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HAL Id: jpa-00215767

https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/jpa-00215767

Submitted on 1 Jan 1974

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THE MAGNETIC FIELD NEAR THE SURFACE IN METALLIC IRON

U. Bäverstam, T. Ekdahl, B. Ringström

To cite this version:

U. Bäverstam, T. Ekdahl, B. Ringström. THE MAGNETIC FIELD NEAR THE SUR- FACE IN METALLIC IRON. Journal de Physique Colloques, 1974, 35 (C6), pp.C6-685-C6-686.

�10.1051/jphyscol:19746151�. �jpa-00215767�

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JOURNAL DE PHYSIQUE Colloque C6, supplkment au no 12, Tome 35, Dkcembre 1974, page C6-685

THE MAGNETIC FIELD NEAR THE SURFACE IN METALLIC IRON

U. BAVERSTAM, T. E K D A H L and B. RINGSTROM Institute of Physics, University of Stockholm, Sweden

R6sum6. - Nous avons expose, dans quelques publicationsrecentes [l, 21, une methode de mesure de spectres Mossbauer en fonction de I'epaisseur. Les electrons de conversion retrodiffuds sont selectionnes en energie dans un spectrometre a electrons et les spectres M. E. sont relevts pour diffe- rentes valeurs en energie du spectrometre. Les spectres Mossbauer ainsi mesures correspondent a des electrons presentant differentes distributions en profondeur. Lors de l'analyse des resultats, les donnkes experimentales sont soit combinkes de f a ~ o n

a

fournir des informations sur certaines couches de I'absorbant, soit analysees simultanement a l'aide de fonctions analytiques decrivant la variation des parametres physiques selon la profondeur.

Dans le present travail nous decrivons les rksultats d'une experience utilisant cette technique de mesure en fonction de I'epaisseur par spectroscopie Mossbauer. Nous avons Ctudie le champ magn4 tique dans la couche superficielle (environ 1 000 A) d'une feuille de fer metallique. L'absorbant est une feuille de fer enrichi en 57Fe 11 cm2. Les mesures ont Bte faites dans un vide relativement mediocre et nous avons suppose la presence d'une couche d'oxyde en surface. Cependant, nous n'avons releve aucun spectre d'oxyde et avons donc admis que l'epaisseur de cette couche Ctait infe- rieure

a

20 A.

Plusieurs mesures ont kt6 faites pour cinq valeurs en energie du spectromktre

a

electrons (ainsi que certaines mesures a trks faibles energies correspondant au spectre de la masse de l'echantillon).

Les resultats sont dkcrits dans le tableau I. Les valeurs de champ magnhtique indiquees ont Bte determinees partir du lissage par moindres carres des spectres sous forme d'une somme de lorent- ziennes. On peut constater une diminution sensible de l'eclatement magnetique dans les spectres caracteristiques de la surface. On deduit de ces resultats experimentaux que le champ magnetique decroit au voisinage de la surface de plus de 2 oleo par rapport au champ en profondeur. Analysant le spectre d'aprks les methodes decrites dans les articles cites en reference, on trouve que la diminu- tion du champ a lieu essentiellement dans la couche de 100 A la plus externe de l'absorbant ; admettant une diminution regulikre, on trouve que le champ magnetique au voisinage immediat de la surface est inferieur d'au moins 5 0/,, au champ en profondeur. Des experiences analytiques simples de la variation du champ prks de la surface ne peuvent rendre compte des resultats experi- mentaux. Nous n'avons jusqu'a present pu trouver une explication satisfaisante du phenomene observe.

Abstract. - In some recent papers [I, 21 we have described a method to perform depth selective ME-spectroscopy measurements. Scattered conversion electrons are energy selected in an electron spectrometer, and the ME-spectra are recorded at different energy settings of the spectrometer. The ME-spectra are thus formed from electrons having different depth distributions. In the analysis of the results the measured spectra are either combined to give information on certain depth layers in the scatterer, or simultaneously fitted to assumed analytical depth variations of the physical para- meters.

Here we report the results from an experiment where this depth selective ME-spectroscopy technique has been employed. The hf-field in a surface layer (about 1 0008) of metallic iron was investigated. As the absorber a 1 x 1 cmz foil of enriched iron-57 was used. The measurements were carried out at a rather poor vacuum, and an oxide film was supposed to be present at the surface.

There were no trace of oxide spectra found in the measurements, and so the thickness of this film was supposed to be less than about 2 0 8 .

Several series of measurements were performed at five different energy settings of the electron spectrometer (and also some measurements at very low energy settings corresponding to cc bulk >>

spectra). The results are shown in table I. The values of the hf-fieIds given in the table are found from conventional least-square fittings of the measured spectra to sums of Lorentzians. As seen there is an significant decrease of the magnetic splitting in those spectra that weight the surface most.

From these experimental results it is found that the magnetic field decreases in the vicinity of the surface with more than 2 as compared to bulk. If the spectra are analysed using the techniques described in the references it is found that the decrease mainly takes place in the outermost lOOA of the scatterer, and that, provided the decrease is monotonous, the magnetic field very close to the surface is at least 50/00 smaller than the bulk value. Simple analytical expressions for the variation of the field near the surface can not reproduce the experimental results. We have not yet found any adequate explanation to the phenomena observed.

Article published online by EDP Sciences and available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jphyscol:19746151

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C6-686 U. BAVERSTAM, T. EKDAHL AND B. RINGSTROM

TABLE I

Averages of five independent series. The errors are calculated from the variations between the series

(1 s. d.)

Spectrometer Magnetic field

setting (kOe) A 329.8(0.2) B 329.6(0.2) C 329.5(0.15) D 329.3(0.2) E 329.1(0.15)

References

[1] BAVERSTAM, U., EKDAHL, T., BOHM, C , RINGSTROM, B., [2] BAVERSTAM, U., EKDAHL, T., BOHM, C, LILJEQUIST, D. and

STEFANSSON, V. and LILJEQUIST, D., Nucl. Instr. Meth. RINGSTROM, B., Mossbauer Effect Meth. 9 (eds. C. Seidel 115 (1974) 373. and I. J. Gruverman, Plenum, N. Y.) 1974.

R. L A U R E N Z , E. K L E I N and W. D . B R E W E R

Institut fur Atom- und Festkorperphysik Freie Universitat Berlin, W.-Germany

NMR DETECTED BY MOSSBAUER-EFFECT APPLIED TO THE SYSTEM

57

Co Fe

(to appear in Z . Phys.)

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