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Propriétés électrophysiologiques des canaux ioniques formés par la toxine nématicide Cry5Ba du bacille de Thuringe dans les bicouches lipidiques planes

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(3)  . Résumé  /HVWR[LQHV&U\VRQWGHVSURWpLQHVV\QWKpWLVpHVVRXVIRUPHGHFULVWDX[SDUODEDFWpULH EDFLOOH GH 7KXULQJH SHQGDQW OD VSRUXODWLRQ (OOHV VRQW ODUJHPHQW XWLOLVpHV FRPPH DJHQWV GH OXWWHELRORJLTXHFDUHOOHVVRQWWR[LTXHVHQYHUVSOXVLHXUVHVSqFHVG¶LQYHUWpEUpHV\FRPSULVOHV QpPDWRGHV/HVWR[LQHV&U\%VRQWDFWLYHVFRQWUHFHUWDLQHVHVSqFHVGHQpPDWRGHVSDUDVLWHV\ FRPSULV Ankylostoma ceylanicum XQ SDUDVLWH TXL LQIHVWH OH V\VWqPH JDVWURLQWHVWLQDO GHV KXPDLQV -XVTX¶DX SUpVHQW OH PRGH G¶DFWLRQ GHV WR[LQHV &U\ QpPDWLFLGHV UHVWH JUDQGHPHQW LQFRQQX VDXI TXH OHXUV UpFHSWHXUV VSpFLILTXHV VRQW GHV JO\FROLSLGHV HW TX¶HOOHV FDXVHQW GHV GRPPDJHV LPSRUWDQWV DX[ FHOOXOHV LQWHVWLQDOHV 'DQV FHWWH pWXGH RQ GpPRQWUH SRXU OD SUHPLqUH IRLV TXH OD WR[LQH QpPDWLFLGH &U\%D PHPEUH GH OD IDPLOOH GHV WR[LQHV j WURLV GRPDLQHVHWSURGXLWHSDUODEDFWpULHEDFLOOHGH7KXULQJHIRUPHGHVSRUHVGDQVOHVELFRXFKHV OLSLGLTXHV SODQHV HQ DEVHQFH GH UpFHSWHXUV /HV SRUHV IRUPpV SDU FHWWH WR[LQH VRQW GH VpOHFWLYLWp FDWLRQLTXH j S+ DFLGH RX DOFDOLQ /HV FRQGXFWDQFHV GHV SRUHV IRUPpV VRXV FRQGLWLRQVV\PpWULTXHVGHP0GH.&OYDULHQWHQWUHHWS6jS+HW/HV QLYHDX[ GHV FRQGXFWDQFHV OHV SOXV IUpTXHPPHQW REVHUYpV GLIIqUHQW OHV XQV GHV DXWUHV SDU HQYLURQ  j  S6 FH TXL HVW FRPSDWLEOH DYHF O¶H[LVWHQFH G¶DUUDQJHPHQW G¶XQ QRPEUH GLIIpUHQWGHSRUHVpOpPHQWDLUHVVLPLODLUHVDFWLYpVGHIDoRQV\QFKURQLVpHRXDYHFODSUpVHQFH G¶ROLJRPqUHVGHWDLOOHVYDULDEOHVHWGHGLIIpUHQWVGLDPqWUHVGHSRUHV Mots-clésEDFLOOHGH7KXULQJH įHQGRWR[LQHQpPDWLFLGH, &U\%DELFRXFKHOLSLGLTXHSODQH IRUPDWLRQGHSRUHVpOHFWURSK\VLRORJLHPRGpOLVDWLRQSDUKRPRORJLH C. elegans. LLL.

(4)  . Abstract  &U\WR[LQVDUHSURWHLQVV\QWKHWL]HGDVFU\VWDOLQFOXVLRQVE\WKHBacillus thuringiensis EDFWHULXPXSRQVSRUXODWLRQ7KH\DUHXVHGZLGHO\DVELRORJLFDOFRQWURODJHQWVDVWKH\H[KLELW WR[LFLW\WRDUDQJHRILQYHUWHEUDWHVLQFOXGLQJQHPDWRGHV7KH&U\%WR[LQVDUHDFWLYHDJDLQVW D QXPEHU RI SDUDVLWLF QHPDWRGH VSHFLHV VXFK DV Ancylostoma ceylanicum D KXPDQ JDVWUR LQWHVWLQDOSDUDVLWH6RIDUWKHPRGHRI DFWLRQRI QHPDWLFLGDO&U\WR[LQVLVODUJHO\XQNQRZQ H[FHSWIRUWKHIDFWVWKDWWKHLUVSHFLILFUHFHSWRUVDUHJO\FROLSLGVDQGWKDWWKH\FDXVHSURPLQHQW GDPDJH WR QHPDWRGH LQWHVWLQDO FHOOV ,Q WKLV VWXG\ ZH VKRZ IRU WKH ILUVW WLPH WKDW WKH QHPDWLFLGDO &U\%D WR[LQ D PHPEHU RI WKH WKUHH GRPDLQ IDPLO\ RI WR[LQV SURGXFHG E\ WKH Bacillus thuringiensis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eywords  Bacillus thuringiensis QHPDWLFLGDO įHQGRWR[LQH &U\%D OLSLG ELOD\HU PHPEUDQHSRUHIRUPDWLRQHOHFWURSK\VLRORJ\KRPRORJ\PRGHOLQJC. elegans. LY.

(5)  . Table des matières Table des matières.....................................................................................................................v Liste des tableaux .................................................................................................................. viii Liste des figures ....................................................................................................................... ix Liste des abréviations ............................................................................................................ xii Remerciements ...................................................................................................................... xiv CHAPITRE 1. . INTRODUCTION.....................................................................................1. /HEDFLOOHGH7KXULQJH Bt

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