HAL Id: hal-02457379
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02457379
Submitted on 3 Mar 2020
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Renforcer les capacités réflexives à des fins de
développement professionnel : une grille-repères pour la conception de dispositifs pédagogiques
Lucie Gouttenoire, Cécile Fiorelli, Laurent Trognon, Christèle Roux
To cite this version:
Lucie Gouttenoire, Cécile Fiorelli, Laurent Trognon, Christèle Roux. Renforcer les capacités réflexives
à des fins de développement professionnel : une grille-repères pour la conception de dispositifs péd-
agogiques. Revue Phronesis, Institut de recherche sur les pratiques éducatives/Champ social, 2019,
Phronesis, 8 (3-4), pp.48-61. �hal-02457379�
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Lucie GOUTTENOIRE*, Cécile FIORELLI*, Laurent TROGNON* et Christèle ROUX**
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Introduction
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'P FÅRKV FG NoQTKIKPCNKVÅ FG PQVTG ITKNNG GP VGTOGU FG ƂPCNKVÅ NC FKOGPUKQP E SWG PQWU RTQRQUQPU GV FCPU WPG OQKPFTG OGUWTGNCFKOGPUKQPGRQWXCKGPVRCTCÊVTGTGNCVKXGOGPVCVVGPFWGUCWTGICTFFGUFÅƂPKVKQPUFGNCTÅƃGZKXKVÅSWGNoQPVTQWXG FCPUNCNKVVÅTCVWTG&CPUNCFKOGPUKQPEQPGPVTGXQKVGPGHHGVNCTÅƃGZKXKVÅEQOOGWPGRTCVKSWGVTÄURTQEJGRCTGZGORNGFG EGSWoÅPQPEG8CTICNQTUSWoGNNGFÅETKVNCTÅƃGZKXKVÅEQOOGWPGFÅOCTEJGEQIPKVKXGKODTKSWCPVFCPUWPEJGOKPGOGPV URKTCNCKTGNGUVTQKUÅNÅOGPVUUWKXCPVUFÅUVTWEVWTCVKQPGVOKUG¼RNCVFGNoGZRÅTKGPEGEQORTÅJGPUKQPGVKPVGTRTÅVCVKQPFGU UKVWCVKQPUGVFGUCEVGWTUCTVKEWNCVKQPFGUNKGPURTQFWEVKQPFGUKIPKƂECVKQPURGTUQPPGNNGUTGEQPUVTWEVKQPFWUGPU».
.CRTÅUGPEGFGNCFKOGPUKQPFGUVSWCPV¼GNNGDKGPGPRJCUGCXGENoKFÅGFG,QTTQUGNQPNCSWGNNGNCTÅƃGZKXKVÅGUVVTQR UQWXGPVNKOKVÅG¼UCFKOGPUKQPFoCPCN[UGGVRCUCUUG\¼UCFKOGPUKQPRTQLGEVKXG2NWUTÅEGOOGPVFCPUPQUFQOCKPGU%JK\CN- NGV$CTEGNNKPKGV2TQUVQPVÅICNGOGPVOKUGPÅXKFGPEGNoKPVÅTÆVFoGZRNQTGTNGUTGNCVKQPUGPVTGCEVKXKVÅUTÅƃGZKXGUGVCEVKXKVÅU RTQLGEVKXGU$KGPSWGRQWTPQVTGRCTVPQWUEQPUKFÅTKQPUNGUCEVKXKVÅURTQLGEVKXGUEQOOGÅVCPVRCTVKGKPVÅITCPVGFGNoGZGTEKEG TÅƃGZKHGNNGUHQPVNoQDLGVFGPQVTGFKOGPUKQPFEGVVGQDUGTXCVKQPFG%JK\CNNGVGVCNEQPHQTVGDKGPNoGPLGWFGRGPUGTNGU CURGEVUFoCPCN[UGGVNGUCURGEVUFGRTQLGEVKQPFGOCPKÄTGEQPLQKPVG
(KPCNGOGPVFGUFKOGPUKQPUFGNCTÅƃGZKXKVÅRTQRQUÅGUFCPUNGOQFÄNGNGURNWUQTKIKPCNGUPQWURCTCKUUGPVÆVTGNGUCGVD.GWT RTÅUGPEGPoGUVUCPUFQWVGRCUÅVTCPIÄTGCWZURÅEKƂEKVÅUFGUOKNKGWZCWUGKPFGUSWGNUPQWUGPUGKIPQPU&CPUEGUOKNKGWZNGHCKV FGUGEQPUKFÅTGTEQOOGWPUWLGVKPƃWGPEÅGPUKVWCVKQPRTQHGUUKQPPGNNGRCTFGURGTEGRVKQPUFGUXCNGWTUQWVQWVCWVTGÅNÅOGPV
PQPUEKGPVKƂSWGPGXCRCUVQWLQWTUFGUQKEGSWKTGPFPQWUNoCXQPUXWNCFKOGPUKQPDRCTVKEWNKÄTGOGPVRGTVKPGPVG¼VTCXCKN- NGT2CTCKNNGWTUNGUTÅUKUVCPEGUHCEG¼NoGZGTEKEGTÅƃGZKHRGWXGPVÆVTGPQODTGWUGUNGOQVTÅƃGZKXKVÅGVNoGZRNKEKVCVKQPGZCPVG FWFKURQUKVKHRCTHQKUGPNGTÅHÅTCPVCWZEJCORUFGNCRU[EJQNQIKGQWGVFGNCUQEKQNQIKGPQPUGWNGOGPVRGWXGPVKPFKURQUGT les CRRTGPCPVUOCKUCWUUKRCTCUKVGTUGNQPNGUÅVCKUOQDKNKUÅUGVNCFKOGPUKQPCDQTFÅGNCFÅOCTEJG&CPUFGVGNNGUEQPFKVKQPU PQWURTQRQUQPUQWVTGFGPGRCUOGPVKQPPGTVTQRXKVGNGOQVTÅƃGZKXKVÅFGOKUGTUWTNCEWTKQUKVÅFGUCRRTGPCPVUXKU¼XKU FGNGWTURCKTUFKOGPUKQPCRQWTUVKOWNGTNGWTGPXKGFGUoGPICIGTFCPUNGUGZGTEKEGU
7PCRRQTVUWTNCSWGUVKQPFGUTÅUKUVCPEGUHCEG¼NoGZGTEKEGTÅƃGZKH!
.CITKNNGSWGPQWURTQRQUQPURGPUÅGGPRTKQTKVÅRQWTNGUOKNKGWZFGNoCITQPQOKGCWUGPUNCTIGCWUGKPFGUSWGNUNGUTÅUKUVCPEGU HCEG¼NoGZGTEKEGTÅƃGZKHRGWXGPVUoCXÅTGTPQODTGWUGUPGRQWTTCKVGNNGRCUÅICNGOGPVPQWTTKTNCTÅƃGZKQPFGUEQPEGRVGWTUFG FKURQUKVKHUFCPUFoCWVTGUV[RGUFGOKNKGWZRTQHGUUKQPPGNU!2NWUKGWTUCWVGWTUÅXQSWGPVGPGHHGVNCFKHƂEWNVÅRQWTEGTVCKPGURGT- UQPPGU¼GPVTGTFCPUWPGZGTEKEGTÅƃGZKH[EQORTKUFCPUNGUGEVGWTFGUOÅVKGTUFGNoJWOCKPRQWTTGRTGPFTGPQURTQRQU KPVTQFWEVKHU,QTTQRCTNGRCTGZGORNGFoWPGRQUVWTGFGTGVTCPEJGOGPV»8CTICÅXQSWGFGUV[RGUFGTCRRQTVU CWZCWVTGUGVFGUV[RGUFGTCRRQTVUCWZFKURQUKVKHUFGHQTOCVKQPFKHHÅTGPVUGPVTGNGUKPFKXKFWUSWKEQPFKVKQPPGPVNCOCPKÄTG CXGENCSWGNNGKNUUoGPICIGPVFCPUNGUGZGTEKEGUTÅƃGZKHUSWoQPNGWTRTQRQUG&CPUVQWUNGUECUNoCFQRVKQPQWPQPFoWPGCWVJGP-
.GRCUUCIGRCTNGUFKOGPUKQPUCGVDFGPQVTGOQFÄNGSWKRGWXGPVRCTCÊVTGRNWUVTKXKCNGUSWGNGUFKOGPUKQPUEFGVGOCKU[
UQPVKPFWDKVCDNGOGPVNKÅGUPGRQWTTCKVKNRCUCKFGT¼NGXGTEGTVCKPGUTÅVKEGPEGUHCEG¼NoGZGTEKEGTÅƃGZKHGPHCKUCPVPCÊVTGRCT WPGEQPHTQPVCVKQPGZRNKEKVG¼NoCNVÅTKVÅWPKPVÅTÆVUWUEGRVKDNGFGPQWTTKTNCRQUVWTGFGEWTKQUKVÅGVFGSWGUVKQPPGOGPVFQPV RCTNG/QTKUUG!
'PIWKUGFoQWXGTVWTG
.GVTCXCKNTÅƃGZKHKUUWFGEGVVGRTKUGFGTGEWNUWTPQURTCVKSWGUFoCEEQORCIPGOGPVFoCRRTGPCPVUPQWUCCOGPÅUGPVCPVSWG HQTOCVGWTU¼TÅGZRNQTGTRQWTPQWUOÆOGUEJCEWPGFGUEKPSFKOGPUKQPUGVEGHCKUCPV¼TÅGZCOKPGTNCLWUVGUUGFGPQUKPVGT- XGPVKQPUFCPUEGUCEEQORCIPGOGPVU&GUEJCPIGOGPVUFGRTCVKSWGUQPVFoQTGUGVFÅL¼ÅVÅGPICIÅUEQPUÅEWVKXGOGPV¼EG VTCXCKNSWKRQWTTCKGPVHCKTGNoQDLGVFGTÅƃGZKQPUGVFGVTCXCWZHWVWTU
4CRRGNQPUGPƂPSWGPQVTGITKNNGXWGEQOOGWPECFTGFoCPCN[UGFQPVPQWUPQWUFQVQPURQWTVTCXCKNNGTUWTPQUFKURQUKVKHU GUVEWNVWTGNNGOGPVUKVWÅG¼FGPQODTGWZÅICTFU'PRTGOKGTNKGWGVEQOOGFÅL¼ÅXQSWÅRCTEGSWGPQWUCRRCTVGPQPU¼WP OKNKGWRTQHGUUKQPPGNFQPPÅ/CKUNCTÅƃGZKQPRGWVUCPUFQWVGÆVTGRQWUUÅGRNWUNQKP.oGZRTGUUKQPOÆOGFGPQUFKOGPUKQPU FGNCTÅƃGZKXKVÅGVGPRCTVKEWNKGTNCFKOGPUKQPDLoCKWPGEGTVCKPGEQPUEKGPEGFoÆVTGWPUWLGV¼RCTVGPVKÄTGeGUVNQKPFoÆVTG PGWVTGFoWPRQKPVFGXWGRJKNQUQRJKSWG2CUVTÅNGTCRRGNNGDKGPFCPUUQPQWXTCIGUWTNCFKFCEVKSWGRTQHGUUKQPPGNNGGP HCKUCPVTÅHÅTGPEG¼*GKFGIIGT
%oGUVRCTEGSWGNGUJQOOGUUQPVFGUÆVTGUSWKUQPVECRCDNGUFGUoKPVGTTQIGTUWTNGWTOQFGFoÆVTGEoGUVRCTEGSWoKNU PGUQPVRCUUGWNGOGPVEGSWoKNUUQPVFGUétants FKV*GKFGIIGTSWoKNUUQPVGPEQPUÅSWGPEGFGUUWLGVU'VEoGUV RCTEGSWoKNUQPVEGRQWXQKTFoKPVGTTQICVKQPUWTGWZOÆOGUSWoKNUUQPVCWUUKECRCDNGUFGTGPXGTUGTEGSWKNGUCHHGEVGGP VTCKVUKFGPVKVCKTGUCUUWOÅUR
%GVVG RQUVWTG RJKNQUQRJKSWG ¼ NCSWGNNG PQWU UQWUETKXQPU GUV RQWTVCPV NQKP FoÆVTG WPKXGTUGNNGOGPV RCTVCIÅG 5RKPQ\C RCT GZGORNGEQPUKFÄTGSWoQPPGRGWVRCUEQPUVTWKTGWPGRJKNQUQRJKG¼RCTVKTFWUWLGVRCTEGSWGEGFGTPKGTOCPSWGFGEQPUKU- VCPEGKFÅGTGRTKUGRCT.ÅXK5VTCWUUEKVÅRCT2CUVTÅR NGUWLGVEGVKPUWRRQTVCDNGGPHCPVI¾VÅSWKCVTQR NQPIVGORUQEEWRÅNCUEÄPGRJKNQUQRJKSWGGVGORÆEJÅVQWVVTCXCKNUÅTKGWZGPTÅENCOCPVWPGCVVGPVKQPGZENWUKXG»2CUVTÅ 3WGNNGRNCEGTGUVGVKNRQWTNGUWLGVGVRQWTNCTÅƃGZKXKVÅUKQPUoCFQPPG¼WPGETKVKSWGFGNoCPVJTQRQEGPVTKUOG!.CSWGU- VKQPTGUVGQWXGTVG
Remerciements
/GTEK¼NoGPUGODNGFGUÅVWFKCPVUKPIÅPKGWTUFQEVQTCPVUGVUVCIKCKTGUCKPUKSWoCWZEQCPKOCVGWTUFGPQUFKHHÅTGPVGUUGUUKQPU FGHQTOCVKQPSWKEQPVKPWGPVEJCSWGCPPÅG¼HCKTGÅXQNWGTPQUFKURQUKVKHUGV¼GPTKEJKTFGHCÃQPVTÄUXKXCPVGPQUGZRÅTKGPEGU RÅFCIQIKSWGUFoCEEQORCIPGOGPVCWFÅXGNQRRGOGPVRTQHGUUKQPPGNRCTNCTÅƃGZKXKVÅ
$KDNKQITCRJKG
$GCWLQWCP,%QWVCTGN(&CPKGNNQW(.oGZRÅTKGPEGFGUCWVTGUFCPUNCHQTOCVKQP#RRQTVUGVNKOKVGUFWTÅEKVRTQ- fessionnel. ¥FWECVKQPRGTOCPGPVG
$QCN#/GNNCE44KIQV/ØNNGT8,GWZRQWTCEVGWTUGVPQPCEVGWTURTCVKSWGFWVJžVTGFGNoQRRTKOÅ2CTKU(TCPEG .C&ÅEQWXGTVG
$QNVCPUMK.6JÅXGPQV.&GNCLWUVKƂECVKQP.GUÅEQPQOKGUFGNCITCPFGWT2CTKU(TCPEG)CNNKOCTF
$QWTIGQKU'.GUƂIWTGUFGNoCRRTGPVKUUCIGCWVTCXCKNCWFGN¼FGNCTÅƃGZKXKVÅ&CPU¥$QWTIGQKU5'PNCTV'FU
#RRTGPFTGFCPUNoGPVTGRTKUGRR2CTKU(TCPEG2TGUUGUWPKXGTUKVCKTGUFG(TCPEG
$TWPGT,.GFÅXGNQRRGOGPVFGNoGPHCPV5CXQKTHCKTGUCXQKTFKTG2CTKU(TCPEG2TGUUGUWPKXGTUKVCKTGUFG(TCPEG
$W[UUG#8CPJWNNG5¥ETKVWTGTÅƃGZKXGGVFÅXGNQRRGOGPVRTQHGUUKQPPGNSWGNUKPFKECVGWTU!3WGUVKQPUXKXGU FQKSWGUVKQPUXKXGU
%CTQP,%JQWKPCTF+.GTGEQWTUCWZCRRTQEJGUTÅƃGZKXGUFCPUNGUOÅVKGTUTGNCVKQPPGNU OQFÅNKUCVKQPFGUEQPEGR- VKQPUFGNCTÅƃGZKXKVÅ%QOOWPKECVKQPRTÅUGPVÅGCWG%QPITÄUFGNo#UUQEKCVKQPKPVGTPCVKQPCNGRQWTNCHQTOCVKQPNCTG- EJGTEJGGVNoKPVGTXGPVKQPUQEKCNG2QTVQ2QTVWICN
%JK\CNNGV/$CTEGNNKPK(2TQUV.5WRRQTVKPIHCTOGTUoOCPCIGOGPVQHEJCPIGVQYCTFUCITQGEQNQIKECNRTCEVKEGUD[
HQEWUKPIQPVJGKTYQTMCEQPVTKDWVKQPQHGTIQPQOKEU%CJKGTUFGNo#ITKEWNVWTGFQK ECITK
%NQV;(CËVC&)GPTGUGVUV[NGUGPCPCN[UGFWVTCXCKNEQPEGRVUGVOÅVJQFGU6TCXCKNNGT
%QWVWTKGT;%TKVKSWGFGNCTÅƃGZKXKVÅOCKUGUVEGFQPERQUUKDNG!2JTQPGUKUFQKCT
&QPPCFKGW$#NVGTPCPEG RQWTÅXKVGTNCEQPHWUKQPFGUTÐNGUGVFGURQUVWTGU&CPU2.JG\&/KNNGV$5ÅIWKGT 'FU#NVGTPCPEGGVEQORNGZKVÅGPHQTOCVKQPRR 2CTKU(TCPEG5ÅNK#TUNCP
(CDNGV&.GUITQWRGUFoCPCN[UGFGURTCVKSWGURTQHGUUKQPPGNNGU WPGXKUÅGCXCPVVQWVHQTOCVKXG%QPPGZKQPU FQKEPZ
(CKPIQNF07PFKURQUKVKHWPKXGTUKVCKTGEGPVTÅUWTWPVTCXCKNTÅƃGZKHFoGZRNQTCVKQPFWXÅEWUWDLGEVKHHQTOCVKQPGVVTCPU- HQTOCVKQPFGUQK4GEJGTEJGGVHQTOCVKQPFQKTGEJGTEJGHQTOCVKQP
)CTFGV , PQXGODTG .G RTKPEKRG FGU EKVÅU FG $QNVCPUMK GV 6JÅXGPQV 4GRÅTÅ ¼JVVRUYYY[QWVWDGEQO YCVEJ!X)[)PO9##'.
)WKNNGOGVVG(.CRTCVKSWGTÅƃGZKXGVQWVNGOQPFGGPRCTNGOCKUe#RRTQEJGUKPFWEVKXGUsFQKCT
*CVVQP05OKVJ& 4GƃGEVKQPKPVGCEJGTGFWECVKQPVQYCTFUFGƂPKVKQPCPFKORNGOGPVCVKQP. 6GCEJKPICPFVGCEJGT GFWECVKQPFQK:7
*WDGTV$#ITKEWNVWTGUGVFÅXGNQRRGOGPVFWTCDNGGPLGWZFGEQPPCKUUCPEGUGVCVVKVWFGUFGTGEJGTEJG&QUUKGTFG NoGPXKTQPPGOGPVFGNo+04#
,QTTQ#4ÅƃGZKXKVÅGVCWVQÅXCNWCVKQPFCPUNGURTCVKSWGUGPUGKIPCPVGU/GUWTGGVÅXCNWCVKQPGPÅFWECVKQP .KUQP%.CRTCVKSWGTÅƃGZKXGGPGPUGKIPGOGPVUWRÅTKGWT FoWPGCRRTQEJGVJÅQTKSWG¼WPGRGTURGEVKXGFGFÅXGNQR-
RGOGPVRTQHGUUKQPPGNPhronesis, 2(1), sFQKCT
/QTKUUG/.GUFKOGPUKQPUTÅƃGZKXGGVRTQHGUUKQPPCNKUCPVGFGNoÅETKVWTG3WGNSWGUEQPUKFÅTCVKQPUÅRKUVÅOQNQIKSWGU VJÅQTKSWGUGVOÅVJQFQNQIKSWGU&CPU//QTKUUG..CHQTVWPG'FU.oÅETKVWTGTÅƃGZKXGQDLGVFGTGEJGTEJGGVFGRTQ- HGUUKQPPCNKUCVKQPRR 5CKPVG(Q[%CPCFC 2TGUUGUFGNo7PKXGTUKVÅFW3WÅDGE
2CUVTÅ2.CFKFCEVKSWGRTQHGUUKQPPGNNG#RRTQEJGCPVJTQRQNQIKSWGFWFÅXGNQRRGOGPVEJG\NGUCFWNVGU2CTKU(TCPEG 2TGUUGUWPKXGTUKVCKTGUFG(TCPEG
2CWN / .C FÅOCTEJG FoCEEQORCIPGOGPV 4GRÄTGU OÅVJQFQNQIKSWGU GV TGUUQWTEGU VJÅQTKSWGU .QWXCKPNC0GWXG
$GNIKSWG&G$QGEM5WRÅTKGWT
4QIGTU%.GFÅXGNQRRGOGPVFGNCRGTUQPPG2CTKU(TCPEG&WPQF
5RCTMU.CPIGT)/5KOOQPU,/2CUEJ/%QNVQP#5VCTMQ#4GƃGEVKXGRGFCIQIKECNVJKPMKPIJQYECPYG RTQOQVGKVCPFOGCUWTGKV!,QWTPCNQHVGCEJGTGFWECVKQP
6CTFKH/$QTIGU%/CNQ#.GXKTCIGTÅƃGZKHGPÅFWECVKQPQÕGPUQOOGUPQWUCPUCRTÄU5EJÒP!$TWZGNNGU
$GNIKSWG&G$QGEM5WRÅTKGWT
6TQIPQP.#EEQORCIPGTNCTÅƃGZKXKVÅWPGEQPUVTWEVKQPFGNoGZRÅTKGPEG¥FWECVKQPRGTOCPGPVG 6TQIPQP.#EEQORCIPGTNCTÅƃGZKXKVÅFGUOCPCIGTUFWFÅXGNQRRGOGPVVGTTKVQTKCN2U[EJCPCN[UG/CPCIGOGPV
7YCOCTK[C#/WMCOWTGTC,.GEQPEGRVFGFÅXGNQRRGOGPVRTQHGUUKQPPGNGPGPUGKIPGOGPVCRRTQEJGUVJÅQ- TKSWGU4GXWGFGUUEKGPEGUFGNoÅFWECVKQPsFQKCT
8CP/CPGP/.KPMKPIYC[UQHMPQYKPIYKVJYC[UQHDGKPIRTCEVKECN%WTTKEWNWO+PSWKT[FQK
8CTIC4/CPKHGUVCVKQPUNKPIWKUVKSWGUFGNCTÅƃGZKXKVÅGVFGNCPQPTÅƃGZKXKVÅ NGURQUVWTGUGPLGWFCPUNCVTCPUHQTOCVKQP FWUWLGV+PVGTTQICVKQPU!=GPNKIPG?JVVRUYYYTGXWGKPVGTTQICVKQPUQTI/CPKHGUVCVKQPUNKPIWKUVKSWGUFGNC%QPUWN- VÅNGOCK
8GTOGTUEJ2.oGPVTGVKGPFoGZRNKEKVCVKQP2CTKU(TCPEG'5(
8KCN/#EEQORCIPGTPoGUVRCUIWKFGT%QOOWPKECVKQPRTÅUGPVÅG¼NC%QPHÅTGPEGCWZHQTOCVGWTUFGNo'EQNGFGNC .ÅEJÄTG(QPFCVKQPRQWTNGUENCUUGUFoGPUGKIPGOGPVURÅEKCNKUÅFGNC)TW[ÄTG5WKUUG