Proceedings of 1947 Civilian Soil Mechanics Conference

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ASSOCIATE COMMITTEE ON SOIL AND SNOW MECHANICS

TECHNICAL MEMORANDUM NO. 9 PROCEEDINGS OF 1947 CIVILIAN SOIL MECHANICS

CUNFERENCE

This is a record of a conference of most of the active Canadian workers in the field of Soil

Mechanics9 held in Ottawa on

28 and 29 April, 19470

Otta'fa, Canada August, 19470

Minutes of Proceedings Note on Bibliographies Appendix 'A':

List of those in attendance Appendix IB' :

Notes on Laboratory Equipment

Page

1

14

16 19

ASSOCIATE COMMITTEE ON SOIL AND SNOW MECHANICS Conference on Civilian Soil Mechanics

Ottawa, 28-29 April, 1947

This is a record of a conference of most of the

active Canadian workers in the field of Soil Mechanics held in the Council Chamber of the National Research Council of Canada in Ottawa on 28 and 29 April, 1947, under the auspices of the Associate Committee on Soil and Snow

Mechanics. The meeting was held at this time in order

to coincide with the visit to Canada of Mr. L.F.

Cooling, head of the Soil Mechanics Section Of' t.he

British BUilding Research Station, Garston, near London,

England. Unfortunately,

Mr.

arrival in Canada and was therefore able to attend only

one seBsion of ｾｨ･ conference. He was represented

ｴｨｲｑｵﾢｨｯｾ by bis assistant, Mr. Meyerhof, who contributed to the proceedings of the meeting'as will be Been later.

A list of all those attending the meeting accompanies this report as Appendix A.

20 The conference was opened by Professor R. Fo

Legget (Chairman of the Associate Committee) who

welcomed those present a nd explained that the principal function of the meeting was to ,enable workers in Canada in the relatively new field of Soil Mechanics to meet together,and exchange information with regard to their equipment and their work and to discuss ideas with regard

to future developments in Soil Mechanics in Canada. He

expressed regret at the fact that British Columbia was

not represented at the meeting, alone'amongst the provinces. He felt personally responsible for this, due to the late

date at which letters ｯｾ invitation were mailed, but

hoped that British Columbia would be represented at all future similar gatherings.

Dr. C. J. Mackenzie, President of the National

to those present and explained that such a meeting had been under consideration for some time so that he was

glad to see the meeting ｡ｾ last assembledo

30 The Chairman suggested that the first matter to

be considered might be an exchange of information with regard to the Special Soil laboratory equipment now

available in ｃ｡ｮ｡､ｾｯ He added that it was hoped that the

ｭ･･ｴＡｾｾ would be able to eliminate unnecessary

duplication in this relatively new field of ｳｴｵ､ｹｾ in

view of the necessarily limited resources of Canada and

the correspondingly wide problems to be dealt with in

connection with Canadian soilso

In the discussion which followed p it developed that Soil Mechanics laboratories are now available at the following locations;

University of British ｃｯｬｵｭ｢ｩ｡ｾ ｖ｡ｮ｣ｯｵｶ･ｲｾ BoC o

University of ａｬ｢･ｲｴ｡ｾ Edmonton, Altao

Po}I'oR oAc Laboratory at the Universi ty of ｓ｡ｂｫ｡ｴ｣ｨ･ｷ｡ｮｾ Saskatooni Sasko

Manitoba Department of Public ｗｯｲｫｳｾ ｗｩｮｮｩｰ･ｧｾ Mano

Hydro Electric Power Commission of Ontario p

Torontoo Ontario o

Ontario Department of ｈｩｧｨｷ｡ｹｳｾ ｔｯｲｯｮｴｯｾ Ontario0

University of Toronto p Toronto p Ontarloo Queenus Universityp Kingston p Ontsrioo

Department of Public Norks p ｃ｡ｮ｡､｡ｾ Ottawa p Ontarioo

McGill Universityp ｍｯｮｴｲ･｡ｬｾ PoQo

Ecole Polytechnique p Montreali PoQo

Quebec Department of Highwaysp Quebec CitYo PoQo

It was revealed further that laboratories were in process of' organization at the University of Manitoba p

Winnipeg (Profo AoE e ｍ｡｣ｄｯｮ｡ｬ､Ｉｾ University of New

Brunswick p Fredericton; and the Nova Scotia Technical

College p Halifaxo In ｡､､ｩｴｩｯｮｾ specialized equipment

was available in the several laboratories of the Dominion

Department of ａｧｲｩ｣ｵｬｾＧ ｾｰ and especially at the Central

Experimental ＡＢＧ｡ｲｭｾ ｏｴｴ｡ｷ｡ｾ in the laboratories in Ottawa

of the Department of Mines and ｒ･ｳｯｵｲ｣･ｳｾ and in certain

offices of the Department of National Defencei Ottawao

Appendix B of this record lists the special equipment available in the laboratories notedo

4. The Chairman suggested that the next business might usefully be a review of the work in the field of Soil Mechanics which had actually been carried out by those present or by their associateso He called first on Dr. Norman Wo McLeod to tell the meeting something of the work done under his direction for the Department of Transport - work which was probably the most extensive piece of Soil Mechanics investigation yet to be carried out -ih the Domintori,

5. Oro Norman N. McLeod explained that in the spring of 1945 it became necessary for the Dominion Department of Transport to evaluate the capac i ty of the runways of many of the larger Canadian airports in connectiQn with

their use by American Army planes. It was felt that /-!m",,...1can methods for evaluating runway capacities might be conserv-ative, in view of the actual operating experience on many Canadian airports, in particular that at Dorvalo The runway here had a thickness of' 14 inches from sub-base to surface and according to U, So Army designs would be incapable of carrying wheel loads greater than Ｕｾｏｏｏ Ibs. In actual fact, it had carried very heavy traffic indeed with wheel loads up to ＶＵｾｏｏｏ Ibs. without showing any signs of

failure ..

This had led the Department of Transport to initiate a br.or-ough study of the capacities of runways in existing airports at ten selected locations across Canada. Dr. McLeod had directed this investigation as a special consultant to the Depantment of Transport; up to

100 mer- ｾ｡､ been engaged upon the worko Laboratory assistance had ｢･ＭＬＭｾ provided by the University of Alberta. the

University of Toronto and McGill Universityc Dro McLeod proceeded to discuss in some detail the results of the investigationo Since these are to be published in three forms, no record of them will be made herea The results will be published in full In a Special Report of the Department of Transport of Canada; a complete summary of the work will be found in the next volume of

Proceedings of the highway Research Board of the United States; and a brief summary of the work will shortly be pUblished in Engineering News Recordo

Arising out of Dr. McLeod's presentation some

discussion developed regarding the use of cone penetration devices for soil testing and it was mentioned that this device is now regularly used by Swiss workers for founda-tion investigafounda-tion. It was further suggested that a

fundamentals of this type or ｴ･ｾｾ｣

60 Mro LcJo Chapman of the Ontario Reae ar-ch

Foundation told of an unusual problem with which he had had to deal when asked to assist the ownerB of the

Woodbine Race Track in Toronto to improve the running

conditions of their main race ｴｲ｡ｾｫ｣ He explained

that the problem eventually resolved itself into

obtaining a proper mixture of soil and fibrous material in order to gi ve what was called a :: springy" t.rack,

He had solved tbs difficulty by deviaing empirically a

mixture of local soils and sawdusto This mixture had

proved to be unusually succesafulo Mro Hall observed

that this procedure had been followed in .b,;uropean horse tracks and royal stables since the middle ageso

70 Mro CoFe ｒｩｰｬ･ｾ of the PoFoRoAo described the most recent work which had been done in connection with

the soils for the Sto Mary Dam" c ons tr-uc tlon of which

was ,just about to starto The original studies for this

work are described in an article by Mro Ho Petersong

"Soil Mechanics as applied in PoFoRoAc Problems with special reference to Proposed Sto Mary Dam''

Engineering Journal vo10 2 8₉ ｰｰｷＲＷＴｾＲＸＵ May 1945

Mro Ripley dLscussed some of the ©onstruction

problems which were now being faced and mentioned the use of special rolling equipment to give pressures up

to 500 posoio He gave dstai13 of the contracts

already awarded and said that further information on the soil problems would be published at a later dateo

80

Mr.

Commission of Ontario described some of the special soil testing which his laboratory had carried out in

connection with water power developments9 starting

with studies for a small earth dam in 19410 The most

interesting problema with which they had had to deal were in connection with the new power development on

the Aguasabon River north of Lake Superioro The

reservoir for this project would be formed in part by natural sand embankments and this had led to an extensive program of permeability testinf in the laboratoryo

To determine permeability in situ a ｲ･ｶ･ｲｳｾ､ pumping

test in the field had not proven too succ6ssfulo

Studies were currently being made of a suitable mixture of sand and silt for blanketing the river bank adjacent

of more than 25% of silt to the local sands resulted in extremely low values for permeability coefficients o

90 Dr. Ao Leahey of the Division of .t<lield Husbandry

of the Central Experimental Farm9 Department of

Agriculture, Otrtawa , explained that the work of his

Division involved pedology studies9 with laboratory and

field studies of soils and the application of test work

to farming practiceo He described the soil surveys

conducted by his Department in association with .

provincial departments and universities and saId that about thirty parties were engaged on this work last

year. He described briefly work on the erosion of soil

by wind at Swift Current$ ｓ｡ｳｫ｡ｴ｣ｨ･ｷ｡ｲＮｾ which was

perhaps their closest approach to the engineering

properties of soil o

Ore Kalbfleisch supplemented Dro LeaheyDs

remarks with special reference to his own interest in agricultural machinery and agricUltural engineeringo Both these speakers emphasized the ultimate necessity for the correlation of the chemical and physical

ｰｲｯｾ･ｲｴｩ･ｳ of soils in engineering and agricultural work..

Mr. J. Ao Knight supported this view with some

interesting examples regarding the application of calcium chloride to soils of different chemical compositionso

100

Mr.

Quebec Department of Highwaysi said that the work of his Department had recently been of a routine charactero His most interesting work. had been 1n connectipn with a land-slide at Matarte where 1200 fto of river. bank had fallen following the sudGen releas. of water through a

control dam. He described his observations in the field

by means of which he had been able to calculate the

stability ｾｦ the bank and explain the cause of the

failure. It was generally agreed that this was an

excellent example of the proper combination of a

thorough knowledge of soil mechanics and common sense o

110. Professor RoFo Legget described the origin of the

Associate Committee under whose auspices the conference

was being held. The Committee had been set up during

the war to deal with an urgent pr,oblem concerning the interrelation of soil mechanics and the trafficability

contemplated that the Canadian Committee should consider this matter not only in relation to soil but also with regard to ｳｮｯｷｾ in view of the importance of the latter material in Canadav Although most of the work so far

performed had been related to soil propertieso a study

of the mechanics of' snow and ｩｾ･ had been started and this had included a visit by Major Bekker and ｨｩｾ･ｬｴ

to Switzerlando A report on this visit will be available ahor-tLy ,

The approach which the Committee had made to this problem was by stUdying the fundamentals of the action of a wheel or track upon 80110 This work had been started in a very small way by Major Bekker» using glass sided boxes and small scale modelso It soon became evident that accepted theories as to the ｡ｾｴｩｯｮ of grousers under vehicle tracks were incorrecto 120 Major MaGo Bekker proceeded to describe in

some detail the experimental work which had been performed at the University of Toronto and in Ottawa In following up these initial studieso It had been found that the stress condition under loaded tracks was analogous to the stress conditions under loaded

foundation slabs9 allowing for the orientation of the

results of the ｨｯｲｩｺｯｾｴ｡ｬ and vertical forces acting on a track shoeo He said that the first part of the theory which had been developed had been published as a confidential Technical Memorandum of the Commt ttee and that it was hoped that the basic theory would soon be described in a paper ｷｨｾｲｾ might be published by such a body as the ａｭ･ｲＱｾ｡ｮ SOciety of Clv11 Engineerso

The Chairman observed that extension of this work using cohesive materials and snow was proceedingo

Since the work and reports were still classified as "conf'Ld ent t a';" it was requested that no details of the work described be passed on by any of those presento

Tuesdayp 29 April" 1947

130 Mro J u Walter; Assistant ｅｮｧｩｮ･･ｲｾ Untario

Department of HighwayslJ e xpLsLned the recent development

of soil work in his Depar ｾｾ･ usual tests were use d for classification of c' 11s together with the pioneer work done by the Michigan State nighways

soil properties. Aerial photographs were also being used for preliminary purposeso Soil design had as its objective the development of proper thicknesses of surface and base courses for given soil typeso He said that

high compaction and proper materials in ｳｵ｢ｾｧｲ｡､･ｳ will be increasingly used in the future0 He described current

practice of the Department for soil ｣ｯｭｰ｡｣ｴｩｯｮｾ especially on the new Toronto - Barrie roado Nine field parties

had been at work during the past year but more men were badly needed.

14. Professor GoJ. Dodd,Department of Civil

l!:ngineering, McGill ｕｮｩｶ･ｲｳｩｴｹｾ described an

investigation which he had undertaken with regard to the possible damage from pile driving to an old industrial building in Montreal. Seismograph records had shown that the effect of pile driving was less than that of the machinery which was operating in the buildingo

The Chairman added some comments from his own studies of the same problem and indicated that work of this type was being done in connection with the proposed suoway for the Toronto Transportation Commission us'Lng a Leet portable seismograph which gave a photographic record of vibrations in three phaseso

15. Mr. R.A. Crysler described in some detail the two applications of soil-cement in Canadian practice for the runways of airports at Camp Borden, untario and Seven Islands j Quebec0 Details of one of these

projects will be found ｩｮｾ

uSoil Cement Stabilisation for Camp Borden Airfield Runways" by D. O. Robinson; Roads and Bridges"

vol. 79, ppo 30 and 102-3, March 19410

16. Mr. H.H. Picher, Engineer, Bureau of Mines, Department of Mines and Res.ources, Ottawa, de.scribed his studies of the possible" use of mine tailings as a substitute for clay in the construction of low cost roads. A report on this investigation is shortly to be available and

Mr.

17. Mr. CoAo Meyerhof described some of the more

recent work of the Soil Mechanics Section of the British Building Research Station on behalf of Mro CoolingD in

mentioned that the corresponding Road Research

Laboratory (of the DoSoloRo ) was concerned with the

application of soil mechanics to roads and airports and was fully equipped to ｾＬ｡ＮｉＢｲｹＧ｜ｵｴ the regular tests for this type of worko The BUilding ｒ･ｾ･｡ｲ｣ｨ Station had twelve members on its Soii Mechanics staff and

they were concerned with all aspects of soil mechanics other than ｾｨｯｳ･ dealt with at the Road Re9sarch

Laboratory. He described generally the equipment in use and stressed the value of unconfined compression devices. He mentioned also the use of mobile

laboratories0

Unfortunately it Is impossible to record in detail the many interesting investigations described ｢ｹｾＬ Meyerhofv but the following notes list the suhjects upon which he touchedo

Shallow foundations for small houses had been investigated in relation to the shrinkage of cle 80i180

Much trouble was encountered in England due to the abs br-ae tion of water f rom soil by the r-oot.s of trees

(especially poplars) up to depths of ten or twelve f'e et ,

The settlement of large structures was studied whenever possible. Special inveBtigation had been made of the settlement of the pi6rs of the new Waterloo

Bridge in London and the effects of secondary

compression had been found to be seriouBo Settlement studies under grain ｳｩＧｾｳ ｾｯｮｳｴｲｵ｣ｴ･､ during the war had given most intersltlng reaultB when correlated with the records of daily loadings in ailoBo It had been possible to detect quite easily the elastic compression in the soil due to loading operations superimposed upon the basic settlement curvec He

described the water level devices used for checking the settlement of large buildingsv

Investigation of the bearing capacity of piles was being studiedo It was naturally found that there was no relation between dynamic and static pile loadingo Measurements of soil pre35ures have been made on many deep excavationsp inclUding one which was 80 feet deepo

Parabolic pressure distribution was foundo This work was being continued to study the change of loading with timeo Some checks had been made on earth pressure

theories in relation to the actual failures of retaining wallso Close agreement with the Coulomb theory had

been obtainedo

Dealing with special soil types Mro fueyerhof

described ｳｯｾ･ of the difficulties with fissured clay in the London districto Some failures had occurred due to water seeping into fissures several decades after

slopes had been completedo Many studies of slope failure had been made, one of the most notable being an

investigation of the failure of the Chingford Dam near London. This study had resulted in a considerable finan-cial saving to the contractors and this one example had probably done more to promote British interest in soil mechanics than anything elseo

Mr. Meyerhof next described the work now being done at the BUilding Research Station on the application of electro-osmosis for the drainage of silty soils in conjunction with the inventor of the system i Dro Leo Casagrande, who had been brought over from Germany for this purposeo BasicallYi water is induced to flow in association with the passage of electic current between metallic electrodeso The method had been proved to be

practical in Germany during the war but it was

economical only for unusual cases of water handling. Conclusions so far obtained showed that the flow of water followed D'Arcy's law and that flow nets could be used following the usual method of Forchheimero

The Chairman pointed out the special interest of this method in Canada in view of the difficulties encountered _ith the rock flours of the glacial regions of Northerr Canada. He described corresponding work which he hbd seen in ｓｷｩｴｺ･ｲｬ｡ｮ､ｾ the Swiss using the same idea for determin1ngcapillarity potentials in no more than 15 minuteso

Mro Watt described some preliminary work which had been d one on the method by the Hydro Elec tric Power Commission of Ontarioo This led to a general discussion of the corresponding possibilities of electric base

exchange in fine grain soils o

Finally Mr. 1W1eyerhof outlined his ideas with regard to the possibility of using solid arch bridges for short spans in which compacted soil is used as a filling material place

n

18. ｾｾＮ Hugh B. Sutherland of the University of Glasgow (at present taking graduate work in Soil Mechanics at Harvard University) supplemented Mr.

Meyerhof's remarks by describing the work in soil mechanics being done in the Universities and by

contracting organizations in Great Britaino ｾｯｲｫ

at the universities was really only just starting due to the special pressure of ｷ｡ｲｾｴｩｭ･ work. Equipment was available at the uni versi ties of Londono -Hrmingham

and Glasgow. A number of the leading British contractors had now set up their own soil sampling and testing

organizations and these groups work closely with the Building Hesearch Station. He described the great reliance placed upon unconfined compression tests made upon small samples which were obtained with special sampling tools passed into undisturbed soil at the bottom of bore holes made with ordinary augers. He stated that, it was quite easy to sample to depths of 30 feet in chis way and that depths up to 60 feet had been reached. This led to a general discussion of soil boring and DeanR. M. Hardy described an ingenious spiral device which he used for abstracting rocks from bore holes.

19. Mr. L. R. ｓｴｲ｡ｴｴｯｮｾ Assistant Chief ｾｮｧｩｮ･･ｲ of the National Harbours ｂｯ｡ｲ､ｾ ｏｴｴ｡ｷ｡ｾ outlined problems which he encountered in the design of cribs in connection wi th the press ure developed by fill materials0 !Vi.!'c

Sutberland stated that much work was being done in

Great Britain on this matter which was usually governed by arching of the material.

200 .Profes sor .spencer Bal19 Professor IVlcj<'arlane

and Mr. White each spoke briefly and expressed their appreciation of being able to come to the meeting

from the Maritime Provinces. Little work had yet been done there in Soil Mechanics but many problems exist

and it was hoped to develop suitable laboratory facilities. 210 ｾｾＮ Gordon C. McRostie described briefly foundation

conditions in the Ottawa district and discussed some of the practical problems of designo The Chairman mentioned the remarkable example provided by the partial failure of the foundation of the National Museum Building in

Ott awa ,

220 Mr. 30 Wo Lucas described briefly the work done

of Canada and said this consisted mainly of testing materials which were to form the foundations in the

various marine works with which the Department was concernedo

23. Professor Jo E. Hurtubise described some of the testing do en at Ecole Poly technique9 ｦｵｯｮｴｲ･｡ｬｾ and

inquired as to work which had been done regarding the use of waste sulphite liquid in soil stabilizationo ＲＴｾ Major Scott Lynn described the functions of the

Directorate of Engineer Development of the Canadian Army which included keeping abreast of civilian work in so il mechanic s0 He looked forward to the

development in Canada of work upon permafrost and promised the fullest cooperation of his Directorate in all such worko

250 Professor Ro A. Low described work which had

been done at _{ｾｵ･･ｮｬｳ} University on the use of lignin in soil mixtures. At present their work was mainly confined to teachingo

260 Dean Ro Mo Hardy described work which had been done in his laboratory at the University of Alberta. They had done some work on permafrost and this had been described in:

"Per-manerrtLy Frozen Ground and Foundation Design" by Rc M. Hardy and Eo DVAppolonia; Engineering

Journalg volo 29g ppo 4-12g January 19460

A soil survey of the Edmonton area had been carried out with the aid of a grant from the National Research Councilo Special soil boring apparatus had

been developed for this purposeo One of the main local problems was t he swelling of local clays and tests

had been made of the pressures thus developedo Unit pressures up to one ton per square foot h?o been measuredo This work is continuing and will be described in print at a later dateo

270 Mr. R. T. Smith of the Canadian Bitumuls

Company had to leave the meeting earlier but left with the Chairman notes on the work done by his company and associated tests in relation to sand= bitumen mixtures. The Chairman mentioned the use of ltBitudobe" blocks made

or

construction of an office building of fur0 SmithOs

company at Leaside, Torontoo After ten years the

building was reported to be in good conditiono

280

Mr.

problems of the Winnipeg district causing failure by

shrinkage and swelling of local clayso He described

the use of pedological classificatioQs in Manitoba road

work and urged the need for standard symbols0 He

discussea the use of compaction in 4eep cuts and said

that ｾＱＸ practice was not approved in their experienceo

290 Mro J .. Ao Knight discussed present trends

towards lowering the value of the Polo of soil used in sUbgrades and explained how the chemical properties of soils were becoming recognized as of unusual importanceo

300 Mr. C. K. Hurst explained briefly the work of the

general engineering office of the Department of Transport and indicated their interest in soil mechanicso

31. Mr .. Per Hall of the. Foundation Company of Canada

stressed the importance of soil mechanics in

construction engineeringo He suggested that initial

investigations and soil tests still leave gaps in foundation design but said they provided useful insurance against unforeseen condtionso

320 Professor Ho Fo Legget described finally some

of his own experiences including a study of Boil

temperatures arising from a special inquiry during the

war at the Polymer Synthetic Rubber Planto It was found

that frost penetration varied greatly with the

disturbance of soil. Records were being taken at

Toronto on this matter and he hoped eventually to be able to publish detailso

He described briefly some of the problems which had arisen in connection with the development of the

Steep Rock Iron ｍｩｮ･ｾ for which a large lake had to be

drained, exposing the recent sediments in its bedo He

described studies which had been made on these soils and

on the varved clays which had thus been exposed. It is

Second International Conference on Soil Mechanics. 330 The Chairman announced that Dr. Karl Terzaghi

(Chairman of the Continuing Committee from the First International Conference) had asked him to be Chairman of a Canadian group responsible for arranging for

papers rrom Canadian workers at the Second International Conference on Soil Mechanicso This meeting is to be held in Holland in June i 1948p at the invitation of the

Government of the ｾ･ｴｨ･ｲｬ｡ｮ､ｳ and of the city of

Rotterdam. Hope was expressed that a number of papers could be presented from Canada. Special topics were discussed including permafrost studies and the special problems associated with glacial soilso It was

generally agreed that the Continuing Committee to be

set up by the conrerence could serve as a Special Committee for the Second International Conferenceo

Formation of Continuing Committee

34. Much discussion took place with regard to continuing and developing the contacts which had been formed at the meeting. It was generally agreed to be most desirable to arrange for the ｣ｯｮｴｩｾｵ｡ｴｩｯｮ of the work started-at the conference. It was also felt that if possible similar meetings should be heldi possibly

at yearly intervals. Dean hardy offered the facilities of the Engineering School of the University of filberta for a meeting in Junei 1948, if this could be arranged

in cOlll1ection with the proposed Western EoIoCo meeting at that time. He suggested that a tour of soil work in the West might coincide with the meetingo

The Chairman said that it was hoped that any committee appointed by the meeting would serve as the Subcommittee on Civilian Soil Mechanics of the Associate Committee on Soil and Snow Mechanicso The same committee could act in connection with the Second International Conference and serve also as' a Canadian liaison group with the Highway Research Board of" the UoSoA o and Committee D=18 of the AoSoToMo

After further discussion it was agreed that each of the main regional groups would appoint one of their members as a regional representati ve a nd that these representatives would form the Continuing

The representatives later appointed by the groups were as follows

British Columbia' Prairie Provinces;

Toronto Al"eag

Ottaw'S. Area::

(to be appointed)

lVIro .ttonert, t'et,6rSOn₉

PcFcRoA Laboratory

University of Saskachewan9

ｓ｡ｳｫ｡ｴｯｯｮｾ Sasko

Mrc Do G, ｶｾ｡ｴｴ D

H,EcPcQc of Onto Laboratoriesp

ｓｴｲ｡ｾｨ｡ｮ Avenue D Torontoo

Mrc Go Co MaRoatieD

c/o

193 Sparks StreetD

Ottaws.o

Montreal and ｾｵ･｢･ｾｾ Profo Jacques Hurtubise9 Ecole Polytechniquep

Rue St, Den Ls , Montreal 0 Mari time Provinces; Prof" ;:;'pencer Bally

Nova Scotia ｔｾ｣ｨｮｩ｣｡ｬ Collegep

Halifax, NaSo

.350 The meeting closed with an expression of

appr-ecLa t Lon , voiced by Mra Go Be vVilliamsj) to the

Chairman for organizing and conducting the meet Lng,

Professor Legget replied that t he meeting had more than fulfilled the hopes which had been entertained for

it and said that he felt that it could and should be the first step towards most fruitful aooperationo

PUBLICATIｏｎｓＬｾ

0:; -=

During the course of the meeting the following publications were mentionedg=

"Selected 11bllographY on So11 ｍ･Ｈｾｨ｡Ｎｮｩ｣｡ｾ Man uaL No o 18p Am, SODu CoEu, New York" 1940. $1000 to

non=memberso

"Bibliography on Soil Mec!Lan1p_s,:: by Ro Ruedy (1940=1945)

May 1945, 2:5co

It is hoped that arrangements can be made to continue the publication of such bibliographieso

Papers from the British Building Research Station will be found in recent volumes of the

Journal of the Institution of Civil Engineerso

Report prepared by F.LoP. and R. F.Lo

A P PEN D I X Ao LIST OF THOSE ATTENDING THE ｃｏｎｆｅｒｅｎｃｅｾ

Dr. C. J. Mackenzie, ｾｲ･ｳｩ､･ｮｴＬ National Research

Counc I I , Ottawa

J. H. Parkin, Director$ Division of Mechanical

Engineering, National Research Council$ Ottawa L. F. Cooling, Head of Soil Mechanics Section$ Building

Research Station, Garston, near Watfordj Englando

G. A. Meyerhof, assistant to Mr. Coolingo

F. L. Peckover, National Research Council$ Ottawa; on leave of absence as Graduate Student in Soil Mechanics, Harvard University, Cambridge$ Masso Hugh B. Sutherland, Depto of Civil Engineering, University

of Glasgow$ Scotland; also a Graduate Student at Harvard University, Cambridge, Masso

R. M. Hardy, Dean, Faculty of Applied Sciencey

University of Alberta, Edmonton, Altao C. F. Ripley, Hydraulic Engineer, Prairie Farm

Rehabilitation Administration$ Depto of

ａｧｲｩ｣ｵｬｴｵｲ･ｾ Regina, Sasko

(representing 'Mr. Robert Peterson)

G. B. Williams, Executive Assistant, Depto of Public Works, Man., Winnipeg$ Mano

R. N. Sharpe, Materials Engineer, Dept. of Public

Works, ｬｾＮＬ Highways Branch$ Winnipeg$ Mano

L. J. Chapman, Research Fellow$ Ontario Research

Foundation, Toronto, Ontario.

R. A. Crysler, Structural Engineer, Canada Cement Coo Ltd., Toronto, Onto

N.

w.

Oil Ltdo, Torontop Onto

Jo Ao ｋｮｩｧｨｴｾ Brunner Mond (Canada) Sales ｌｴ､ｯｾ

Toronto, Onto

Do R. ｋ･ｭｰｴｯｮｾ Asst. Testing Engineer, H.EoP.C. of

Ontario, ｔｯｲｯｮｴｯｾ Onto

R. T. Smith, Canadian Bitumuls Coo Ltd., Toronto, Onto J. Walter, Asst. Highway Engineer (Soils), Depto of

Highways, Ontario, ｔｯｲｯｮｴｯｾ Ont.

D. G. Watt, Testing Engineer, HoEoPoC. of ｏｮｴ｡ｲｩｯｾ

ｔｑｲｯｮｴｯｾ Ont.

R. A. Low, Asst. Professor of Civil Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, Onto

G. J. Dodd, Assoc. Prof. of Civil Engineering, McGill

University, Montreal, Que0

P. Hall, Designing Engineer, Foundation Co. of Canada.

Ltdo, ｍｯｮｴｲ･｡ｬｾ Que0

J. Hurtibise, Profo ａｧｲ･ｧ･ｾ Ecole ｐｯｬｹｴ･｣ｨｮｩｱｵ･ｾ ｍｯｮｴｲ･｡ｬｾ Que0

R. H. ｑｵｩｮｴ｡ｬｾ Asst. Soils Engineer, Dept. de Voirie

(Que), Quebec Cite, Que0

Ho Wo ｍ｣ｆ｡ｲｬ｡ｮ･ｾ Asato Prof. of Civil ｅｮｧｩｮ･･ｮｾｮｧＬ

University of New Brunswick, ｆｲ･､･ｲｩ｣ｴｯｮｾ NoBo

Spencer Ball, Prof o of Civil Engineering, Nova Scotia

Technical College, Halifax, NoSa

R. Go White, Construction Engineer, Depto of Public Works and Highways, Charlottetown, P.Eol o From ｏｔｔａｗａｾ

P. D. Baird, Lto Colo, Directorate of Defence Research, Dept. of National Defenceo

M. G. Bekkerp Majorp Directorate of Vehicle Development, Dept. of National Defence.

J. E. Dudley, Technical Research and Special Projects

ｂｲ｡ｾ｣ｨＬ Central Mortgage and Housing Corpo C. K. Hurst, Sr. Asst. Engineer, General Engineering

Branch, Dept. of Transport.

W. Kalbfleisch, Division of Field Husbandry, Dept. of

Agriculture (Central Experimental Par-m) ,

A. Leahey, ｄｩｶｩｾｩｯｮ of Field Husbandry, Dept. of

Agriculture, (Central Experimental Farm)o

J. W. Lucas, Acting Director, Testing Laboratories,

Dept. of Public Works, Canada.

Scott Lynn, Major_p Directorate of Engineer Development,

Dept. of ｾ｡ｴｩｯｮ｡ｬ Defence.

We La McKenzie, Sr. Bridge Engineer, Dept. of Transport.

G. C. McRostie, with N. Bo ｾ｡｣ｒｯｳｴｩ･Ｌ Consulting

Engineers.

R. Picher, Bureau of Mines, Dept. of Mines and Resources. L. R. Stratton, Asst. Chief Engineer, National tiarbours

Board.

Associate Committee on Soil and Snow ｍ･｣ｨ｡ｮｩ｣ｳｾ

D. B. Nazzer, Secretary; Division of ｾ･｣ｨ｡ｮｩ｣｡ｬ

Engineering, National Research Council.

R. Fo Legget, ｾ｡ｩｲｭ｡ｮ［ Assoc. ｾｲｯｦ･ｳｳｯｲ of Civil

A P PEN D

1

LIST OF SPECIAL EQUIPNlliNT AVAILABLE IN CANADIAN SOIL NlliCHANICS LABORATORIES NOTE:

The following list includes details of special soil testing equipment onlyo

All the laboratories are equipped with the simpler equipment necessary for

classification and compaction tests etco

UNIVERSITY OF ALBERTA? EDMONTON_i ａｌｔａｯｾ

Humid room, 100 sqo fto Cold Roomj Ｘｾ x Sij x 7ij

Permeability apparatus includes equipment for de=airing water o

Consolidation apparatus using platform scalesp

samples 2 3/4 ｩｮｯｾ 3i'in. or 4 ino diametero Triaxial compression apparatus using samples

I! in. x 4 in. and 2 3/4 in o by 9 in.; air j

water or castor oil may be used as pressure

medLum,

PoFoRoA o AT UNIVERSITY OF SASKATCHEWANs SASKATOON. ｓａｓｋＮｾ

Shear box using strain controL

Cylindrical type using specimens 2 in. or Ｒｾ

ino diameter.

Triaxial compression, apparatus using samples 104 in. _v 20 8 ina and 506 in. diametero

Unconfined compression apparatus using! Ln,

diameter sampleso

Miscellaneous equipment includes apparatus for conducting rock core compression tests; and SR4 strain gage apparatus for strain

measurements0

Consolidation apparatus using samples 2 in. to

6 in. dLametie r , Direct shear apparatusg

DEPARTMENT OF' PUBLIC ｩｖｵｒｋｓｾ HIG.t:!iwAYS BRANCH WIN1,<IPEG" MAN 0 ｾ

Direct shear test apparatu30 Cone bearing machine,

1 c u, ftc> capacity pug mill mixing unite Laboratory air compressoro

,

HYDRO ELECTRIC ｐｏｩｾ｝ﾣｒ COlVlMISSIliN 01" ONTARIO0 TORONTO£ ONTa ｾ

Permeability apparatus includes 8 ina diameter units with loading frames for determinations on

compacted 80i189 and 4 ino diameter Proctor

permeameterso

Consolidation apparatus under construction includes 3=unit ｦｲ｡ｭｾ loaded by compressed ｡ｩｲｾ using beam=type dynamometerso

Direct shear apparatus using 709 ino x 4075 ino sampleso Normal and shear load up to one ton applied by compressed ｡ｩｲｾ at controlled strain or controlled ｳｴｲ･ｳｾｯ

Portable unconfined compression apparatus (British Road Research Laboratory design) using samples

I! ina ｾ 3 ino UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO" ｔｏｒｏｎｔｏ＿ｏｎｔ｣ｾ

Direct shear test apparatus using 709 in by 4075 ino

samples 9 hand loading up to ｬｏｾｏｏｏ posofo Unconfined compression devicey for samples up to

Ii

Two standard consolidation ､･ｶｩ｣･ｳｾ on steel frame designed for four test setso

8 inc diameter permeability test units Ｈｾｲｯ｣ｴｯｲ type)o Quicksand demonstration deviceo

Capillarity and capillary potential apparatus0

Florida bearing test apparatusc

Page impact machine» modified for testing of soil stabilization sampleso

Dorry hardness machine modified for abrasion test of soil stabilization sampleso

DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC ｗｾｒｋｓＲ ｃａｾａｄａｑ OTTAWAs ONTog

Consolidation apparatus using platform scale and hydraulic Jack f'or load appLtc ati on , and

samples

It

4t

Direct shear apparatuB using samples 3/4 in o thick

and

3i

DEI'ARTMENT 01" MINES AND RESuURCES9 •OTTAWA \} Onto g

Cold chambers maintaining temperature between

ｾｬｏｯ and -15°Fo

Several types of universal testing machineso

MCGILL UNIVERSITYQ MONTREAL p QUE0 g

Consolidation apparatus using samples

It

Ｒｾ ino diametero

Portable double shear apparatus using samples

1 3/4 in. diameter9 with 1 ino between shear

pLane s ,

ECOLE POLYTECHNIQUE_a MONTREALg QUEog

Consolidation apparatus using samples of various

s Lz e s , J

Direct shear apparatus9 (Mo 10 To type) using

strain controL

Unconfined compression apparatuso

Transverse shearing test apparatus (Housel type)o Triaxial compression apparatus with mUltiple

loading frame under constructiono

DEPARTMENT OF ROADSg QUEBEC? QUEBEC CITYQ QUEog

,

Shear apparatus (Housel type)o

Equipment for model tests on stabilization

Triaxial compression apparatus using 1 in. p 2 ino