• Aucun résultat trouvé

Anomalous $J/\psi$ suppression in Pb-Pb interactions at 158 GeV per nucleon

N/A
N/A
Protected

Academic year: 2021

Partager "Anomalous $J/\psi$ suppression in Pb-Pb interactions at 158 GeV per nucleon"

Copied!
19
0
0

Texte intégral

(1)

HAL Id: in2p3-00000868

http://hal.in2p3.fr/in2p3-00000868

Submitted on 5 Nov 2006

HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- entific research documents, whether they are pub- lished or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers.

L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés.

Anomalous Jsuppression in Pb-Pb interactions at 158 GeV per nucleon

M C. Abreu, B. Alessandro, C. Alexa, J. Astruc, C. Baglin, A. Baldit, F.

Bellaiche, M. Bedjidian, S. Beolh, A. Borhani, et al.

To cite this version:

M C. Abreu, B. Alessandro, C. Alexa, J. Astruc, C. Baglin, et al.. Anomalous J/ψ suppression in Pb-Pb interactions at 158 GeV per nucleon. Physics Letters B, Elsevier, 1997, 410, pp.337-343.

�in2p3-00000868�

(2)

! #"%$&'()(#*,+,,-.-/.0214350216-/78+9*,:;78-<=7

>@?BADC

+FEG"=:H(I+*J:K+9

L#MNPORQ%SPTUTWV5XYSPZV5[/\USP]

^I_`9_5a=bdc9eYfKghjikbF_ka%lmeYn5nja=op=cKq=rrtsik`9_ka=lue,v9a%wxi5y5_ka=njzcKf`;{xi|`9_kb'a}l~to9ri5a€_|b'a%lup9~zK‚i

^I_kb;eYp9yƒ~tp9~a%o9rwik„'_|b;eYlmla~t`K…9eYrwikn|_|b;eYq=l†eYrr‡s/i5ˆ_kb;q%lmp=e,a%w‰ik}Š_kb;q=oKa=‹‹q%lŒa%rr‡si

m_kb;q%c9pKa=luq9gŽ5i5a_bdq=c9…Ka%oF~ƒi5a€_|b;fn5n~†eYceYrxikˆ€_k`;a%Yq=o’‘@r‰i5y5_`;a%njzq=cF‚ikz=_k`K…Fa%^“b;q=oK‚ji

bF_|`K…FafcFa%op9‰i5~_k`K…e,ˆ=cKq9zK‚ƒikbF_|`K…9em‘@oF~tn5rwike;_`K…K~amˆua%n”nja%rr‡s/i|`9_k`;~t`;a%l–•q9—ƒi

nP_`Kq%o9njz,a%oFzK~toeYn5`Kf9wi5y”_|`KcKf9‹Pgik˜™_kpFa%b;cKqK˜šn”›~trr‡sika€_kp=e„‰a=lu`Kq9—ƒi}Š_kp=eYlulŒa`;a%nja=rrtœxi

o@_kp=e^a%cK`Kq=rrtsi5a_kp=e,ˆmafKv‚jikn|_|p9~z,a%w/ikq€_|p=cFa%,~teYc9rwibK_ke'n5Pa}oq=oF‚ƒi5y”_|„‰a%cK}ež~v‚‰i

„'_|„,lueYf9ce,zK‰ikm_k„uq=cK`Ke,‚‰ik^I_k}=a=lulŒ~tq%rr‡siklž_|}=a'zK~t}oq=oŸ ij‘B_›€_k}=auˆ=cK~tluqFˆ%¡xi

`9_k}eYcn”`K…eYlŒ{ƒikm_k}=~tf9bde'lul~to9q=r¢r‡si|^I_bF_k}q=lufb;e,ˆma%¡‰ik^I_}q=oK~toK‰ikm_k}q=cKq=p=e,z‹›F‘@r‡£ƒi

y5_‘B_k}€cKq%n”nj~tq=cp=rwikm_}fKa9~z,a%rr‡st¤¦¥‡i|„'_„Y_k}€fb;eYc¡/iPa_k}fF~t`K…Ka=cp=rw/ikc=_k…Fa%cKq=fKzf9oK~a%o9rwi

^§_5~tp%‹P~t›=rr‡sikp€_5y¨q=fFa%oK{ji5z=_lž_k›a=cKamˆ~z`K…ežˆua%¡ikl,_k›=luf9bde'cK}=ƒi5a€_bK_›%f9ceYž~to¡xi

}Š_klŒa%o9pKafp9‚i”‘B_klmeb;q=co9eY`;{ƒi`9_kluq=fc9eYo`©¨q=Ÿxi|lž_klufª=fF~toK‚‰i|m_k^#a`K`;~tq9zKz,a—i

a_^#a%c9‹Pa%cF~W«¬`K…F~teYnja%rr‡sik^§_|^#a=n5eYcKa=rrtsi5a_k^#a=n5q=oK~—4iknP_k^“q=fcK}€feYnj‚‰i5a_^“fn”n5q=r¢r‡si

„'_kq=…lmn5n5q=o;«t^#a=lueY›=rw‰ikm_kYe,zK~afFƒiPa_k,~t`K`Kq9zKzK~trr‡siky”_c=_k,~t‹‹P~trwxi

˜™_lž_kYcKa=p%q­pKa™nj~tlˆma rr‡st¤®

i}Š_'fp=p=f

—

ik`9_|ª=fK~toFz8a=on

g

ik`9_kcKa`K`;a r‡£

i|lž_kcKa%^–eYlulmq rr‡¯

i

nP_cKa=^“q=njgŽ5ikm_kcKa'zqK«t^“eYo9p=eYn5rr‡sikl,_cK~t`K`;aYzK~trr‡s‡ika_kcKq=^#a=oKa9ƒiknP_nja%cžzq%cF~trri

m_|naYzfc9oK~toK~‚xike;_|n5`Kq=^“Pa=cK~to9r¢r‡st¤°ikn|_|n5eYcK`;~—xiknP_|nj~tlxˆua9gƒi`9_kn5qKamˆ%eYrr‡s/i

m_kn”q%o9p=eYceY}€}eYcŸ‡Ž”i5v_5z,a%c9cKa}q9{ikm_5zeY^–oK~t›qFˆ—jiko@_±n|_5zq%ž~tlun5›9a,‘da=¡ik}²_kfnja9~—ƒi

`9_5ˆma%luežgjike;_kˆ=eYcK`KeYlulŒ~torr‡si5³‰´5µ“o=_5˜¶~tlml~tnj{_

·K¸j¹ºU»‡¼¹½¾»t¿¼¬ÀÁÀYÂPÃÄÅU¿¾ÆWǃÀ;ÁÀÅ,Âu¹t¼‡½¿ÉÈUÇxÊÀ¬Å’˾¸jÌuÂP”ÍtÎkÏWÐ,ѢŒÒÓtÔjÐu՞ÖÎkÌ××jÀWÈUÄӾʦÀÓ¢Ø‰¿¾ÀWÇهÎ8Ú¼¬¹t×jÈUÀWÛ

Ü ÏW׉Ł½±¿½Ç½¾ÀY»¾Ý,Ìm½¾»tÞ;¿¾ÈYÂPÃÄÅU¿¾ÈÅ;˾ÏUÚ/ÌÍtÎPßǃÈWùt¼À¬Å½ÎkÕm»tÞ9¹t׿¾¹tÛ

àáƒ×¿âÀU¼‡ÅU¿½ã¹=Át¿žÔk¹täåʿɹt¼¿¦æÏWÐuڔÐuÎKÔP¹täÊ¿¾¹‡¼¿ÎPρ½¾¹ÊÄÛ

ç ¸j¹ºW»t¼¹½¾»t¿è¼ÀÁÀ,ÂPÃÄÅU¿¾ÆUljÀ=Ôk»‡¼WéÇÅtÈWÇʦ¹t¿è¼ÀUÎKá‰×¿âÀW¼‡ÅU¿ê½/ëÀYßmʦ¹t¿êÅtÀ,Âu¹åÅtÈU¹ÊPÀ½kÏWÐ,ѢŒÒÓtÔjÐuÕ,ÖÎ'Ô5ʦÀU¼Þ9»t׉½êÓìÚjÀW¼¼¹t×jÁtÎÚ¼¹‡×jÈUÀWÛ

íÔjîkÕmÐuÎ,ïuÀW×jÀUâ¹tÎmÖðk¿½ñÀU¼‡Ê¦¹t×jÁtÛ

ò ¸j¹ºW»t¼¹å½ ë»‡¼¿¾»ÁÀYÏW׉Ł½¼ÇÞ9ÀU׉½¾¹óȉô¹»À,Ú'ë

õ

ÅU¿ÉÈU¹KîPفéÀW¼¿Þ9ÀU׉½¾¹ÊÁÀYÂm¹t¼‡½të

õ

ÈUÇxʹÅK˾¸jÏU”ÍtÎ5¸j¿êÅtºW»t×ÎPÂu»‡¼‡½±Ç/ä¹åÊÛ

ö ÏW׉Ł½¿ê½Çx½À”Ýt»t¼YÐmǃȬÊÀW¹t¼;ÕuÀ¬ÅtÀU¹‡¼ÈUÃ˾ÏWÐuՌÍtÎ5÷Š»ÅtÈW»tðkÎPÕÇxŁÅU¿¾¹tÛ

ø ÏW׉Ł½¿ê½Çx½kÁÀYÂPÃÄÅU¿¾ÆUljÀ,ÐuljȁÊtëÀt¹t¿è¼ÀUÎ9áƒ×¿âÀU¼‡ÅU¿½ëÀYÂm¹t¼¿ÅÓ¾ÖǃÁ9À½kÏWÐ,ѢŒÒÓtÔjÐu՞ÖÎ8ùP¼‡Åt¹tÄÎPÚ¼¹t×jÈWÀUÛ

ú ¸j¹ºU»‡¼¹½¾»t¿¼¬ÀÁÀ,ÂkÃÄÅU¿ÉÆUljÀYÐuljȁÊtëÀt¹t¿è¼ÀÁÀÅ8û'¹tǽ¾À¬ÅžîP×jÀU¼¾ä‡¿¾À¬ÅUÎkîmÈU»åÊÀ;Âu»ÊĽ¾ÀUÈWÃ׿¾ÆWǃÀ9À½kÏWÐ,ѢŒÒÓtÔjÐuÕ,ÖÎPÂm¹Ê¹‡¿êÅtÀW¹tÇÎÚ¼¬¹t×jÈUÀWÛ

·Wü ÔkÀU׉½¼ÀKÁÀ8ÕmÀUÈWÃÀU¼¬ÈUÃÀ¬ÅdÐuljȁÊtëÀt¹t¿è¼ÀÅUÎ9áƒ×¿âÀU¼‡ÅU¿½ëÀ,¸j»tÇ/¿êÅYÂu¹åŁ½ÀWǼFÀ½kÏWÐ,ѢŒÒÓtÔjÐuÕ,ÖΌֽ¼¹ÅtºW»tÇ/¼¾ätÎÚ¼¹‡×jÈUÀWÛ

··áƒ×¿èâÀW¼‡ÅU¿ê½ã¹Át¿'ýƒ»t¼¿è×j»À,ÏUÐmÚ5ÐuÎ;ý/Ǽ¿è×ÎkϬ½¾¹ÊÄ;Û

·WÜ

ÏW׉Ł½¿ê½Ç½PÁÀYÂkÃÄÅU¿ÉÆUljÀYÐuljȁÊtëÀt¹t¿è¼ÀÁÀ8¸jÄ/»t×ÎKáƒ×¿èâÀW¼‡ÅU¿ê½ëÀԔʹ‡ÇƒÁÀYß,ÀW¼×j¹t¼Á=À½kÏWÐ,ÑÂÒӇԨÐu՞Ö%Î;؃¿êÊèÊÀWǼºW¹t××jÀWÎuÚ¼¹t×jÈWÀþ

ÿ

ÌmÊÅt»=¹½5ÚmÔ8ჸjÎKá‰×¿âÀW¼‡ÅU¿¾Á¹ÁÀKÁÀY¸j¿êÅtºW»t¹tÎP¸j¿êÅtºW»t×ÎÂm»t¼‡½Çä¹ÊÛ8¿±é¹t¼‡½¿èÞÀW׉½»=Át¿PÚ5¿ÅU¿¾ÈW¹KÖéÀW¼¿Þ9ÀU׉½¾¹Ê¦ÀUÛ,¿¦é¹‡¼‡½±¿èÞÀW׉½¾»

Át¿փÈW¿¾ÀW×ñÀKÀýƒÀWÈU×j»åÊ»Wät¿¾À;Ìâ¹t×ñ¹å½ÀWÛKÏUÏ,Új¹ÈW»Ê½ã¹%Á‡¿փÈW¿¾ÀU×ñÀWÎkÌmʦÀÅÅt¹‡×jÁt¼¿¾¹tÛ;ÐY»‡ð ¹½8¿±é¹t¼‡½¿èÞÀW׉½»=Át¿PÚ5¿ÅU¿¾ÈW¹tÎdá‰×¿âÀU¼‡ÅU¿ê½ã¹

Át¿5Âm¹Á»tâ¹tÎuÂm¹Átlj¹tÎPρ½¾¹ÊÄÛ €ÐY»tðI¹½dá‰îkÕåÎPÕ¿¾»9ÁÀ¹t×jÀW¿¼»tÎPß¼¹tñ¿ÊÛÐ'»tðI¹½YÔ¨îPÕuÐmÎYïmÀU×jÀUâ¹tΌÖðk¿½±ñÀW¼‡Ê¹‡×jÁtÛ

ÌmÊÅt»9¹½

ρÖ5ýjÎYáƒ×¿èâÀU¼‡ÅU¿ÉÁ¹ÁÀ€ýKëÀ‡ÈU׿¾ÈW¹ÁÀY¸¨¿ÅtºU»‡¹tÎP¸¨¿ÅtºU»‡×ÎÂu»t¼‡½Ç/ä¹Êþ

!

¦ #"%$&(')&('*,+.-0/

!13242

"

24

/6587 1 '

29:

& 2 !

*;7#')<=>"?<@=)/

1

¦ #7 271 ' 2 &

A

/

1(9CB

&

!

*ED7F5 5

G

& ¦ 62

.H

5 &

BI1

F&35

*KJ A1(9

5

A.2

F5 21

=54&(7#'

*L7#' B> A1

5 1

'E&('*€ #7FM

57

1

'E7#'*//

* A

&3/6587 1 '

2.NE

5 C !

¦ #"%$&(' B> !1

*//.5?7 1 '

.H3

7#=>7F5 2 5

'

1( O9

6HPBI

/65

*=

!

& G 71 RQ

5

P7

F*

1

Jƒ,+R-S7#':<@=>"?<=C7#'>5 T

&P/6587 1 ' 2 72

&(=>' 1( 49

& ¦  1 D Q & 2

7F5P #7 62 2

54&('*>& *

*

.G

7F&3587 1 ' 2 = 1

DE5 6HPBI

/65 * G

& ¦

36UV1( !61(G3T RQ

5

*

!B

& !

J

A1(9

5

.H3BW

/65

*=

!

& G 71 7#'/

A

&

2462W2

7FMX'>7#Y/6&('>5¾ J A1X9

BW! 7B>! & ,5 1 / '>5 & >/ 1 ¦ #7271 ' 2. Z

(3)

"!# $&%'%$ (! )*%'+,$ -/.01$ -2+3456/70189%!:;53&$=<?>A@B3!%+34C*%!:56DFEHG4IJ;,!:KC-*$0L$4M;01$8N$

$$01OPQ-*$R6PS3&D-T656D&KL0U-T6!:0;PV,!D-*01D*3W8X!:;1$0N '%'%#CY-*$0;OZ![.Y,!$\10(! R6]D^;_1,Y$

5D`a3!b%'%6$ -[<cC!:0;d*`eL%]CYgf%!58X!ih;<jekfl(m

n,$o8p!6q7$ ! 1C0;$\:7r1,s+p.,t!5$\ 7r8p! 11$0=u;,!:X1,$\$&%6$8N$s(! 01PQ3&t556;C$s(= 7F,!D-*01D

!:0;$N-*$ 3&D*v$b-JKwmx$2m1,t!:?y2C!:0;dk!:-\O:%6CD#-*Xz70;8{! *Po8=D01$j6-2]|2-*C!%L,!D-*01D?!:-g!:0;$

701$$\1_8N |2$\ ];,*6^;,$g8=$ -2]CY8}mA~018 1,$\|2$01PV)$O 6*6OS! -S)$4701$g1,Y$g5(! 01/C.S 7F1,Y$

$&MY.$0568N$*U!b%$ !:0U3€,/]o1,$?v$&%-JK6 ‚!L. 6*;$ -}CƒEx„ I;,!:k-*$ 34*vY$8=$*L AC*%-i6-*C34$F3& %]D0

13401$$s]YO[ L,*3(,…6S1CY01V AC*%-V.0;$|2$s#†‡ˆ‰7D018X!:56DK8X!:d2]YO[ 7NŠ&†‡ˆ‹5C.Y.01$ ;R6tŒD$} 7

1,Y$zO %+-s`Ž.*%! 1$ -\a]OD!:;C01$b‚7D0<?ekf…$&MY.$0568N$*U!b%$|T-*$3&$2m2U!:016O#701D8{G‘D’“#K,*6O,/$$0;OP

6_)$ ! 8pFh1”rK•g!:t-Wv!%H%6P–f•)Jlz)$ 3! 8=$X!|D!b'%!:)*%6$\! F>A—˜c™#mn,$P\8X!-s$=.2;R6)*%6$};,$X5$ ! 0(3(,

70z<?ekf[70;8p! 56/]/C*%6;0(!:0;$&%!:]|25+3#sC3€%6$Ct5`*C3(%]$C3& %'%Ha]Dz L,$0;$6 L!D)$&%']$|2$ -=1,t!:L1,Y$

01$byTC*60;$ -#3&D-T656D•3&DC*%-#)$A01$ !D3€,Y$ -?!:)$b5m —MY.$0568N$*™zšz›D’L-*$|2$&%6D.$b-#!:r$&MY1$a6|2$.Y01OD0(! 8

5;C-*P26Or3€,! 018N*6C8B6=.`wšS!:t-=š`wœ[0;$ !3&6• 61,F63€-*$s•.0;1DK2MPsO$N! -F5Cs%H7CY06D•

-T'žŸ$01$*c*Ct3€%6$ !:0c(! 01O$(&mŸn,$r01$ C*%6(L)U!b6$ -i7D0†‡ˆ^.0;s-*C3&6QEx› I %6$ -/1X!=:%'-[P1$8X!:3

$&MY.$0568N$(!%•0;$&7$0;$3&$2mn,Y$P/1056ODO$0;$ -[!X3&a-*$0(! )*%6$p! 8=DCsz:7‚1,$D01$3!b% D01dZE¢¡I!:-g3!

)$?C-*$0U5;2s-JK!33&0U-T6O=;p8N$r!:C;,0U&K]£!:o:|2$0(!b%'%3&D,$0;$*¤70(! 8=$ A0;dgEx¥ Iam

/1,*%6$1;$0K A$#348N.!:0;$j;,$Ff•)`wf•)}|D!b%6C$b¦8N$ !C01$b-i)sPp1,$r™zšk¥§#$&MY.$0568N$*K!L01$.D011$b-

6};,$?.01$ 34$ -T6O#%6$1;$0rEx“ IaK 61,o1,$?|D!b%6C$b¦.0;$|2]DCR%6P/)Y(!b6$b-} ];,i%'6O,s1$0L63€-*$sL]D&m

¨Ÿ ©/ ªT«+«+¬;­?®¯2:°°4¬(°ªs°

n,$k)$,!|T6CY0L:71,Y$?@01$4%H%6`±A!:o3&01²1`a$ 3&56Du6of•)`wf)o3& %'%Ha]D¦L3&D8=.! 01$ -N ];,/1,$z|D!%]CY$

)Y(!b6$b-£6\.`.K.`a-ŸKJ.`³ !:-[²`a´µ6s1$0U!3&]D 61,g1,Y$F1! 8=$r)!a3F5.$ 3&;018N$;$0FE·¶IwmJ~0c1,Y$

(4)

;,$0KJ1,$?63€-*$sz8N8N$*;C8{h! -W;,*Ct l?R6OD*'vŸ3!:s5%6P–-T'žŸ$01$swmx$²m]K¡2¥D§}e$#‡z70z.`.

!:t- .`w-p! -=„D§§Fe$#‡•70¤.`³ !:-p2`w´#m2n,$k3&8N.! 055D=1,Y$01$&7D01$L8X!-*$LCtR6OF1,Y$c5`w3!%H%6$ -

z` 7w!D3&1D0z L,*3(,g!33&DCs(70z,*6OD,$0zD0(-*$0k3&D0101$b3&56t1p;,$j%6 $b5zD0(-*$0k@0;$&%'%]`±A!:g1,$01$53!b%

3&0;21`a$ 3&]Dm³[$?1,sCL3&D8=.YC1$2K*7D0L$ !3(,o5PY5;$8

L,$0;$!

"

+L1,Y$j8N$ !D5C0;$ -p|!%6C$# 7•;,$r3&01²15`w5$b3&56£!:-#

$%&

1,Y$ %6 $b5c0(-s$0c@01$4%H%6`±A!:

3&0;21`a$ 3&]DZ3&D8=.CY1$ -JKŸ ];,_1,Y$N!:..0;.0!:1$ p!:t-£6_;,$N1! 8=$NdT6$8p! 53!b%‚-*D8p!6KCa6O

1,Y$ ek˜z`('” Ex’ I5$L 7¤.! 011D\-T1056)CY56\7C3&64m

n,$L0;$ 5Cs%]U¤!:01$%'5;$ - 6Xn! )*%6$#Gc!:t- .*%6D11$b-ƒ6FvOC0;$#G‚!¤!7C3&]D= 7;,$L.01s-sC3&*),+^ 71,Y$

(! 01OD$¤!:t-#.01-1$b3&5'%6$c!:;8F+38X!;sC8F)$0(4mn,$P#!%'%Ÿ5, ZO2s-X!:O0;$$8N$s);,F 61,N$ !3(,#D1,$0

!:t-= 61,/1,$c $4%H%Ÿds L/@0;$&%'%]`±A!:/1,Y$0;$53!%3!%+34C*%!:56D&m=.! 01+34C*%!:0K;,$kf)Y`af•)o@01$4%H%6`±A!:

3&0;21`a$ 3&]Do-*$1$018F]Y$ -=!D-*$(!b'%6$ -/!:) |2$2K2$&MY,*6)*6(L!?)$,!|T6CY0 L,*3(,=7C*%'%]PX3&D8=.! 56)*%6$? 61,

$&MY.$ 3&(! 56t‚70;8 D1,$0c$&MY.$0568N$*U&m

. /10

ˆ

2 °°&¬U°ªs°

n,$c01$b5C*%6(¤)U!b6$ -F70;,$k@01$&%'%6`±! p.0;s3&$ 1A5, S;,$z! )5$3&$c:7! *PNa6O*'vŸ3! *L)s+!D6=DC0

!:)t5:%6C;$r3&01²15`w5$b3&56X8=$ !D5C0;$8N$*U&m³g$k3!:pY: 3&8N.! 01$c1,$c†‡ˆQ.01s-*Ct3&56o3&0;2;5`w5$ 3&6=6

f•)`wf)?6*;$0(!D3&56t 61,#|D!%]CY$  D)(!6$ -#.0;$|T6DCR%6P? 61,F-2HžŸ$0;$s)$ ! 8B!:-?(! 01O$•3&D8F)*6!:6

61,¯1,$£1! 8=$g.$b3&10;8N$1$0m¤~0p;,*u.YC01.2$2K A$\3!%+34C*%!:1$g1,Y$_Š34012;5`w5$ 3456 .$0NsC3€%6$Y`

sC3€%6$u3&:%'%'R6ŒKam$2m21,$ 3&01²15`w5$b3&56£-T6|T-*$b-u)sPF1,Y$z.01²-*C3&2)3+µ:7;,$z.0;-1$ 3&'%]$r! -p(!:0;O$

!:;8F3¦8X!;sC8F)$0U&mDn,$L|D!b%6C$ ¤)U!b6$ -FC-*$0¤-T'žŸ$01$s¤$&MY.$0568=$*U!b%t3&-2]6A!:01$c01$b13!%]$b-

1X„§D§uec$4r‡¦63€-*$*c8=D8=$*;C8 ! -p01$ 348N.C1$b-JKT'7¤$b3&$ 1;!:0;P2KT6};,$?dT6$8p! 53!b%-*D8p!]#5

(5)

§ BG ! - 3&²S§·¥

š¦%'%1,$F|D!%]CY$ z)U!b6$ -\ 61,g1,$F¡²¥§}ec$4#‡r-!:U!}ha.`.KJ.`w-JK.`>cK .Y`aš¦%wKJ.Y`5>¤Cg! -W.Y`Ž³ lUK!:0;$

O:%6D)!b%'%6P\;3!b%6$ -/-* L/ 61,};,$?;!:8N$ 7w!D3&1D0LCR6ON1,Y$7:%'%6 ]YOp.01s34$ -*C0;$2m~ 60U5K;,$z¡²¥§pe$#‡

!:t-[„D§§}ec$4#‡F-Y!:(!/! 01$#v;1$ -i6-*$.$-*$s5%6P2K!;5C8F6O/1,! ?1,$F†‡ˆ 34012;5`w5$ 3456\ .Y01.D01`

56D!b%1ph ),+=lYmn,$?01$b5C*%6(c!:0;$z01$b5.$ 3&]|2$4%]P §‘„ §·§„N!:t- §‘*G §§›smn,$&60

O2s-o3&8N.! 56)*'%']P!-1C5'v$ A!FR68FC*%6(! $Ctv;F1,$c¡2¥D§=e$#‡c!:-/„D§§=ec$4#‡ -! (!j68N.²R6O

1,Y$z;!:8N$z|D!b%6C$z 7 £7D01,Y$ r;!:8N.*%6$ &Ks L,*3€,pO 6|2$ "§*m·‘D„§!B§*m§*G¥*KT6=7w!60L!:OD01$$8=$s¤ 61,

.0;$|T6DC.`wš 0;$ 5Cs%]U?Ex‘ Iamn,Y$zO:%6)t!b%01$ ;3!b%'6OF7w!3&;0L)Y(!b6$b-u701D8 1,s+vt+L§x¡²§“ §·§D›’*K1

)$z348N.!:0;$ - 6;,p1,$c|D!b%6C$?§x¡YG’" §§’D›j L,*3(,= AC*%-=0;$ 5C*%6¤70189;,$$#%o!:- z-*$.$-s$3&$

:7Ÿ;,$L†‡ˆ–3&01²1`a$ 3&56Dp!DO 6|2$F)*P?;,$zs3(,*C*%6$0.! 0(!:8N$;05'& !:6£EHG§ IamDn,$?Š&0;$ 13!b%6$ -Œz¡2¥D§#e$#‡

-! (!p1DO$;,$0z 61,g1,Y$N„§§}ec$4#‡ #-! (!/!:0;$=.s%]D1;$ -i6WvODC01$X„= L,*3(,g!b%5£5, cz1,Y$F01$ C*%6j 7

1,Y$#a68FC*%6(!:Y$Cc$&M.D$s5!b%vk-*$ ;3&056)$ -/!:) |2$2m

n,$Nf•)`wf•)VŠ3&01²1`a$ 3&56D_.$0?*C3(%]$`*Ct3€%6$–3&:%'%'R6tŒ}8=$ !D5C0;$ -i6[;,$X™zšz¥§N$&M.$068=$s

§sm·¥*G(¯§*m§:¡r*)£Ex“ Iam2šz¤!%]0;$ !-sP=D)(!]Y$ - 6p1,Y$c-*8X!b6 5pK6D*%6PF$$ -¤! z34010;$ 3&]Dp L,*3(,

3!b%3&C*%!:;$ -i701D8‹1,$Fs3(,*Cs%]$0L.!:0U!:8N$10 &b!:56DSE'G§:Iwmn,$r3&0;01$ 3456/7w!3&;0L+rG)·›D„* §·§:¡YKJ! -

1,Y$#34010;$ 5.D-T6O/3&0;2;5`w5$ 3&6\|D!b%6C$?+c§*m“T¶+ §*m§¥F*)m

n,$L0;$ 5Cs%]U¤!:01$L%'51$b-ƒ6Xn! )*%6$z„?!:t- .*%6D11$b-ƒ6FvOC0;$z„?!D!7Ct3&56N:7),+pmDn,$cf•)`af•)N01$ C*%6

#! )DCF¥o5U!:-! 0(-_-s$|T! 56# žQ1,$Fv1;$ -}7C3&]DZ!:t-W%']$bj)$&%6 91,$N$&MY.$b3&1$ -}|D!%]CY$p)*P£!

7w!3410

,

-/.01

32546.87

9

¯§'¶¡" §·§“

n,*+c!#v0(,*6sL1,! †‡ˆS.01s-sC3&56D}+c!:Y8X!b%6Ca%6Pg5C..Y01$ ;5$ -=6\f•)`wf•)i6*;$0(!D3&56D&m

šz33&0U-T6O=;\E¥:I;,$pŠ40;8p!%+ŒN)$,!|T6CY0z:7¤†‡ˆ^.Y01s-*C3456g L,*3€,£3&0;01$ .-c1X! |D!b%6C$F 7

(6)

)-1$b3&¤8=$ ! *A1r)$b3&8N$%!:;$0DKT'7‚-*$ 5;01 P2$ -JK2;,$7C*%'%6P=70;8=$b- 0;$ 5D!:sL†‡ˆ 5(! 1$2ms³V61,*6

1,s+6*;$01.Y01$U!:56DK;,$?†‡ˆS.0;s-*C3&6g3&0;21`a$ 3&]Dg3!:/)$? L0561;$};=;,$zv0(L0U-*$0k!

h ),+

ˆcl h),+=lF$4M.zh 38l h(G:l

L,$0;$[h ),+=lF!D33&DC*Uƒ7D0p1,Y$[h

lN3&01$b!:56DS.01D)!:)*'%'6PV]¯šc`aœ 34:%'%'+a6\! -V1,$£-*$ 3&0;$ !a6O

$&MY.$s5!%J706U)01$ ! d*`C./.0;)! )*'%H6P2K 61,o3&0;2;5`w5$ 3&6 8€KY!b%6YO 6(.t!:1,/;,01DCO,/sC3€%6$ !:0

8X!:1;$0mDn,$c.!:0U!:8N$1$0 §6G:¶L78

;,$sC3€%6$ ! 08X!:;1$05(! -! 0(-N!b|2$0(!:OD$c-*$a65P²m2~0¤! *P

O:6|2$/.`wš^D0cš`aœSP1$8oKZ(!:t-‚7D0L1,$k8=$ ! p%]$O;,i 7•;,$z.! 1,/:71,Y$#h

blAP1$8 1,Y01CYO,

sC3€%6$ !:0L8X!:;1$0L 7¤8N$ !:o-*$tR6P hl

šLL!FO:6|2$p68=.!D3&c.!:0U!:8N$1$0 K

hlA3!:/)$F3!b%3&C*%!:;$ -}!D

hbl G

!"

~0ƒ!uO 6|2$_.2a]6V 7c1,$/h

l.t!b60N3&01$b!:56D_.:6*#6a-*$p1,Y$/3&:%'%'-T6Og*C3(%]$4aK;,$ 6s1$OD0(!%

(! d2$o!b%6YOp1,$?.;$s5!b%.! 1,o:7¤;,$Fh

blAP1$8 1,0;COD,\1,$b5$zsC3€%6$&wmn,$ƒ!b|2$0(!:OD$z(! d2$ 6*;

!33&Cs?!%H%A.2;R6)*%6$p.2a6564K70r!=O ]|2$[|D!b%6C$N:7# KJ:7A;,$ih

&lc.!60#3401$ ! 56g.:6*K $&6O,s1$b-

)sPp1,$?.0;)! )*'%']Po1X3&01$ ! 1$6k!:c1,! L.:6*m

Z.01$|T6Ctu0;$.0;(F:7r.01$4%H68F6!:0;PS01$ C*%6(= 7?1,$£™zšz¥D§W$&MY.$0568N$s\E'GG&IwK$ ‚!p3!b%3&C*%!:;$ -

!;5C8F6O_70h&%2lF1,$£5,! 01.`w5CY057w!34$_! ..01Ms68p! 56

m¤5Q1,*p.! .$0K¤ $\3(,2²5$\1,Y$g5(! -! 0(-

1,Y01$$`.! 0(!:8N$;$0#³g2s-5`s!MD…70;8 6;,…sC8N$053!%L.! 0(! 8=$;$0(z701D8 E'G„:Iwmš*Ps L!P2KJ6F,Cs%+-

·å~´('*),+.-/5³102'3+.45,6ê³704³1-28i9;:70K³/<02:=8>4'?+@6.8³ƒ´”µ)³ 't³102A78>'B:C9Y³1'2:7D+E4 D³7-*-´,5FDGH8>02-BIKJ³‰´5µLINMO0*8-2/P84'3+.Q786SR‰iOTUHVW

X

WY;V*Z\[^]FY_V>`ba,cV[#YdUHV X.ef

]7gCY

f

]h[&]

e

VhY_V^[ijikl+.- -3+.Dm/,6ERnAh+.Q18´oG,Rpikrqsik Jt ki MNu +.'2)vik J ¤M q 67w : x

£zy{^|}3~

r

y{^|} I r^‡—

J ¤M

³‰´5µ

x £ q Zh€Z

9_D 

(7)

7$ ! 1C0;$ •:7DC0¤01$ C*%6(4m*~]ODC01$k›#, c&Ks!¤!7C3456p 7 LK;,$z;!:8N$#Š3&01²1`a$ 3&56D.$0•sC3€%6$Y`

sC3€%6$–3& %H%'R6DŒ[!DvOC0;$p„smn,$XR68FC*%6(! $DC v? 7L1,Y$F$&M.Y01$ ;R6gO:6|2$\6[$ y2C! 56VhUG:lc1

1,Y$#¡2¥D§}e$#‡?!:t-\„§§}ec$4#‡ ?-!:U! %6$ !-z; 8 B“·„ G ]G?8F)} L,$\;,$Ff•)g3&0;2;5`w5$ 3&6

$&Mt3€%6C-*$ -=70;8‹1,$?vmŸn,$ƒR6O*'vŸ3!:s?-*$.! 01;C01$r:7¤;,$Ff•)}|D!%]CY$#7018‹;,$jv;1$ -/$&MY.D$s5!b%

7C3456p!r3€%6$ !:0A$|T-*$3&$c1,! 1,Y$z†‡ˆ 5C..Y01$ ;R6/)t5$0;|2$ -ƒ6of•)`wf)N]s1$0(!3456L3!:DL)$

!:sPs8=D01$r!334Cs1$ -=7D0L)*PpsC3€%6$ ! 0c!:)0;.56g$&žŸ$ 3&U&m

/10

ˆ

2 °°&¬U°ªsV®°N®R^cª}2ªs ®*«++ cª}2«+«+°&¤

?1,*•$ 3&]DK $¤8p! d2$¤C5$A:7;,$•7w!3&1,! ;,$L@c01$&%'%6`Ž±A! N3&01²15`w5$b3&56N;3!b%6$ 61,F;,$sC8F)$0

:7ŸsC3€%6$D`ŽsC3€%6$DN3&:%'%'R6t&K!Dt3&$L8=D01$‚3&*vt018N$ -j 61,F;,$L.0;$ 5$s-! (!*m²n,*;3!b%'6Oz7$ ! 1C0;$

01$byTC*60;$ ‚6/7w!3&c1,! ;,$#8N$ !D5C0;$ -}@0;$&%'%6`Ž±A!:g34012;5`w5$ 3456c)$ƒ3&0;01$ 341$ -p1X!33&CsL70c1,$r01$`

%!:]|2$k!:8NCY*• 7]s1$0(!3456O?.01D1D¤!:-F$C;01D&K2!D•1,$‚@01$&%'%6`±! 98=$b3€,! *58 -*$.$t-•F1,Y$

5²5.*6g:7A1,$r*Ct3€%6$m³g$#1,Y$01$&7D01$r3&D0101$b3&¦7D0;,*#Š€25.s]–$&žŸ$ 3&(ŒN!:t-}01$.*%!D3&$#;,$#8N$ !C01$b-

@0;$&%'%]`±A!:£3&01²15`w5$b3&56\)sP

3.1--

h)3+=lLh

$ &

l

h

$ &

l

L,*3(,Wj$byTC*6|D!b%6$s#;/1,$X@01$4%H%6`±A!:Z3&0;2;5`w5$ 3&6Z $N DC*%-[,!|2$F8=$b!5CY01$ -}70?1,Y$p;!:8N$=

sC3€%6$& A$01$k1,$PNs%]PX8p!D-*$z:7.0;1D&mn,s+L.0;s3&$ -*C0;$%6$ !-Y¦;F1,$7 %'%] 6O/34010;$ 3&]Dp7w!3&;0

3.8--

BG)ݤ

n,*F3&D010;$ 3&1$b-_@01$4%H%6`±A!:S34012;5`w5$ 3456KA-*$ -sC3&$ -W70;8 C0F8N$ !D5C0;$8=$*K,Cs%+-V)$p.Y01.D01`

56D!b%1N1,$k.01s-*Ct3&,)3+ F1,! ;,$?0(!:6= 7A3&01²1L$ 3&56D

- WL B5;053&5%6Pp.Y01.D01`

56D!b%1N1,$?†‡ˆBŠ3&0;21`a$ 3&]D\.$0L*Ct3€%6$`sC3€%6$£3&:%'%'R6tŒm

(8)

n,$k|!%6C$ L:71,$z0U!:]

- ¤K01$b13!%]$b- 1N„D§§pe$#‡ K* 61,/;,$r@01$&%'%6`±! \3&0;2;5`w5$ 3&6

(! d2$#6=;,$L8X!1•6*;$01|D!b%„*m·‘ `Ž¡Ym·¥#ec$4#‡ ¤!:t-p3&0;01$ 341$ -z70cŠ€5²5.*6/$&žŸ$ 3&UŒ*K2! 01$L%'+1$ -#6=U!:)*%6$k›

!!7C3456r:7Y1,$A!|2$0(! O$o} 7mhbl6?$ !3(,r)*6m n,$¤|D!b%6C$A:7mu6#$ !D3€,k)*6j3!b%3&C*%!:;$ - 70;8

1,Y$ /3&D0101$4%+! 56o.01$b5$s1$ -#6pvOC0;$z¡mYn,*L3&0;01$&%! 56/01$b5C*%6(70;8 1,$ ‚hbl-*$.$-s$3&$

z!:t-u701D8 1,Y$zj\3&D0101$4%+! 56g, Li6};,$?.01$b3&$ -T6O#%6$;1$0ƒEx“ Iam

n,$\0U!:]Z 7N3&0;21`a$ 3&]D

- +p.*%6D11$b- 6SvOC0;$_¥–!/![7C3&]D^ 7 6^$ !D3€,S 7

1,Y$#v|2$ g)*64mn,Y$=0U!:56²j:7‚†‡ˆB1o@0;$&%'%6`Ž±A!:–3&0;21`a$ 3&]D#8N$ !C01$ -i6–™zšz›D’i! -g™zšz¥*G

$&MY.$0568N$*U! 01$N!%+/.01$ $s1$ -p]\vODC01$N¥smJn,$F.Y`Ž³BKJ.Y`a´9! -[2`w´ 8=$ !D5C0;$8N$*U&K!%H%-*$X!:

„§D§[ec$4#‡F]t3€-*$s#8N8N$*;C8oK! 01$p A$&%'%v;1$ -_)sPg!:Z$&MY.$s5!%H%6PQ-*$ 3401$ !DR6O}%! ! -[%]$b!-

1£!:Q!:)t50;.56DS3&0;21`a$ 3&]DV 7k“]G §H¶8F)K 6Z.$057$b3&r!:O0;$$8N$sj 6;,…;,$p|D!b%6C$ !%]0;$ !-sP

)Y(!b6$b- 701D8 1,Y$c-!:U! , L 6FvOCY01$c›*msn,*•$&MY.$s5!%J)$,t!b|26C0K23(,!:0U!3&;$0553¦ 7sC3€%6$ !:0

!:)t50;.56DK, %- 70;8 .Y`Ž.gCs5'%A1,$F8N2#34$*;0(!%2`w´µ6*;$0(!D3&56D&m5k)01$ ! dk-* LW7D0j|D!%]CY$

:7 68=8N$ -T! 1$&%6P/,*6O,$0m

n,$r-*$.!:0;1C0;$#:71,$ƒf)£-!:U!ƒ70;8‹1,Y$#! )5D01.6`+%'+d2$N)$,!|T6CY0?!L)$01|2$b-X6\.0;;\! -

%'6O,s¦6}6-sC3&$ -p01$b!3&]Dz3! /)$ry2C!:s5'v$b-iCa]YOp1,$?0U!:56

,

-

9 h ¦l

h

- •l1

-

h

- l 8 .1-

2546.87

L,*3(,i¦O 6|2$i7D0$ !D3€,})*6/]o(! )*%6$N›*mn,$r$010;0(cy2C;$ -=]o1,*U!:)*%6$?70c1,$?|D!b%6C$ c:7 , 9

63€%6C-*$c1,Y$c5PY51$8p! 53C3&$01(!6*P?01$&%! 1$ -F1z;,$LD018X!b%''& !:]D/:7Ÿ1,$LD.$N3€,t!:018 3&s106)C56DK

!L8N$*6$ -=6}0;$&7;mE“:Iwm

j# 76s1$0;$ 5F;\+34$i;,!:F;,$/|D!b%6C$/)U!b6$ -_6V1,Y$=v0(F)*6^h70F1,Y$p8=²5F.$0].Y,$0(!%

· z )F8 -24³C6+ê´FA 9U³14'2:10N9_:70=pB0*8^66è«U‘;³ƒ´z402:1-2-«?-28>4'?+E:ƒ´o9;02:7D

Z  }8ˆ '2: ¸ }8ˆ³1Dm:755´,'*-B'2:

Z _6 Z

+ì´z'2)F8D³7-*-

0t³‰´FA78 ¸ _ «: _

}8ˆw/_

ܘ )F8´ +ì´<4^6.55µ +ì´FA '2)F8 /« /#³ƒ´”µ/j«µ Dm8³7-*5F028Dm8´\'*-i'2)<8H'2'*8µ Q³C6E5F8N+.-

 €

€

DjGŒ_

(9)

,

-

9

hT¥ec$4 Q¡2¥ec$4_l §‘¥ §§‘

‚7Cs%H%6Po3&D8=.! 56)*%6$# 6;,\1,$r!:)t50;.56D\8=s-*$4%$&M.$ 34(!:6m

n,$L†‡ˆZ1r@01$4%H%6`±A!:/3&0;2;5`w5$ 3&6p0U!:56r,!A!b%5r)$$F8=$b!5CY01$ -#70¤1,Y$7C*%'%;!:8N.*%6$z:7$|2$s(4K

L,! 1$|2$0L;,$r3&$s10U!b%'65PWEx“:Iwmn,$?0;$ 5C*%6KJ3&D010;$ 3&1$b- 70c1,$NŠ(+2.*6\$&žŸ$ 3&(ŒsK*

+

- BG„¡* §·„ Q§·„

n,*L0(!:6=%6$ !-L1

,

-

9

h) Ÿl q§H¶²G §·§D›

5,Y: 6ON1,t!:L1,Y$z†‡ˆQPT6$&%-=6/f•)`af•)/]s1$0(!3456L‘F(!:t-!:0U-i-s$|T! 56c! L!PF7018 1,Y$z|D!b%6C$

$&MY.$ 3&1$b-ƒ70;8 .C01$k*C3(%]$b!:0L! )5D01.6mL!%+= A0;1,s L,*'%]$?Ct-*$05%'6*6ON1,$k01$8X!:0;d! )*%6$r!:O0;$$`

8N$*L 7AC0c8=²5?!D33&C0U!:;$#$ 568p! 1$r:7 , 9

KŸ-*$ -sC3&$ -=701D8‹1,$r0(!:6i 7¤†‡ˆ¯1u@01$&%'%6`±! g3&01²1`

5$b3&56t&K ];,};,$?|!%6C$#D)(!]Y$ -u70;8 DC0z! )5 %6C1$F†‡ˆ¯3&01²15`w5$b3&56\8N$ !D5C0;$8=$*

,

-/.01

32546.87

9

¯§'¶¡" §·§“

Ÿ r«°&

,!D)$$F.0;$ -T3&1$b-j1,t!:†‡ˆ–5C..Y01$ ;R6N DC*%- Ct!:8F)*6OCYCa%]PNa6ON1,$‚yTC! 01d?O:%6CD=.s%+!D58X!

70;8p! 56\ L,s+3(,K!D!#.,t!5$r10U!:a]6KJ AC*%-/0;8p!%H%6Po$&M,s])s]c)t5$0;|! )*%6$F-T;3&s56sC*656$ &m

n,$01$L+Y: "!:/$&MY1$R6|2$k5$A:7$&MY.$0568N$*U!b%01$ C*%6(D)(!6$ -}#7w!:0A)*PN1,$ ™zšz›’r3&:%'%!:)D0(!:`

56D}!D $&%'%!D)*PFD1,$0L.Y01;/$&MY.$0568N$*U&Ks)D1,p70L†‡ˆS! -pˆ s.01s-*Ct3&56}6/.0;1D`*C3(%]$C

!:t-…sC3€%6$C`ŽsC3€%6$C#6*;$0(!D3&56D&mLšc… |2$0U!b%'%k3&D,$01$*F.*3&;C01$£!:0+$ 70;8 ;,*p5$N:7 01$ C*%6(&m

n,*F.*3&1C0;$==y2C! *]U!:]|2$4%]Pg7C*%'%]P3&a51$*F 61, !i8N$ 3(,!:*8 L,*3€,!:1;056)C;$ F1\sC3€%6$ !:0

!:)t50;.56D… 7c!p.0;$`Ž0;$ 5D!:sr5U!:1$F;,$N.!jD)5$01|2$ -}†‡ˆ9ŠC..0;$ 1a]DŒ*m¤n,Y$p1C-*Po:7¦f)Y`af•)

(10)

.0;s-*C3&]D=0U!:;$701D8B1,$‚!:)01.Y56N)$,!|T6DC0K2!D$&MY.$0568N$*U!b%'%6P?)$01|2$ -? 61,#%'6O,s1$063(+-s$*

.0;-1$ 3&H%6$ LC.\;pC*%6.,*CY0mJs1$OD0(!:;$ -p}68N.!3&c.! 0(!:8N$;$0K;,$#8N$ !C01$b-i†‡ˆ¯.0;s-*C3&]D[0U!:;$

L! 7w!D3&1D0L§'¶2G §·§›#)$&%6 ¯1,$z|D!%]CY$z$&MY.$b3&1$ -#701D8 sC3€%6$ ! 0L! )5D01.]D\!D$&M;0(! . %!:1$b-X70;8

.0;$|T6DC$&MY.$0568N$s(!b%t01$ C*%6(&msn,$c8N25A3&$*;0(!b%Y]s1$0(!3456A!:0;$z!7w!3410‚§“„"‹§·§ ¡j)$&%6 S1,Y$

$&MY.$ 3&1$b- |D!b%6C$²mn,*$&žŸ$ 3&¤.0;)! )*%6Pp01$byTC*60;$ ;,$D5$L:7!j|2$01PN-*$t5$k5(! 1$z 78p! 1;$0;O$1,$0

61,o|2$01PX5.$ 3€'vŸ3?8p! 1;$0L.01D.$01]$b¦;F)$ƒ!334Cs1$ -=7D0m

šzk!b%601$ !D-*P\8N$*6$ -ŸKJ$|2$0(!%¤! C1,Y0(XEHG4¡I¤! 1106)C1$N1,s+z|2$0;P/.$b3&C*%'!:0? |2$0(!%H%)$,!|T6CY0#1

1,Y$L$¤:78N$Y$ Z.,*PYR34m”;,$0U,!|2$c-*$|2$&%6D.$b-=;3&$! 0562¤ L,*3€,XyTCt!:s56(! 56|2$&%6PF01$.Y01s-*C34$

1,Y$¦7$ ! 1C0;$ •:71,$k-!:U!zC.p1F2`w´S01$ !D3&56tzEx¥ IaK)YC•7w!b'%Ÿ1#$4M.*%!]X1,$cf•)`wf•)/-!:U!*m}0;$0;$ 3&$s

D01dY#E'G¥ I3&a-*$0?!%+=6*;$0(!D3&56D 61,£3&8N |2$0(L! -}! 01$F! )*%6$#;p! ..01²!3(,gyTCt!b%'6(!:6|2$&%6P}1,Y$

$&MY.$0568N$*U!b%kf•)`wf•)V01$b5C*%6(4mc: A$|2$0K ;,$P_.2D05%6PS01$.Y01s-*C34$i;,$/01$ C*%6(=D)(!6$ -S5\7w!:0F70

%'6O,s1$0N.01 -1$ 3&5'%6$ N!:-Z.01D1D` 6-sC3&$ -V0;$ !3&64K L,$01$ !D=!\O2s-S! O01$$8=$*F 61,Q1,$b5$o-!:U!

5,YC*%-})$?)s|T6CtR%6P\!#.0;$01$byTC*a];$# 7¤! *P/$&MY.*%!:! 56\ 7•;,$?01$ C*%6(L.01$b5$s1$ -=6};,*¦.t!:.$0m

ª ªs:ªs2ª*°

EHG4I#ms!: &2Kšm˜L$|Ÿm™Ct3€%wmf•! 01mJT3€wmJ›D¥uhUG‘’D¥Tl‚„:¡²¥

—Lm'!:$0;8p! KJ<cC! 01d\!:;1$0 ‘“*K™cC3€%wmf•,sP4mšµ“sG§ph(G‘‘“2l?G3Dm

Ex„ IFnzm\!:U5C*! -rms! &2Kf•,sP4m'J$1mœµG ¶ ’ph(G‘D’“2lL¡G“*m

Ex› I=>cmœL!:O %']]Kf•,sP4m 'J$;mœ¯„„§/h(G‘D’‘2l¡s¶2G

'•m~01$ --Kn,$ a&KŸ´*6|2$0(a6$rœ%!b5$ƒf•!;3!b%wK>•%]$018Ns1`w~t$010(! -WhUG‘D‘*G:l

>cmœL!:O %']]Kf•,sP4m 'J$;mœ¯„¥¥/h(G‘D‘*G l¡²¥‘

>cmœL!:O %']]Kf•,sP4m 'J$;mœ¯„T¶ §/h(G‘D‘*G lzG§¥

>cm'JCY01$34]KJ<cC!:0;d\!:;1$0 ‘›sK™C3€%wmf•,*PY&mšB¥D““ph(G‘D‘:¡slz¶¶b3

š#mYœ01,t!:*wKŸn,$ R4KJ´s]|2$0(R6$#f6$0;01$?$\!:06$ >¤CY056$2KŸf•!:0+zh(G‘‘D“Tl(m

E¡DIFš#m>A!:.$&%'%!]Kf•,sP4m'J$1mœ¯„§“/h(G‘D’’2lL›D¥:¡

(11)

>cmJec$0(;3€,Y$&%! -i†mC*7$0Kf•,*PY&m 'J$1mœ^„D§T¶phUG‘’D’Tl‚„¥D›

mJek!|T6 ]Kf•,sP4m'J$1mœ¯„§2¶ph(G‘’’2lL„D¥T¶

†mx`wfmœ%! &k!:-/†mx`±Fm”L%'%'];0(! C*%6Kf•,sP4m'J$1mœ^„sG:¶Nh(G‘D’‘2lc›‘D„

>cmJec$0(;3€,Y$&%! -i†mC*7$0Kmf•,sP4mJ>¯¥“ph(G‘‘„2lzG ¶2G

†mC*7$0c! -}œzmm z.$&%'6 |T3(,KJf•,sP4m˜¦$|Jm 'J$1mJ¶ “ph(G‘D‘“2lzG‘„*m

Ex¥ IF@#mz,! 0 &$$|p! -#ms!: &2Kf•,*PY&m'J$1mœ¯›“D“uhUG‘D‘“Tl¦›*G“N!:t-i01$47$01$t3&$ ;,$0;$&6m

Ex“ I=2$$?.0;$ 3&$ -2]YO#%]$11$0L:7¤;,*‚1C$2m

E¶I=>cm'JCY01$34Kn,$ a&KŸ´*6|2$0(a-!-*$ƒn $ 3&*3!F-s$ ')²!}h(G‘D‘¥2l(m

Ex’ I_meL%Ct3€d ]KmYf•,*PY&mJ>¯¥D›uhUG‘D‘„TlkG„2¶

_meL%Ct3€d ]Kf•,sP4m 'J$;mœ¯›§D“ih(G‘‘›2lL›D‘*GDm

Ex‘ I#†mœL!-2]$0]Kmf•,sP4m„§ph(G‘’›2lzG§*G

@#m_mš¦%-*$]Kf•,*PY&m˜L$|Ÿm 'J$;m““ph(G‘‘sG:l?G››

'•mšs1D*! & &&]Kf•,sP4m˜¦$|Ÿm@ ¡²“uhUG‘‘D„TlL¡²’„D’

_mHtm z ]; ]Kf•,sP4m˜¦$|Ÿm 'J$1mJ¶b„uhUG‘D‘:¡*l G›*G’*m

EHG§:INe#mš#mT3€,sC*%6$0K>A—¤˜™`wn#m'¶2G:¶b§T‡b‘:¡m

EHGDG&I _mec*6]KJ<cC!:0;d\!:;1$0 ‘“sKJ™Ct3€%wmf•,*PY&mšB“sG§ph(G‘D‘“2lL¡2§ ¡23m

EHG„:IN>cm³Bm-*$?†s!:O$0 ]KšL18F3z-! (!N!:-/*C3(%]$b!:0k-!:U! U!:)*%6$ ?G&¡/h(G‘T¶¡slL¡2’D¥*m

EHG›:IN>cmœL!:O:%'6]Kf•,*PY&m 'J$1mœ^„D¥*G=hUG‘‘D§TlA¡*¶b„*m

EHG4¡Iƒ@#mz,!:0 &$$|ŸK<cC! 01d\! 11$0 ·‘“sK™C3€%wmf•,sP4mš “*G§ih(G‘‘“2lL¡G’3

†mx`wfmœ%! &k!:-/†mx`±Fm”L%'%'];0(! C*%6Kf•,sP4m˜¦$|Ÿm 'J$1mJ¶D¶=hUG‘D‘“Tl G:¶ §D›

™#mYš018N$ 5; ]Kf,sPY&m˜L$|Jm 'J$1mJ¶¶Nh(G‘‘“2lc›T¶b›“

>cmx±ƒm*³gOYK <cC! 01d\! 11$0 ·‘“sK™C3€%wmf•,sP4mš “*G§ih(G‘‘“2lL¡2› ¡23

@#mz,! 0 &$$|]Kmf•,*PY&mJ>¯¶¡/h(G‘‘2¶lc›D§T¶2m

EHG¥:Iƒš#m>A! .$4%H%! ]Kf•,*PY&m'J$;mYœ^›D‘›ihUG‘‘2¶lA¡2›sG

mJek!|T6£!:-/˜?m DOKf,sPY&m˜L$|Jm 'J$1mJ¶ ’ph(G‘‘T¶Dl?G§D§“sm

Z

(12)

G „·„2¶§·§D“ Q§]G“

! „ „H¶²G §·§2¶Q§]G‘

G’:¡ „x¡²„ §]G“ Q§·„ ¡

¶ “sG“ „·„ ¡ §·§D› Q§]G’

j ¡2›sG§D§ „·¥D“ §·§ ¡ Q§]G’

n!:)*%6$pG

n,$N@0;$&%'%6`Ž±A!: z` 7w!D3&1D0m }$b!5CY01$8N$s( A$01$ƒ-*$N! ?¡2¥§}ec$4#‡ 7D0z.`._! -}.`w-hw$&M.$068=$s

™zšz¥sG:lUK2„§D§ƒec$4r‡7D0¤.`Ž³ !:-p2`w´^ha$&MY.$0568N$s•™zšk›’Tl !:-/G¥D’ ec$4#‡ 70Af•)`wf•)ihw$&M.$068=$s

™zšz¥D§TlUm

Z Z

(13)

-

h1ec$4

bl hŽ78/l has)Jl

¡²¥§ G §·§D§ „]G§ Q§]G¥

! ¡²¥§ „ §]G› „]G‘ Q§]G“

¡²¥§ G)·„D„ G H¶b‘ Q§]G&¡

) ¡²¥§ „T¶ G)·’D‘ G ·“D§ Q§]G&¡

¡²¥§ “› „·“D„ G ·“D„ Q§]G›

„D§§ “› „·“D„ G ·“D‘ Q§x¡G

¡²¥§ G’ ¡ ›·‘ ¡ G x¡D¡ Q§]GG

„D§§ G’ ¡ ›·‘ ¡ G x¡²› Q§]G¥

„D§§ „›D’ ¡·¥2¶ G x¡²§ Q§·›¥

„D§§ G§§D’ ›·‘D’ G ·„D’ Q§]G:¶

„D§§ ›D’§D’ ¥·‘D„ G ]G‘ Q§]G“

„D§§ ¶b“*G“ “x¡²‘ G ·§D„ Q§]GG

LL G¥’ ¡2›sG§D§ ’·¥2¶ §·“2¶Q§·§¥

n!:)*%6$F„

n,$F†‡ˆB3&01²1`a$ 3&56D_-T6|2-*$ -\)*P#),+pK6[s)}Cs]U&K01$b13!%]$b-}1/„D§§Wec$4r‡?!:-\01$b3&8N.C;$ -u6

1,Y$jd26$8X!:+3!b%-*D8p!] 59701D8 $&MY.$0568N$*UL™zšz›D’*K™kšz¥*Gr!:-/™zšk¥§*m

Z

(14)

- 9

h1ec$4?l h78il

¥ _¡2¥ “·‘ ¡ §x¡²‘ G‘'¶¯G ·“ §‘¥ Z§·§‘

¡²¥ Z¶ § ·‘D’ §·›D“ G4¡¡ Q§H¶ §'¶¶$Z§·§¥

¶b§ SG§¥ ’·’D“ §·›D§ ’ Q§·› §’*G Z§·§›

G§¥zQG›D¥ ‘x¡²› §]G ¶ ‘ Q§·› §“’ Z§·§›

G›¥zQG:¶b¥ ‘H¶²G §]G¥ ‘H¶$Z§x¡ §“„ Z§·§:¡

) ’¥T¶ ¡ Q§·„ §'¶2G Z§·§›

n!:)*%6$F›

n,$\0U!:56Z:7ƒ1,$\†‡ˆ 1–1,$g@0;$&%'%6`Ž±A!:"3&0;21`a$ 3&]D !D/!–7CY3&56DS:7N34$*;0(!%H6P2K¤01$ ;3!b%6$ -¯!:

„§D§=ec$4#‡ mn,Y$?@01$4%H%6`±A!:o3&01²1`a$ 3&56DuL3&D010;$ 3&1$b-ƒ7D0L1,$rŠ€5²5.*6\$&žŸ$ 34(Œ#!D$&MY.*%!b6$ - 6/1,Y$

1$4M?! -\(!:d2$}]g1,Y$F8p!D1z0(! O$X„*m‘:`¡m·¥\ec$4#‡&mn,$=|D!%]CY$ z:7

"3&0;01$ .D-\1/1,$N!|2$0U!:OD$

:7

hl70?1,Y$F$|2$s(D)5$0;|2$ -i6[$b!3(,\)*6m~tD0?$ !3(,g)*6K1,Y$F +-s1,_ 7L1,Y$N3&0;01$ .D-T6O

S-T5;056)C6\+LO:6|2$m/1,$z%!%'6$F.01$b5$s56ON1,$?0;$ 5C*%6U!|2$0U!:O$b-u |2$0 K1,$?|D!b%6C$bz!:0;$

3&D0101$b3&1$ -N1N(!:d2$z6s1X!33&DCsL1,$r5CY)(! 01O$¦-*$s5'vŸ3!:56D}]Y$/3(]$3&P2m

Z

(15)

!:;8F3j8X!1LsC8F)$0(4mn,$r-!D5,$ -p%']Y$F5,Y: cL1,Y$#!|2$0U!:OD$j|D!%]CY$#:71,$r-! (!*m

Z

(16)

:71,Y$j.Y01-1$ 345'%6$F!:t-i(! 01OD$c!:;8F+3?8p!D1L*CY8F)$0(&mYn,$?01$ C*%6(L)U!b6$ -o!:c¡2¥D§uec$4#‡ z!:t-i1,Y$

f•)`wf)£3&01²1`a$ 3&56Dg!:01$?0;$ 13!%6$ -}!D$&M.s%+!6$ -i6/1,$?1$4Mm

Z 

(17)

)Y(!b6$b-\!:L¡2¥D§iec$4#‡ z!:-/1,$rf•)`wf•)\3&0;21`a$ 3&]D\! 01$#0;$ 13!b%6$ -/!L$&MY.*%!b6$ -p]o1,$?;$&Mm

Z

(18)

±A!:/$|2$s(4m

Z

(19)

Z

Références

Documents relatifs

One can see that the yields in Pb–Pb are above what one would expect if they were proportional to the number of wounded nucleons (straight line), that is the Pb–Pb yields

L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des

HECR Arc, Master of Arts HES-SO en Conservation-restauration Sandra Gillioz, Les adhésifs photopolymérisables employés pour la conservation-restauration du verre,

Assuming full landscape dynamics, i.e. oscillations between sympatry and allopatry, the end of a secondary contact is the beginning of an allopatric phase. The latter makes the

Dans le cadre d’une licence professionnelle au sein de l’institut de technologie de Bouira, j'ai réalisé un stage d’une durée de 04 mois au sein de L’ADE Projets :

This study aims to test the potential of some fungal strains newly isolated from natural environments subjected to high osmotic pressure such as coastal ecosystems, to produce

Second, to estimate the most likely origin of the Swedish and Norwegian oysters, all individuals collected in Sweden and Norway were assigned to the French, Dutch, Irish or

L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des