in
Baourakis G. (ed.).
The Common Agricultural Policy of the European Union: New market trends Chania : CIHEAM
Cahiers Options Méditerranéennes; n. 29 1998
pages 143-151
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--- Skouras D . R u ral developmen t in th e Eu ropean U n ion . In : Baourakis G. (ed.). The Common Agricultural Policy of the European Union: New market trends. Chania : CIHEAM, 1998. p. 143-151 (Cahiers Options Méditerranéennes; n. 29)
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D.
Department of University of University Campus - Greece Common
l.
of
of of
of to Some
o€ of of
population loss gain, and
in a
due of popdation also signals of
with of communities and
of settlements as a
of along The of the economy
is the dominance of less
developed. This is against the
dominance of economy in the light of
in many of is of
that in
and designate
and lead to of
of of
that is 'top heavy' with has been used as an
of and of
have as a way of life and a symbol.
Such definitions have been used especially in sociology Causes and Symptoms of
to distinguish between symptoms and causes of
many causes may also the physical
and the basic causes of
and in
in the is an
cause of is
of of that
in of and
of
is it is also less flexible in its adaptation to the continuously changing external environment. Furthermore, the low skills of
to any attempt at innovative activities to adopt bottom-up The age of the population besides its impacts on the economic activities of
necessitates that in and the
A of that of and
level of
due to the absence of of in
and by the
quality of life and it should be pointed out that not symptoms of
incomes that most mountainous and
not a viable income due the absence of
of on new technology new
and and low competitiveness in of and
2.
The
The capacity of a is
a specific due to an
and of a
to of a an and thus to
an of an supply of inputs
of and amenities to the population. that
close to an due to the positive influence of
effects. An aspect of location is the dissemination and diffusion of and the of innovative activities in that to
of an and
with in the
of incomes and employment
to socio-economic that
and capacity to develop new economic activities and sustain existing ones. Among
the social and the quality of the human
the quality of life and the of social
Of of
of of the economy.
in economic that influence the
of a and not the
in the in
may change the position of an
and of
the of the accession of
the of the as has
in official documents of the Community, wllibe along the lines of
the 1992 in of payments
via income of the EU will
of the funds and the cohesion fund on in
Also to be included among on
(GATT) and (WO),
of the GATT on not been fully it may be assumed that will
due to a and the
Out of the set of national policies of the
and those which affect employment and in (job and
to of and the location of
in and the
of it should be noted that in of economic development and
an of named
is that
of
2.2 A i m s and Objectives of Policy
A development policy is is difficult to identify an aim of EU. an acceptable, but development policies is to maintenance of
an aim to but include
social, economic both
the and that an
is the sense that public funds should in
to the in
with of in
is the point of obstacles to
145
of in of population &e not maintained.
is and
its objectives of the income of households, an
in
in the quality of life and
of the sense of identity among the population,
and actions. The set of specific
to in the and of the
in
and and human capital.
development actions and
specifically of the efficiency of
of the development of on
of and packaging of of incomes
in and advancement of local
The of the EU,
and initiatives, in a wide development policy. The
Commission of the EU at that all do not face the same
and thus, do the same set of
1988, of the i.e., the
and (EAGGF),
(objectives), among which the development policy.
Objective 1 ahd thus in need of
development and in objective l in
is less than the 75% of the Community and include the whole of and of Spain, the South of
and 1 EAGGF finances
in and
investments to local development initiatives and
ESF
Objective 5b of of
and a low level of socio-economic development assessed on the basis the funds to development by grmthg
of of small and medium sized
of
to is not it
all in but
of the funds. The Community aim is to speed up the
adjustment of in of the
l
146,
EAGGF is the h d which finances the actions in known as3.
all
justified by the fact that, since the of the Community, it is to adjustment and assist all in all
due to changes in
of young in the
and to of and
have been instituted.
of since the
70s 69/70 set ';he
797/85 m d 2328/91 as 2843/94.
to the viability and competitiveness
of of with focus on
the
on and
into
of
to and
into with the sole of
to time 797/85. The
installation to at of the of ageing population and
of that
dynamic and of new cultivation techniques,
new methods of to in need of capital stock to
be.able 2328/91 to young 10
and 11, if plan is submitted. The scheme of young
to and own land 10)
own 11).
in mountainous and of
assisting to in and deal with economic
conditions of 2328/91
to in
The Council of of mountainous and
and to than 1.1 million
households engaged in of by the Community.
147
As in of the
and (EAGGF) commitments.
to of and
and 867/90 with an aim to
placed on the and
the quality of and
to assist in and of
into that
in this 1
3.2 Accompanying
known adopted with
of in but
on
include m scheme, an in
of of
of continued and
submit national plans adopt
and of at ].east
amount of the aid is established in to the and the type the end of 1995, the Community had accepted 160
all
of at least 20
to the viability of the
to the exception of
and the all this aid scheme in
of 205,000
7,500 will amount to
and wlli and
and enhancing the landscape.
adopted in
aid of
land, and also annual to compensate
the loss of income due to of and aid
thus assisting in of
of if such as an
aid of and
wood and
148
The annual and multi-annual set-aside in
the adopted by the Commission in
in Extensification of
limit and in and it was
adopting
4.
Programs
funds in the objective 1,5b and 6 1 up
development that development element, usually
financed by the EAGGF. These
(Oh). the end of 1995, the Conzmission had 48
Community objective 1 2082/93
legislation on the funds and widened the scope the EAGGF into fields
of of
and and
included in and adapted to meet the
specific conditions and of each individual
local needs in the fields of to
the Community follows an to up
that and assessed in of
aim to maintain and develop viable
of of the
development of of the
development of human of
of
of 6
with of
of and competitiveness, the development of human
of know-how and the development of employment in and
of note that in 1985, the Community
the socio-economic of the and enable then to adapt
of Spain and that and national
149
to be financed the and
to the development of in conjunction with the
of of in
and and of
4.2 Community
Community initiatives and in
of aim
to the scope and aim of and initiatives and the 8 of
de initiative was
launched in 1991 and to
of the
initiative as follows: in its
and out at local level,
development of of and of
in launching the second phase of
the initiative that should begin a
new stage in to
development, that fulfil
a total of 67 multi-find
had of which 30 in objective
and 37 in a at
of
hovations for and
the idea of to
development.
which is with
on of
of the most
dealing with of the in
assessment studies and in of the
Community within the 8 of on
5. OF
The an wllibe
in and intentions. The
and focus, a
150
the
the public, and at all and
to of
development policy will în still plays an
but will also its all of the economy that have been A in local development and the success of
knowledge, skills and attitudes of and sustaining
development within will those
involved in establishing and sustaining in
The of in the by an development
policy that will be founded on and
its basis the enhancement of and the well-being of the space, and
and and within
will take into
of globalisation and to
distinctive of localities and of the
151