انطولوجيا الأدب الهامشي بين النقد والوظيفة رواية الخيال العلمي أنموذجا

ﺔﻔﻴﻅﻭﻝﺍﻭ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﻲﺸﻤﺎﻬﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﻷﺍ ﺎﻴﺠﻭﻝﻭﻁﻨﺍ

ﺎﺠﺫﻭﻤﻨﺃ ﻲﻤﻠﻌﻝﺍ لﺎﻴﺨﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺍﻭﺭ

ﺃ.

ﻲﻓﻭﻠﺨ ﺓﺩﻴﻌﺴ

ﺭﺎﺘﺨﻤ ﻲﺠﺎﺒ ﺔﻌﻤﺎﺠ ﺔﺒﺎﻨﻋ

رئازجلا) (

Abstract :

The concept of literature has changed qualitatively in line with the new reality resulting learners to dialogue creativity in the face of two types of culture, Official culture dedicated by force of law and practice official culture produced in turn officially literature taught in educational institutions shall be subject to criticism and interpretation. In contrast, secondary culture marginalized resulted from consumer literature Does not rise up to penetrate the world of teaching or interpretation which is known as parallel or equivalent or similar or marginal literature that covering the several types, what are the references of this division ?, and what the relationship limits between the parallel literature and transcendental literature ? Among the literature marginal models science fiction novels in which the scientific spoken interferes with the literary spoken across specific dialectic begging strange and embrace the unknown

Résumé:

Le concept de la littérature a qualitativement changé en ligne avec la nouvelle réalité des apprenants au dialogue créativité résultant en face de deux types de culture, la force dédiée de droit et de pratiquer la culture officielle produite à son tour officiellement la littérature enseignée dans les établissements scolaires est soumise à la critique et de l'interprétation. En revanche, la culture secondaire marginalisés abouti à la littérature pour un consommateur ne la hauteur de cette pénètre dans le monde de l'enseignement ou de l'interprétation qui est connu comme parallèle ou équivalent ou de la littérature ou marginales comme celle couvrant les plusieurs types, ce sont les termes de référence de cette division? et quelles sont les limites de la littérature relation transcendante parallèle avec la littérature? Parmi les romans littérature modèles marginaux de science-fiction dans lequel les interfère parlées scientifiques avec l'littéraire parlées à travers la dialectique spécifique mendicité étrange et embrassent l'inconnu.

ﺹﺨﻠﻤﻝﺍ :

ﺭﻴﻐﺘ ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤ ﺏﺩﻷﺍ ﺍﺭﻴﻐﺘ ﺎﻴﻋﻭﻨ ﺎﻴﺸﺎﻤﺘ ﻊﻤ ﻊﻗﺍﻭﻝﺍ ﺩﻴﺩﺠﻝﺍ ﺎﻤﻤ ﻯﺩﺃ ﻥﻴﺴﺭﺍﺩﻝﺎﺒ ﻰﻝﺇ

ﺓﺭﻭﺎﺤﻤ ﻉﺍﺩﺒﻻﺍ ﻙﻝﺫﻭ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻬﺠﺍﻭﻤ

ﻥﻴﻋﻭﻨ ﻥﻤ

،ﺔﻓﺎﻘﺜﻝﺍ ﺔﻓﺎﻘﺜ ﺔﻴﻤﺴﺭ ﺔﺴﺭﻜﻤ ﺓﻭﻘﺒ ﻥﻭﻨﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺭﺎﻤﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺕﺠﺘﻨﺃ

ﺎﻫﺭﻭﺩﺒ ﺎﺒﺩﺃ ﺎﻴﻤـﺴﺭ ﺱﺭﺩـﻴ ﻲـﻓ

ﺕﺎـﺴﺴﺅﻤﻝﺍ

ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻠﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﻊﻀﺨﻴﻭ ﺩﻘﻨﻠﻝ

ﻲﻓﻭ،لﻴﻭﺄﺘﻝﺍﻭ لﺒﺎﻘﻤﻝﺍ

ﺔﻓﺎﻘﺜ ﺔﻴﻭﻨﺎﺜ ﺔﺸﻤﻬﻤ ﺕﻀﺨﻤﺘ ﻥﻋ

ﺏﺩﺃ ﻲﻜﻼﻬﺘﺴﺍ ﻻ

ﻰﻗﺭﻴ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻥﺃ ﺞﻠﻴ ﻡﻝﺎﻋ

ﺱﻴﺭﺩﺘﻝﺍ ﻭﺃ

ﺭﻴﺴﻔﺘﻝﺍ ﻭﻫﻭ ﺎﻤ ﻑﺭﻌﻴ ﺏﺩﻷﺎﺒ ﻱﺯﺍﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﻭﺃ

لﺩﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻭﺃ ﻪﻴﺒﺸﻝﺍ ﻭﺃ ﻲﺸﻤﺎﻬﻝﺍ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ

ﻱﻭﻀﻨﺘ ﻪﺘﺤﺘ ﺓﺩﻋ ﻉﺍﻭـﻨﺃ

،

ﺎﻤﻓ ﻲﻫ ﺕﺎﻴﻌﺠﺭﻤ ﺍﺫﻫ

،؟ﻡﻴﺴﻘﺘﻝﺍ ﺎﻤﻭ

ﺩﻭﺩﺤ ﺔﻗﻼﻋ ﺏﺩﻷﺍ ﻱﺯﺍﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﻷﺎﺒ

؟ﻲﻝﺎﻌﺘﻤﻝﺍ .

ﻥﻤﻭ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺝﺫﺎـﻤﻨ ﺏﺩﻻﺍ ﻲـﺸﻤﺎﻬﻝﺍ

ﺕﺎﻴﺍﻭﺭ لﺎﻴﺨﻝﺍ ﻲﻤﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ لﺨﺍﺩﺘﻴ ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﻲﻜﺤﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻤﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﻊﻤ ﻲﻜﺤﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺭﺒﻋ ﺔﻴﻝﺩﺠ ﺓﺩﺩﺤﻤ لﺴﻭﺘﺘ ﺔﺒﺍﺭﻐﻝﺍ ﺔـﻘﻨﺎﻌﻤﻭ

لﻭﻬﺠﻤﻝﺍ .

ﺔﻤﺩﻘﻤﻝﺍ : ﺩـﻴﺩﺤﺘ لﺠﺃ ﻥﻤ لﺎﻤﻋﻷﺍ ﻑﻠﺘﺨﻤ ﺕﻘﻁﻨﺘﺴﺍ ﺓﺩﻴﺩﻋ ﺕﺎﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝ ﺍﺭﻭﺤﻤ ﺭﺸﻋ ﻊﺴﺎﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﺭﻘﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﺍﺩﺒ ﻊﻤ ﺏﺩﻷﺍ ﻰﺤﻀﺃ

ﻷﺍﻭ ﺉﺩﺎﺒﻤﻝﺍ ﻪﻠﻴﻜﺸﺘ ﻕﺌﺍﺭﻁﻭ ﻪﺘﺎﻴﺎﻏﻭ ﺏﺩﻷﺍ ﺔﻴﻫﺎﻤ ﻲﻓ ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺎﺒ ،ﺔﻴﻋﺍﺩﺒﻹﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﻡﻜﺤﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺱﺴ

.

ﻊـﻤ ﺎﻴﺸﺎﻤﺘ ﺎﻴﻋﻭﻨ ﺍﺭﻴﻐﺘ ﺏﺩﻷﺍ ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤ ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﺭﻴﻐﺘ ﺔﺒﻗﺎﻌﺘﻤ ﺔﻴﺨﻴﺭﺎﺘ ﺓﺭﻭﺭﻴﺴ ﻕﻓﻭ ﺙﻭﺤﺒﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻬﻝ ﻥﻭﺭﻅﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﻯﺩﺼﺘﻭ ﺃ ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺎﺒ ﺔﻔﻠﺘﺨﻤﻝﺍ ﻪﺘﺎﻗﻼﻋ ﻲﻓ ﻉﺍﺩﺒﻹﺍ ﺓﺭﻭﺎﺤﻤ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻥﻴﺴﺭﺍﺩﻝﺎﺒ ﻯﺩﺃ ﺎﻤﻤ ،ﺩﻴﺩﺠﻝﺍ ﻊﻗﺍﻭﻝﺍ ﻊﻘﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﻯﺭﺨﻷﺍ ﻡﻭﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﻭﺃ ﻲﻘﻠﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻭ

ﺔـﺴﺭﺎﻤﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﻥﻭﻨﺎـﻘﻝﺍ ﺓﻭﻘﺒ ﺔﺴﺭﻜﻤ ﺔﻴﻤﺴﺭ ﺔﻓﺎﻘﺜ ،ﺔﻓﺎﻘﺜﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻥﻴﻋﻭﻨ ﺔﻬﺠﺍﻭﻤ ﻲﻓ ﻪﺴﻔﻨ ﺩﻗﺎﻨﻝﺍ ﻰﻔﻝﺃ ﺎﻨﻫﻭ، ﺱﺎﻤﺘﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻪﻌﻤ ﺎﺒﺩﺃ ﺎﻫﺭﻭﺩﺒ ﺕﺠﺘﻨﺃ ﺔـﺸﻤﻬﻤ ﺔـﻴﻭﻨﺎﺜ ﺔـﻓﺎﻘﺜ لـﺒﺎﻘﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓﻭ،لﻴﻭﺄﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺩﻘﻨﻠﻝ ﻊﻀﺨﻴﻭ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻠﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺴﺴﺅﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺱﺭﺩﻴ ﺎﻴﻤﺴﺭ

ﺃ ﻥﻋ ﺕﻀﺨﻤﺘ ﻑﺭـﻌﻴ ﺎـﻤ ﻭﻫﻭ ﺭﻴﺴﻔﺘﻝﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺱﻴﺭﺩﺘﻝﺍ ﻡﻝﺎﻋ ﻰﺠﻠﻴ ﻥﺃ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻰﻗﺭﻴ ﻻ ﻲﻜﻼﻬﺘﺴﺍ ﺏﺩ

ﻱﺯﺍﻭـﻤﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﻷﺎـﺒ ﻭﺃ

ﻲﺸﻤﺎﻬﻝﺍ ﻭﺃ ﻪﻴﺒﺸﻝﺍ ﻭﺃ لﺩﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ، ﻉﺍﻭﻨﺃ ﺓﺩﻋ ﻪﺘﺤﺘ ﻱﻭﻀﻨﺘ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ

ﺔـﻗﻼﻋ ﺩﻭﺩـﺤ ﺎـﻤﻭ ،؟ﻡﻴﺴﻘﺘﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺕﺎﻴﻌﺠﺭﻤ ﻲﻫ ﺎﻤﻓ

؟ﻲﻝﺎﻌﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﻷﺎﺒ ﻱﺯﺍﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﻷﺍ .

ﺎﻨﺭﺘﺨﺍ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻲﻤﻠﻌﻝﺍ لﺎﻴﺨﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﺃ ﻥﺃ ﺎﻤﻠﻋ ﻙﻠﺘﻤﺘ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺔﻴﺜﺤﺒﻝﺍ ﺎﻨﺘﻗﺭﻭ ﻲﻓ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻠﻝ ﺝﺫﻭﻤﻨﻜ ﻩ

، ﺓﺩﺍﺭﻹﺍ ﺏﻭﻠﺴﻤ ﻭﻫﻭ ﺎﻫﺭﺎﻤﻏ ﺽﻭﺨ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺉﺭﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﻊﻓﺩﻴ ﺎﻤﻤ ﺓﺭﺎﺜﻹﺍﻭ ﻕﻴﻭﺸﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺼﺎﺨ لﺩﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﻷﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﺍﻭﺭ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻫﺭﻴﻐﻜ لـﺴﻭﺘﺘ ﺓﺩﺩﺤﻤ ﺔﻴﻝﺩﺠ ﺭﺒﻋ ﻲﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﻲﻜﺤﻤﻝﺍ ﻊﻤ ﻲﻤﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﻲﻜﺤﻤﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻴﻓ لﺨﺍﺩﺘﻴ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻤﻭﻠﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ لﺌﺎﻫ ﻡﻜ ﺩﺍﺭﻴﺇ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﺍ ﻊـﻤﺘﺠﻤﻝ ﻪـﺘﺭﺩﺎﻐﻤﻭ ﺎـﻬﺒﺍﻭﺒﺃ ﺭﺨﻵ ﻪﻗﻼﻏﺈﺒ ﻻﺇ ﺎﻬﻨﻤ ﻪﻝ ﺝﺭﺨﻤ ﻻ ﺔﻫﺎﺘﻤ ﻲﻓ ﺉﺭﺎﻘﻝﺎﺒ ﻲﻤﺭﺘﻝ ،لﻭﻬﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻘﻨﺎﻌﻤﻭ ﺔﺒﺍﺭﻐﻝ

ﺩﻴﺩﺠ ﻥﻤ ﻲﻌﻗﺍﻭﻝﺍ ﻪﻤﻝﺎﻋ ﻊﻤ ﻰﻁﺎﻌﺘﻴ ﻭﻫﻭ ﻰﺘﺤ ﻪﺘﻻﺅﺎﺴﺘ لﻜ ﻪﻌﻤ لﻤﺤﻴ ﺩﻗﻭ ،لﻴﺨﺘﻤﻝﺍ .

1 - ﺢﻠﻁﺼﻤﻝﺍ ﺩﻴﺩﺤﺘ ) :

ﻲﺸﻤﺎﻬﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﻷﺍ /

ﻱﺯﺍﻭﻤﻝﺍ (

ﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻜﺭﺤﺒ ﺎﻁﺒﺘﺭﻤ ﻲﺸﻤﺎﻬﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﻷﺍ ﺄﺸﻨ ﺔﻴﺴﺎﻴﺴ ﺕﻨﺎﻜ ﺀﺍﻭﺴ ﺔﻋﻭﻨﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻀﺭﺎﻌ

ﻭﺃ ﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﻓ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻴﻋﺎﻤﺘﺠﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻴﺩﺎﺼﺘﻗ

،

ﻕـﻴﻘﺤﺘ ﺏﺒـﺴﺒ ﻥﺭﻘﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻲﻓ ﺭﺜﻜﺃ ﺓﺩﺤﺒ ﺕﻠﺠﺘ ﺎﻬﻨﻜﻝ ﻪﺴﻔﻨ ﺏﺩﻷﺍ ﺓﺩﻻﻭ ﻊﻤ ﺕﺩﻝﻭ لﺒ ﻥﻴﺭﺸﻌﻝﺍ ﻥﺭﻘﻝﺍ ﺓﺩﻴﻝﻭ ﺕﺴﻴﻝ ﻲﻫﻭ ﻥﺃ ﺎﻤﻜ ﺔﻀﺭﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻬﻝ ﺔﻴﺭﺤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻋﻭﻨ ﺕﺤﻨﻤ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻁﺍﺭﻘﻤﻴﺩﻝﺍ ﺕﻠﻌﺠ ﺩﻗ ﻲﻋﺎﻨﺼﻝﺍ ﺭﺼﻌﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﺃ ﺔﻴﻨﺒ

ﻲﻤـﺴﺭﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﻷﺍ

ﻥﻴﻤﺴﻗ ﻰﻝﺍ ﻡﺴﻘﻨﺘ ﺎﻴﺎﻀﻗ ﺽﺭﻌﻴ ﻪﻨﻷ ﻲﺸﻤﺎﻬﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﻸﻝ لﺎﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﺢﺴﻔﻴ :

paralittérature ﺔـﻐﻠﺒ ﻥﺎـﺴﻨﻺﻝ ﻲﻤﻭـﻴﻝﺍ ﻊﻗﺍﻭﻝﺍ

ﺔﻅﻔﻝ ﻥﺃ ﺩﺠﻨ ﺱﻴﻤﺍﻭﻘﻝﺍ ﻑﻠﺘﺨﻤ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻉﻭﺠﺭﻝﺎﺒﻭ ،ﺔﻁﺴﺒﻤ ﻲﻨﻌﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ )

ﺏﻨﺎﺠﺒ ( ﻭﺃ ) لﻭﺤ ( ﻭﺃ ) لﺒﺎﻘﻤ ( ﻙﻝﺫﻜﻭ ) ﺩﻀ ( : Para ﺔﻘﺒﺎﺴﻝﺍ

:Littèratureﺭﺫﺠﻝﺍﻭ ﻌﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻲﻨ ) ﺏﺩﺃ ( ﺏﺩﻷﺍ ﻭﺃ لﺩﺎـﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻭﺃ ﻱﺯﺍﻭـﻤﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﻷﺍ ﻭﺃ ﻪﻴﺒـﺸﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﻷﺍ ﻲﻨﻌﻴ ﻲﺴﻨﺭﻔﻝﺍ ﺢﻠﻁﺼﻤﻝﺍ لﻌﺠ ﺎﻤﻤ

ﻑﺍﺭـﺘﻋﺍ ﻪﻴﺒـﺸﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﻷﺎـﻓ ،ﺕﺍﺭﺎﻴﺨ ﺓﺩﻋ ﻡﺎﻤﺃ ﺎﻨﻌﻀﻴ ﻲﺒﻨﺠﻷﺍ ﺢﻠﻁﺼﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﺠﺭﺘﻝ ﺏﺴﻨﻻﺍ ﺢﻠﻁﺼﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺨﺍﻭ ،ﻲﺸﻤﺎﻬﻝﺍ لﻴﺤﻴ ﻪﻨﺈﻓ لﺩﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﻷﺍ ﺎﻤﺃ ،ﻪﻴﺒﺸ ﺩﺭﺠﻤ ﻪﻨﻷ ﺝﺎﺘﻨﻻﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺔﻴﺒﺩﺃﻼﺒ ﻲﻨﻤﻀ ﻻ ﺎﻤﻭﻫﻭ ﻥﻴﻓﺭﻁﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﻱﻭﺎﺴﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺅﻓﺎﻜﺘﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ

ﻊﻗﺍﻭﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺩﺠﻭﻴ .

ﻰﻠﻋ ﻊﻘﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺝﺎﺘﻨﻻﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻥﻼﻴﺤﻴ ﺎﻤﻬﻨﻷ ،ﺩﺍﺭﻤﻝﺍ ﻰﻨﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺏﺭﻗﻷﺍ ﺎﻤﻫ ﻲﺸﻤﺎﻬﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﻷﺍﻭ ﻱﺯﺍﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﻷﺎﻓ ﺍﺫﻬﻝ

ﻪﻌﻤ ﺓﺯﺍﻭﻤﻝﺎﺒ ﺭﻴﺴﻴﻭ ﻲﻗﺍﺭﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﻷﺍ ﺵﻤﺎﻫ .

ﺔﻨﺴ ﻲﻓ (La rousse) ﺔﻨﺴ ﻥﻤ ﺀﺍﺩﺘﺒﺍ

1984 ﺍ ﺏﺩﻷﺍ ﺱﻭﻤﺎﻗ ﻡﺜ ﺭﺍﺩ ﻥﻋ ﺭﺩﺎﺼﻝ

(Le Robert) ﺍﺫـﻫ لﺨﺩ ﺩﻗﻭ

ﺱﻭﻤﺎﻗ ﺢﻠﻁﺼﻤﻝﺍ

1986 ﺔﻨﺴ ﻲﻓﻭ ، 1992

ﺔـﻴﻌﻤﺎﺠﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﻭـﺸﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ ﺭﺩﺎﺼﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﻸﻝ ﻲﻤﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺱﻭﻤﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﻤﻀ ﺢﻠﻁﺼﻤﻝﺍ ﺝﺭﺩﺃ

ﺔﻴﺴﻨﺭﻔﻝﺍ

1PUFs ﺍ لﻘﺤ ﻰﻝﺇ لﻭﻷﺍ ﻅﻔﻠﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﺸﻴ ﺫﺇ ،ﻪﻴﺒﺸﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﻷﺍﻭ ﺩﺎﻀﻤﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﻷﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺍﺭﻴﺒﻜ ﻼﺨﺍﺩﺘ ﺩﻬﺸﻴ ﻱﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﻥﺍﺩﻴﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﻻﺇ ﺏﺩﻷ

ﺔـﻴﺍﻭﺭﻝﺍﻭ ﻥﻴـﻤﻠﻌﻝﺍ لﺎـﻴﺨﻝﺍ ﺔـﻴﺍﻭﺭﻭ ﺕﺎﻁﺤﻤﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﺃ ﻭ ﺔﻠﺴﻠﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺍﻭﺭﻝﺍ ﻡﻀﻴﻓ ،ﻲﻤﺴﺭﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﻷﺍ ﻕﺎﻁﻨ ﺝﺭﺎﺨ ﻊﻘﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ

ﻕﺭـﺨ ﺕﺩﺍﺭﺃ ﻲـﺘﻝﺍ ﻉﺍﻭﻨﻷﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺔﻓﺎﻀﻹﺎﺒ ﻡﻭﺴﺭﻤﻝﺍ ﻁﻴﺭﺸﻝﺍﻭ ،ﻲﺒﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﻷﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺩﺭﻭﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺍﻭﺭﻝﺍ ﻭﻠﻔﻁﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﺃﻭ ،ﺔﻴﺴﻝﻭﺒﻝﺍ ﻭﺎﺤﻤ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻤﺍﺭﺩﻭﻠﻴﻤﻝﺍ لﺜﻤ ﻱﺩﻴﻠﻘﺘﻝﺍ ﻲﻨﻔﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺎـﺴﻨﺭﻓ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺩﻴﺩﺠﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺍﻭﺭﻝﺍﻭ ﻲﺤﺭﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻉﻭﻨﻝﺍ ﺀﺎﻘﻨ ﺃﺩﺒﻤ ﺭﻴﺴﻜﺘﻝ ﺎﻬﺘﻝ

) ﻥﻻﺃ

ﺭﻭﺘﻭﺒ لﺎﺸﻴﻤ ،ﺕﻭﺭﺎﺴ ﻲﻝﺎﺘﺎﻨ ،ﻪﻴﺒﺭﻏ ﺏﻭﺭ (...

ﺓﺩﺎﺘﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺌﺍﻭﺭﻝﺍ ﺩﻋﺍﻭﻘﻝﺍ ﺭﺴﻜ ﺕﻓﺩﻬﺘﺴﺍ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺎﻤﻨﻴﺒ ،2

ﺏﺩﻷﺍ لﻘﺤ ﻡﻀﻴ

ﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺍﻭﺭﻝﺎﻓ ،لﻜﺸﻝﺍ ﺏﺎﺴﺤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻥﻭﻤﻀﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﺩﻘﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻜﻼﻬﺘﺴﻻﺍ ﻉﺍﻭﻨﻷﺍ لﻜ ﻱﺯﺍﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﺩﺎـﻀﻤﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﻷﺍ ﻰـﻝﺇ ﻲﻤﺘﻨ

)

ﺓﺩﻴﺩﺠﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺍﻭﺭﻝﺍ (

ﻲﻓ ﻥﻤﻜﻴ ﻑﻼﺘﺨﻻﺍ ﻥﻜﻝ ،ﺔﻴﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺔﺴﺴﺅﻤﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺘﺭﻗﺃ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻝﺎﻤﺠﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻗﺭﺨ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﺯﺍﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺍﻭﺭﻝﺍ ﻊﻤ ﻙﺭﺘﺸﺘ

ﻴﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍ ﺩﻋﺍﻭﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﻭﻜ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﺓﺩﻴﺩﺠﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺍﻭﺭﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺩﻋﺍﻭﻘﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ لﻤﻌﺘ ﺎﻤﻨﻴﺒ ،ﺀﺎﻴﻤﻋ ﺔﻔﺼﺒ لﻤﻌﺘ ﺔﻴﻜﻼﻬﺘﺴﻻﺍ ﻉﺍﻭﻨﻷﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔ

ﺎﺤﻤﻭ ﺎﻬﻗﺭﺨ ﺎﻬﻘﻁﻨﻤ ﺭﻴﺴﻜﺘ ﺔﻝﻭ

.3

ﺔﻀﺭﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻋﺯﻨ ﻥﻋ ﺎﻤﺃ ﺎـﻤ ﻭﻫﻭ ،ﻪﺴﻔﻨ ﺱﻨﺠﻝﺍ ﺕﺴﻤ ﺎﻤﻜ ﺔﺒﺎﺘﻜﻝﺍ ﺔﻐﻝ ﺕﺴﻤ ﺎﻬﻨﺈﻓ ﺔﺸﻤﻬﻤﻝﺍ ﺱﺎﻨﺠﻷﺍ ﺎﻬﺘﻠﻤﺤ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ

ﺭـﺼﻋ ﻲـﻓ ﻱﺭﺭـﺤﺘﻝﺍ ﺭـﻜﻔﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺫ ﺔﻴـﺴﻨﺎﻤﻭﺭﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﺫﺒ ﺕﻠﻤﺤ ﺎﻬﻨﻷ لﻭﺍﺩﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻪﻝﺎﻤﻋﺍ ﺕﻌﻨﻤ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﺒﺴﻜﺸ ﻊﻤ ﺙﺩﺤ ﻤﻝﺍ ﻊﻤ ﻻﺇ ﺏﺩﻷﺍ ﺓﺭﻴﻅﺤ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺩﻌﺘ ﻡﻠﻓ ،ﺔﻴﻜﺴﻼﻜﻝﺍ ﻲﺴﻨﻤﻭﺭﻝﺍ ﺏﻫﺫ

.

ﻥﻤﺯﻝﺎـﺒ ﺕﻔـﺼﻋﻭ ،ﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﻨﺍﻭﻗ ﻕﺭﺨ ﺕﻝﻭﺎﺤ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺓﺩﻴﺩﺠﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺍﻭﺭﻝﺎﺒ ﺔﻴﺴﻨﺭﻔﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺒﺩﻻﺍ ﺔﺴﺴﺅﻤﻝﺍ ﻑﺍﺭﺘﻋﺍ لﻌﻝﻭ ﺔﺴﺴﺅﻤﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﻭﺒﺨﻨﻝﺍ ﺔﻓﺎﻘﺜﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﻁﻴﺴﻝ ﺔﺤﻀﺍﻭ ﺓﺭﻭﺼ ﻭﻫ ،ﺔﻴﺍﻭﺭﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺎﻜﺤ ﻰﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺎﻜﺤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺍﻭﺭ ﻥﻤ ﺕﻝﻭﺤﺘﻭ ﺔﻴﺼﺨﺸﻝﺍﻭ

ﺎﻅ ﺕﻨﺎﻜ ﺎﻤﻴﻓ ،ﻱﻭﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﻲﻝﺎﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﻭﺤﻨ ﻉﻭﺯﻨ ﻭﻫﻭ ﺔﻨﻴﺠﻬﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺘﺎﻓﺎﻘﺜﻝ ﺍﺭﻅﻨ ﺎﻜﻴﺭﻤﺃ ﻲﻓ ﺍﺭﺎﺸﺘﻨﺍﻭ ﺓﺃﺭﺠ ﺭﺜﻜﺃ ﻱﺯﺍﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﻷﺍ ﺓﺭﻫ

،ﻲﻓﺎﻘﺜﻝﺍ ﻲﻝﺎﺘﻝﺎﺒﻭ ﻲﻓﺭﻌﻝﺍﻭ ﻱﻭﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﺢﻗﻼﺘﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻤﺌﺎﻘﻝﺍ

ﺔـﻓﺭﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﻴﺩـﻘﺘ ﻰـﻠﻋ ﺱﺴﺄﺘﻴ ﻪﻨﻷ ﻙﻝﺫﻓ ﺔﻴﻝﺎﻤﺠ ﺔﻝﻭﻘﻤ ﺎﻬﻨﻤ ﺭﺜﻜﺃ ﺔﻴﺠﻭﻝﻭﻴﺩﻴﺍ ﺔﻝﻭﻘﻤ ﻲﺸﻤﺎﻬﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﻷﺍ ﺭﺒﺘﻏﺃ ﺍﺫﺇ ﻭ ،لﻜﺸﻝﺍ ﺏﺎﺴﺤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺓﺭﻜﻔﻠﻝ ﺭﺎﺼﺘﻨﻹﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻭﻔﺸﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺒﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺹﻭﺼﻨﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺭﺸﻋ ﻊﺴﺎﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﺭﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻲﻨﺎﺜﻝﺍ ﻑﺼﻨﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺭﻬﻅ ﺩﻗﻭ

ﻥﻴﻝﺍﻭﺠﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﺃ ﻭ ﻁﻴﺭﺸﻝﺍﻭ ،ﻲﻤﻠﻌﻝﺍ لﺎﻴﺨﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺍﻭﺭﻭ ﺔﻴﺴﻴﻝﻭﺒﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺍﻭﺭﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺭﺼﺘﻗﺍ ﺩﻘﻓ ﻥﻴﺭﺸﻌﻝﺍ ﻥﺭﻘﻝﺍ ﺭﺨﺍﻭﺃ ﻥﻤ ﺀﺍﺩﺘﺒﺍ ﺎﻤﺃ ،

ﺓﺭﻭﺼﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺍﻭﺭﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺩﺭﻭﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺍﻭﺭﻝﺍﻭ ﻡﻭﺴﺭﻤﻝﺍ 4

- ﻬﻤﻝﺍ ﺏﺍﺩﻵﺍ لﻘﺤﺒ ﻥﻭﻨﺭﺎﻘﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﺘﻫﺍ ﻲـﻓ ﻲﻤـﺴﺭﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﻷﺍ ﻕﻓﺍﺭﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﻉﺍﻭﻨﻷﺍ ﻥﻋ ﻑﺸﻜﻠﻝ ﺔﻝﻭﺎﺤﻤ ﻲﻓ ﺔﺸﻤ

،ﺔﻴﺒﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺏﺍﺩﻵﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻴﻠﺠﺘ ﺭﺜﻜﺃ ﻭﺩﺒﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﻡﻤﻷﺍ ﻑﻠﺘﺨﻤ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺔﻴﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺕﺎﻗﻼﻌﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺀﻭﻀﻝﺍ ﺀﺎﻘﺘﻝﺇ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﺕﻤﺼ ﺍﻭ ﺔﻝﺀﺎﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻊﻀﻭﻤ ﺏﺩﻷﺍ ﻊﻀﺘﻭ ﺕﺒﺍﻭﺜﻝﺍ لﺨﻠﺨﺘ ﺏﺩﻸﻝ ﺔﻴﺭﻅﻨ ﻊﻀﻭ لﺠﺃ ﻥﻤ ﻡﺜ ﺩﺠﺘ ﺎـﻬﻝ ﻰﻨﺴﺘﻴ ﻰﺘﺤ ﻙﺸﻝ

ﺩـﻴ

ﺎﻫﺍﻭﺘﺤﻤ .

- ﻭﺩﺭﻭﺒ ﺔﻌﻤﺎﺠ ﻲﻓ ﺕﻨﺎﻜﻓ ﺕﺎﺒﺎﺘﻜﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻬﺒ ﺀﺎﻨﺘﻋﻻﺍ ﺔﻴﺍﺩﺒ ﻥﻋ ﺎﻤﺃ 1961،1963

ﺔـﻴﻝﺎﻌﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺏﺍﺩﻵﺍ ﺔﻴﻀﻗ ﺡﺭﻁ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ

ﻰﻘﺘﻠﻤ ﻡﺜ ،ﺎﻴﻨﺩﻝﺍ ﺏﺍﺩﻵﺍﻭ )

ﻲﺴﺭﻴﺴ ( ﻩﺩﻭﺩﺤ ﺕﻨﻴﻌﺘﻭ ﻲﺸﻤﺎﻬﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﻷﺍ ﺢﻠﻁﺼﻤ ﺩﺩﺤﺘ ﻥﻴﺃ .5

- ﻰﻝﺇ ﺢﻤﻁﻴ ﻻ ﻪﻨﻷ ﺔﻁﻴﺴﺒﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻋﺎﻤﺘﺠﻻﺍ ﺔﻘﺒﻁﻝﺍ لﻜﺎﺸﻤﺒ ﻲﺸﻤﺎﻬﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﻷﺍ ﻁﺒﺘﺭﺍ ﺎـﻤ ﺭﺩـﻘﺒ ﻥﻤﺯﻝﺍ ﺭﺒﻋ ﺩﺘﻤﻴ ﺭﻭﻬﻤﺠ

ﺉﺭﺎﻘﻝﺍ لﻭﺼﻓ ﺓﺭﺎﺜﺇ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻉﺯﻨﺘ ﺔﺸﻤﻬﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺍﻭﺭﻝﺍ ﻥﻷ ،ﺡﺭﻔﻝﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺔﺠﻬﺒﻝﺍ ﺩﺤ ﻰﻝﺇ لﺼﻴ ﻲﺴﻔﻨ ﺭﺜﺃ ﻕﻴﻘﺤﺘ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺢﻤﻁﻴ ﺏﺩﻷﺍ ﺓﺍﺯﺍﻭﻤﺒ ﺩﻴﻌﺒ ﺩﻬﻋ ﺫﻨﻤ ﺕﻤﺼ ﻲﻓ ﺭﻴﺴﺘ ﺕﻨﺎﻜ ﺔﻴﺯﺍﻭﻤﻝﺍ لﺎﻤﻋﻷﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻥﺃ ﻊﻤﻭ ،ﻪﻴﻓ ﺔﻴﺴﺤﻝﺍ ﺏﻨﺍﻭﺠﻝﺍ ﺔﺒﻁﺎﺨﻤﺒ ﺯﺭﺒﺘ ﻡﻝ ﺎﻬﻨﺃ ﻻﺇ ﻥﻴﻝﺎﻌﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻤﻫﺃ ﺓﺩﺩﻌﺘﻤ لﻤﺍﻭﻋ ﺭﻴﺜﺄﺘﺒ ﻻﺇ لﻜﺸﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻬﺒ ﺔﻴﻓﺎﻘﺜﻝﺍ ﺔﺤﺎﺴﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ

:

- ﺔﻴـﺼﺎﺨﻝ لﺎـﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﺢﺘﻓﻭ ،ﺓﺩﻴﺩﺠ ﻊﻴﻀﺍﻭﻤﻭ ﺍﺩﻴﺩﺠ ﺎﻗﻭﺫ ﺞﺘﻨﺃ ﻭ ﺭﺸﻋ ﻊﺴﺎﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﺭﻘﻝﺍ ﻩﺩﻬﺸ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻲﻋﺎﻨﺼﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﻁﺘﻝﺍ

ﺏﻠﻁﻝﺍﻭ ﺽﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﻥﻭﻨﺎﻘﻝ ﺕﻌﻀﺨ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺔﺒﺎﺘﻜﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻨﻤﻭ ﺕﺎﻴﻜﻭﻠﺴﻝﺍ ﻑﻠﺘﺨﻤ ﺕﻝﺎﻁ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻌﻠﺴﻝﺍ .

- ﻡﺎﻬﺴﺇ ﻓﺎﺤﺼﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻝ ﺭﻓﻭ ﺙﻴﺤ ﺔﻠﺴﻠﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﺍﻭﺭﻝﺍ ﺭﺸﻨ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ،ﺏﺩﻷﺍ ﺍﺫﻬﻝ ﺞﻴﻭﺭﺘﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺕﻤﻀ ﺎﻤﻨﻴﺒ ،ﺭﺸﻨﻝﺍ

ﺭﻴﻓﻭﻝﺍ ﺢﺒﺭﻝﺍﻭ ﺭﻴﺒﻜﻝﺍ ﻊﻴﺯﻭﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻓﺎﺤﺼﻠﻝ ﺔﻴﺍﻭﺭﻝﺍ .

- ﻲـﻓ ﺔـﻤﻅﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﻴﺭﺠﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ ﺎﻨﻜﻤﻤ ﺙﻴﺩﺤﻝﺍ ﻥﻜﻴ ﻡﻠﻓ ،ﺔﻴﻤﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻓﺎﺸﺘﻜﻻﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻴﺯﺍﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻋﺍﺩﺒﻻﺍ ﻑﻠﺘﺨﻤ ﺓﺩﺎﻔﺘﺴﺍ

ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺴﻴﻝﻭﺒﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺍﻭﺭﻝﺍ لﻴﻠﺤﺘ ﺞﺌﺎﺘﻨ ﻡﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﻑﺭﻌﻴ ﻥﺃ ﻥﻭﺩ ﺏﻁﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺎﻬﻠﺤ ﺩﻤﺘﻌﻴ

(ADN) ﻻﻭ،

ﻁﻴﺭﺸﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ ﺙﻴﺩﺤﻝﺍ

ﺔﻋﺎﺒﻁﻝﺍ لﺌﺎﺴﻭ ﺭﻭﻁﺘﺘ ﻥﺃ لﺒﻗ ﻡﻭﺴﺭﻤﻝﺍ

6

- ﺔﻴﺒﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺏﺍﺩﻵﺍ ﻭ ﺔﺸﻤﻬﻤﻝﺍ ﺏﺍﺩﻵﺍ ﻁﺎﺸﻨﻝ لﺎﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﺢﺘﻓ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻲﺴﻨﺎﻤﻭﺭﻝﺍ ﺏﻫﺫﻤﻝﺍ .

- ﺎﻀﻘﻝﺍ ﻑﻠﺘﺨﻤ ﺭﻭﺎﺤﻴﻓ ،ﻩﺭﺼﻋ ﻊﻤ ﻱﺯﺍﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﻷﺍ ﺎﻬﻤﻴﻘﻴ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﺸﺎﺒﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻗﻼﻌﻝﺍ ﺭﺼﻌﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻥﺎﺴﻨﺇ ﺎﻬﺸﻴﻌﻴ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺎﻴ

.

2 - ﻲﺸﻤﺎﻬﻝﺍﻭ ﻲﻤﺴﺭﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﻷﺍ ﺩﻭﺩﺤ :

- ﻩﺭﻴﺜﺘ ﺎﻤ لﻭﺃ لﻌﻝ ﻥﻤ ﺔﺴﺭﻜﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﺴﺭﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻝﺎﻤﺠﻝﺍ ﻯﻭﺘﺴﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺀﺍﻭﺴ ﺔﻀﺭﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻀﻗ ﻲﻫ ﻪﻴﺒﺸﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﻷﺍ ﺔﻝﺄﺴﻤ

ﺎﻴﺠﻭﻝﻭﻴﺩـﻴﻼﻝ ﺽﺭﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺯﺍﻭﻤﻝﺍ لﺎﻤﻋﻷﺍ ﻥﻭﻤﻀﻤ ﺙﻴﺤ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻴﺠﻭﻝﻭﻴﺩﻴﻻﺍ ﻯﻭﺘﺴﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻴﻓﺎﻘﺜﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺴﺅﻤﻝﺍ لﺒﻗ ﺏﺍﺩﻵﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺢﺘﻔﺘﺘ ﺎﻬﻠﻌﺠ ﺎﻤﻤ ،ﺓﺩﺌﺎﺴﻝﺍ ﺕﺒﺒـﺴﺘ ﺩـﻘﻓ ﺔﻴﻁﺍﺭﻘﺘﺴﻻﺍ ﺔﻘﺒﻁﻠﻝ ﺔﻀﻫﺎﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺒﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺏﺍﺩﻵﺍﻭ ،ﺔﻴﻝﺎﻴﻨﻭﻝﻭﻜﻝﺍ

ﺔـﻴﻨﺍﺩﺭﻔﻝﺍ ﺔﻋﺯﻨﻝﺍ ﺩﻋﺎﺼﺘﻭ ﻥﺎﻜﺴﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻉﺎﻔﺘﺭﺍﻭ ﻲﻋﺎﻨﺼ ﺭﻭﻁﺘ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻴﻨﺎﺴﻨﻻﺍ ﺓﺎﻴﺤﻝﺍ ﺕﺯﻴﻤ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﺩﺠﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﻴﻐﺘﻝﺍ ﻀﺒ ﻑﺭﻋ ﺎﻤ ﻭﺃ ﺽﻓﺭﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﺃ ﺩﺴﺠ ﺽﺭﺎﻌﻤ ﻲﺒﺩﺃ ﺭﺎﻴﺘ ﺯﻭﺭﺒ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺏﺩﻷﺍ ﺩ

Alittérature .7

- ﺕﺎـﺒﺎﺘﻜﻝﺍ ﻭﺃ ،لﺎـﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﺃ ﻭ لﺎـﻔﻁﻷﺍ ﺏﺩﺃﻭ ﻱﻭـﺴﻨﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﻷﺎـﻜ ،ﺔﺼﺎﺨﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺒﻠﻁﺘﻤﻠﻝ ﻊﻀﺎﺨﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﻷﺍ ﺩﺠﻨ ﺎﻤﻜ ﻉﻭﺯﻨﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺫ ﻲﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﻥﻁﻭﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺒﺎﺘﻜﻝﺍ ﻙﻝﺫﻜﻭ ،ﻥﻭﻨﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﺓﻭﻘﺒ ﺔﻋﻭﻨﻤﻤﻝﺍ ﺓﺩﺤﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻻﻭﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﺴﻜﺭﺎﻤﻝﺍ ﻝﺍ ﺏﻨﺎﺠ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻀﺭﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﻠﺠﺘ ﺎﻤﻜ ،ﻲﻤﻼﺴﻹﺍ ﻊﻗﺍﻭﻝﺍ ﻥﻤﻭ ﺓﺭﻴﻘﻔﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻘﺒﻁﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺎﺒﺭﻗ ﺭﺜﻜﺃ ﻥﻭﻜﺘ ﻥﺍ ﺕﻝﻭﺎﺤ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻐﻠ

،ﻲﻤﻭﻴﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ ﺕﻝﺯﺎﻨﺘﻓ ﺏﺩﻸﻝ ﻲﻗﺍﺭﻝﺍ ﺝﺎﺘﻨﻻﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻪﺘﺒﺴﺘﻜﺍ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻴﻝﺎﻌﺘ

.

- ﻪﺘـﺴﺭﻜ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻊﻴﻓﺭﻝﺍ ﺏﻭﻠﺴﻷﺍ ﺎﺒﺭﻭﺃ ﻲﻓ ﻁﻴﺴﻭﻝﺍ ﺭﺼﻌﻝﺍ ﺍﺯﻴﻤ ﺩﻗ ﺎﻨﺎﻜ ﻥﻴﺒﻭﻠﺴﺃ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻥﻴﺘﺨﺎﺒ ﺭﺎﺸﺃ لﺎﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻲﻓﻭ

ﺴﻼﻜﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻤﺴﺭﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺠﻭﻝﻭﻴﺩﻴﻻﺍ ﺔـﻴﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺕﺎـﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﺎـﻬﺘﻠﻤﻫﺃ ﻲـﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻝﺎﻔﻨﺭﻜﻝﺍ ﺔﻓﺎﻘﺜﻝﺍ ﻭﺃ ﻲﺒﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺏﻭﻠﺴﻷﺍﻭ ، ﺔﻴﻜ

ﻲﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺦﻴﺭﺎﺘﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻠﻫﺎﺠﺘﻭ

8

- ﺀﺎﻨﺘﻋﻻﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺩﻤﺘﻌﻴ ،ﺏﺩﻷﺍ ﻪﻴﺒﺸ ﻥﻤ ﻲﻝﺎﻌﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﻷﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺏﺩﺃﻼﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺏﺩﻷﺍ ﺯﻴﻴﻤﺘ ﻥﺎﻜ ﻕﻠﻁﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻥﻤﻭ

ﻙﻝﺫﻜ ﻲﻘﻠﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻋﻭﻨ ﻡﺜ ﺔﻴﺴﺎﺴﺍ ﺔﻔﺼﺒ لﻜﺸﻝﺎﺒ - ﺔﻬﺠﺍﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﺎﻤﺃ ﻥﻭﻤﻀﻤﻝﺍ ﻯﻭﺘﺴﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻥﻭﻜﺘ ﺎﻤ ﺎﺒﻝﺎﻐﻓ ،ﺹﻨﻝﺍﻭ ﺉﺭﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺏﺩﻷﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻉﻭﻨﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻲﻓ ﺙﺩﺤﺘ ﺩﻗ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ

ﻰـﻠﻋ ﺔـﺼﻘﻝﺍ ﻲﻬﺘﻨﺘ ﺎﻤﻝﺎﺤ ﻲﻬﺘﻨﻴ ﺍﺫﻫﻭ ،ﺉﺭﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﻯﺩﻝ ﺎﻘﻠﻗ ﺙﺩﺤﺘﻓ ﺙﺍﺩﺤﻷﺍ ﻑﻠﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﺒﺍﺭﻐﻝﺍﻭ ﺯﺎﻐﻝﻷﺍ ﻯﺩﻌﺘﺘ ﻻﻭ ﻝﺍ ﺯﺠﻌﺘ ﺎﻤﻨﻴﺒ ،ﻲﻤﻠﻌﻝﺍ لﺎﻴﺨﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺍﻭﺭ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻴﺴﻝﻭﺒﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺍﻭﺭﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ لﺎﺜﻤﻝﺍ لﻴﺒﺴ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻴﻝﺎﻌﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺹﻭﺼﻨﻝﺍ ﺩﺎﻔﻨﺘﺴﺍ ﻥﻋ ﺓﺀﺍﺭﻘ

ﺎﻴﺌﺎﻬﻨ ﻼﻴﻭﺄﺘ ﺎﻬﻠﻴﻭﺄﺘ .

3 - ﻲﺸﻤﺎﻬﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﻷﺍ ﻉﺍﻭﻨﺃ :

- ﻲﺒﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﻷﺍ :

ﺫﺇ ﺹﻭـﺼﺨﻝﺍ ﻪـﺠﻭ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻨﺭﺎﻘﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺕﺎﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻑﻠﺘﺨﻤ ﺱﺎﺴﺃ ﻲﺒﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﻷﺍ ﺩﻌﻴ

ﺍ ﺞﻫﺎﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﺍﺩﻴﻤ ﺔﻴﻭﻨﺒﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺀﺍﺩﺘﺒﺍﻭ ﻥﺎﻜ ﺎﻤﻜ ،ﻲﻗﺍﺭﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﻷﺍ لﺎﻁﺘ ﻥﺃ لﺒﻗ ﻪﻌﻤ ﺕﺃﺩﺒ ﻲﺒﻴﺭﺠﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺩﻘﻨﻝ

.

ﻰـﻠﻋ ﻅﻓﺎﺤﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺎﻫﺩﻴﻝﺎﻘﺘﻭ ﺎﻬﺘﺍﺩﺎﻋﻭ ﺏﻭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺓﺎﻴﺤ ﻥﻋ ﻲﻘﻴﻘﺤﻝﺍ ﺭﺒﻌﻤﻝﺍ لﻅﻴﺴﻭ ﻲﺒﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﻷﺍ ﻥﺎﻜ ﻙﺍﺫﻭ ﺍﺫﻫ لﺒﻗﻭ ﻲﻤﺎﻋ ﺏﺩﺃ ﺎﻀﻴﺃ ﻪﻨﻷ ﻭ،ﺔﻴﺍﻭﺭﻝﺎﺒ لﻘﺘﻨﻴ ﻪﻨﻷ ﻥﻭﺩﻤ ﺭﻴﻏﻭ ﻲﻋﺎﻤﺠﻝﺍ ﻪﻌﺒﺎﻁ ﺭﺎﺒﺘﻋﺎﺒ ﻑﻝﺅﻤﻝﺍ لﻭﻬﺠﻤ ﺎﺒﺩﺃ ﻥﺎﻜ ﻪﻨﻷﻭ،ﺎﻬﺘﻴﻭﻫ

ﺴﺭﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻓﺎﻘﺜﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺴﺅﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﺈﻓ ،ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﻥـﻤ ﺎﻤﻬﻤ ﺍﺀﺯﺠ ﺔﻴﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺔﺤﺎﺴﻝﺍ ﻙﻝﺫﺒ ﺕﺩﻘﻓﻭ ﺎﻴﺸﻤﺎﻫ ﺎﺒﺩﺃ ﺩﻌﻓ ﺎﻬﻝﺎﺠﻤ ﺝﺭﺎﺨ ﻪﺘﺠﺭﺨﺃ ﺔﻴﻤ

لﻜﻜ ﺏﺩﻷﺍ .

ﺎـﻤﺍﺭﺘﺤﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻌﺒﺘ لﻗﺃ ﻭ ﺀﺍﺭﺜ ﺭﺜﻜﺃ ﻪﻨﺈﻓ ﻲﻝﺎﻌﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﻷﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺓﺭﻭﻅﺤﻤﻝﺍ ﺎﻴﺎﻀﻘﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺃﺭﺠﺃ ﻲﺒﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﻷﺍ ﻥﺎﻜ ﺎﻤﻝﻭ

ﻝﺍ ﺔﺸﻤﻬﻤﻝﺍ ﺏﺍﺩﻵﺍ لﻜ ﺔﻔﺼ ﺏﺩﻷﺍ لﻤﺤ ﺍﺫﻬﻝ ،ﺔﻔﻠﺘﺨﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻁﻠﺴﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻴﺎﻌﻤﻝ ﺭﻴﻴﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻕﺍﺭﺘﺨﺍﻭ ﺔﻀﺭﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻡﻭﻘﺘ ﻲﺘ

.

ﻯﺭﺨﻷﺍ ﻉﺍﻭﻨﻷﺍ ﻊﻤ ﺔﻨﺭﺎﻘﻤﻝﺎﺒ ﺎﺸﻴﻤﻬﺘ ﺭﺜﻜﺃ ﺔﻴﺎﻜﺤﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﺼﻘﻝﺍﻭ ﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﻪﻋﻭﺭﻓ ﻑﻠﺘﺨﻤﺒ ﻲﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﻲﺒﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﻷﺍ ﻭﺩﺒﻴﻭ ﻊﻤ ﻰﺤﺼﻔﻝﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺎﺒ ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﻥﻭﺩﻴ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﺩﺎﻨﻝﺍ ﺕﻻﺎﺤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻁﻴﺴﺒﻝﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋﻭ ﺔﻴﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺍﻭ ﻱﻭﻔﺸﻝﺍ لﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺩﻤﺘﻌﻴ ﻪﻨﻷ

ﻥﺃ لـﻜ ﺭـﺴﻜﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺒﺩﻷﺍ لﺎﻤﻋﻷﺍ ﻥﺃ لﻴﻝﺩﺒ ﺎﻬﺌﺎﺒﺩﺃ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺨﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﻤﺴﺭﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺴﺅﻤﻝﺍ ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﺩﻤﺘﻌﺘ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻭﻫ ﻲﻝﺎﻌﺘﻝﺍ

ﺔﺴﺴﺅﻤﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻥﻤ لﻭﺒﻘﻝﺍﻭ ﻑﺍﺭﺘﻋﻻﺎﺒ لﺒﺎﻘﺘ ﺔﻓﻭﻝﺄﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﺒﺎﺘﻜﻠﻝ ﻕﻁﻨﻤ .

ﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ : ﻨﻷ ﺍﺭﻅﻨﺔﻴﺍﻭﺭﻝﺍ لﻜﺸ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻬﻤﻅﻌﻤ ﺕﺀﺎﺠ ﺍﺫﻬﻝ ،ﻲﻜﺤﻝﺍ ﻊﺒﺎﻁ ﻲﺸﻤﺎﻬﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﻷﺍ ﺹﻭﺼﻨ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺏﻠﻐﻴ ﺎـﻤﺌﺍﺩ ﻭـﺤﻨﺘ ﺎﻬ

ﻲﻝﺎﻌﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺏﻭﻠﺴﻷﺍ ﻭ ﻁﻴﺴﺒﻝﺍ ﺏﻭﻠﺴﻷﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﻊﻤﺠﺘ ﺔﻐﻝ ﺎﻬﺘﺒﺴﻜﺃ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺒﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻝﻭﺼﺃ ﻭﺤﻨ .

ﻲﻓ ﻰﺘﺤ ﻉﺎﻘﻴﻻﺍ ﻕﻴﻘﺤﺘﻭﺓﺭﻭﺼﻝﺍ ﺩﻴﻘﻌﺘﻭ،ﺓﺭﺎﺒﻌﻝﺍ ﺽﻭﻤﻏ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻡﺌﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﻲﻝﺎﻌﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺏﻭﻠﺴﻻﺍ ﻭﺤﻨ ﻉﺯﻨﻴ ﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ لﻅ ﺎﻤﻨﻴﺒ ﺘﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺔﻴﻤﺎﻌﻝﺎﺒ ﺔﻨﻭﺩﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺹﻭﺼﻨﻝﺎﺒ ﻯﺩﺃ ﺎﻤﻤ ،ﺭﺜﻨﻝﺍ ﺓﺩﻴﺼﻗ ﺭﺎﻘﺘﺤﻻﺍ ﻭ ﺵﻴﻤﻬ

.

ﺭﻌـﺸﻝﺍ ﻲـﻓ ﺩﺠﻨ ﺩﻗ لﺒ ،ﻲﻤﻴﺩﺎﻜﻷﺍ ﺩﻘﻨﻠﻝ ﺎﻋﻭﻀﻭﻤ ﺩﺎﺨﺘﺍﻭ ﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﻭﺩﺘﻝ ﻲﺴﻴﺌﺭﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻫ ﺔﻴﻗﺍﺭﻝﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺍ لﻌﻠﻓ ﺭﻌـﺸﻝﺍ ﺹﻭـﺼﻨ ﺕﻀﻓﺭ ﺎﻤﻴﻓ ﺔﺠﺍﺫﺴﻝﺍ ﺩﺤ لﺼﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺘﻁﺎﺴﺒ ﻥﻤ ﻡﻏﺭﻝﺎﺒ ﺔﻴﻓﺎﻘﺜﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺴﺅﻤﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺘﺯﺎﺠﺃ ﺎﺼﻭﺼﻨ ﺢﻴﺼﻔﻝﺍ

ﺎﻬﺘﺩﺠﻭ ﺎﻫﺭﻭﺼ ﺔﻴﻝﺎﻤﺠ ﻥﻤ ﻡﻏﺭﻝﺎﺒ ﻲﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ .

ﻭﻴﻭ ﺏﺭـﻐﻤﻝﺍ ﻲـﻓ ﻥﻭـﺤﻠﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﻌﺸﻝﺎﻜ،ﻲﻓﺎﻘﺜﻝﺍ ﻪﺜﻭﺭﻭﻤ لﺜﻤﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻲﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺭﻌﺸﻠﻝ ﺍﺭﻴﺒﻜ ﺎﻤﺎﻤﺘﻫﺍ ﻲﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﻲﻘﻠﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻝ

ﺎﻫﺭﻀﺤﻴﻭ لﺒ ،ﻡﻭﻘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻋ ﻥﻤ ﻊﻤﺴﻤﻭ ﻯﺃﺭﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻴﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺱﻝﺎﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﻪﻝ ﺩﻘﻌﺘﻭ،ﻲﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺞﻴﻠﺨﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻲﻁﺒﻨﻝﺍ ﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍﻭ ،ﻲﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺹﻭﺼﻨﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺭﺭﺩ ﻥﻤ ﻥﻭﻘﺘﺴﻴ ﻥﻴﺫﻝﺍ ﺢﻴﺼﻔﻝﺍ ﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺏﺎﻁﻗﺃ ﻡﻫﺃ .

ﺃ لﻔﻁﻝﺍ ﺏﺩ :

ﺎﻤﻝﺎﻁ لﺎـﻤﺠ ﻰـﻠﻋ ﻡﻭﻘﻴ ﻥﺃ ﻙﻝﺫ،ﻼﺼﺃ ﺎﺒﺩﺃ ﻥﺎﻜ ﻥﺇ ﺔﻴﻨﺎﺜﻝﺍ ﺔﺠﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺏﺩﺃ ﻭﻫ لﻔﻁﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﺃ ﻥﺃ ﻥﻭﺴﺭﺍﺩﻝﺍ ﺩﻘﺘﻋﺍ

ﺭـﺒﻋ ﺀﻼﺒـﻨﻝﺍ ﺀﺎـﻨﺒﻷ ﺔﻴﻗﻼﺨﺃ ﺔﻔﻴﻅﻭ ﻕﻴﻘﺤﺘﻝ ﻻﺇ ﺏﺩﻷﺍ ﺍﺫﻬﺒ ﻡﺎﻤﺘﻫﺍ ﻑﺭﻌﻴ ﻡﻝﻭ،ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﻲﻝﺎﻌﺘﻭ ﺔﻏﺎﻴﺼﻝﺍ ﺓﺩﻭﺠﻭ ﺏﻭﻠﺴﻷﺍ ﺎﻤﺃ ،ﺎﺒﺭﻭﺃ ﻲﻓ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺕﺎﻴﺒﺭﻤﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻴﻜﺤﺘ ﺔﻓﺩﺎﻫ ﺹﺼﻗ ﻑﻠﺘﺨﻤ ﺀﺍﺭﻤﻷﺍﻭ ﻙﻭﻠﻤﻝﺍ ﺀﺎﻨﺒﺃ ﻡﻴﻠﻌﺘ ﺔﻠﻴﺴﻭ ﻥﺎﻜﻓ ﺱﺭﺎﻓ ﺩﻼﺒﻭ ﺩﻨﻬﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ

ﺓﺎﻴﺤﻝﺍ ﻥﻭﺅﺸ .

ﻕﻠﻁﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻥﻤ ﻥﻴﻠﻫﺎـﺠﺘﻤ ﺎﻀﻴﺃ ﺭﻴﺒﻌﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺭﻴﻜﻔﺘﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻰﻨﺩﺃ ﻯﻭﺘﺴﻤ ﻰﻝﺇ لﻭﺯﻨ ﻲﻫ لﻔﻁﻠﻝ ﻡﻬﺘﺒﺎﺘﻜ ﻥﺃ ﺏﺎﺘﻜﻝﺍ ﻥﻅ

ﺩﺸﺍﺭﻝﺍ ﻥﺎﺴﻨﻻﺍ لﺎﻴﺨ ﺔﻌﺴ ﺯﻭﺎﺠﺘﺘ ﺩﻗ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﻪﻝﺎﻴﺨ ﺔﻌﺴ .

ﻘﻤﻝﺍ ﻪﺠﺘﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﺒﺘﻋﻻﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ لﻜﻝ ﺔـﺴﺍﺭﺩ لﻭﺃﻭ،لـﻔﻁﻝﺍ ﺔﻓﺎﻘﺜ ﻥﺍﺩﻴﻤ ﻭﻫ ﻻﻭﻬﺠﻤ لﻅ ﻥﺍﺩﻴﻤ ﻲﻓ ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻥﻭﻨﺭﺎ

ﺔﻨﺴ ﺕﻨﺎﻜ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﺩﺎﻜﺃ 1932

ﻪﻔﻝﺃ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺏﺎﺘﻜﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ "

ﺭﺍﺯﺎﻫ لﻭﺒ ) "

لﺎﺠﺭﻝﺍﻭ لﺎﻔﻁﻷﺍ،ﺏﺘﻜﻝﺍ

09( .

ﻥـﻤ ﺩﻴﺩﻌﻝﺍ ﻊﻁﺎﻘﺘ ﺔﻁﻘﻨ لﻔﻁﻝﺍ ﺔﻓﺎﻘﺜ ﺕﺩﻏ ﺙﻴﺤ ،ﺔﻨﺴ ﻥﻴﺜﻼﺜ ﻥﻤ ﺭﺜﻜﺃ ﺩﻌﺒ ﻼﻏ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺩﻌﺘﻴ ﻡﻝ ﺭﻤﻷﺍ ﻥﺃ ﻻﺇ ﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﺎﺴﻨﻻﺍ ﻡﻭ :

ﺏـﺠﻴ لـﻫ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﻤ ﺎﻴﺭﻫﻭﺠ ﻻﺍﺅﺴ ﺕﺤﺭﻁ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺦﻴﺭﺎﺘﻝﺍ ﻡﻠﻋ ،ﻥﺭﺎﻘﻤﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﻷﺍ ،ﺱﻔﻨﻝﺍ ﻡﻠﻋ،ﺎﻴﺠﻭﻝﻭﻴﺴﻭﺴﻝﺍ

؟لﻔﻁﻠﻝ ﻪﺠﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﻷﺍ ﻭﺃ لﻔﻁﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﺃ ﻥﻋ ﺙﻴﺩﺤﻝﺍ .

ﺍﺫـﻫ ﻲـﻓ ﻥﻭﻀﻭﺨﻴ ﺍﻭﺫﺨﺃ ﻭ ،لﻔﻁﻝﺍ ﺔﻓﺎﻘﺜ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺔﻴﺒﺭﻐﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺭﻴﺜﺄﺘﺒﻭ ﺍﺭﺨﺍﺅﻤ ﺏﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺀﺎﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺕﻔﺘﻝﺍ ﺩﻗﻭ ﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﻥﺍﺩﻴﻤﻝﺍ ﻲـﻓ ﻲﻤﻠﻌﻝﺍ لﺎﻴﺨﻝﺍ ﺹﺼﻗﻭ ﻡﻭﺴﺭﻤﻝﺍ ﻁﻴﺭﺸﻝﺍ ﺭﺒﻋ ﻙﻝﺫﻜﻭ ﻲﺒﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺹﺼﻘﻝﺍ ﺔﺒﺎﺘﻜ ﺓﺩﺎﻋﺇ ﻭﺃ ﺡﺭﺴﻤﻝﺍ ل

ﻥﻵﺍ ﺔﻤﺩﻘﺘﻤﻝﺍ لﻭﺩﻝﺍ لﻌﻔﺘ ﺎﻤﻜ ﻲﻤﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﺙﺤﺒﻠﻝ ﻪﺘﻴﻬﺸ ﻙﻴﺭﺤﺘﻭ لﻔﻁﻝﺍ لﺎﻴﺨ ﺔﻌﺴ ﺏﺎﻌﻴﺘﺴﻻ ﺔﻝﻭﺎﺤﻤ .

ﺃ ﻉﺍﻭﻨﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻡﻭﻘﻴ ﻪﻨﻭﻜ ﺔﻴﺸﻤﺎﻬﻝﺍ ﻉﺍﻭﻨﻷﺍ ﻡﻫﺃ ﻥﻤ لﻔﻁﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﺃ ﺭﺒﺘﻋﺍ ﺏﺎﺒﺴﻻﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ لﻜﻝ ﺍﺫﻜﻫﻭ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻲﻤﺘﻨﺘ ﻯﺭﺨ

ﺏﺩﻷﺍ . ﺔﻴﺩﺭﻭﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺍﻭﺭﻝﺍ :

ﻲـﻓ ﺔـﻴﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺏـﺘﻜﻝﺍ لـﻜ ﻥﻴـﺒ ﺎﻜﻼﻬﺘﺴﻏ ﺭﺜﻜﻷﺍ ﺎﻬﻨﺍ ﻊﻤ ﺵﻤﺎﻬﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺵﻴﻌﺘ ﺔﻴﺩﺭﻭﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺍﻭﺭﻝﺍ لﻅﺘ

ﺔﺴﺴﺅﻤ ﻥﺃ ﺔﻴﺌﻭﺭﻘﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﺌﺎﺼﺤﺇ ﺕﻨﻴﺒ ﺩﻘﻓ ،ﻡﻭﻴﻝﺍ ﺩﺤ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺭﺸﻋ ﻊﺴﺎﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﺭﻘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺎﻬﻨ ﺫﻨﻤ ﻙﻝﺫﻭ،ﺏﺭﻐﻝﺍ (Harlequin)

ﻲﺘﻝﺍ

ﺔﺌﻤﻝﺎﺒ ﻥﻴﻌﺴﺘ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺭﻁﻴﺴﺘ ﻥﻤ ﺭﺜﻜﺃ ﺕﻗﻭﺴ ﺩﻗ ﺎﺴﻨﺭﻓ ﻲﻓ ﺏﺘﻜﻝﺍ ﻕﻭﺴ ﻥﻤ

129 ﺔﻨـﺴ ﺕﺎـﻴﺍﻭﺭﻝﺍ ﻩﺫـﻫ ﻥﻤ ﺔﺨﺴﻨ ﻥﻭﻴﻠﻤ

1989

10ﻁﻘﻓ . ﻡﻫﺯﺭـﺒﺃ ﺀﺎﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺭﻴﺜﻜﻝﺍ ﺏﻴﺭﺠﺘﻝﺍ ﻻ ﺹﺎﺼﺘﺨﻻﺍ لﻴﺒﺴ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻉﻭﻨﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻲﻓ ﺏﺘﻜ ﺩﻗﻭ :

Rafael Perez ﻲـﻓ

ﺎﻴﻨﺎﺒﺴﺍ

« Carolina Ivernizio » ﺎﻴﻝﺎﻁﻴﺍ ﻲﻓ

« Florence Barclay » ﻭ

Daily ﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﻨﻭـﺴﻜﺴﻭﻠﺠﻨﻻﺍ ﺔـﻘﻁﻨ ،

ﻡﻫﺭﻴﻏﻭ .

ﺭـﺸﻨﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﺩ ﻥـﻤ ﺔﻋﻭﻤﺠﻤ ﻰﻝﻭﺘﺘ ﻥﺃ لﺒﻗ ﺓﺭﺎﻌﺘﺴﻤ ﺀﺎﻤﺴﺃ ﺕﺤﺘ ﺔﻴﺍﺩﺒﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻁﺸﻨﻴ ﻥﺎﻜ ﺏﺎﺘﻜﻝﺍ ﺀﻻﺅﻫ ﺏﻠﻏﺃ ﻥﺃ ﻻﺇ ﺓﺭﺘﺍﻭﺘﻤ ﺔﻔﺼﺒ ﺎﻬﻌﻴﺯﻭﺘﻭ ﺏﺘﻜﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻊﺒﻁ ﺔﻓﻭﺭﻌﻤﻝﺍ .

ﻥﻋ ﺭﺸﻋ ﻊﺴﺎﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﺭﻘﻝﺍ ﺫﻨﻤ لﻜﻜ ﻲﺒﺭﻐﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﻷﺍ لﺜﻤ ﺎﻬﻠﺜﻤ ﻲﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﻷﺍ ﺔﻴﺍﻭﺭﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺕﻠﺨﺩ ﺩﻗﻭ ﻲـﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻤﺠﺭﺘﻝﺍ ﻕﻴﺭﻁ

ﺔﻠﺴﻠﺴﻤ ﺎﻫﺭﺸﻨ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻓﺎﺤﺼﻝﺍ ﺕﻠﻤﻋ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﻪﻴﻓﺭﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻠﺴﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﺍﻭﺭ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺔﻴﺍﺩﺒﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻥﺎﻜ ﻪﻴﺠﻭﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﻷ ،ﺀﺎﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺎﻬﺒ ﻡﻭﻘﻴ ﻥﺎﻜ ﻥﻭـﻤﺠﺭﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﻔﺘﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻬﻝ ،ﺕﻗﻭﻝﺍ ﻙﻝﺫ ﻲﻓ ﻲﺒﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﻕﻭﺫﻝﺍ ﺕﺯﻴﻤ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺏﺤﻝﺍﻭ ﺓﺭﻤﺎﻐﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﺼﺎﻨﻌﺒ ﺎﻬﻨﻤ لﻔﺤﻴ ﻥﺎﻜ ﺎﻤ ﺔﺼﺎﺨﻭ ﺔﻴﻤﺍﺭﻐﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﺍﻭﺭﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺕﻼﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻬﻀﺭﻋ ﺩﻨﻋ ﺎﻬﻴﻤﺠﺭﺘﻤ ﻰﺘﺤ ﻭﺃ ﺎﻬﻴﻔﻝﺅﻤ ﺀﺎﻤﺴﺃ ﻥﻤ ﺕﻠﺨ ﺎﻤ ﺍﺭﻴﺜﻜ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ

.11

ﺔـﻤﺌﺎﻗ ﺕﺭﻤﺘـﺴﺍ ﺔﻴﺩﺭﻭﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺍﻭﺭﻝﺍ ﻥﺈﻓ ،ﺏﺤﻝﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺓﺭﻤﺎﻐﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﺼﺎﻨﻋ ﺩﻌﺒ ﺎﻤﻴﻓ ﺔﻴﺌﺍﻭﺭﻝﺍ ﻉﺍﻭﻨﻷﺍ ﻑﻠﺘﺨﻤ ﺕﻠﻤﺤ ﻥﺇﻭ ﻰﺘﺤﻭ ﻴﺒﻜ ﺩﺩﻋ ﻯﺩﺼﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﻕﻭﺴﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻰﺘﺤ ﺕﺎﻌﻴﺒﻤﻝﺍ ﻯﻭﺘﺴﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻡﻗﺭ ﺭﺒﻜﺃ لﺠﺴﺘ ﺎﻬﺘﺍﺫﺒ ﺍﺫـﻫ ﻲﻓ ﻉﺍﺩﺒﻺﻝ ﺎﻬﺒﺎﺘﻜ ﻥﻤ ﺭ

ﻥﻤﻀ ﺭﺩﺼﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻉﻭﻨﻝﺍ )

ﺏﻴﺠﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﺍﻭﺭ (

، ) ﺔﻴﺩﺭﻭﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺍﻭﺭﻝﺍ (

ﺕﺎﻴﺍﻭﺭﻜ ﺕﺎﻴﺘﻓ ﺀﺎﻤﺴﺃ ﻭﺍ )

ﻡﻼﺤﺃ ( ﻭ ) ﻰﻠﻴﻝ ( ﺎـﻤ ﺎـﺒﻝﺎﻏﻭ

ﺎﻬﻴﻤﺠﺭﺘﻤﻭ ﺎﻬﻴﻋﺩﺒﻤ ﺀﺎﻤﺴﺃ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻀﻴﺍ ﻭﻠﺨﺘ ﺎﻬﻨﻜﻝﻭ ﺎﻴﺩﺭﻭ ﺎﻬﻓﻼﻏ ﻥﻭﻜﻴ .

ﺎﻤﻜ ﻨﺠﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺍﻭﺭ ﻭﻫ ﺭﺨﺁ ﻩﺎﺠﺘﺇ ﻲﻔﻁﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﻩﺎﺠﺘﻻﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ لﺒﺎﻘﻤ ﺭﻴﺴﻴ ﻥﺎﻜ ﺱ

(Roman Pornographique) ﻲـﻓ ﺕﻓﺭﻋ ﺩﻗﻭ

ﺏ ﻲﺒﺭﻐﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﻷﺍ (X- Roman)

ﺔـﻠﻴﻠﻗ ﺝﺫﺎﻤﻨ ﺙﻴﺩﺤﻝﺍ ﻲﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﻷﺍ ﻑﺭﻋﻭ،ﻭﻴﺩﻴﻔﻝﺍﻭ ﺎﻤﻨﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﻥﻓ ﻊﻤ ﺍﺭﺎﻫﺩﺯﺍ ﺕﻓﺭﻋﻭ ،

ﺎﻬﻨﻤ . ﺔﻴﺴﻴﻝﻭﺒﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺍﻭﺭﻝﺍ :

ﺎـﻬﻨﺃ ﻼﻏ ﻥﻤﺯﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻠﻴﻭﻁ ﺓﺩﻤ ﺓﺩﺎﺠﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻏ ﺏﺍﺩﻵﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺕﺭﺒﺘﻋﺍ ﺔﻴﺴﻴﻝﻭﺒﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺍﻭﺭﻝﺍ ﻥﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻡﻏﺭﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ

ﺘﺴﺍ ﻡﺎـﻤﺘﻫﻻﺍﻭ ﺔـﻬﻴﺩﺒﻝﺍ ﺔﻋﺭـﺴﻭ ﺀﺎﻜﺫﻝﺍ ﺎﻫﺯﺭﺒﺍ ،ﺔﺼﺎﺨ ﺕﺎﻔﺼﺍﻭﻤ ﻡﻬﻴﻓ ﺕﻁﺭﺘﺸﺍ ﻥﻴﺫﻝﺍ ﺀﺍﺭﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺓﺭﻴﺒﻜ ﺔﺤﻴﺭﺸ ﺕﺒﻁﻘ

ﺎﻬﻴﻠﻋ ﻡﻭﻘﺒ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺯﺎﻐﻝﻻﺍ ﻑﻠﺘﺨﻤ لﺤ ﻰﻝﺇ لﻭﺼﻭﻝﺍﻭ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺓﺭﻁﻴﺴﻝﺍ لﺠﺃ ﻥﻤ ﺓﺭﻴﻐﺼﻝﺍ لﻴﺼﺎﻔﺘﻝﺎﺒ .

ﻝﺍ ﺭﺼﻌﻝﺍ ﺩﻴﻝﻭ ﻭﻫ ﺔﺒﺎﺘﻜﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻉﻭﻨﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻥﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻥﻭﻌﻤﺠﻴ ﻥﻴﺴﺭﺍﺩﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﻊﻤﻭ ﺔـﻤﻴﺩﻘﻝﺍ ﺹﻭﺼﻨﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﻻﺇ ،ﻲﻋﺎﻨﺼ

ﻩﺫـﻫ ﻪـﻴﻠﻋ ﻰـﻨﺒﺘ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻡﺭﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ ﻕﻠﻁﻨﻤ ﻥﻤ ﻲﺴﻴﻝﻭﺒﻝﺍ ﺱﺤﻝﺍ ﺕﻠﻤﺤ ﺩﻗ ﺔﻴﺤﺭﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻴﻤﺤﻠﻤﻝﺍ لﺎﻜﺸﻷﺍ ﺕﺍﺫ ﺔﻴﺤﺭﺴﻤ ﻲﻓ لﺎﺤﻝﺍ ﻭﻫ ﺎﻤﻠﺜﻤ ،ﺹﻭﺼﻨﻝﺍ )

ﺏﻴﺩﻭﺃ

" ( ﺱﻴﻠﻜﻭﻓﻭﺴﻝ "

لـﺘﺎﻗ ﺔـﻅﺤﻼﻤ ﻲـﻫ ﺔﻴﺯﻜﺭﻤ ﺓﺍﻭﻨ ﻥﻤ ﺕﻘﻠﻁﻨﺍ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ "

ﺱﻭﻴﻻ "

ﺤﻻﺍ ﺔﻴﻘﺒ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺕﺤﺘﻔﻨﺍ ﻡﺜ ﺔﻴﺤﺭﺴﻤﻝﺍ لﻜ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻰﻐﻁ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺯﺎﻐﻝﻹﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻡﺌﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﻕﻴﻭﺸﺘﻝﺍ ﺭﺼﻨﻋ ﺭﺒﻋ ﺙﺍﺩ

.12

ﺭﺎﺸﺃ ﺩﻗﻭ "

ﺭﺍﺯﻴﺎﻜ ﻎﻨﺎﻐﻔﻝﻭﻓ "

ﻊـﻤ ﺕﺭﻭـﻁﺘ ﺓﺭﻴﻐﺼ ﺔﻴﺒﺩﺃ لﺎﻜﺸﺃ ﺩﻭﺠﻭ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺔﻴﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﻉﺍﻭﻨﻷﺍ ﺭﻴﻐﺘ ﻥﻋ ﻪﺜﻴﺩﺤ ﻲﻓ

ﻤ ﺕﺭﺩﺤﻨﺍ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺯﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﻙﻝﺫ ﻥﻤﻭ،ﺔﻓﻭﺭﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﻉﺍﻭﻨﻷﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻋﻭﻨ ﻭﺩﻐﺘﻝ ،ﺕﺎﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻡﺩﻘﺘ ﻊﻤﻭ ﻥﻤﺯﻝﺍ ﺔـﺼﻘﻝﺍ ﻪـﻤﺤﺭ ﻥ

ﺔﻋﻭﻨﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻪﺼﺌﺎﺼﺨ ﺕﺒﺴﺘﻜﺍﻭ ،ﺔﻴﺴﻴﻝﻭﺒﻝﺍ ﺭﺒﺘﻌﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺯﺎﻐﻝﻹﺍ ﺏﻭﻠﺴﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺕﻅﻓﺎﺤ ﺎﻬﻨﻜﻝ ﺎﻬﺒﻭﻠﺴﺃﻭ ﺎﻬﻠﻜﺸﺒ ﺕﻠﻘﺘﺴﺍ ﻡﺜ ،13

ﺎﻬﺜﺍﺩﺤﺃ ﺀﺎﻨﺒ ﻲﻓ ﺎﺴﺎﺴﺃ .

ﺕـﻤﺠﺭﺘ ﺔـﻴﺒﺭﻏ ﺕﺎﻴﺍﻭﺭ ﺭﺒﻋ ﻙﻝﺫﻭ ،ﺔﻴﻨﺎﺜﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺏﺭﺤﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﺍﺩﺒ ﻲﻓ ﻲﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﻷﺍ ﻲﺴﻴﻝﻭﺒﻝﺍ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﺞﻝﻭ ﺩﻗﻭ ﺕﻼﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺕﺭﺸﻨﻭ ﺓﺩﺎﻤ ﺏﻠﻁﺘﻴ ﺭﻤﻷﺍ ﺭﺎﺼﻓ ،ﺏﺍﺯﺤﻷﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺕﻤﺎﻗ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻋﺍﺯﻨﻝﺍ ﺎﻫﺅﻠﻤﺘ ﺕﻨﺎﻜ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻋﻭﻨﺘﻤﻝﺍ

ﻡﺎﻤﺘﻫﻻﺍ ﺩﺘﺸﺍ ﺩﻗﻭ ،ﺔﻴﺴﻴﻝﻭﺒﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺍﻭﺭﻝﺍ ﺎﻫﺯﺭﺒﺃ ﻭ ﺔﻠﺴﻠﺴﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﺍﻭﺭﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺕﻠﺜﻤﺘ ﺓﺩﻴﺩﺠ ﺔﻴﻔﺤﺼ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺭﻭﻬﻤﺠﻝﺍ ﺏﻠﻁ ﺩﺍﺩﺯﺍﻭ

ﺍ ﻥﺭﻘﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﺴﻴﻝﻭﺒﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﻤﺎﻐﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻔﻁﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﻤﺎﻐﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﺍﻭﺭ ﻰﻠﻋﻭ ﻥﻴﻴﺌﺍﻭﺭﻝﺍ ﺯﺭﺒﻻ ﻥﻭﻤﺠﺭﺘﻴ ﺏﺎﺘﻜﻝﺍ ﻯﺭﺒﻨﺎﻓ ،ﻥﻴﺭﺸﻌﻝ

لﻴﻭﺩ ﻥﺎﻨﻭﻜ ﻡﻬﺴﺃﺭ .14

ﻲﻤﻠﻌﻝﺍ لﺎﻴﺨﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺍﻭﺭ :

"

ﺔـﻴﻤﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﺕﺎـﻀﺍﺭﺘﻓﻻﺍ ﺎـﻬﻴﻓ ﻰـﻠﺠﺘﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺼﺼﻘﻝﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻴﺌﺍﻭﺭﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻜﺤﻤﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻲﻤﻠﻌﻝﺍ لﺎﻴﺨﻝﺍ ﺢﻠﻁﺼﻤ ﺭﻴﺸﻴ

ﺎﻨﻤﻝﺎﻋ ﺝﺭﺎﺨ ﺎﻤﻭﻤﻋ ﻊﻘﻴ ﺙﺩﺤ لﻭﺤ ﺭﻭﺤﻤﺘﺘ ،ﺔﻴﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﺒﻝﺍ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻴﻨﻘﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﻲﻨﺎﻤﺯﻝﺃ ﻭﺃ ﻲﻨﺎﻜﻤﻝﺍ

"

.15

ﻼﺌﺎﻗ ﺏﻏﺍﺭ لﻴﺒﻨ ﺭﻭﺘﻜﺩﻝﺍ ﺩﺭﻭﻴﻭ

":

ﻲـﺘﻝﺍ ﺔـﻴﺠﻭﻝﻭﻨﻜﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻓﺎـﺸﺘﻜﻻﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻤﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻋﺭﺘﺨﻤﻝﺍ لﻭﺎﻨﺘﻴ ﻲﻤﻠﻌﻝﺍ لﺎﻴﺨﻝﺍ

ﺭﻬﻅﺘ ﻡﻝ ﺕﺎﻓﺎﺸﺘﻜﺍﻭ ﺕﺎﻋﺍﺭﺘﺨﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺎﻫﺩﻌﻴﻝ ﻡﺜ ﻥﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﺎﻬﻴﻝﺇ لﺼﻭﺘ –

ﺓﺩـﻴﺩﺠﻝﺍ ﺔـﺠﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﺔـﻅﻔﻠﺒ ﺔﻴﻀﺍﺭﺘﻓﺍ ﻲﻫ -

ﻡـﺜ

ﺍﺭﻤﺎﻐﻤﻭ ﺔﻴﻨﺎﺴﻨﺇ ﺎﻴﺎﻀﻗ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺎﻬﻤﺠﺭﺘﻴ ﻥـﻤ ﺍﺩﻬـﺸﻤ لﻜﺸﺘﻝ ﺎﻬﺒﺎﺘﻜ ﻥﻤﺯ ﻲﻓ ﻊﻗﻭﻤﺘﺘ ﺎﻬﻠﻌﺠﺘ ﺔﻴﻔﺴﻠﻓ ﺕﺎﻋﺎﻘﻴﺇﻭ ﺔﻴﻤﺍﺭﺩ ﺕ

ﺎﻤﻭﻤﻋ ﺏﺩﻷﺍ ﺦﻴﺭﺎﺘ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻬﻨﺎﻜﻤ ﺫﺨﺄﺘﻝ ﺭﺼﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﻷﺍ

"

.16

ﻲﺸﻤﺎﻬﻝﺍ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤ –

ﻲـﺸﻤﺎﻬﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﻻﺍ -

: ،ﺎﻬﺒﺎﺘﻜ ﺏﻴﻝﺎﺴﺃ ﻭ ﺎﻬﺘﺎﻴﺎﻏ ﻑﻼﺘﺨﺍ ﻊﻤ ﻱﺯﺍﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﺸﻤﺎﻬﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﻷﺍ ﺹﻭﺼﻨ ﻥﺇ

ﺍ ﺹﺌﺎﺼﺨ ﻲﻓ ﻊﻤﺘﺠﺘ ﻙﻔﻨﺘ ﻻ ﺎﻬﻨﺃ ﻻﺇ ﻉﺍﺩﺒﻻﺍ ﺔﻤﻗ لﻜﺸﺘﻭ لﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﺡﻭﺭ ﻊﻨﺼﺘ ﺔﻴﻨﻓﻭ ﻥﻭﻤﻀﻤﻭ لﻜﺸﻭ ﺔﻐﻝ ﻥﻤ ﻲﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺹﻨﻝ

ﻕﻠﻁﻴﻓ ،ﺱﻨﺠﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺔﻴﻤﺴﺘ ﻥﻤ ﺏﺴﺎﻨﻴ ﺎﻤﺒ ﻰﻤﺴﺘ ﻥﺃ ﻲﻘﻁﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺏﺩﻷﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻉﻭﻨﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺹﻭﺼﻨﻝ ﺔﻴﺩﻘﻨﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ لﻜﻓ ﻙﻝﺫﻝ ،ﻪﻴﻓ ﻝﺎﺒ ،ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﺭﻅﻨﻝﺍﻭ ﺹﻭﺼﻨﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺕﺎﻴﻭﺘﺤﻤ ﺔﺒﺭﺎﻘﻤ ﺎﻬﻝﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﻡﺘﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺎﻬﻝ ﺔﻠﻜﺸﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﺼﺎﻨﻋ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻑﻭﻗﻭ

ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺎﺒ , ﺹﻭـﺼﻨﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﻝﺎﻤﺠﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ ﻑﺸﻜﻝﺍ ﺏﻨﺎﺠ ﻰﻝﺍ ﻊﻤﺠﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻨﻔﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺭﺎﻤﻤﻝﺍ ﻙﻠﺘ ﻭﻫ ﻲﺸﻤﺎﻬﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﻻﺍ ﺩﻘﻨﻓ ﺔـﻴﺩﻘﻨ ﺔـﺴﺭﺎﻤﻤ ﻱﺍ ﻥﻋ ﻑﻠﺘﺨﻴ ﻻ ﺫﺇ ،ﻲﺸﻤﺎﻬﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﻷﺍ ﺱﺎﻨﺠﺃ ﻥﻴﻤﺎﻀﻤ ﻲﻓ ﺭﻅﻨﻝﺍ ﺀﺎﻨﺜﺃ ﺢﻴﺤﺼﻝﺍ ﻲﻤﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﺞﻬﻨﻤﻝﺍ لﻴﺼﺤﺘ

ﺍ ﺱﺎﻨﺠﻷﺍ ﻲﻗﺎﺒ ﻲﻓ ﻯﺭﺨﺃ ﻰﻝﺍ ﺀﺎﻬﺘﻨﻻﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻝﺎﻤﺠﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ ﻭ ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺭﻅﻨﻝﺍ ﻭ ﻕﻭﺫﻝﺍ ﺓﺍﺩﺃ ﺩﻤﺘﻌﺘ ﻲﻬﻓ ،ﻯﺭﺨﻷﺍ ﺔﻴﺒﺩﻷ

ﻲـﻨﺒﻨﺘ ﺕﺎﻴﻠﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻠﺴﻠﺴﺒ ﻪﻤﺎﻴﻗ ﺭﺒﻋ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻡﺎﻜﺤﺃ لﻜﺸﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻭﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﻩﺎﻨﺒ ﻲﻓ ﺩﻭﻘﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺹﻨﻠﻝ ﺭﻴﺎﻐﻤ ﺹﻨ ﺀﺎﻨﺒ ﺓﺩﺎﻋﺍ ﻲﻝﻭﺍﺩﺘ ﺩﻌﺒ ﻭﺤﻨ ﻡﺜ ﻥﻤﻭ لﻴﻭﺄﺘﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺍ ﻲﻬﺘﻨﺘ ﻰﺘﺤ ﺝﺭﺩﺘﺘﻭ ﺭﻴﺴﻔﺘﻝﺎﺒ ﺱﻴـﻝ ﻲﻝﻭﺍﺩﺘﻝﺍ ﺩﻌﺒﻝﺍ ﻭﺤﻨ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ لﻭﺤﺘ ﻥﺃ ﺭﻴﻏ ،ﺹﻨﻠﻝ

ﺭـﺒﻋ ﺔﻠﻴﻔﻜ ﺔﻴﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻝﺎﻓ ،ﺀﺍﺭﻘﻝﺍ ﻭ ﻥﻴﻘﻠﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﻬﻤﺠﻝ ﺔﻔﻠﺘﺨﻤﻝﺍ ﻯﺅﺭﻠﻝ ﺔﻤﻅﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻏ ﺔﻴﺌﺎﺼﻘﺘﺴﻻﺍ ﻻﻭ ﺔﻴﺌﺍﻭﺸﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻝﺎﺒ ﻤﺍﺭﻤ ﺔﺤﺼ ﻰﻠﻋ لﻝﺩﻴﻭ ﻯﺅﺭﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺩﻀﻌﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻡﻴﻠﺴﻝﺍ ﺞﻬﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﻭﺤﻨ ﺀﺍﺭﻘﻝﺍ ﻯﺅﺭ ﻪﻴﺠﻭﺘﺒ ﺔﻔﻠﺘﺨﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺭﺎﻤﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﺎﻜ ﻙﻝﺫﻝ ﺎﻬﻴ

ﺹﻨـﻝﺍ ﺩـﻘﻔﺘ ﻻ ﺔﻴﻓﺍﺭﺘﺤﺍ ﻭ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻴﻨﺎﺜ ﻪﻤﻭﻘﺘﻭ ،ﻻﻭﺃ ﻩﺭﻴﺴﻔﺘﺒ ﻡﻭﻘﺘ ﺔﻴﺩﻘﻨ ﺔﺴﺭﺎﻤﻤ ﻰﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺎﻤ ﺔﺠﺎﺤ ﻲﻓ ﻲﺒﺩﻻﺍ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﻥـﻋ لﺯﻌﻤﺒ ﻲﺸﻤﺎﻬﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﻷﺍ ﺹﻭﺼﻨ ﺕﺴﻴﻝﻭ ،ﺀﺍﺭﻘﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﻬﻤﺠ ﺎﻬﻌﻨﺼ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﻪﺘﺎﻴﺼﻭﺼﺨ ﻻﻭ ﺞﺘﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﻪﻌﻀﻭ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻩﺭﻫﻭﺠ ﺹﻭﺼﻨﻝﺍ ﺭﺌﺎﺴ ﺯﻴﻤﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻲﻁﻤﻨﻝﺍ ﺀﺍﺭﺠﻻﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺎﻬﺴﺎﻨﺠﺃ ﻑﻠﺘﺨﻤ ﻲﻓ ﻱﺃ ﺔﻔﻠﺘﺨﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺒﺩﻻﺍ

.

4 - ﻲﻤﻠﻌﻝﺍ لﺎﻴﺨﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﺃ ﻲﻓ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩ :

ﻱﺩﺎـﻌﻝﺍ ﻥﻁﺍﻭـﻤﻝﺍ ﺏﺩـﺠﻭ ﺔﻴﻤﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﺓﺩﻋﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﻊﻴﺴﻭﺘ ﻲﻓ ﻲﻤﻠﻌﻝﺍ لﺎﻴﺨﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻫﺃ ﻥﻤﻜﺘ

ﻲـﻠﻘﻌﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﻠﻤﺎـﻌﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺔﻓﺎﻀﻹﺎﺒ ﻡﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻲﺠﻭﻝﻭﻨﻜﺘﻝﺍ ﻡﺩﻘﺘﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺓﺩﻓﺎﻨ ﺢﺘﻓﻭ ،ﺓﺎﻴﺤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺎﺒﻭﻠﺴﺃ ﻩﺫﺎﺨﺘﺍﻭ ﻡﻠﻌﻝﺎﺒ ﻉﺎﺘﻤﺘﺴﻼﻝ ﻭ ﻲﻜﺎﺤﺘ ﺕﺎﺒﺎﺘﻜﻝﺍ ﻩﺩﻫ ﻥﺫﺇ ،ﺓﺭﻤﺜﻤ ﺭﻴﻏ ﺓﺭﻗﺎﻋ لﺎﻤﻋﺃ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺏﺎﺘﻜﻝﺍ ﺀﻻﺅﻫ لﺎﻤﻋﺃ لﻭﺤﺘﺴﻓ ﺎﻤﻬﻠﺼﻓ ﺎﻨﻝﻭﺎﺤ ﺍﺫﺇ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻲﻝﺎﻴﺨﻝﺍ

ﺎﻬﻌﻤ ﻩﺭﻜﻓﻭ ﻪﺘﻔﻁﺎﻋ ﺝﺎﻤﺩﻨﺍ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﻑﻴﻝﺄﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻜﺭﺎﺸﻤﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺉﺭﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﺭﺒﺠﺘﻭ ﺎﻬﻌﻗﺍﻭ .

؟ﻲﻤﻠﻌﻝﺍ لﺎﻴﺨﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﺃ ﻑﺌﺎﻅﻭ ﻯﺭﺘﺎﻴ ﻲﻫ ﺎﻤﻓ

ﻴﺨﻠﻝ ﺔﻴﺴﻴﺌﺭ ﻑﺌﺎﻅﻭ ﺙﻼﺜ ﻙﺎﻨﻫ ﻲﺘﻵﺎﻜ ﻲﻫﻭ ﺩﺒﻌﻝﺍ ﺩﻤﺤﻤ ﺎﻨﻝ ﺎﻫﺩﺩﺤ ﺎﻤﻜ ﻲﻤﻠﻌﻝﺍ لﺎ

17

1 - ﺔﻴﺌﺎﻋﺩﻝﺍ ﺔﻔﻴﻅﻭﻝﺍ :

ﺔـﻌﻓﺎﻨﻝﺍ ﻡﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺯﺠﻨﻤﺒ ﺓﺩﺎﻓﻹﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺔﻔﻠﺘﺨﻤ ﻕﺭﻁﺒ ﻭﻋﺩﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺒﺩﻷﺍ لﺎﻤﻋﻷﺍ ﻊﻴﻤﺠﺒ ﺔﻠﺼﺘﻤ ﻲﻫﻭ

ﺎﺸﺘﻜﻻﺍ ﺙﺍﺩﺤﺃ ﺔﺒﻜﺍﻭﻤﻝ ﺔﻴﺌﺎﻋﺩﻝﺍ ﺔﻔﻴﻅﻭﻝﺍ لﺼﺘﺘﻭ ،ﺎﻬﺘﻴﻫﺎﻓﺭﻭ ﺔﻴﺭﺸﺒﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﺩﺨ ﻲﻓ ﻡﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻨﺎﻜﻤﺇ ﻊﻀﻭ ﺓﺭﻭﺭﻀ ﻰﻝﺇﻭ ﺕﺎﻓ

ﺔﻴﻤﻠﻌﻝﺍ .

2 - ﺔﻴﺫﺎﻘﻨﻹﺍ ﺔﻔﻴﻅﻭﻝﺍ :

ﺩﺎـﻀﻤ ﻑﻗﻭﻤ ﺀﺎﻨﺒﻝ ﻲﻤﻠﻌﻝﺍ لﺎﻴﺨﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺭﻴﺒﻌﺘﻝﺍ لﺎﻜﺸﺃ ﺎﻫﺫﺨﺘﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ لﺌﺎﺴﻭﻝﺍ ﻊﻴﻤﺠ لﻭﺤ ﺭﻭﺩﺘ ﻲﻫﻭ

لﺎﻴﺨﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﺒﺩﺃ ﻰﻌﺴﺘ ﺔﻔﻴﻅﻭﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻲﻓ ،ﺔﻴﺭﺸﺒﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺭﺍﺭﻀﺃﻭ ﺭﻁﺎﺨﻤ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻴﻤﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻓﺎﺸﺘﻜﻻﺍ ﺽﻌﺒ ﻪﺒ ﻲﺘﺄﺘ ﺎﻤﻝ ﺽﻓﺭﻭ ﺠ ﺢﺒﻜﻭ ﻲﺠﻤﻬﻝﺍ لﻘﻌﻝﺍ ﺽﻴﻭﺭﺘ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻲﻤﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﻡﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﻥﻤﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻪﺘﻁﻠﺴﺒ ﺩﺩﻬﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻡﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﻁﺎﻗ ﺡﺎﻤ

.

3 - ﺔﻴﺅﺒﻨﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻔﻴﻅﻭﻝﺍ :

ﻥـﻋ ﺯـﺠﻌﺘ ﻭﺃ ﻑﻜﺘ ﻥﺃ ﺎﻬﻝ ﻥﻜﻤﻴ ﻻﻭ ﻲﻬﺘﻨﺘ ﻻ ﻊﻓﺎﻨﻝﺍ ﻡﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻨﺎﻜﻤﺇ ﻥﺄﺒ ﻡﻴﻠﺴﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻕﻠﻁﻨﺘ ﻲﻫﻭ

ﺍ ﺕﺎﻓﺎﺸﺘﻜﻻﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺊﺸﺒ ﺅﺒﻨﺘﻠﻝ ﻡﻬﻝﺎﻴﺨﻝ ﻥﺎﻨﻌﻝﺍ ﻲﻤﻠﻌﻝﺍ لﺎﻴﺨﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﺃ ﻕﻠﻁﻴ ﺔﻔﻴﻅﻭﻝﺍ ﻩﺩﻫ ﻲﻓ ،ﺔﻴﻫﺎﻓﺭﻝﺍ ﻊﻤﺘﺠﻤ ﺔﻋﺎﻨﺼ ﺓﺩـﻴﺩﺠﻝ

لﺎـﻴﺨﻠﻝ ﺕـﻠﻌﺠ ﺩﻗﻭ ،ﺔﻤﺎﻌﺒ ﻲﻤﻠﻌﻝﺍ لﺎﻴﺨﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﺩﺭﺴ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻅﺤ ﺭﻓﻭﻷﺍ ﻲﻫ ﺔﻴﺅﺒﻨﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻔﻴﻅﻭﻝﺍ لﻌﻝﻭ ،ﺔﻴﺭﺸﺒﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺒ ﻡﻠﺤﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ لﺒﻘﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﺃ ﻡﺴﺎﺒ ﺎﻓﻭﺭﻌﻤ ﺎﻋﺭﻓ ﻲﻤﻠﻌﻝﺍ .

؟ﺔﻴﻤﺴﺭﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺴﺅﻤﻝﺍ ﻑﺭﻁ ﻥﻤ ﺭﻴﺒﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﺢﺼ ﻥﺇ لﻫﺎﺠﺘﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺍﺫﺎﻤﻠﻓ .

ﺎـﻬﻝﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﻡﻭﻘﺘ ﺱﻴﻴﺎﻘﻤ ﺔﻴﻤﺴﺭﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺴﺅﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﻌﻀﻭ

ﻘﺘﺒ ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺎﻓ ،ﺎﺠﺫﺎﺴ ﺱﻴﻝﻭ ﻑﻘﺜﻤ ﻥﻭﻜﻴ ﻲﻘﻠﺘﻤﻝﺍﻭ ،ﺔﻏﻭﺍﺭﻤﻝﺍﻭ لﻴﻠﻀﺘﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻰﻌﺴﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻝﺎﻌﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺎﻜ ﻕﺍﺭ ﻲﺒﺩﺃ لﻤﻋ ﻱﺃ ﻡﻴﻴ

ﺽﻓﺭـﻓ ، ﺓﺩﻝﺎﺨﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﻡﻴﻘﻝﺎﺒ ﺎﻬﻝﺎﻤﻋﺃ ﻲﻓ ﻡﺘﻬﺘﻭ ﻩﺭﻴﻏ ﻥﻤ ﻊﻴﻓﺭﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﻷﺍ ﺎﻬﻝﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﺯﻴﻤﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻴﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﻫﺃ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻨﻫ –

ﻲﻤﻠﻌﻝﺍ لﺎﻴﺨﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﺃ -

ﺭ ﺕﺎﺴﺴﺅﻤﻝﺍ ﻑﺭﻁ ﻥﻤ ﺏﺍﺩﻵﺍ ﻩﺫـﻫ ﻉﺎﻀﺨﺈﺒ ﻡﻭﻘﺘ ﺎﻬﻨﺃ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻊﺠﺍ

– ﺔﻴـﺸﻤﺎﻬﻝﺍ -

ﺏﺩﻷﺍ ﺭﻴﻴﺎـﻌﻤﻜ

ﺔﻴﻝﺎﻤﺠﻝﺍ ﺔﻔﻴﻅﻭﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺒ ﺱﺎﻘﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ لﺌﺎﺴﻭﻝﺍ ﻡﻫﺃ ﻥﻤ ﺩﻌﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﺙﻴﺤ ﻥﻤ ﺔﺼﺎﺨ ﻲﻤﺴﺭﻝﺍ .

"

ﻲـﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻋﻭـﻀﻭﻤﻝﺍ لﺎﺠﻤ ﻊﻴﺴﻭﺘ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺯﺠﻌﻝﺍ ﺩﺤﻝ ﺏﺘﺎﻜﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﺩﻗ ﻥﻤ ﺩﺤﺘ ﻡﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻋﻭﻀﻭﻤ ﻥﺃ ﻥﻭﺩﻘﺘﻌﻴ ﺩﺎﻘﻨﻝﺎﻓ ﺏﻏﺭﻴ ﺎﻬﻗﺭﻁ ﻲﻓ ﻨ ﺩﺠﻴﻭ ،

ﺔﻴـﻀﻘﺒ ﻕﻠﻌﺘﺘ ﺔﻠﺌﺴﺃ ﻲﻫﻭ ،ﺎﻬﻨﻋ ﺔﺒﺎﺠﻹﺍ ﺔﻝﺎﺤﻤ ﻥﻤ ﺍﺩﺒ ﻪﺴﻔﻨﻝ ﺩﺠﻴ ﻻ ﺔﻠﺌﺴﺃ ﺔﻀﺒﻗ ﻲﻓ ﻪﺴﻔ

ﺔﻠﻴـﺴﻭﻜ ﺏﺩﻷﺍ ﻥﻴـﺒﻭ ﻕﻼﺨﻝﺍ ﻱﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻜﻔﺘﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺓﺯﻔﺤﻤ ﺓﻭﻘﻜ ﻭﺃ ﻍﺍﺭﻔﻝﺍ ﺀﺎﺠﺯﺇﻭ ﺔﻴﻠﺴﺘﻠﻝ ﺔﻠﻴﺴﻭﻜ ﺏﺩﻷﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺔﻗﻼﻌﻝﺍ ﻥﺎﻫﺫﻷﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻁﺒﺘﺭﻴ ﻲﻤﻠﻌﻝﺍ لﺎﻴﺨﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﺃ ﻥﺄﺒ ﻡﻫﺩﺎﻘﺘﻋﺍ ﻙﻝﺫ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺩﺯ،ﻡﻴﻠﻌﺘﻭ ﻑﻴﻘﺜﺘ ﻥﺎـﻜ ﻲـﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺒﺎﺘﻜﻠﻝ لﺫﺘﺒﻤﻝﺍ ﺏﻭﻠﺴﻷﺎﺒ

ﺎﻬﻴﻠﻋ ﻕﻠﻁﺃﻭ ﺏﺭﺩﻤﻝﺍ ﻕﻭﺫﻝﺍ ﻱﻭﺩ ﻥﻤ ﺩﺎﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﻡﺎﻤﺘﻫﺍ ﺭﻴﺜﺘﺴﺘ ﻻ ﻲﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺀﺍﺩﻷﺍ ﺔﻗﺩﺒ ﺔﻴﺎﻨﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻠﻗﻭ ﺔﻜﺎﻜﺭﻝﺍﻭ ﻑﻌﻀﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻴﺭﺘﻌﻴ ﻲﺸﻤﺎﻬﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﻷﺍ ﻥﺃ ﺢﻴﺤﺼ ،ﺔﺼﻴﺨﺭﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺒﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﺍﻭﺭﻝﺍ ﻡﺴﺍ ﻭﻫ ﺔﻴﻝﺎﻤﺠﻝﺍ ﺔﻔﻴﻅﻭﻝﺎﻓ لﻜﺸﻝﺍ ﺏﺎﺴﺤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻓﺭﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﺩﻘﻴ **

، ﻡﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﻰـﺘﺤﻭ ﺔﻓﺎﻘﺜﻝﺍ ﺭﺸﻨ ﻲﻓ ﻩﺭﻭﺩ ﻪﺒﻠﺴﻴ ﻻ ﻪﻨﺈﻓ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻡﻏﺭﻭ،ﺔﻁﻴﺴﺒﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻋﺎﻤﺘﺠﻻﺍ ﺔﻘﺒﻁﻝﺍ لﻜﺎﺸﻤﺒ ﻪﻁﺎﺒﺘﺭﻻ ﺔﻓﺎﻀﻹﺎﺒ

ﻩﺫﻫ ﺎﻬﻨﺃ ﻰﺘﺤ ،ﺔﻴﻤﺴﺭﻝﺍ ﺏﺍﺩﻵﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻥﺴﺤﺃ ﻥﻭﻜﺘ ﺎﻤﺒﺭ ﺔﻴﻝﺎﻤﺠ ﻥﻤ ﻭﻠﺨﺘ ﻻ ﺔﻴﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺹﻭﺼﻨﻝﺍ ﻥـﻤ ﻭـﻠﺨﺘ ﻻ ﺹﻭﺼﻨﻝﺍ

ﻱﺫ ﻱﺩﻴﻠﻘﺘﻝﺍ ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﺠﻫ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺀﻻﺅﻫ ﻡﺯﻋ ﻥﺍﺩﻭﺒ ﺱﻜﻠﻓﻭ ﻪﻴﻴﺴﺭﻤ ﻥﻴﺘﺴﺎﺒﺴ لﺎﺜﻤﺃ ﺩﺎﻘﻨ ﻥﻤ ﻙﺎﻨﻫﻭ ،ﺔﻴﺠﻭﻝﻭﻴﺩﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻔﻠﺨ ﺭـﻴﻴﻐﺘ ﻪﻌﺴﻭﺒ ﺹﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺍﺩﻴﺩﺠ ﺎﻋﻭﻨ ﻥﺇ ،ﺩﺌﺍﻭﻔﻝﺎﺒ ﺓﺯﻨﺘﻜﻤﻝﺍ ﺙﺍﺭﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﺒﻜ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻅﺎﻔﺤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺏﺩﻷﺍ ﺭﻭﺩﻝ ﺔﻴﻨﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﺔﻋﺯﻨﻝﺍ ﺍﺭﻘﻝﺍ ﺭﺩﺼ ﻲﻓ ﺙﻔﻨﻴ ﻥﺄﺒ ﻡﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺍﺭﻫﺎﺒ ﺎﺤﻴﺴﻓ ﻡﻬﻤﺎﻤﺃ ﻰﻤﺍﺭﺘﻴ لﺒﻘﺘﺴﻤ ﻲﻓ ﻡﻬﺘﺎﺤﻭﻤﻁ ﻕﻴﻘﺤﺘ ﻲﻓ لﻤﻷﺍ ﺀ

.18

ﺭـﺼﻋ ﻱﺃ ﺭﻴﻴﺎـﻌﻤ ﻊﻤ ﻰﺸﺎﻤﺘﺘ ﺔﻴﻤﻠﻋ ﺔﻴﻀﺭﻓ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺎﻫﺭﻭﻁﻴ ﺔﻴﻝﺎﻴﺨ ﺔﻴﺒﺩﺃ ﺔﻴﻀﺭﻓ ﻥﻤ ﻲﻤﻠﻌﻝﺍ لﺎﻴﺨﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﺃ ﻕﻠﻁﻨﻴ ﻲﻨﺘﻨﻭﻤ لﻭﻘﻴ ﺔﻴﻓﺭﻌﻤ ﺓﺭﻅﻨﻝ ﺔﻌﻀﺎﺨ ﺭﻴﻐﺘﻠﻝ ﺔﻠﺒﺎﻗ ﺓﺩﻴﺭﻓ ﺭﻴﻴﺎﻌﻤ ﺎﻬﻨﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺩﻴﻜﺄﺘﻝﺎﺒ ،ﺔﺼﺎﺨﻝﺍ ﻩﺭﻴﻴﺎﻌﻤﻭ

" : ﺍ ﻥﺇ ﻻﺇ ﻪﺴﻔﻨ ﺕﺎﺒﺜﻝ

ﺎﻨﻭﻝ ﺭﻭﺘﻔﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ

"

ﻡﻭﻘﻴ ﻲﺒﺩﺃ ﺱﻨﺠ ﺓﺭﻭﺼ ﻲﻓ ﻡﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻭﺼﺘﻭ ﺀﺎﻨﺒ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻪﺘﺭﺩﻗ ﻭﻫ ﻪﺘﻭﻴﺤﻭ ﻪﺘﻴﻝﺎﻌﻓ ﺭﻫﺎﻅﻤ لﻤﺠﺃ لﻌﻝﻭ ،19

ﻲـﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻋﺎﻨﺼﻝﺍﻭ ﺕﻻﻵﺍ ﻕﺎﻁﻨ ﺝﺭﺎﺨ ﻲﻤﻠﻌﻝﺍ لﺎﻴﺨﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﺃ ﻡﻝﺎﻋ ﺭﻭﺼﺘ ﻥﻜﻤﻴ ﻻ ﻙﻝﺫ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻑﻀﺃ ،ﺯﺎﻐﻝﻷﺍﻭ ﺭﺍﺭﺴﻷﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺙﻴﺤ ﻲﻋﺎﻨﺼﻝﺍ ﺭﺼﻌﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﺃ ﻭﻬﻓ ، ﺎﻬﺠﺘﻨﺘ ﺭﻭـﻁﺘ لـﺠﺃ ﻥﻤ ﺭﻴﺜﻜﻝﺍ ﺯﺠﻨﻴ ﻥﺃ ﺓﺭﺨﺄﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻠﻴﻠﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﻭﺭﻘﻝﺍ لﻼﺨ ﻡﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﻉﺎﻁﺘﺴﺍ

ﻰـﻠﻋ ﻩﺩﻴ ﻥﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﻊﻀﻭ ﻯﺭﺨﺃ ﺓﺭﻤ ﺏﻴﺭﺠﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺱﻭﺭﺩﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﻠﺤﻝﺎﺒﻭ ﻁﻴﺴﺒﻝﺍ ﻡﻠﺤﻝﺎﺒﻓ ﺔﻠﻫﺫﻤ ﺕﺎﻓﺎﺸﺘﻜﺍ ﻕﻴﻘﺤﺘﺒ ﺄﺒﻨﺘﻭ ،ﺔﻴﺭﺸﺒﻝﺍ ﺩﻴﺩﺤ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻀﺒﻘﺒ ﻥﻭﻜﻝﺍ ﻙﺎﺴﻤﺇ ﺔﻴﻨﺎﻜﻤﺇ ﻪﻝ لﻬﺴ ﺎﻤﻤ ﻥﻭﻜﻝﺍ ﺭﺴ .

ﻲﻤﻠﻌﻝﺍ لﺎﻴﺨﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﺍﻭﺭ ﺩﻌﺘﻭ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻼﻴﺨﺘ ﻭﻝﻭ ﺭﺩﺎﻗ ﻲﻨﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ لﻘﻌﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﺩﻜﺅﻴﻭ ﺓﺯﺠﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻩﺩﻫ ﻪﻴﻓ ﺎﻨﻝ ﺕﺒﺜﻴ ﺍﺩﻴﺩﺠ ﺎﻨﺍﺩﻴﻤ

ﺎﻬﻝ ﺩﺤ ﻻ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﺜﻴﺩﺤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﻘﺘﻝﺍ لﺌﺎﺴﻭﺒ ﻡﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ لﻴﻜﺸﺘ ﺓﺩﺎﻋﺇ .

- ﻫ لﺒﻘﺘﺴﻤ ﻥﺫﺇ ﻭﻫ ﺎﻤﻓ ﺫ

ﺩﻴﺩﺠﻝﺍ ﻲﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﻉﻭﻨﻝﺍ ﺍ

؟ .

ﻪﺠﺍﻭﺭ ﺔﺠﺭﺩ ﻥﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻴﻭﻗ ﺕﻻﻻﺩ ﺔﻤﺜﻓ ﺎﻨﺭﺼﻋ ﻲﻓ ﻲﻤﻠﻌﻝﺍ لﺎﻴﺨﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻫﺃ ﺩﻴﺍﺯﺘﺘ ﻲـﻓ ﺍﺭـﻴﺒﻜ ﺎﻋﺎﻔﺘﺭﺍ ﺕﻌﻔﺘﺭﺍ ﺩﻗ

ﻯﺭﺒﻜﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻋﺎﻨﺼﻝﺍ ﻡﻤﻷﺍ )

ﻥﺎﺒﺎﻴﻝﺍ ،ﺔﻴﻜﺍﺭﺘﺸﻻﺍ ﺔﻴﺘﺎﻴﻓﻭﺴﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﺭﻭﻬﻤﺠﻝﺍ ﺩﺎﺤﺘﺍﻭ ،ﺓﺩﺤﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻻﻭﻝﺍ (

ﺓﺭﻴﺨﻷﺍ ﺔﻨﺴ ﺔﺌﺎﻤﻝﺍ لﻼﺨ

ﺭﻭـﻬﻤﺠ ﻊﺌﻼﻁﻭ ،ﺏﺎﺒﺸﻝﺍ ﺏﺎﺘﻜﻝﺍﻭ ،ﺕﺎﻌﻤﺎﺠﻝﺍ ﻲﺠﺭﺨ لﺜﻤ ﺭﺼﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻊﻤﺘﺠﻤﻠﻝ ﺔﻴﺴﻴﺌﺭ ﺕﺎﻘﺒﻁ ﻲﻓ ﺏﺩﻷﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺭﻴﺜﺄﺘ ﻙﻝﺫﻜﻭ ﺍ ﻥﻴﺌﺭﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺩـﻘﺘﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﺭﺒﻌﻴ ﺎﻀﻴﺃ ﺢﺒﺼﺄﻓ ﻲﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﻕﻭﺫﻝﺍ لﻭﺤﺘ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺔﻓﺎﻀﻹﺎﺒ ﻡﻴﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺓﺩﻴﺩﺠ ﺔﻋﻭﻤﺠﻤﻝ ﻥﻴﻗﻭﺫﺘﻤﻝ

ﺔﺒﺴﻨ لﺜﻤﻴ ﺔﻴﺍﻭﺭﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻲﻤﻠﻌﻝﺍ لﺎﻴﺨﻝﺍ ﺞﺘﻨﻤ ﻥﺃ ﻲﺒﺭﻐﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﻷﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺀﺍﺭﻘﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺀﺎﺼﺤﻹﺍ ﺭﻴﺸﺘﻭ ، ﺔﻴﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻔﺴﻠﻔﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻨﻴﺩﻝﺍ ﺃ ﻲﻝﺎﺘﻝﺎﺒ ﻥﻜﻤﻴ،ﺔﻴﺍﻭﺭﻠﻝ ﻲﻝﺎﻤﺠﻹﺍ ﻡﻜﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺓﺭﻴﺒﻜ ﻥـﻤ ﺽﻭﺭـﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺝﻭـﺘﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻠﻗﻭ ، ﺓﺩﻴﺩﺠ ﺔﻴﺌﺍﻭﺭ لﺎﻜﺸﺃ ﺔﺒﻠﻏ ﺞﺘﻨﺘﺴﻨ ﻥ

ﻉﺎـﺴﺘﻻﺍ ﺍﺩـﻫ ﻥﺫﺇ ،ﺔﻋﺎﻤﺠﻝﺍﻭ ﺩﺭﻔﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺔﻴﻨﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﺕﺎﻗﻼﻌﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺭﺸﺒﻝﺍ ﺱﻔﻨﻝﺍ ﻕﺎﻤﻋﺃ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻰﻌﺴﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﺍﻭﺭﻝﺍ ﺃ ﻲﻓ ﻻﺎﻌﻓ ﺍﺭﻭﺤﻤ ﻡﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﺩﻤﺘﻌﻴ ﻭﻫﻭ ،ﺔﻴﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺝﺫﺎﻤﻨﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻪﺴﻔﻨ ﺽﺭﻔﻴ ﺢﺒﺼﺃ ﻡﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺭﺎﺸﺘﻨﻻﺍﻭ ﺄـﺠﻠﻴﻭ ﻪـﻝﺎﻁﺒﺃﻭ ﻪﺜﺍﺩﺤ

ﻻ ﻰـﺘﺤ ﻲﻤﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﻷﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﺍﻭﺭ ﻭﺃ ﺔﺼﻗ ﺔﺒﺎﺘﻜﻝ ﺀﺎﻤﻠﻌﻝﺎﺒ ﺔﻨﺎﻌﺘﺴﻻﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺔﻴﺍﻭﺭﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﺼﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﻓ ﻲﻓ ﻥﻴﺯﻴﻤﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺏﺎﺘﻜﻝﺍ ﺽﻌﺒ

ﺕﻠﻬـﺴ ﺩﻘﻝ ﻯﺭﺨﺃ ﺔﻬﺠ ﻥﻤﻭ ،ﺔﻬﺠ ﻥﻤ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺔﻴﺭﻭﺭﻀﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﻪﺘﻴﻘﻁﻨﻤﺒ ﻲﺒﺩﻷﺍ لﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﺯﻴﻤﺘﻴ ﻰﺘﺤﻭ ﺏﺩﻷﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺀﺎﺴﻴ ﻥﻭﻴﺯﻔﻠﺘﻝﺎﻜ ﻡﻼﻋﻹﺍ لﺌﺎﺴﻭ ﺏـﻴﺭﻘﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺡﺎﻀﻴﻹﺍ لﺌﺎﺴﻭ ﻡﻫﺃ ﻥﻤ ﻡﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻐﻝ ﻲﻓ ﺭﺒﺘﻌﺘ ﺎﻤﻨﻴﺴﻝﺎﻓ ﺏﺩﻷﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺝﺍﻭﺭ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻤﻨﻴﺴﻝﺍﻭ

لﻘﻨﺘ ﺔﻌﺘﻤﻤ ﺔﻴﻤﻠﻋ ﻡﻼﻓﺃ ﺝﺎﺘﻨﺇ ﻥﻤ ﺩﻴﻌﺒ ﺩﺤ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻡﻫﺎﺴ ،ﺓﺭﻴﺨﻷﺍ ﺕﺍﻭﻨﺴﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﺌﺎﻤﻨﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﺔﻋﺎﻨﺼﻝﺍ ﺏﺎﺼﺃ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﻁﺘﻝﺍ لﻌﻝﻭ ﺃﺭ ﻲﻓﻭ لﺒﻘﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻕﺎﻓﺁﻭ،ﺭﻀﺎﺤﻝﺍﻭ ﺭﺒﺎﻐﻝﺍ ﻲﻀﺎﻤﻝﺍ ﺙﺍﺩﺤﺃ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺝﺭﻔﺘﻤﻝﺍ ،لﺒﻘﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻡﻠﻌﻠﻝ ﺓﺩﺸﺭﻤ ﺭﺒﻜﺃ ﺎﻤﻨﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﻥﻭﻜﺘﺴ ﺎﻨﻴ

ﻲـﻤﻠﻌﻝﺍ لﺎﻴﺨﻝﺍ ﺡﻭﺭ ﺔﻴﻤﻨﺘ ﻲﻓ ﺭﻴﺒﻜ ﺩﺤ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺕﻤﻫﺎﺴ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺌﺍﻭﺭﻝﺍ ﻡﻼﻓﻷﺎﺒ ﺹﺎﺨﻝﺍ ﻑﻴﺸﺭﻷﺍ ﺀﺎﻨﻏﺇ ﻲﻓ ﺩﻴﻔﺘ ﺙﻴﺤ ﻯﺅﺭـﻝﺍ ﺡﺭـﻁ ﻲﻓ ﺡﻭﻀﻭﻝﺍﻭ ،ﺓﺭﺎﺜﻹﺍﻭ ﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍ ﺔﻐﻝ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺩﻤﺘﻌﻴ ﻡﻠﻴﻔﻝﺍﻭ،ﺎﻬﻤﺴﻼﻁ ﻙﻔﻝ ﻡﻠﻌﻝﺍ لﺼﻭﺘﻴ ﻡﻝ ﺭﻭﻤﺃ ﻲﻓ ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍﻭ ﺱﺎـﻨﻝﺍ ﺩﺸﺘ ﻡﻼﻓﻷﺍﻭ ﺕﻼﺴﻠﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﺝﺎﺘﻨﺇ ﺕﺎﻜﺭﺸ ﺱﻓﺎﻨﺘﻓ ﺩﻴﻘﻌﺘ ﻥﻭﺩ ﺔﻁﺎﺴﺒﺒ ﺝﺭﻔﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻩﺭﺎﻜﻓﺄﺒ لﻭﺼﻭﻝﺍ لﻭﺎﺤﻴﻭ ﺔﻴﻤﻠﻌﻝﺍ لﺎـﻴﺨﻝﺍ ﺔـﻴﻝﺎﻌﻓ ﺕﻁﺸﻨ ﺩﻗﻭ ،ﺔﻴﻓﺍﺭﺨ ﺍﻭﺩﺒﺘ ﺩﻗ ﺕﺎﻴﺎﻜﺤ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻝﻭﻬﺠﻤ ﺔﻀﻤﺎﻏ ﻡﻝﺍﻭﻋ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻡﻬﻤﻼﺤﺄﺒ ﻥﻭﻠﻘﺘﻨﻴﻓ ،لﺒﻘﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺍ ﺭﺸﻨ ﻲﻓ ﺏﺎﺘﻜﻝﺍ ﺱﻓﺎﻨﺘ ﺫﺇ ﺔﻓﺎﺤﺼﻝﺍ ﻰﺘﺤ ﻲﻤﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﻡﻫﺃ ﻥﻤ ﺕﺤﺒﺼﺃ ﺔﺼﺼﺨﺘﻤ ﺕﻼﺠﻤ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻠﺴﻠﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﺍﻭﺭﻝﺍﻭ ﺹﺼﻘﻝ

ﻥﻭﺩﻫﺎـﺸﻤﻝﺍ ﻲـﻔﺘﻜﻴ ﻡﻠﻓ،ﻩﺭﺎﺸﺘﻨﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺭﻭﺩ ﻪﻝ ﻥﺎﻜ ﻲﻤﻠﻌﻝﺍ لﺎﻴﺨﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﻷ ﺎﻤﻨﻴﺴﻝﺍ لﻭﺎﻨﺘﻓ ﻲﻤﻠﻌﻝﺍ لﺎﻴﺨﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﺃ ﺔﻋﺍﺫﻹ لﺌﺎﺴﻭﻝﺍ ﺍ لﺩﺎﺒﺘﻭ ﺔﺸﻗﺎﻨﻤﻝ ﺕﻨﺭﺘﻨﻻﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻊﻗﺍﻭﻤ ﺍﻭﻘﻠﻁﺃ لﺒ ﻁﻘﻓ ﺀﺍﺭﺸﻝﺎﺒ ﺍﻭﻔﺘﻜﻴ ﻡﻝ ﺀﺍﺭﻘﻝﺍﻭ، ﻡﻼﻓﻷﺍ ﺓﺩﻫﺎﺸﻤﺒ ﺩﺎـﻘﻨﻝ ﺍﻭـﻝﻭﺤﺘﻭ ﺏﺘﻜﻝ

ﻥـﻤ ﻲـﻤﻠﻌﻝﺍ لﺎﻴﺨﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﻷﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻯﺭﺜﺃ ﻱﺩﻘﻨ ﻊﻤﺘﺠﻤ ﺭﻭﻬﻅ ﻥﻤ ﺕﺍﺭﻭﻁﺘﻝﺍ ﻩﺩﻫ ﻥﻋ ﺕﻀﺨﻤﺘ ﺙﻴﺤ لﺎﻤﻋﻷﺍ ﻩﺩﻫ ﻥﻭﻤﻴﻘﻴ ﺩﺤﺍﻭﻝﺍ ﻊﻤﺘﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺭﻅﻨﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻬﺠﻭ لﺩﺎﺒﺘ لﻼﺨ

"

ﺔـﺒﺎﺘﻜﺒ ﺏﺎﺘﻜﻝﺍ ﺽﻌﺒ ﺹﺼﺨﺘ ﺫﺇ لﺎﻔﻁﻷﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺍﺭﺨﺅﻤ لﺎﻴﺨﻝﺍ ﻪﺠﻭﺘ ﺎﻤﻜ

لﻔﻁﻠﻝ ﻪﺠﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻤﻠﻌﻝﺍ لﺎﻴﺨﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﺃ

، ﻝﺍ ﺔﺼﻗﻭ لـﻔﻁﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺡﻭﺭﻁﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﺎﻜﺭﻝﺍ ﺍﺩﻫ لﻜﻝ ﻲﻘﻴﻘﺤﻝﺍ لﻴﺩﺒﻝﺍ ﻥﻭﻜﺘ ﺩﻗ ﻲﻤﻠﻌﻝﺍ لﺎﻴﺨ

ﻪﻓﺍﺭـﺼﻨﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻱﺩﺅﻴ ﺩﻗ ﺎﻤﻤ ﺔﻴﻤﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻤﻭﻠﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﺸﺤ لﺒﻘﺘﻴ ﻻ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻪﺴﺃﺭ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺓﺩﻤﺎﺠ ﺏﻝﺍﻭﻘﺒ ﻡﻠﻌﻝﺍ لﺎﺨﺩﻹ ﺔﺠﻓ ﺔﻘﻴﺭﻁﺒ ﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻤﺃ ﺔﻴﻷ ﺭﻭﺩﻝﺍﻭ ﺭﺼﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻐﻝ ﻭﻫ ﻑﻭﺭﻌﻤ ﻭﻫ ﺎﻤﻜ ﻡﻠﻌﻝﺍﻭ ،ﻪﺒ ﻡﺎﻤﺘﻫﻻﺍ ﻡﺩﻋ ﻭﺃ ﻡﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ ﻡﻠﻌﻝﺎـﺒ ﻻﺇ ﻥﻭـﻜﻴ ﻻ ﻡﻤﻷ

ﺓﺎﻴﺤﻝﺍ ﺏﻨﺍﻭﺠ ﻑﻠﺘﺨﻤ ﻲﻓ ﻪﺘﺎﻋﺍﺩﺒﺇﻭ

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،20

ﻥـﻤ ﺎـﻗﻼﻁﻨﺍ ﺔﺒﺴﺎﻨﻤﻝﺍ لﻭﻠﺤﻝﺍ ﺩﺠﻴ ﻥﺃ ﻡﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﺏﻝﺎﻁ ﻊﻴﻁﺘﺴﻴ ﻲﻤﻠﻌﻝﺍ لﺎﻴﺨﻝﺍ ﻲﻔﻓ

ﻥﺎﺒـﺴﺤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻥﻜﺘ ﻡﻝ ﺕﺍﺭﺩﻗ ﺄﻴﻬﻴﻭ ﺎﺒﺍﻭﺒﺃ ﺢﺘﻔﻴ ﺎﻤﺒ ﻩﺯﻭﺎﺠﺘﻭ ﻥﻜﻤﻤﻝﺍ ﻱﺩﺤﺘﻭ ﻊﻗﺍﻭﻝﺍ ﻊﻴﻭﻁﺘ ﻥﻤ ﻥﻜﻤﺘﻴ ﻕﻴﻠﻁ ﺏﺼﺨ لﺎﻴﺨ ﺸﻫﺩﻤ ﺞﺌﺎﺘﻨﺒ ﻲﺘﺄﻴ ﻙﺸﻻ ﻩﺫـﻫ ،ﺕﺎﻤﻭﻠﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺭﻴﺜﻜﺒ ﺉﺭﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﺩﻴﻭﺯﺘﻭ ﺔﻓﺭﻌﻤﻝﺍ لﻘﺼ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺩﻋﺎﺴﺘ ﻲﻤﻠﻌﻝﺍ لﺎﻴﺨﻝﺍ ﺹﺼﻗﻭ ﺔ

ﺭﻠﻓﻭﺘ ﻥﻴﻔﻝﺃ ﻲﻜﻴﺭﻤﻷﺍ ﺏﺘﺎﻜﻝﺍ لﻭﻘﻴ ؟ﺩﻴﺯﻤ ﻥﻤ لﻬﻓ ﻲﻤﻠﻌﻝﺍ لﺎﻴﺨﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﺃ ﻕﺎﻓﺁ ﻲﻫ Alvine tofler

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ﻲﻤﻠﻌﻝﺍ لﺎﻴﺨﻝﺍ ﺓﺀﺍﺭﻗ ﻥﺇ

لﺒﻘﺘﺴﻤﻠﻝ ﻡﺯﻻ ﺭﻤﺃ ،22

ﺠ ﺔﻤﺩﻘﺘﻤﻝﺍ لﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻲﻤﻠﻌﻝﺍ لﺎﻴﺨﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﺃ ﺔﻴﻤﻫﺄﻓ ﺓﺩﺤﻭﻝﺍ ﺓﺩﻴﺭﺠ ﺕﺭﺩﺼﺃ ﺩﻘﻓ ﺭﺨﺁ ﻰﺤﻨﻤ ﺫﺨﺘﻴ ﻪﺘﻠﻌ

ﺩﻴﺅﻤ ﺎﻬﻤ لﻭﻘﺘ ﺙﻴﺤ ﺔﻴﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﺩﺎﻌﺒﻷﺍﻭ ﻲﻤﻠﻌﻝﺍ لﺎﻴﺨﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﺃ ﻕﺎﻓﺁ ﻥﺍﻭﻨﻌﺒ ﻻﺎﻘﻤ ﺔﻴﺭﻭﺴﻝﺍ

"

....

ﻙـﻝﺩ ﺎـﻬﺘﻻﻻﺩ ﻲﻓ ﺕﻠﻤﺤﻭ ﺓﺩﺭﺎﺒﻝﺍ ﺏﺭﺤﻝﺍ ﺩﻋﺎﺼﺘ ﻊﻤ ﺔﻴﻨﻔﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺒﺩﻷﺍ لﺎﻤﻋﻷﺍ ﻩﺩﻫ ﺔﻨﻭﺨﺴﻭ ﻰﻤﺤ ﺩﻋﺎﺼﺘ ﺩﻗﻭ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻥﻜﺴﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺭﺨﻵﺍ ﺭﻜﺴﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻑﻭﺨﻝﺍ ﻲـﻜﻴﺭﻤﻷﺍ ﺱﺠﺍﻭـﻫ ﺕـﻨﺎﻜ ﻱﺩﻴﺩﺤﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﺘﺴﻝﺍ ﻑﻠﺨ ﺎﻨﺼﺤﺘﻤ ﺽﺭﻷﺍ ﺱﻔﻨ

ﻲﺘﻴﻓﻭﺴﻝﺍ ﻭﺯﻐﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻲﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ (...)

ﺩـﻴﺯﺘ ﺭﺎﻬﺒﻹﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺎﻋﺩﻝﺍ لﺌﺎﺴﻭ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻬﻴﺩﻝ ﺎﻤﺒ ﺎﻜﻴﺭﻤﺃ ﺓﺩﺎﻌﻝﺎﻜﻭ،ﻱﻭﻭﻨﻝﺍ ﺩﻴﺩﻬﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﻤﻭ

ﻑﻭﺎﺨﻤﻝﺍ ﻩﺩﻫ ﺓﺩﺤ ﻥﻤ (...)

ﻘﻓ ﻲﻗﺭﺸﻝﺍ ﺭﻜﺴﻌﻤﻠﻝ ﺔﺒﺴﻨﻝﺎﺒ ﻰﺘﺤﻭ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺎﻫﺭﻭﺩ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺩﻫﺎﺸ ﺭﺒﻜﺃ ﻕﺍﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺏﺭﺤﻭ ﻥﻤ ﻰﻨﺎﻋ ﺩ

ﺕﺩﺘﻤﺍﻭ،ﺀﺎﻁـﺴﺒﻝﺍ ﺀﺎـﻤﺩ ﻥﻭﺼﻤﻴ ﻥﻴﺩﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﻴﻝﺎﻤﺴﺃﺭﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ ﺔﺒﺎﺘﻜ ﺀﺎﻤﺩﻝﺍ ﻲﺼﺎﺼﻤ ﺹﺼﻘﺒ ﺕﺎﻴﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺕﻸﺘﻤﺍﻭ ﺭﻤﻷﺍ ﻙﻝﺫ ﻥﺃ ﺩـﻌﺒ ﺦﻴﺭﺎـﺘﻝﺍ ﺏﻠﻗ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻤﺩﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﻭﺼﺎﻨﻴﺩﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻗﻼﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﺵﻭﺤﻭﻝﺎﺒ ﺎﻬﻤﻼﻓﺃﻭ ﺎﻬﺘﺎﻴﺒﺩﺃ ﺕﻸﺘﻤﺎﻓ ﻥﺎﺒﺎﻴﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻑﻭﺎﺨﻤﻝﺍ ﺤﻭﺘ ﺭﺜﻜﺃ ﺎﻬﺘﻠﻌﺠﻭ ﺔﻴﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻋﺎﻌﺸﻹﺍ ﺎﻬﺘﻅﻘﻴﺃ ﻰﻤﺤﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻬﻝ ﻱﺩﺼﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﻨﺎﻨﻔﻝﺍﻭ ﺏﺎﺘﻜﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺭﻴﺜﻜﻝﺍ لﻭﺎﺤ ﺩﻘﻝﻭ ،ﺎﺸ

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ﺕﺍﺅـﺒﻨﺘﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻁﻘﻓ ﺱﻴﻝ ﻲﻤﻠﻌﻝﺍ لﺎﻴﺨﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﺃ ﻪﺒﻌﻠﻴ لﺍﺯﺎﻤﻭ ﻪﺒﻌﻝ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻡﻬﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﺔﻔﻝﺅﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﻝﻭﺎﻨﺘ لﺎﻘﻤﻝﺍ ﺍﺩﻫ ﻲﻓ ﻅﺤﻼﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﻪﻨﺄﻜﻭ ﻲﻤﻠﻌﻝﺍ لﺎﻴﺨﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﺃ ﻱﺃ ﺎﻨﻴﺃﺭ ﺏﺴﺤﻭ ﺢﺒﺼﺄﻓ ﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﻰﺘﺤﻭ ،ﺔﻴﻤﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺯﺎﺠﻨﻻﺍﻭ ﻊـﻗﻭ ﺎـﻤﻋ ﻲﺴﺎﻴﺴ لﻠﺤﻤ ﺔﺒﺎﺜﻤﺒ

ﻼﻌﻓ ﺕﺒﺜﻴ ﺎﻤ ﺍﺫﻫﻭ، ﻙﺭﺎﻌﻤ ﻥﻤ لﺒﻘﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻊﻘﻴﺴﻭ ﻱﺃ ﻲـﻓ ﺭﺎﺠﻔﻨﻻﺍ ﺭﻅﺘﻨﺘ ﻡﺎﻐﻝﺃ ﺔﺒﺎﺜﻤﺒ ﺹﻭﺼﻨ ﻲﻬﻓ ﺏﺩﻷﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺔﻴﻤﻫﺃ

ﺕﺎﻴﺍﻭﺭﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺏﻠﻏﺄﻓ ﺔﻅﺤﻝ –

ﻎﻝﺎﺒﺃ ﺎﻨﻫ ﺕﻨﻜ ﻥﺇﻭ -

ﺎﻬﺤﺸﺭﻴﻭ ﺎﻬﻝ ﺢﻤﺴﻴ ﺎﻤﻤ ﺔﻴﺴﺎﻴﺴﻭ ﺔﻴﻓﺎﻘﺜ ﺕﺎﻴﻁﻌﻤﺒ ﺔﻤﻌﻁﻤ ﺕﺎﻴﺍﻭﺭ ﺎﻬﻨﺃ

ﺤﺎﺒﻝﺍ ﻊﻤ ﻕﺎﺒﺴ لﻭﺨﺩﻝ ﺏﺩﻷﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻡﺎﻤﺘﻫﻻ ﻙﻝﺫﻭ ﺀﺎﻤﻠﻌﻝﺍﻭ ﻥﻴﺜ

– ﻲﻤﻠﻌﻝﺍ لﺎﻴﺨﻝﺍ -

ﺎﻀﻴﺃ ﺍﺫﻫﻭ ،ﺕﻤﻅﻋ ﻥﺇﻭ ﻊﻤﺘﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﺎﻴﺎﻀﻘﺒ