇ ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﺩﻴﺤﻭﺘ ، ﺡﺎﺠﻨ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﻲﻓ ﻙﻝﺫ ﺭﺜﺃ ﻭ لﺼﺍﻭﺘﻝﺍ ؛ ﺱﺠﺎﻫ ﺏﻴﺭﻗ ﻥﻤﺯ ﻰﺘﺤ لﻅ ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﺩﻴﺤﻭﺘﻓ ﻴﺭﻴﺜﻜﻝﺍ ﻥ ﺫﺇ ﺭﻬﻅ ﻲﻌﺴﻝﺍ ﺀﺎﺸﻨﻹ ﻷﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﻜ ﺓﺩﺤﻭﻤ ﺔﻴﻋﺎﻨﺼ ﺔﻐﻝ ﻭﺘﻨﺭﺒﺴ ، ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﺭﻅﻨ ﺎﻤﻨﻴﺒ ﺔﻔﻝﺎﺨﻤ ﺓﺭﻅﻨ ﺔﻴﻀﻘﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻬﻝ ﻲﻨﺁﺭﻘﻝﺍ ﺫﺇ ﺔﻨﺴﻝﺃ ﻑﻼﺘﺨﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻰﻘﺒﺃ ﻡﺍﻭﻗﻷﺍ 1 – ﺓﺭﻬﻤﺠﻝﺍ ، ﺹ : 11 ﺞﺘﻨﻴ ﻩﺎﻘﻠﺘﻴ ﺞﺘﻨﻴ ﻕﺒﺎﺴﻝﺍ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﻡﺩﺨﺘﺴﻴ ﺩﻴﺩﺠ ﺹﻨ ﺝﺎﺘﻨﻻ

ﺌﺎﻗ ـ ﺏﺎﻁﺨﻝﺍ ﺔﻐﻝ ﺭﻴﻏ ﻭ ، ﻡ لﺠﻭ ﺯﻋ لﺎﻗ ﻡﻬﻴﻝﺇ لﺴﺭﻤﻝﺍ ﺏﺴﺤ " ﻭ ﻤ َـ ﺎ َﺃ ﺭ ْ ﺴ ﺒﻴﻝ ﻪﻤﻭﻗ ﻥﺎﺴﻠﺒ ﻻﺇ لﻭﺴﺭ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻨﻠ ﻴ ﻡﻬﻝ ﻥ " 1 . ﺔﻴﻀﻘﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻬﻝ لﻴﻝﺩﺘﻝﺍ ﻡﺘﻴ ﻭ ﺔﻤﺌﺎﻗ ﺔﻴﻠﻘﻋ ﻯﺭﺨﺃ ﻭ ﺔﻘﺒﺎﺴﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻵﺎﻜ ﻪﻴﻠﻘﻨ ﺔﻝﺩﺄﺒ ﺭﻤﻸﻝ لﻴﺜﻤﺘﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ؛ " ﻥﺎﺴﻠﺒ ﻡﻼﺴﻝﺍ ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﻰﺴﻭﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺓﺍﺭﻭﺘﻝﺍ لﺯﻨﺃ ﺩﻘﻓ ﻰﻠﻋ لﻴﺠﻨﻹﺍ لﺯﻨﺃ ﻙﻝﺫﻜ ﻭ ، ﺔﻴﻤﺠﻋﻷﺍ ﻡﻬﻨﺎﺴﻝ ﺕﻨﺎﻜ ﺫﺇ لﻴﺌﺍﺭﺴﺇ ﻲﻨﺒ ﻪﻤﻭﻗ ﻡﻼﺴﻝﺍ ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﻰﺴﻴﻋ ﺓﺍﺭﻭﺘﻝﺍ ﻅﻔﻝ ﻪﻅﻔﻝ لﻜﺎﺸﻴ ﻻ ﻑﻼﺘﺨﻻ ﻰﺴﻭﻤ ﻡﻭﻗ ﻥﺎﺴﻝ ﻰﺴﻴﻋ ﻭ " 2 . ﻥﺇ ﺔﻝﺩﻷﺍ ﺓﺭﻭﻜﺫﻤﻝﺍ ﻩﻼﻋﺃ ﻭ ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﺩﻴﺤﻭﺘ لﻭﺤ ﺎﻫﺭﺎﻀﺤﺘﺴﺍ ﺒﺃ ﻑﺭﻁ ﻥﻤ ﻲ ﻲﻫ ﻲﺸﺭﻘﻝﺍ ﺩﻴﺯ ﺀﺎﻤﻴﺇ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻥﺃ ﺝﺎﺘﺤﻴ لﺎﻌﻔﻝﺍ لﺼﺍﻭﺘﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻭﺘﻓ ﺏﻁﺎﺨﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻐﻝ ﻲﻓ ﻙﺍﺭﺘﺸﻻﺍ ﺩﺤ ﺏﺎﻁﺨﻝﺍ لﺴﺭﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﺍﻭﻗﻷﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﺒ ﻲﻬﻝﻹﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻑﺩﻬﻴ ﻡﻬﻴﻝﺇ : لﺴﺭﻤﻝﺍ ﺩﺼﻗ ﻕﻴﻘﺤﺘ " ﻑﺸﻜﻨﺘ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ لﺎﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻫ ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺎﻓ ﺭﻘﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺩﺼﻘﻝﺍ ﻪﻴﻓ ﺎﻫﺭﻫﺎﻅﻤ ﻰﻠﺠﺄﺒ لﺼﺍﻭﺘﻝﺎﺒ ﺔﻨﻭ " 3 . ﺭﺒﻋ ﺩﻗﻭ ﻲﻬﻝﻹﺍ ﺏﺎﻁﺨﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ ﻓﻷﺍ ﻙﻭﻠﺴ ﺭﻴﻴﻐﺘ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻡﺌﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﻭ ﻩﺩﺼﻗ ـ ﺩﺍﺭ ﻭ ﺤ ﻡﺎﻅﻨ ﺭﺒﻋ ﺩﻴﺩﺠﻝﺍ ﺩﻘﺘﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺦﻴﺴﺭﺘ ﻭ ﻕﺒﺎﺴﻝﺍ ﺩﻘﺘﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻴﻐﺘ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻡﻬﻠﻤ ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﻩﺩﻝﻭﺘ ﻲﺠﺎﺠﺤ لﺼﺍﻭﺘﻝﺍ ﺭﺼﺎﻨﻋ ﻭ ﺔﻬﺠ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻬﺠ ﻥﻤ ،ﻯﺭﺨﺃ ﻓ ﻬﻨﻜﻝ ﻭ ﺔﻤﻬﻤ ﺔﻴﻀﻗ ﺏﻁﺎﺨﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻐﻝ ﻲﻓ ﻙﺍﺭﺘﺸﻻﺎ ﺎﻫﺩﻀﻌﻴ ﺎﻤﻝ ﺔﺠﺎﺤ ﻲﻓ ﺎ ﻁﻴﺴﻭﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﺩ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺭﻴﺸﺃ ﺩﻗ ﻭ لﺼﺍﻭﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﺡﺎﺠﻨﻹ ﻪﺘﻴﻤﻫﺃ ﻭ ﻪﻠﻫﺅﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻔﺼﺍﻭﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺎﻓ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ لﻭﺴﺭﻝ ﻩﺭﺎﺘﺨﺍ ﻪﻨﻴﺒ ﺔﻁﺴﺍﻭ ﻥﻭﻜﻴﻝ ﷲﺍ ﻥﻴﺒﻭ ﻡﻬﻠﻀﻔﻴ ﺭﺸﺒﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻪﻨﻜﻤﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﻪﺘﺤﺎﺼﻔﺒ ﺔﻨﺎﺒﺇ ﻰﻌﺴ ﺎﻤ ﻪﻴﻝﺇ ، لﻌﻝ ﻭ ﺔﻴﻭﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﺩﻘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻫﺃ ﺓﻭﻋﺩ ﻲﻓ ﺭﺜﻜﺃ ﻰﻠﺠﺘﺘ ﻁﻴﺴﻭﻠﻝ ﻥﻤ ﻡﺯﻠﻴ ﺎﻤﺒ ﻩﺩﻴﻭﺯﺘﻝ ﻡﻼﺴﻝﺍ ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﻰﺴﻭﻤ 1 – ﻡﻴﻫﺍﺭﺒﺇ ﺓﺭﻭﺴ ، ﺔﻴﻵﺍ : 4 . 2 – ،ﺓﺭﻬﻤﺠﻝﺍ ﺹ : 12 3 – ﻴﺒﻝﺍ ﺭﺍﺩ ، ﻲﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﻲﻓﺎﻘﺜﻝﺍ ﺯﻜﺭﻤﻝﺍ ، ﻥﺍﺯﻴﻤﻝﺍ ﻭ ﻥﺎﺴﻠﻝﺍ ، ﻥﻤﺤﺭﻝﺍ ﺩﺒﻋ ﻪﻁ ـ ﺀﺎﻀ / ﻁ ﺏﺭﻐﻤﻝﺍ 1 / 1997 ﺹ : 259

ﻪﻤﻭﻗ ﻥﻴﺒ ﻭ ﻪﻨﻴﺒ لﻋﺎﻔﺘﻝﺍ ﻕﻘﺤﺘﻴﻝ ﺔﻴﻨﺎﺴﻠﻝﺍ ﺕﻼﻫﺅﻤﻝﺍ ﻴ ﻋ ﷲﺍ لﻭﻘ ـ ﺯ ﺠﻭ ـ ل " ﻱﺭﺪﺻ ﻲﻟ ﺡﺮﺷﺍ ﺏﺭ ﻝﺎﻗ ﻱﺭﺪﺻ ﻲﻟ ﺡﺮﺷﺍ ﺏﺭ ﻝﺎﻗ ﻱﺭﺪﺻ ﻲﻟ ﺡﺮﺷﺍ ﺏﺭ ﻝﺎﻗ ﻱﺭﺪﺻ ﻲﻟ ﺡﺮﺷﺍ ﺏﺭ ﻝﺎﻗ **** ﻭﻭﻭﻭ ﺴﻳ ﺴﻳ ﺴﻳ ﺴﻳ ــــ ﻟ ﺮ ﻟ ﺮﻟ ﺮ ﻟ ﺮ ــــ ﻣﺃ ﻲ ﻣﺃ ﻲﻣﺃ ﻲ ﻣﺃ ﻲ ــــ ﻱﺮ ﻱﺮﻱﺮ ﻱﺮ **** ﻠﺣﺍ ﻭ ﻠﺣﺍ ﻭ ﻠﺣﺍ ﻭ ﻠﺣﺍ ﻭ ــــ ﻞ ﻞ ﻞ ﻞ ﻘﻋ ﻘﻋ ﻘﻋ ﻘﻋ ــــ ﻣ ﺓﺪ ﻣ ﺓﺪ ﻣ ﺓﺪ ﻣ ﺓﺪ ــــ ﺴﻟ ﻦ ﺴﻟ ﻦ ﺴﻟ ﻦ ﺴﻟ ﻦ ــــ ﻧﺎﻧﺎﻧﺎﻧﺎ ــــ ﻘﻔﻳ ﻲ ﻘﻔﻳ ﻲ ﻘﻔﻳ ﻲ ﻘﻔﻳ ﻲ ﻬﻬﻬﻬ ــــ ﺍﻮ ﺍﻮ ﺍﻮ ﺍﻮ ﻟﻮﻗ ﻟﻮﻗﻟﻮﻗ ﻟﻮﻗ ــــ ﻲ ﻲﻲ ﻲ " 1 . ﻥﺫﺇ ﺍﺩﺎﻤﺘﻋﺍ ﺎﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺭﻤ ﱠ ﻭ ﺍﺩﺎﻘﺘﻋﺍ ﺎﻤ ﻥﺃ ﺭﻀﺤﺘﺴﺍ ﺔﻤﺩﻘﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻴ ﺴ ﺘ ﺭﻀﺤ ﻝ ﺎﻤ ﺩﺼﻘ ، ﺎﻨﻝ ﻕﺤﻴ ﺽﺍﺭﺘﻓﺍ لﺼﺍﻭﺘﻝﺍ ﺝﺫﻭﻤﻨ ﺩﻭﺭﻭ ﺇ ﻲﻬﻝ / ﻱﺭﺸﺒ ، ﻲﻓ ﺎﻤ ﺩﺼﻘﻝ ﺓﺭﻬﻤﺠﻝﺍ ، ﻥﻭﻜﻴ ﻥﺃ لﻤﺘﺤﻴ ﺀﺎﻤﻴﺇ ﻥﻤ ﺒﺃ ﻲ ﻲﺸﺭﻘﻝﺍ ﺩﻴﺯ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻰﻠﺠﺘﻴ ﻪﻴﻘﻠﺘﻤ ﻭ ﺏﺎﻁﺨﻝﺍ ﺞﺘﻨﻤ ﻥﻴﺒ ﻙﺭﺘﺸﻤ ﻱﻭﻐﻝ ﺀﺎﻀﻓ ﺩﻭﺠﻭ ﺏﻭﺠﻭ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻱﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﺡﺭﺸ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﺭﺜﻜﺃ ﺩﺼﻘﻝﺍ ﺍﺩﺎﻤﺘﻋﺍ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻬﺒﻨﻤ ﻲﻨﺁﺭﻘﻝﺍ لﻭﺤﻴ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﺎﻴﺎﻔﺨ ﺽﻌﺒ ﻰﻝﺇ لﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻤﻝﺍ لﻋﺎﻔﺘﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ لﻭﺼﻭﻝﺍ ﻥﻭﺩ ﺎﻬﻠﻬﺠ لﻭﻤﺄ ﻴﺒ ـ ﺘﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﻥ ـ ﻲﻘﻠﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻭ ﺞ . ﻬﻤ ﺔﻴﻠﺼﺍﻭﺘ ﺎﻴﺎﻀﻗ ﻥﻋ ﺙﻴﺩﺤﻝﺍ ﺭﻤﻀﺃ ﺓﺭﻬﻤﺠﻝﺍ ﺏﺎﺘﻜﺒ ﻑﻴﺭﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﺇ ـ ﺔﻤ ﺎﻫﻭﺠﻭ ﻱﺭﺍﻭﻴ ﻭ ﻪﺠﻭ ﻥﻋ ﺢﺼﻔﻴ ﻪﺠﻭﺃ لﺎﻤﺤ ﻡﻼﻜﻝﺎﻓ ﻙﻝﺫ ﻲﻓ ﻭﺭﻏ ﻻ ﻭ ﻝﺍ ﻲﻘﻠﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺏﻁﺎﺨﻤﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻭ ﻯﺭﺨﺃ ﺼﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ ﻕﺫﺤ ـ ﻥﻤ ﺩ ﻜﺘﻝﺍ ـ ﻡﻠ ، ﺍﺫﻫ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺱﺎﺴﻷﺍ ﺭﺎﻌﺸﺃ ﺓﺭﻬﻤﺠ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﺭﺜﻨﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﺩﻘﻤﻝﺍ ﺩﻭﺠﻭ ﺢﺒﺼﻴ ﺩﺼﻘﻝ ﺀﺎﻀﻓ ﺏﺭﻌﻝﺍ ، ﻊﻤ لﻋﺎﻔﺘﻠﻝ ﻲﻘﻠﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻀﺤﺘ ﻪﻨﺃ لﻤﺘﺤﻴ ﻭﺃ ﻭﺩﺒﻴ ﺎﻤ ﻗ ﺕﺎﺒﺘﻌﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻋﻭﻤﺠﻤ ﺭﺒﻋ ﺔﺠﺘﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺹﻭﺼﻨﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﺌﺎ لﻭﺤ ﻊﻀﺍﻭﺘﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻱﺩﺅﻴ ﺩﻗ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻭﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﺎﻴﺎﻀﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻋﻭﻤﺠﻤ ﺎﻬﻠﻬﺠ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻡﻬﻔﻝﺍ ﺀﻭﺴ " ﺫﺇ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻡﻠﻜﺘﻤﻝﺍ ٌ ﺓﺎﻋﺍﺭﻤ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻋﻭﻤﺠﻤ ﺭﺎﺒﺘﻋﻻﺍ ﻥﻴﻌﺒ ﺫﺨﺃ ﻭ ﺏﻁﺎﺨﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺩﻗ ﻡﻬﻔﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻩﺩﻋﺎﺴﺘ ﺩﻗ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ لﻤﺍﻭﻌﻝﺍ " 2 ؛ ﻓ ﻥﻤ ﻥﻜﻤﻴ ﺩﻴﺠﻝﺍ ﻡﻬﻔﻝﺎ ﺔﻤﺎﻗﺇ ﺕﺎﻗﻼﻋ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺔﻴﺭﺍﻭﺤ ﻑﺍﺭﻁﻷﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﻉﻭﻨﺘﺘ ﻭ ﺭﺍﻭﺤﻝﺍ ﺩﺼﺎﻘﻤ ﻥﻴﺎﺒﺘﺘ ﺔﺒﻁﺎﺨﺘﻤﻝﺍ 1 – ﺔﻴﻵﺍ، ﻪﻁ ﺓﺭﻭﺴ : 27،26،25 . 2 – ﻔﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺠﻬﻨﻤ ﻭ ﺭﺍﻭﺤﻝﺍ ، ﻲﻫﺎﺒﻝﺍ ﻥﺎﺴﺤ ـ ﺀﺎﻀﻴﺒﻝﺍ ﺭﺍﺩﻝﺍ ﻕﺭﺸﻝﺍ ﺎﻴﻘﻴﺭﻓﺇ ﺭﺍﺩ، ﻱﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻜ / ﺏﺭﻐﻤﻝﺍ ﻁ 1 / 2004 ﺹ، : 118

ﻹ ﻡﻠﻜﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻪﻴﺠﻭﺘ ﻭﺃ ، ﺎﻤ لﺎﻌﻓﺃ ﺯﺎﺠﻨ ﻪﻋﺎﻨﻗﺇ ﺒ ﻲﻝﺎﺘﻝﺎﺒ ﻭ لﺎﻌﻓﺃ ﻭﺃ ﺭﺎﻜﻓﺄ ﺔﻴﻝﺎﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺒﺘﻌﻝﺍ ﺩﺼﺭﻨ ﻥﺃ ﻥﻜﻤﻴ : 1 -ﻓﻹﺍ ﺔﺒﺘﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﺎﻬ 2 ﺔﻴﺭﺍﻭﺤﻝﺍ ﺔﺒﺘﻌﻝﺍ 3 ﺔﻴﻬﻴﺠﻭﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﺒﺘﻌﻝﺍ 4 -ﺔﻴﺠﺎﺠﺤﻝﺍ ﺔﺒﺘﻌﻝﺍ . ﻥﺇ ﻴ ﺕﺎﺒﺘﻌﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻥﻴﺒ لﺼﻔﻝﺍ ﻭﻔﻬ ﻝ ﺉﺭﺎﻘﻠﻝ ﺎﻬﺒﻴﺭﻘﺘ ﻭ ﺎﻬﺤﻴﻀﻭﺘ ﺎﻬﻨﻷ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻠﺨﺍﺩﺘﻤ ﺱﺎﺴﻷﺍ ﺫﺇ ﻗﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ـ ﺤﺍﻭﻝﺍ ﻲﻠﺼﺍﻭﺘﻝﺍ ﻑ ـ ﻊﻤﺘﺠﻴ ﺩﻗ ﺩ ﻬﻓﻹﺍ ـ ﻡﺎ ﺭﻭﻀﺤ ﺔﻴﺠﺎﺠﺤﻝﺍ ﺔﺒﺘﻌﻠﻝ ﻥﺃ ﺎﻤﻜ ، ﺝﺎﺠﺤﻝﺍ ﻭ ﻪﻴﺠﻭﺘﻝﺍ ﻭ ﻲﻓ ﺍ ﻑﻠﺘﺨﻤ ﺭﺎﺒﺘﻋﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺕﺎﺒﺘﻌﻝﺍ " ﺔﺠﺤ ﻭﻫ ﺍﺩﺤﺍﻭ ﺎﻅﻔﻝ ﻥﺎﻜ ﻭﻝ ﻭ ﻰﺘﺤ لﻭﻗ لﻜ ﻥﺃ ﺎﻫﺭﺼﺎﻨﻋ ﺩﺤﺃ ﻑﺫﺤ " 1 . 1 – ﻥﺎﻤﺤﺭﻝﺍ ﺩﺒﻋ ﻪﻁ ﺹ ،ﻥﺍﺯﻴﻤﻝﺍ ﻭ ﻥﺎﺴﻠﻝﺍ ، : 255

ﺔﺒﺘﻌﻝﺍ ﻹﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﺎﻬﻓ : ﺎﻤ ﺹﻨ ﻊﻤ لﺼﺍﻭﺘﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﻬﻤﺠﻝﺍ ﻕﻘﺤﻴﻝ ، ﺎﻴﺎﺒﺨﻝﺍ ﺽﻌﺒ ﺔﻓﺭﻌﻤ ﻥﻤ ﺩﺒﻻ ﻡﺩﻋ لﻭﺤﻴ ﺎﺨﻓ لﻜﺸﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻭﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﻡﺜ ﻥﻤ ﻭ ﻡﻬﻔﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﺎﻜﻤﺇ ﻥﻭﺩ ﻪﻜﺍﺭﺩﺇ لﺼﺍﻭﺘﻝﺍ ﻕﻴﻘﺤﺘ ﻥﻭﺩ . ﻥﺇ ﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺩﻘﻋ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺱﺴﺄﺘﺘ لﺼﺍﻭﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ ـ ﻡﻠﻜ ﺔﻨﻴﻌﻤ ﺕﺍﺭﻔﺸ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻊﻀﺍﻭﺘﻝﺍ ﻪﻝﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﻡﺘﻴ ﺏﻁﺎﺨﻤﻝﺍ ﻭ ، ﺍﺫﻫ ﻥﻜﻝ ﻭ ﻭﺎﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﻥ ﻤﺌﺎﻗ ﺱﻴﻝ ﺏﻁﺎﺨﻤﻝﺍ ﻭ ﻡﻠﻜﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺎ لﺍﻭﺤﻷﺍ لﻜ ﻲﻓ ؛ ﻥﻜﻤﻴ لﺒ ﻭﺴ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻱﺩﺅﻴ لﻜﺸﺒ ﻪﻤﻼﻜ ﻲﻨﺒﻴ ﻥﺃ ﻡﻠﻜﺘﻤﻠﻝ لﻜﺸﺒ ﻙﻝﺫ ﻥﻭﻜﻴ ﻭ لﻴﻭﺄﺘﻝﺍ ﺀ ﺏﻁﺎﺨﻤﻠﻝ ﻥﻜﻤﻴ ﺎﻤﻜ ، ﺩﻭﺼﻘﻤ ﺭﻴﻏ ﻭﺃ ﺩﻭﺼﻘﻤ " ﻰﻠﻋ لﻭﻘﻝﺍ ﺀﺎﻨﺒ ﺩﻴﻌﻴ ﻥﺃ ﻡﻠﻜﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻪﻝﺎﻗ ﺎﻤ ﺎﻗﻼﻁﻨﺍ ﻡﻬﻓ ﻥﻤ ﺴ ﻡﻠﻜﺘﻤﻠﻝ ﺩﻭﺼﻘﻤ ﺭﻴﻏ ﻭﺃ ﺩﻭﺼﻘﻤ ﺀﻲ " 1 ﻑﺍﺭﻁﻷﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺭﺍﻭﺤﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﺌﺍﺩ ﻊﺴﺘﺘ ﻭ ﻡﻬﻔﻝﺍ ﺀﻭﺴ ﺔﺠﺭﺩ لﻘﺘ ﻰﺘﺤ ﻭ ﺔﺒﻁﺎﺨﺘﻤﻝﺍ  ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻝﻵﺍ ﺽﻌﺒ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺓﺩﺎﻋ ﺄﺠﻠﻴ ﺍ ﺸ ﺘﻘ ﺎﻬﻨﻤ ﺎﻀﻌﺒ ﺓﺭﻬﻤﺠﻝﺍ ﺕ ﻥﺃ ﺫﺇ ﺡﺭﺸﻝﺎﺒ ﻡﺎﻬﻓﻹﺎﻜ ﺔﻴﻤﺎﻬﻓﻻﺍ ﺔﺒﺘﻌﻝﺎﺒ ﻕﻠﻌﺘﻴ ﺎﻤﻴﻓ " ﺔﻴﺭﺍﻭﺤﻝﺍ ﺕﻼﻋﺎﻔﺘﻝﺍ ﺩﺍﺭﻓﻷﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﻰﻨﺒﺘ ﺭﻴﻴﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺭﺒﺘﻌﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺡﺭﺎﺸﺘﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺎﻬﻨﻤ ﺀﺯﺠ ﻲﻓ لﺼﺍﻭﺘﻝﺍ لﻭﺼﺤﻝ ﺔﻴﺴﺎﺴﻷﺍ " 2 . ﻥﺇ ﻥﻜﻤﻴ ﺔﻴﻭﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﺩﻋﺍﻭﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻠﻤﺠﺒ ﻥﺭﺘﻘﻴ ﺡﺭﺸﻝﺍ ﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻬﻜﻼﺘﻤ ﺔﻝﺍﺯﺇ ﺒﺎﺒﻀﻝﺍ ﺽﻌﺒ ﻴ ﻴﻀﻭﺘﻠﻝ ﻭ ، ﺕﺎﺒﺎﻁﺨﻝﺍ ﻑﻠﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔ ﺜﻤﺘﻝﺎﺒ ﻥﺎﻌﺘﺴﻴ ﺭﺜﻜﺃ ﺢ ـ لﻴ " ﺴ ﺎﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺎﺴﻴﻘﻤ ﻩﺭﻴﻐﺒ ﺎﻘﻠﻌﺘﻤ ﺀﻲﺸﻝﺍ ﻥﺎﻜ ﺍﺫﺈﻓ ﻭ ﺎﻤ ﺭﻴﺨ ﻥﺎﻜ ﻩﺍ ﻥﺎﻌﺘﺴﻴ ﻑﺸﻜﻴ لﺎﺜﻤ ﻪﻝ ﻊﻀﻭﻴ ﻥﺃ ﺱﻭﻔﻨﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻩﺭﻴﺭﻘﺘ ﻭ ﻡﺎﻬﻓﻹﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻪﺒﻴﺭﻘﺘ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻪﺒ ﻤﻴ ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﺎﻤﺎﻤﺯ ﻥﻭﻜﻴ ﻭ ﻪﺒ ﺱﻨﺅﻴ ﻭ ﻪﻬﺠﻭ ﻥﻋ ـ ﻠﻋ ﻪﻜﺴ ـ ﻔﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻰ ـ ﻪﻝ ﻡﻬ ﻋ ﺏﻝﺎﻁﻝﺍ ﻭ ﻪﻤﻠ " 3 . 1 – ﻱﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻜﻔﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺠﻬﻨﻤ ﻭ ﺭﺍﻭﺤﻝﺍ ، ﻲﻫﺎﺒﻝﺍ ﻥﺎﺴﺤ ، ﺹ : 118 . 2 – ﺹ ﻪﺴﻔﻨ : 119 3 – ﻁ، ﺭﻜﺎﺸ ﺩﻤﺤﻤ ﺩﻭﻤﺤﻤ ﻡﻴﺩﻘﺘ ، ﺯﺎﺠﻋﻹﺍ لﺌﻻﺩ ،ﻲﻨﺎﺠﺭﺠﻝﺍ ﺭﻫﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﺩﺒﻋ 5 / 2004 ﺹ ، : 575

1 -ﺩﻴﻌﻘﺘﻝﺎﺒ ﻡﺎﻬﻓﻹﺍ : ﺕﺎﺠﺎﺤ ﻕﻓﻭ ﺔﻐﻠﻝ ﻲﻤﻜﻝﺍ ﻡﺍﺩﺨﺘﺴﻻﺎﺒ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻨﻋ ﻑﺸﻜﻴ ﺓﺩﻋﺎﻗ لﻭﺃ ﻕﻠﻌﺘﺘ ﺒﻁﺎﺨﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻴ ﺀﺎﻤﺩﻘﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﺸﺃ ﺩﻗ ﻭ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺏﻁﺎﺨﺘﻝﺍ ﺀﺎﻨﺜﺃ ﻲﻤﻜﻝﺍ لﻴﻠﻘﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻀﻗ ﺯﺎﺠﻴﻹﺍ ﻲﻫ ﺔﻏﻼﺒﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ لﻴﻗ ﻰﺘﺤ ، ﺔﻴﻀﻘﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺔﺜﻴﺩﺤﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﺕﺭﺎﺜﺃ ﻭ ﺡﺎﺠﻨﻹ ﺩﻋﺍﻭﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻠﻤﺠ ﻊﻀﻭ ﺭﺎﻁﺇ ﻲﻓ ﻊﻀﻭ ﺫﺇ لﺼﺍﻭﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ Grice ﻌﺒﺭﺃ ﺔ ﺩﻋﺍﻭﻗ ﺎﻫﺎﻤﺴ * ﺒﻤ ـ ﻥﻭﺎﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﺉﺩﺎ ) Coopirative Principal ( ، ﺔﻴﻤﻜﻝﺍ ﺃﺩﺒﻤ ﺎﻬﻨﻤ ) Maxim’s Quantity ( ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻡﻀﻴ ﻥﻴﻴﻋﺭﻓ ﻥﻴﺃﺩﺒﻤ ، ﺏﻁﺎﺨﺘﻝﺍ ﺀﺎﻨﺜﺃ ﻡﺩﻘﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﺘﺎﻤﻭﻠﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﻜﻝﺍ ﻥﺇ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻭ ﺏﻌﻠﻴ ﻕﻠﻌﺘﺘ ﻪﻤﻜﺤﺘ ﻁﻭﺭﺸﻝ ﻊﻀﺎﺨ ﻭﻫ ﻭ، لﻋﺎﻔﺘﻝﺍ ﻕﻴﻘﺤﺘ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻐﻝﺎﺒ ﺔﻴﻤﻫﺃ ﺍﺭﻁﻷﺎﺒ ﻑ ﻭ ﻊﻤﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻭ ﺔﻝﺎﺴﺭﻝﺍ ، ﻡﻠﻜﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻱﺃ لﺼﺍﻭﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻝ ﺔﻴﺴﺎﺴﻷﺍ ﻲﻝﺎﺘﻝﺍ لﺎﺜﻤﻝﺍ ﺫﺨﺄﻨ ﺭﺜﻜﺃ ﺢﻴﻀﻭﺘﻠﻝ : " ﺱﻴﻘﻝﺍ ﺉﺭﻤﺍ ﻥﺒ ﺭﻤﻌﻝ ﻱﺭﺎﺼﻨﻷﺍ لﺎﻗ : ﺤﻨ ـ ﻋ ﺎﻤﺒ ﻥ ـ ﻨﺃ ﻭ ﺎﻨﺩﻨ ـ ﻤﺒ ﺕ ـ ﺎ ﻨﻋ ـ ﻝﺍ ﻭ ﺽﺍﺭ ﻙﺩ ـ ﻠﺘﺨﻤ ﻱﺃﺭ ـ ﻑ ﺎﻤﺒ ﻥﺤﻨ ﺩﺍﺭﺃ لﻭﻷﺍ ﺭﺒﺨ ﻥﻋ ﻑﻜﻓ ﺽﺍﺭ ﻙﺩﻨﻋ ﺎﻤﺒ ﺕﻨﺃ ﻭ ﻥﻭﻀﺍﺭ ﺎﻨﺩﻨﻋ ﺇ ﻥﺎﻜ ﺍﺫ ﻩﺎﻨﻌﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ لﻴﻝﺩ ﺭﺨﻵﺍ ﻲﻓ " 1 ﻰﻝﺎﻌﺘ لﺎﻗ ﻭ ": ﻨﻴﻌﺘﺴﺍ ﻭ ـ ﻭ ﺍ ﻴﺒﻜﻝ ﺎﻬﻨﺇ ﻭ ﺓﻼﺼﻝﺍ ﻭ ﺭﺒﺼﻝﺎﺒ ـ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻻﺇ ﺓﺭ ﻥﻴﻌﺸﺎﺨﻝﺍ " 2 ﺔﻴﻝﺎﺘﻝﺍ ﺓﺩﻋﺎﻘﻝﺎﺒ ﺎﻬﻤﺘﺨﻴ ﻭ ﺔﻠﺜﻤﻷﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻋﻭﻤﺠﻤ ﺏﺎﺘﻜﻝﺍ ﺩﺭﻭﻴ " ﻥﻋ ﻑﻜ ﻁﺎﺨﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﻠﻌﻝ لﻭﻷﺍ ﺭﺒﺨ ـ ﺨﺩ ﺎﻤﻴﻓ لﺨﺍﺩ لﻭﻷﺍ ﻥﺄﺒ ﺏ ـ ﺨﻵﺍ ﻪﻴﻓ ل ـ ﺭ * لﺼﻔﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻪﻝﻭﺎﻨﺘ ﻡﺘﻴﺴ ﺕﻼﻴﺩﻌﺘ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻬﻴﻠﻋ ﺭﻬﻅ ﺎﻤ ﻭ ﺉﺩﺎﺒﻤﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻥﻋ ﺙﻴﺩﺤﻝﺍ ﻥﺇ ﻥﻤ ﺀﻲﺸﺒ ﻲﻨﺎﺜﻝﺍ لﻴﺼﻔﺘﻝﺍ 1 – ﺹ ﺓﺭﻬﻤﺠﻝﺍ : 13 2 – ﺔﻴﻵﺍ ،ﺓﺭﻘﺒﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﻭﺴ : 45

ﻰﻨﻌﻤ ﻥﻤ " 1 ؛ ﺘﺘ ﻭ ـ ﺓﺩﻋﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻕﻠﻌ ﺒ ﺘﻝﺎ ﻡﻭﻘﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻤﻭﻠﻌﻤﻠﻝ ﻲﻤﻜﻝﺍ لﻴﻠﻘ ﺏﻁﺎﺨﻤﻝﺍ لﺎﺤﻝ ﻡﻠﻜﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺓﺎﻋﺍﺭﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ ، ﻻ ﻁﻭﺭﺸﻝ ﺎﻌﻀﺎﺨ ﻑﺫﺤﻝﺍ ﻥﻭﻜﻴﻓ لﺨﺘ ﻨﻌﻤﻝﺎﺒ ﻰ ﺩﺤﻤ ﺜ ﻡﻠﻜﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻌﻨﺼﻴ ﺕﺍﻭﺠﻓ ﺎ ﺌﻁﺍﻭﺘﺒ ﻲ ﺏﻁﺎﺨﻤﻝﺍ ﻊﻤ ﺫﺇ ﻲﻓ ﻡﻠﻜﺘﻤﻝﺍ لﻭﺎﺤﻴ ﻊﻤﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻑﺭﻁﻝﺍ ﺔﻓﺭﻌﻤ ﻑﺫﺤﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻡﺌﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﻪﺼﻨ ﺀﺎﺸﻨﺇ ﺭﻗ ﺔﺠﻴﺘﻨ ﺎﻬﻠﺼﺤﻴ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺀﺍ ﻪﺘﺍ ﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺼﻨ ﺔﻴﺠﺭﺎﺨﻝﺍ ﻪﺘﺍﺭﺒﺨ ﻭﺃ ، . ﺓﺩﻋﺎﻗ ﺩﺭﻭﻴ ﺔﻘﺒﺎﺴﻝﺍ ﺓﺩﻋﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺔﻓﺎﻀﺇ ﻁﺒﺍﻭﺭﻝﺎﺒ ﺓﺭﻤﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻕﻠﻌﺘﺘ ﻯﺭﺨﺃ ﺓﺩﻋﺎﻘﺒ ﺎﻬﻁﺒﺭﻴ ﺎﻤﻜ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻫﺩﻭﺠﻭ ﺭﺜﺃ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺎﻬﺒﻨﻤ ،ﺕﺎﻴﺭﺎﺸﻹﺍ ﺩﺎﻴﺯﻝﺎﺒ ﻕﻠﻌﺘﻤ ﻪﺠﻭﺒ ﻥﻜﻝ ﻲﻤﻜﻝﺍ ﻡﺍﺩﺨﺘﺴﻻﺍ ﺓ ﺫﺤﻝﺎﺒ ﻻ ﻑ ﻝ ﻭ ؛ ﻠ ﺩﺭﻭﻨ ﺢﻴﻀﻭﺘ لﺎﺜﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﺘﻵﺍ : " ﻜﻭ ـ ﻗﺭﺎﻔﻤ ﺥﺃ ل ـ ﻤﻌﻝ ﻩﻭﺨﺃ ﻪ ـ ﻴﺒﺃ ﺭ ـ ﻙ ﺇ ﻻ ﺭﻔﻝﺍ ﻗ ـ ﺩ ﻥﺍ " 2 ﻥﺇ . – ﻻﺇ -ﻼﻝ ﺕﺴﻴﻝ ﺎﻨﻫ ﻗﺭﻔﻝﺍ ﻭ ﻡﻼﻜﻝﺍ لﺼﺄﻓ ﻁﺒﺭﻠﻝ ﺎﻤﻨﺇ ﻭ ﺀﺎﻨﺜﺘﺴ ﺩ ﻥﺍ . ﻭ ﻡﺍﺩﺨﺘﺴﺍ ﺓﺍﺩﻷﺍ ﻥﺎﻜ ﺎﻨﻫ ﺎﻤﺍﺩﺨﺘﺴﺍ ﺎﻴﺯﺎﺠﻤ ﻑﺭﺤﻨﺍ ﺓﺍﺩﻷﺎﺒ ﻥﻋ لﺼﺃ ﻪﻝﻭﺤ ﻭ ﺎﻬﻌﻀﻭ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺔﻝﻻﺩ ﻯﺭﺨﺃ . لﺩﺒﺘﺘ ﺩﻗ ﻑﺌﺎﻅﻭ ﺕﺍﻭﺩﻷﺍ ﺫﻤﻝﺍ لﺎﺜﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻤﻜ لﻭﺤﺘﺘﻝ ﺔﻴﻭﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﻩﻼﻋﺃ ﺭﻭﻜ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻝﻻﺩﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺀﺎﻨﺜﺘﺴﻻﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻁﺒﺭﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻝﻻﺩﻝﺍ ؛ ﻥﺇ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻝﻻﺩ ﺢﻴﺠﺭﺘ ﺏﺎﺴﺤ ﺃ ﺭﺨ ﻯ ﻪﻴﻓ ﺕﺩﺭﻭ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻕﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﻪﺤﻀﻭﻴ ﺓﺍﺩﻷﺍ ، ﻑﺸﻜﻴ ﺩﻗ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻭ ﺽﻌﺒ ﻑﺌﺎﻅﻭ لﻁﻌﺘ ﻥﻋ ﺕﺍﻭﺩﻷﺍ ﺎﻀﻴﺃ لﺠﻭ ﺯﻋ ﻪﻝﻭﻗ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻤﻜ : " ﻥﻴﻝﺎﻀﻝﺍ ﻻ ﻭ ﻡﻬﻴﻠﻋ ﺏﻭﻀﻐﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻏ " 3 ﻑ -ﻻ ﻰﻨﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻭ ﺓﺩﺌﺍﺯ " ﻏ ـ ﺭﻴ ﻐﻤﻝﺍ ﻀﻝﺍ ﻭ ﻡﻬﻴﻠﻋ ﺏﻭﻀ ـ ﻥﻴﻝﺎ " ﻀﺇ ـ ﺔﻓﺎ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻹﺍ لﺨﺩﺘ ﻁﺒﺍﻭﺭﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﺭﺎﺸ 1 – ﺓﺭﻬﻤﺠﻝﺍ ، ﺹ 13 2 – ﺹ ،ﻪﺴﻔﻨ 14 3 – ﺔﺤﺘﺎﻔﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﻭﺴ ، ﺔﻴﻵﺍ 07

ﻰﻝﺎﻌﺘ ﻪﻝﻭﻗ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻤﻜ ﻕﺎﻴﺴﻠﻝ ﺎﻌﺒﺘ ﺎﻬﺘﻝﻻﺩ لﺩﺒﺘﺘﻓ ﺯﻴﺤﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻲﻓ " ﻝﺃ ـ ﻙﻝﺫ ﻡ ﺏﺎﺘﻜﻝﺍ " 1 " ﻌﻴ ـ ﺏﺎﺘﻜﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻭﻫ ﻲﻨ " 2 . ﺭﻋﺎﺸﻝﺍ لﻭﻗ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻤﻜ ﻭﺃ : " ﺎﻬﻤﻴﻤﺼ ﺏﻴﺼﺃ ﺩﻗ ﻲﻠﻴﺨ ﻙﺘ ﻥﺎﻓ ﻜﻝﺎﻤ ﺕﻤﻴﺘ ﻲﻨﻴﻋ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺍﺩﻤﻌﻓ ـ ﺎ لﻭﻗﺃ ﻝ ﻪ ﻪـــﻨﺘﻤ ﺭﻁﺄﻴ ﺢﻤﺭﻝﺍ ﻭ ﺘ ـ ﻀ لﻤﺄ ـ ﺎﻓﺎﻔ ﻲﻨﻨﺇ ﻝﺫ ﺎﻨﺃ ـ ﻙ ﻱﺃ ﺎﻨﺃ ﻭﻫ " 3 . ﺇ ﺍ ﻭ ﻁﺒﺍﻭﺭﻠﻝ ﻥ ﻹﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﺭﺎﺸ ﺃ ﺭﺜ ﺍ ﻡﺩﺨﺘﺴﺘ ﺩﻗ ﻭ ﻡﻬﻔﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻤﺍﺩﺨﺘﺴﺍ ﻑﺭﺤﻨﺘﻓ ﺎﻴﺯﺎﺠﻤ – ﻻﺇ ، ﻁﺒﺭﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻝﻻﺩﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺀﺎﻨﺜﺘﺴﻻﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻝﻻﺩﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻑﺭﺤﻨﺘ ﻭ – ﻙﻝﺫ – ﺔﻝﻻﺩﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺩﻌﺒﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻝﻻﺩﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺏﺭﻘﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ . ﺼﻨﻋ لﻜﺸﻴ ﺎﻴﺎﻀﻘﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻬﺒ لﻬﺠﻝﺍ ﻥﺇ ـ ﻴﻭﺸﺘ ﺭ ـ ﺤﻴ ﺵ ـ ﺒ لﻭ ـ ﺘﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻴ ـ ﺞ ﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻭ ـ ﻲﻘﻠ ، ﻡﻬﻓ ﺀﻭﺴ ﻥﻤ ﻪﻔﻠﺨﻴ ﺎﻤ ﻕﻴﺭﻁ ﻥﻋ ، ﻕﻴﻘﺤﺘ ﻥﻭﺩ ﺍﺯﺠﺎﺤ ﻑﻘﻴ لﺼﺍﻭﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺩﺼﻘﻤ لﺎﻜﺸﻹﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺯﻭﺎﺠﺘ ﻭﻫ ﺔﻴﻤﺎﻬﻓﻹﺍ ﺔﺒﺘﻌﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﺩ ﻥﺎﻜ ﻭ، ﻕﻴﺭﻁ ﻥﻋ ﺘﺍ ﻊﻨﺼﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺩﻋﺍﻭﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻠﻤﺠ ـ ﻕﺎﺴ ـﻨﻝﺍ ﺴﺎﻤﺘ ﻭ ﺹ ـ ﻜ ـ ﻪ ) ﺤﻝﺍ ـ ﺍ ، ﻁﺒﺍﻭﺭﻝﺍ ، ﻑﺫ ﻹ ﺕﺎﻴﺭﺎﺸ ( ﺽﻌﺒ ﻥﻋ ﺏﺎﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺕﻝﺍﺯﺄﻓ ﺎﻤ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻥﻵﺍ ﺕﺍﺫ ﻲﻓ ﺕﻬﺒﻨ ﺎﻤﻜ، ﻥﻴﺒﻁﺎﺨﺘﻤﻠﻝ ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺤﻴﺘﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻨﺎﻜﻤﻹﺍ ﻕﻴﻘﺤﺘ ﻭ ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ لﻭﺤﺘ ﻕﺌﺍﻭﻋ ﻥﻤ ﺩﻋﺍﻭﻘﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻬﺒ لﻬﺠﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ ﺭﺠﻨﻴ ﺩﻗ ﻭﺠﺭﻤﻝﺍ ﺎﻫﺭﻴﺜﺄﺘ . ﺩﻋﺍﻭﻘﻝﺍ ﻙﻠﺘ ﺽﺭﻋ ﻲﻓ ﻥﻴﺘﻘﻴﺭﻁ ﺩﻴﺯ ﻭﺒﺃ ﺩﻤﺘﻋﺍ ﺩﻗﻭ ﻭﻷﺍ ﺕﻤﺎﻗ ﻪﻝﻭﻗ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻤﻜ ﺎﻬﻝ لﻴﺜﻤﺘﻝﺍ ﻭ ﺓﺭﺸﺎﺒﻤ ﺓﺩﻋﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﺭﻜﺫ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻰﻝ " ﻥﻤ ﺭﺨﻷﺍ ﻪﻴﻓ لﺨﺩ ﺎﻤﻴﻓ لﺨﺍﺩ ﻪﻨﺃ ﺏﻁﺎﺨﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﻠﻌﻝ لﻭﻷﺍ ﺭﺒﺨ ﻥﻋ ﻑﻜﻝﺍ ،ﻰﻨﻌﻤ " ﻁ ﻥﻋ ﻭﺃ ـ ﻤﺠﻤ ﺭﻜﺫ ﻕﻴﺭ ـ ﻗ لﻭﺤ ﺔﻠﺜﻤﻷﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻋﻭ ـ ﻤ ﺔﻴﻀ ـ ﺎ 1 – ﺓﺭﻘﺒﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﻭﺴ ، ﺔﻴﻵﺍ : 1 2 – ﺓﺭﻬﻤﺠﻝﺍ ، ﺹ : 15 3 – ﻪﺴﻔﻨ ، ﺹ : 15

ﺍﺭﻭﺩ ﻕﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﺏﻌﻠﻴ ﺔﻝﺎﺤﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻲﻓﻭ ،ﺓﺩﻋﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﻁﺎﺒﻨﺘﺴﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺉﺭﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﺙﺤ ﻭ ﻑﺸﻜﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻴﺴﻴﺌﺭ ﺫﻝﺍ ﻭﻬﻓ ﺓﺩﻭﺼﻘﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻝﻻﺩﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ ﻱ ﻥﺎﻜ ﺎﻤ ﺍﺫﺇ ﺢﻀﻭﺃ ﺒ ﺩﺍﺭﻤﻝﺍ ـ -ﻻﺇ -ﺔﻘﺒﺎﺴﻝﺍ ﺔﻠﺜﻤﻷﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻁﺒﺭﻝﺍ ﺃ ﺀﺎﻨﺜﺘﺴﻻﺍ ﻭ . ﻥﺇ ﻀﺨﻴ ﻉﺍﻭ لﻌﻓ ﺩﻋﺍﻭﻘﻝﺍ ـ ﻜ ﻪﻨﺎﻁﻠﺴﻝ ﻊ ـ ﻠﻜﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ل ـ ﻤﻝﺍ ﻭ ﻡ ـ ﻘﻠﺘ ـ ﻲ ﻩﺩﻨﺴﻴ ﺭﺨﺁ لﻌﻔﻝ لﻌﻔﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺝﺎﺘﺤﻴ ﺩﻗ ﻭ ، ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﻭ ﻭﻫ ﻭ ﺡﺭﺸﻝﺍ .

ﺭﺸﻝﺎﺒ ﻡﺎﻬﻓﻹﺍ ﺡ : ﺒﻨﺘ ﻥﻴﺒ ﻡﻼﻜﻝﺍ لﺩﺎﺒﺘ ﻰﻠﻋ لﺼﺍﻭﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﻲﻨ ﻁﻷﺍ ـ ﻑﺍﺭ ﻁﺎﺨﺘﻤﻝﺍ ـ ﺔﺒ " ﻘﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻭ ـ ﻠﻋ ﻡﻭ ـ ﺀﺎﺠﺘﻝﻻﺍ ﻰ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺠﻌﻤ ـ ﻡ ﻬﻔﻨ ـ ﻬﻔﻴ ﻭ ﻪﻤ ـ ﺤﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻪﻤ ـ ﻝﺍ ﺙﺩ ـ ﻱﺫ ﺃ ﻤﺎﻤ ـ ﺎﻨ ﻭ ﻻﺇ ﺍ ﻨ ـ ﻡﺩﻌ ﺼﺘﻻﺍ ـ لﺎ ﺼﺍﻭﺘﻝﺍ ﻭ ـ ﻴﺒ ل ـ ﻨﻨ ـ ﺎ " 1 ﺕﺎﺒﻁﺎﺨﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﺭﻴﻏ، ﺎﻨﺘﺎﻴﺤ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻬﻴﺭﺠﻨ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﻑﺸﻜﺘ ﺔﻴﻤﻭﻴﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﺎﻜﻤﺇ ﺽﻌﺒ ﺩﻭﺠﻭ ﻔﻝﻷﺍ ﻅﺎ لﻬﺠﻴ ﻭ ﻑﺭﻁ ﺎﻬﻤﺩﺨﺘﺴﻴ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﻑﺭﻁﻝﺍ ﺭﺨﻵﺍ ﺎﻫﺎﻨﻌﻤ ، ﻑﻭﻝﺄﻤ ﺭﻴﻏ ﻡﺍﺩﺨﺘﺴﺎﺒ ﻁﺒﺘﺭﻴ ﺩﻗ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ، ﻥﺇ ﺔﻴﻨﺎﻜﻤﺇ لﻴﻠﻗ ﺔﻴﻤﻭﻴﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺒﺎﻁﺨﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺭﻫﺎﻅﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺙﻭﺩﺤ ، ﺍﺫﺇ ﺕﺎﺒﺎﻁﺨﻝﺎﺒ ﻥﺭﻭﻗ ﺎﻤ ﺔﻴﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﺒﺘﻋﺍ ﺓﺩﻌﻝ ﺔﺼﺎﺨ ﺔﻴﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﻭ ﺔﻤﺎﻋ ، لﻘﻴ ﻰﺘﺤ ﻭ ﺭﺜﻷﺍ ﻲﺒﻠﺴﻝﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺍﺩﺨﺘﺴﻻﺍ ﻪﺜﺩﺤﺘ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻡﻬﻔﻝﺍ ﺀﻭﺴ ﺔﻓﻭﻝﺄﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻏ ﺕﺎﻤ ﻔﻠﻝ ـ ﺔﻅ ﺓﺩﺎﻋ ﺊﺠﻠﻴ ﻝﺇ ـ ﻰ ﻝﺍ ـ ﺡﺭﺸ ، " ﺔﻴﺒﻁﺎﺨﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﻼﻋﺎﻔﺘﻝﺍ ﻑﻠﺘﺨﻤ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻴﺴﺎﺴﺃ ﺍﺭﻭﺩ ﺏﻌﻠﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺓﺩﻋ ﻕﺭﻁﺒ ﻥﻭﻤﻀﻤﻝﺍ ﺱﻔﻨ ﻥﻋ ﺭﻴﺒﻌﺘﻝﺎﺒ ﻪﺴﻔﻨ ﺕﻗﻭﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺢﻤﺴﻴ ﺎﻤﻜ " 2 . ﻥﺇ ﺏﻁﺎﺨﻤﻝﺍ ﻪﻴﺒﻨﺘﺒ ﻡﻭﻘﻴ ﺡﺭﺸﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺽﻌﺒ ﻅﺎﻔﻝﻷﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻬﻓﺭﻌﻴ ﺩﻗ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﻰﻨﻌﻤﺒ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻤﺩﺨﺘﺴﻴ ﻭ ﻰﻨﻌﻤﺒ ﻊﻗﺍﻭﻝﺍ ، ﺭﺨﺁ ﻥﺇ ﻰﻨﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻲﻠﺠﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻗﺎﻴﺴ ﺕﺎﻴﻁﻌﻤ ﻕﻓﻭ ﻡﺘﻴ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﻭ ﻥﻭﻜﻴ ﺩﻗ لﻭﺼﻭﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺓﺩﻴﺩﺠﻝﺍ ﺕﻻﻻﺩﻝﺍ ﻙﻠﺘﻝ ﻅﺎﻔﻝﻷﺍ ﺩﻬﺠ ﺍ ﻻﻭﺫﺒﻤ ﻲﻘﻠﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻭ ﺡﺭﺎﺸﻝﺍ ﻑﺭﻁ ﻥﻤ ﻥﺫﺇ ﺡﺭﺸﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﺱﺴﺄﺘﺘ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻤﺎﻗﺇ ﻬﻨﻴﺒ ﺔﻗﻼﻌﻝﺍ ﻤ ﺎ " ﻡﻬﻓ ﻁﻭﺭﺸﺒ ﺅﺒﻨﺘﻝﺍ ﻡﻠﻜﺘﻤﻝﺍ لﻭﺎﺤﻴﻓ ﻊﻤﺎﺴﻝﺍ ) ﻲﻘﻠﺘﻤﻝﺍ ( ﺎﺴﻭﺒ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﻲﻨﺒﻴﻓ ﻴ لﺌ ﺭ ﺩﻭﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻑﺩﻬﻠﻝ ﺓﺩﻋﺎﺴﻤ ﺎﻫﺍ لﺼﻭﺘﻝﺍ ﻪﻴﻝﺇ " 3 ﻥﻤ ﻕﻠﻁﻨﺘ ﺕﺎﻀﺍﺭﺘﻓﻻﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻠﻤﺠ ﻡﻠﻜﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺊﺸﻨﻴ ﻙﻝﺫﺒ ﻭ ﻭ ﻲﻘﻠﺘﻤﻝﺎﺒ ﺀﺎﻔﺘﺤﻻﺍ ﻪﺤﻨﻤ ، ﺔﺼﺎﺨ ﺔﻴﻤﻫﺃ ﺫﺇ ﻊﻓﺍﺩﻝﺍ ﻭﻫ ﺀﺎﺸﻨﻹ لﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ . 1 – ﺭﺼﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻨﺎﻤﻝﻷﺍ ﺭﻜﻔﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ لﺼﺍﻭﺘﻝﺍ ﻡﻠﻋ ﺱﺴﺃ، ﻕﺩﺼﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﺴﺤ . ﻜﻔﻝﺍ ﺔﻠﺠﻤ ﺀﺎﻤﻨﻹﺍ ﺯﻜﺭﻤ ، ﻲﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺭ ﺕﻭﺭﻴﺒ ﻲﻤﻭﻘﻝﺍ / ﻥﺎﻨﺒﻝ ﻉ 25 ﺱ 2005 ﺹ : 92 2 – ﺹ ﻱﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻜﻔﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺠﻬﻨﻤ ﻭ ﺭﺍﻭﺤﻝﺍ ، ﻲﻫﺎﺒﻝﺍ ﻥﺴﺤ : 107 3 – ﻡﻅﺎﻨ لﻴﻠﺠﻝﺍ ﺩﺒﻋ ، ﻭﺘ ، ﺏﺭﻐﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻁﻠﺴﻝﺍ ﻭ ﺔﻏﻼﺒﻝﺍ ﺒ ﺀﺎﻀﻴﺒﻝﺍ ﺭﺍﺩﻝﺍ ، ﻊﻴﺯﻭﺘﻝﺍ ﻭ ﺭﺸﻨﻠﻝ لﺎﻘ / ﺏﺭﻐﻤﻝﺍ ﻁ 1 / 2002 ﺹ ، : 57 .

ﺫﺇ ﻥ ﺍﺭﺎﺒﺘﻋﺍ لﻜﺸﻴ ﻡﺩﻘﺘ ﺎﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ " ﺎﻘﻓﻭ ﻡﻠﻜﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻔﻨﻴ ﻉﺍﻭ ﺎﻁﺎﺸﻨ ﺡﺭﺸﻝﺍ ﻥﻤﻀ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﺞﺘﻨﻴ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﻁﻭﺭﺸﻠﻝ ﻪﻴﻓ لﻋﺎﻔﺘﻴ ﻁﺎﺸﻨ ﺎﻀﻴﺃ ﻭﻫ ﻭ ﺎﻫﺩﻭﺩﺤ ﻲﻘﻠﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻭ ﻡﻠﻜﺘﻤﻝﺍ " 1 . ﺓﺭﻜﻔﻝﺍ ﺢﻴﻀﻭﺘﻝﻭ ﺫﺨﺄﻨ ﺔﻠﺜﻤﻷﺍ ﺔﻴﻝﺎﺘﻝﺍ : " ﺕﻤﻋﺯ ﻻﺃ ﺒ ﺕﺭﺒﻜ ﻲﻨﺃ ﻡﻭﻴﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺎﺴ ﻴ ﻻ ﻥﺃﻭ ـ ﺴﻝﺍ ﻥﺴﺤ ـ ﻝﺎﺜﻤﺃ ﺭ ـ ﻲ " 2 . ﻰﻝﺎﻌﺘ لﺎﻗ " ﺍﺭﺴ ﻥﻫﻭﺩﻋﺍﻭﺘ ﻻ ﻥﻜﻝﻭ " 3 . ﺱﻴﻘﻝﺍ ﺅﺭﻤﺍ لﺎﻗ : " ﻔﺨ ـ ﻬﻗﺎﻔﻨﺃ ﻥﻤ ﻥﻫﺎ ـ ﻥ ﺎﻤﻨﺄﻜ ﻫﺎﻔﺨ ـ ﻥ ﻕﺩﻭ ﻥﻤ ﺸﻋ ـ ﻠﺠﻤ ﻲ ـ ﺏ " 4 . ﻰﻝﺎﻌﺘ لﺎﻗ " ﻥﺇ ﺔﻋﺎﺴﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺘﺁ ﺎﻬﻴﻔﺨﺃ ﺩﺎﻜﺃ " 5 . ﻑﺸﻜﺘ ﺔﻠﺜﻤﻷﺍ ﻥﻋ ﺍ ﺔﻴﺠﺘﺍﺭﺘﺴ ﺔﺤﻭﺭﺸﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻅﻔﻠﻝ لﻴﺜﻤﺘﻝﺍ ﺩﻤﺘﻌﺘ ﺡﺭﺸﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ، ﻪﻴﻓ ﺕﺩﺭﻭ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻏ ﺭﺨﺁ ﺹﻨﺒ ﻓﺎ ﻅﺎﻔﻝﻷ ﺔﻘﺒﺎﺴﻝﺍ ﺝﺫﺎﻤﻨﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﺤﻭﺭﺸﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻫ ﻅﺎﻔﻝﺃ ﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺘﻝﻻﺩ ﺎﺸ ﺓﺎﻐﺘﺒﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻝﻻﺩﻝﺍ ﺱﻜﻋ ﺔﻌﺌ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻑﺭﻌﻴ ﺎﻤ ﻝﺍ ﺡﺭﺸﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻴﻠﻋ ﺯﻜﺭﻴ ، ﻲﻅﻔﻠﻝﺍ ﻙﺭﺘﺸﻤﻝﺎﺒ ﺔﻴﺒﺭﻌ ﺎﻬﻨﻷ ﺔﻓﻭﻔﺤﻤ ﻅﺎﻔﻝﺃ ﺕﻻﺎﻤﺘﺤﺎﺒ ﺔﻅﻔﻠﻜ ، ﻡﻬﻔﻝﺍ ﺀﻭﺴ ﺎﻬﻴﻔﺨﺃ ﺭﻫﺎﻅﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻲﻨﻌﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺊﺒﺨﺃ ﺎﻬﻨﻜﻝ ﻭ ﻱﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺱﻜﻋ ﺭﻤﻀﺘ . 1 – ﻡﻅﺎﻨ لﻴﻠﺠﻝﺍ ﺩﺒﻋ ، ﻭ ﺔﻏﻼﺒﻝﺍ ﺔﻁﻠﺴﻝﺍ ، ﺹ : 50 . 2 – ﺹ ﺓﺭﻬﻤﺠﻝﺍ 15 . 3 – ﺔﻴﻵﺍ ﺓﺭﻘﺒﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﻭﺴ : 235 . 4 – ﺓﺭﻬﻤﺠﻝﺍ ، ﺹ 16 : 5 – ﻪﻁ ﺓﺭﻭﺴ ، ﺔﻴﻵﺍ : 15 .