• Aucun résultat trouvé

المواطنة في زمن الفضاءات المفتوحة: تجاذبات الولاء بين المحلي والمعولم

N/A
N/A
Protected

Academic year: 2021

Partager "المواطنة في زمن الفضاءات المفتوحة: تجاذبات الولاء بين المحلي والمعولم"

Copied!
20
0
0

Texte intégral

(1)‫ )‪2018

(2)  (01)   (15‬‬. ‫‪383‬‬. ‫‬. ‫ ‬ ‫ 

(3) ‪:‬‬ ‫‪2017‬‬ ‫‪20171112‬‬. ‫ 

(4) ‪:‬‬. ‫   

(5)  ‬ ‫   

(6)    ‬. ‫‪20180412‬‬. ‫ 

(7) ‪:‬‬ ‫‪20180601‬‬. ‫‬. ‫‪ * "# $% /‬‬. ‫‪&%‬‬ ‫! 

(8)   

(9) 

(10)  

(11) 

(12)  

(13)  

(14) 

(15)   

(16) ‬ ‫&

(17)   ‪

(18) "  ) * '(

(19) 

(20) "   

(21) 

(22) 

(23) # $  %‬‬ ‫

(24) ‪.  

(25) +  

(26) /&

(27) / 0 '

(28) $

(29) % 

(30) + , '-‬‬ ‫

(31)  

(32) ‪ .   & '1 2 23 

(33) 4  '1 

(34) 

(35) 5 1 % '1 2

(36) /‬‬ ‫

(37) ‪

(38) 

(39) % /  7$ 1   

(40) /

(41)

(42) 1*  '  !

(43) 6.

(44)  /.‬‬ ‫

(45) ‪'1  $

(46) 1!

(47) 

(48) 

(49) 5 1  1

(50) 

(51) 7    8  ! / 94‬‬ ‫ *‪:

(52)   

(53) 

(54)   ' 

(55) '

(56) 

(57) '1  2  ! 5. /!0‬‬ ‫* )  

(58)  

(59) !;

(60) !;‪.‬‬ ‫'   ‪'$

(61) 1!

(62) 6.

(63)  

(64) 

(65) 

(66) :‬‬ ‫(‬ ‫‪ ;

(67)   )>  

(68) 

(69)    

(70) /!

(71)  . 

(72) 

(73) /0‬‬ ‫ ‪

(74)  

(75) /

(76)

(77) 

(78) '1 6

(79)

(80) 

(81) /43% 1 % /

(82) 4  $? ) * /‬‬ ‫ ‪ /!0*    $    

(83) + /&

(84) 

(85) 

(86) (

(87) 5‬‬ ‫

(88) ' ! 

(89) ‪  @   ) * :

(90)   

(91)  '

(92) ' 

(93)  

(94) '1 

(95) 3‬‬ ‫

(96)    ‪'1 ! 

(97) 

(98)   '1 &

(99) 5>* 5 $ ) * "%   $

(100) 7.‬‬ ‫

(101) ‪.

(102) 

(103) 

(104) /   >   '

(105)  

(106) /.‬‬. ‫*?

(107)  

(108)  ‪belkhir_assia@yahoo.frK ? . A‬‬ ‫اا  ز ا

(109) ءات ا "

(110) ذ

(111) ت اء  ا وا ــــــــــــــــــــ د‪!" #$ .‬‬.

(112) 2018

(113)  (01)   (15) . 384. '1 . AD

(114) A% B /* C / 

(115) 5  6  

(116)  > '1  (

(117) 7A CA 94

(118) '2

(119) 

(120) AD

(121) E 4 CA2%  

(122) 

(123) )> ? 3 /

(124) ? /.

(125) /

(126)  5 > 5 2 '   )> 

(127) 

(128) ?

(129) /

(130)  F

(131)  0   3F 9 

(132) 7

(133) : 2 5  0 D

(134) .

(135) 4  ./1

(136)  - /2% 94

(137)  

(138) 2 ,  ( C A A1 . 

(139) G )>  . 6.

(140)  >.  - 7> &

(141) 

(142)  83  

(143) 

(144) )> /

(145) .

(146)  

(147).  6. /. '

(148) 2!

(149) H>!

(150) .  '1 2

(151) 

(152) ! >.!

(153) 2?!

(154) 6.

(155) I>.!

(156) /H 5. 0%.  /      '1  

(157). # $  J K1 > @   '

(158) >.!

(159) /?H

(160)    I'$

(161) 1!

(162) )> 5. $? 7 /. /!-

(163)  > . 70 /  L .  

(164) 

(165) .

(166)  H>  &    

(167)  

(168) 

(169) :0 94

(170) '?

(171) J!

(172) & '1 

(173) 

(174)   

(175)  )

(176) ,

(177) 8  !

(178)

(179) 4 '1 

(180) 

(181) /

(182)   7 %      

(183) 

(184)  . 94

(185)  

(186)  

(187)  

(188) I/   ?H3%  ' ? '   

(189)  &  : 

(190) /!-

(191)   ,

(192)  0*  I$

(193) 1!

(194) >.

(195) >.

(196)  

(197) I 

(198) '1   >

(199) %   M $

(200) 1!

(201) 

(202) 

(203)   

(204) 

(205)   % "$

(206) 1!

(207) 

(208)  "   M 

(209) 

(210)   )> I  !

(211) /

(212)  

(213)  ' 

(214)  

(215) 2  M   L % 

(216)  7% % M " 

(217) " '  )> '  !

(218) 

(219) 3!

(220)   M > $

(221) 1

(222) 

(223)  H1 .   M2

(224) M' 

(225) ;!

(226)  

(227)   82  H3  '

(228) '2

(229) O

(230) P

(231)  /!0D

(232) :4 0? 

(233)  7  ,  '$

(234) 1!

(235) 6.

(236) $ % )> 8 ?  

(237) 

(238) >

(239) %  5 3Q '. 82  6 $

(240) 1

(241) 

(242)  R  

(243) 70    $% 

(244)  $

(245) 1!

(246) 

(247) 

(248) 

(249)   

(250) ?H

(251)  B 

(252) 

(253)  & 

(254) '1 1

(255)  

(256) '   >

(257) %  '1 I  

(258) 5 &   '1 'B2!

(259) O

(260)  

(261) 

(262)  O !

(263) > 

(264)   ?

(265) )> 8 ?

(266) H3  

(267) H>!

(268) & '1 ' 

(269)  

(270) '1 

(271) 

(272) !" #$ .‫اا  ز ا

(273) ءات ا "

(274) ذ

(275) ت اء  ا وا ــــــــــــــــــــ د‬.

(276) ‫ )‪2018

(277)  (01)   (15‬‬. ‫‪385‬‬. ‫     ‪.

(278) S   

(279) 2

(280) 7‬‬ ‫‪.. , - :$ *  .I‬‬ ‫  ‪5>* 5 $    E % .  

(281) 

(282)   )>  H&  

(283) / %‬‬ ‫ ‪ '1 / 

(284) 2

(285) 6. )> /

(286)     

(287) :0  ; $ )> 

(288) 

(289) 8‬‬ ‫

(290) ‪'  > 

(291)  8 ?

(292) E 4 

(293) 9 $

(294)  7% % E 4 . 

(295) /

(296) ;$‬‬ ‫

(297) 

(298) 

(299) ‪. J  ;$ '$

(300) 1!

(301) 6.‬‬ ‫‪ 012 : ./‬‬ ‫

(302) 

(303)   ‪ & !  

(304)  '1 

(305) ?D

(306)   

(307)  54 3‬‬ ‫‪D

(308)    7  94

(309)  

(310)  

(311) .D

(312) ?*   

(313) % .‬‬ ‫ ‪.7‬‬ ‫

(314) ‪6 94

(315) 

(316) 

(317) 2 " % )> " " & .  

(318) 

(319)  H2‬‬ ‫  @   

(320) ‪(12  2004> ')."

(321) ) * :-

(322) 7> $  '

(323) /.‬‬ ‫‪ 1    >.

(324) ?H> %  " >  

(325)  1 ""    %‬‬ ‫' ‪;!

(326) (

(327) 

(328) )  (

(329) 8 

(330)  ?H

(331) :4 H3  ( ) ' 6.‬‬ ‫  )

(332)  ‪

(333) &% @  >  

(334)  

(335)  ?H

(336) :4  

(337) '

(338) 8‬‬ ‫

(339) ‪."B‬‬ ‫ ‪5   ;!

(340) ;! 0

(341) ' 

(342) 

(343) ,  3 , $4‬‬ ‫

(344) 

(345) ' ' ‪ 2

(346) 3(

(347)  /

(348) 4

(349)  (

(350) /. #0D

(351) 2‬‬ ‫ ‪% /

(352) 4  &  

(353)  1 .

(354) V (

(355) 6 ?H

(356) ) * 0 

(357)  1 E 4‬‬ ‫  ‪7 73  7  : 4. 7 2%    ;!

(358) 0 - '1‬‬ ‫  ‪./.

(359) :4   1‬‬ ‫  " ‪C '

(360)  

(361)  

(362)   

(363) 

(364)

(365) E ' 

(366) 

(367) %  ( %‬‬ ‫ ‪  /

(368) 

(369) 7> V  @    .‬‬. ‫>) ‪5

(370) 

(371) :'   ? 6 %‬‬. ‫

(372)  

(373) ‪(12 2008 &1

(374) >  ) . >.!

(375)  B

(376)  0‬‬ ‫

(377) 

(378)  ‪)>  (

(379) 

(380) '1   / 

(381) 5 $

(382) 2 '1  (

(383)  '1‬‬ ‫>

(384) ‪   ? 

(385) 

(386) / 

(387) & 

(388) 6 

(389) 

(390) /

(391) 

(392) /.‬‬ ‫

(393) & 

(394) 

(395)   & &

(396) 

(397) 

(398) 

(399) 

(400) ' ‪ & 6  ) * /‬‬ ‫

(401) 

(402)   ‪

(403) 

(404) % / '

(405) ? 

(406) 

(407) 

(408) ' 

(409)  

(410) >

(411) 1‬‬ ‫اا  ز ا

(412) ءات ا "

(413) ذ

(414) ت اء  ا وا ــــــــــــــــــــ د‪!" #$ .‬‬.

(415) ‫‪386‬‬. ‫ )‪2018

(416)  (01)   (15‬‬. ‫* )‪:‬‬ ‫‪@ 

(417) V  H3  ?% '

(418) 0> 

(419)  

(420) OB % "*  :   5‬‬ ‫

(421)  ‪. 

(422) % 5

(423) 

(424) %

(425) ?* E 4 

(426) / 

(427) 

(428) 

(429)   :‬‬ ‫‪@ 

(430) )> 71 

(431)  94

(432)  0> 6

(433)  

(434) 6 & : (5" "   5‬‬ ‫

(435) ‪/ 2

(436) '1 @

(437)  

(438)  0

(439) H 

(440) 0

(441) 5

(442) * '1  0  23‬‬ ‫

(443)  ‪/?H   &  >

(444) ? > . 

(445) 

(446)  4* 

(447) 8B&  C0‬‬ ‫

(448) ‪(50 .2011.  ) .6.‬‬ ‫‪ $ ' 94

(449)  

(450)   0

(451)  

(452) 6  : (65,    I‬‬ ‫‪C

(453) )> & %  23 @ 

(454) " ?  7 

(455)  92?!

(456) (

(457)  )%‬‬ ‫> 

(458)  ‪    $  

(459) 3 5 $  '     %

(460) /‬‬ ‫

(461) (

(462) ‪/ 

(463) /H

(464)  &  

(465)  & 4* > 92?!

(466) 9‬‬ ‫

(467) ‪&1

(468) >  ) .'. & 1 6?

(469) ?  & .  >.!

(470) /?H‬‬ ‫‪(12 2008‬‬ ‫‪ @   '

(471) '1 P ' 

(472) 

(473) >

(474) )> :( "   5‬‬ ‫ ‪ 2

(475) ;!

(476)  

(477) ;!

(478)  

(479) ?  !!  ? 1 .‬‬ ‫

(480)

(481) ‪...‬‬ ‫‪& '1 7 ;!  

(482) 0 E 4 >  

(483) 

(484) / 

(485) / 

(486) & '1‬‬ ‫ ‪

(487) 

(488)  7.

(489) 7?  B $ )>  1 >.

(490)  ? 

(491)  .‬‬ ‫  ‪2015  2  3).7  '

(492) 8 &

(493) /? (

(494)  7 '?   '1‬‬ ‫‪.(134‬‬ ‫* ‪

(495)     

(496)  

(497) 

(498)  &  . 4

(499) F

(500) 

(501) .‬‬ ‫‪7  6  

(502)

(503) 4 8 W ? %I2 '

(504) '3 

(505) : '1  3

(506) 

(507) 4

(508) 23‬‬ ‫‪

(509) ' @ 1 

(510) "  1 ' 

(511) % '

(512) " 

(513) ) 

(514) % /  8H3‬‬ ‫  '

(515) )

(516)  "

(517)  ' ‪:)> 0    & > 

(518) 

(519)  ('D

(520) %‬‬ ‫‪  7( 4 , 

(521)   $  >.

(522)  

(523) .  .‬‬ ‫*

(524) ;

(525) &

(526)  ‪  

(527) E  7.  > 

(528) >  8  $  - 4‬‬ ‫>‪;

(529) % )>

(530) ? 7. " 3% .  

(531) 7- 7?H> .   3F 7?H‬‬ ‫‪ % '1 8 W ? 2

(532) E  7. '1   '$  H3  7 -‬‬ ‫اا  ز ا

(533) ءات ا "

(534) ذ

(535) ت اء  ا وا ــــــــــــــــــــ د‪!" #$ .‬‬.

(536) ‫ )‪2018

(537)  (01)   (15‬‬. ‫‪387‬‬. ‫‪/.  / 

(538) 83 1 & 

(539)  >  P4 5  5> /  @1  2‬‬ ‫ ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ 

(540)    >

(541) .   

(542) 

(543)   5 

(544) / 

(545) /‬‬ ‫‪'

(546) 

(547)  3 

(548) 

(549)  

(550) / 1 " 3% .  

(551) "   .‬‬ ‫  >) ‪ )> I 

(552) I @ 1 

(553)  

(554) /     9 ? ;

(555)  .‬‬ ‫

(556) !;

(557) ‪  )>   '

(558) 

(559) / 

(560) 

(561) '1 />.

(562) 83  0 /‬‬ ‫

(563) !;

(564) '  ‪)>   '

(565) :%$  $ ( :   % 5> )> 9‬‬ ‫

(566)  

(567)  ‪)>  

(568)     9% 3

(569) ;

(570) 9%  )> '

(571) ;!

(572)  %‬‬ ‫?'

(573)  ‪ (

(574) ;>* 5 $ >

(575) % $. $ ( "  1 " 3(

(576) /‬‬ ‫ ‪  > .  

(577) ;

(578) 5 ? )> 

(579) 6  .

(580) 1  ?H

(581) 

(582)  0‬‬ ‫

(583) ‪'1  0

(584) 2> )>  $ (   B

(585) /- :43 94

(586) '1

(587) .‬‬ ‫

(588) ‪! ,  % /

(589) 4 + ?  /

(590) ;

(591)  . H3  '

(592) 6.

(593) 

(594) '1 

(595) 0‬‬ ‫‪)>   '

(596) $ $ ( /   .

(597) 

(598) 9% % >.

(599)

(600)    9% 8‬‬ ‫‪.

(601)  

(602)   1 

(603) 

(604)  ?    

(605) 5 

(606) '1 

(607) 

(608) @  $‬‬ ‫ ‪'1 5. P4 /  

(609) / 

(610) 6 ; $ )> >. 

(611) 1!

(612) ;

(613) 8$‬‬ ‫

(614) 

(615) '

(616) ' ‪G   

(617) 1  230

(618) / 

(619)   )>  +%‬‬ ‫ @

(620) !  ( ‪  >.

(621) )

(622)  

(623) ;

(624)   /. '

(625) $( $‬‬ ‫

(626) ‪'> ). 

(627) 3     ;!

(628) .  83  

(629)  3‬‬ ‫‪(215I212 20153‬‬ ‫*

(630)  

(631)  ‪.

(632) 1

(633)  &

(634) 2 )> . :0 94

(635) 6‬‬ ‫

(636)  ‪>.

(637)  / ;

(638) ) 5 2 /  > B

(639) 

(640) ,

(641) .  

(642) /.‬‬ ‫  ‪ & $  

(643) I6.

(644) I 

(645)  ?H

(646)  )> 5 ? ( ? 3‬‬ ‫

(647) 

(648)  ‪ 

(649)  ?H

(650)  )> ? ' ' 

(651) '1     8H3‬‬ ‫

(652) ‪.  

(653)  ?  & $ G

(654) 6.

(655) )

(656)  

(657)  !

(658)  6.‬‬ ‫*

(659) 

(660)  !   >)

(661) ‪'

(662) .

(663) )>    

(664)  1 '

(665) .‬‬ ‫

(666) ' ‪& '

(667) 

(668) 5

(669) :. 7.

(670)   

(671) G* G 94

(672) ;!

(673)

(674) 4 '1‬‬ ‫

(675) 

(676)  ‪ G% 9 

(677) " 

(678) )> 

(679) 

(680) / * ) 6.

(681) '1‬‬ ‫?  ‪/.

(682) 01 % J. G '

(683) " 

(684) )> 7% &H % >  X0‬‬ ‫اا  ز ا

(685) ءات ا "

(686) ذ

(687) ت اء  ا وا ــــــــــــــــــــ د‪!" #$ .‬‬.

(688) 2018

(689)  (01)   (15) . 388.  '.!

(690) ;! 0

(691) "  61 '1 '>.!

(692) '

(693) & @  " 

(694)  ?H

(695) '1  3  . )> 7  E 4 '1 0

(696) 6.

(697)    %  '

(698) .!

(699) &

(700)  S?   #? 6  % 6.

(701) 

(702) 1% 

(703) " :7 ? '1 $' 23 ? 

(704) 

(705) 5 1 *  

(706)  C2

(707)   

(708) 

(709) 2004 > ') "* 9  *      , :;    "<  (12 $   >"... $ * 5= ...'?

(710) &

(711) .

(712) H>!

(713) 

(714) .

(715) '  !

(716) ;$

(717) '$

(718) 1!

(719) 6.

(720) 5 $    !  0 /

(721)   0

(722)  >. >  /2  2!

(723) B >  > Y % Y % Y? % Y? > 2

(724) % % Y1

(725) .   >

(726) ? >.

(727) ) * !

(728)  0  1  Y  

(729) '>.!

(730) 2

(731) 

(732) 6?

(733)   9  .>

(734)  '  '

(735) /?H3(

(736) >

(737) 

(738) 

(739) / Z P 3

(740)  3

(741) >)".'.  '>.

(742) &"  '$

(743) 1!

(744) 6.

(745) de Moor and Weigand .

(746) (2013 ' 

(747) 

(748) / 

(749) . 0 '

(750) . 

(751) 5   '$

(752) 1!

(753) 6.

(754)    

(755) 0 P

(756) H3  '  !

(757) '>.!

(758) >

(759) > '1 / '

(760) 2!

(761) :A $

(762) 1!

(763) /.

(764)  ? /0 $ / 

(765)  EH

(766) % . % . %  % > > &

(767) V  G

(768)  > .  . I1 ( 2013G  ' 

(769) 

(770) > ).  C 94

(771) :INTERCONNECTEDNESS 3

(772) 

(773) '0

(774) 2

(775) 

(776) I2 .2

(777) 

(778) >

(779)   @  6  'Z 0 ?(

(780) 

(781) 2

(782)   

(783) '1 8

(784) (

(785) 83  >

(786)  H3  : 3

(787) .!

(788) >  I3 .  9

(789)

(790) '>  0 $

(791) 1!

(792) >.

(793)  '1  0

(794) .!

(795) )> 3

(796) 5 ? : INTERACTIVITY :>

(797) I4 .   ?   .  >.

(798)  @1 / 

(799) 

(800)

(801) 6.

(802) 

(803) 1

(804) 6. '

(805) 

(806) /

(807) >  '

(808) :2

(809) 

(810)  I5 6?

(811)  %     3 

(812)   $

(813)  0 @1  

(814)   '

(815) >.!

(816) / 

(817) (FACE BOOK , MYSPASE, FLICKER) '>.!

(818) 2

(819) 

(820) !" #$ .‫اا  ز ا

(821) ءات ا "

(822) ذ

(823) ت اء  ا وا ــــــــــــــــــــ د‬.

(824) 389. 2018

(825)  (01)   (15) . (48 2011    

(826) *)...   !

(827) /

(828) % '

(829) ;!

(830) %  /?H>   

(831) /.

(832) '1 

(833) 1(

(834) 

(835) 4* ;!

(836)  0*   J  - 1 (

(837) I 

(838) 

(839) '1 '

(840) % '1

(841) .

(842) % 9 B0

(843) MGD

(844) E 4 6 % 1   I .

(845) (

(846) 1  3 '

(847) $

(848) 1!

(849) >. M7

(850)  ' .

(851)  9 McMillan and Chavis (1986) 10 H      

(852) ;!

(853) >.  0

(854)  ?H

(855) > ,

(856) de Moor and Weigand (2007) ;! 0

(857) '>

(858) 0  $

(859) 1!

(860) >.

(861) G 

(862)  '1 ,

(863) H3 : 

(864) 

(865) 

(866) 1  5 $ )

(867) /

(868) 

(869) /2 1 '$

(870) 1!

(871) >

(872) 

(873)  3

(874) @

(875) > >.

(876) '1  $

(877) . 9% :.

(878)  $

(879) I .>.

(880) '1 7%  

(881)  GD

(882) ' / 

(883)   H3  >.  

(884) 

(885) /?H> H3  : 

(886) )> 5   GD

(887) ' I .'

(888)  !

(889) '

(890) #0!

(891) @ >

(892)  . % /   

(893) 

(894) 

(895)

(896).   B

(897) 

(898) .

(899) 

(900) $

(901) I.  5   0   + 7% !* 7. .  ! '$

(902) 1!

(903) 2

(904) 

(905) % + :

(906) I /!  . '?

(907)

(908)  

(909) '1 1  3

(910)   /

(911) 4* 23 >.

(912) ;$>% (2013 ' 

(913) 

(914) > ) . 0 /1 ;$>(

(915) I

(916) 1!

(917)  , 94

(918)  P   94

(919) '>.

(920) ;!  

(921) 0 I   0

(922) '1 +

(923) ! GD

(924)  @    G*   )>   4

(925) ..  >.

(926) :.

(927)  -  : 0  .  5 

(928) Virtual Citizenship $

(929) 1!

(930) 

(931) 

(932) 5 1 [  E 4 ; $ )> 

(933) 

(934) /  1 & 

(935)  5.  & $

(936)   I .

(937)  

(938) @ 

(939)  > .  

(940) 1 6 4* $

(941) 1!

(942) >.

(943) '1    5

(944)  ;!

(945)   

(946) 

(947) 1 &1  

(948) ! $

(949) 1!

(950) >.

(951) '1 :   / - 7> 6 &

(952)  

(953) (

(954) 1 . >.

(955) 

(956)  1 

(957) 

(958)   @ '$

(959) 1!

(960) .((

(961) I 

(962) I6.

(963) )

(964) >. ? 2 / > ' :$    52 

(965) 6$  

(966) 

(967) 

(968) 6$ 9 

(969) 7 $

(970) 1!

(971) 

(972) 

(973)   * !" #$ .‫اا  ز ا

(974) ءات ا "

(975) ذ

(976) ت اء  ا وا ــــــــــــــــــــ د‬.

(977) 2018

(978)  (01)   (15) . 390. (

(979) I  I .

(980)    

(981)  2

(982)  

(983) 

(984) /$   ,   > '1 '.

(985) .!

(986) H

(987) @ '1 

(988) 

(989) 

(990) " .  0* J 1 M'$

(991) 1

(992) G- 94

(993)  

(994)  

(995)   

(996) ?H

(997) > 

(998)   

(999) 

(1000) 

(1001) *  

(1002) ;

(1003) 1   '

(1004) 6.

(1005) )> 2

(1006)  

(1007) 

(1008) '1 /.

(1009) @   & 2? /% /$? 5>  

(1010) 8 > 1 7

(1011)    .

(1012) 7 '

(1013)   7B! % " @ 1 

(1014) 

(1015) 

(1016) "    ! 

(1017) 

(1018) /   ;

(1019) 

(1020) '1  

(1021) .> '1 

(1022) '

(1023) 

(1024) 1 . '

(1025) " 

(1026) 

(1027) 

(1028) " % "/1

(1029) 5

(1030) 

(1031) 

(1032) "  

(1033) .  .

(1034) 2?!

(1035) 

(1036) 0

(1037) % '1

(1038) ;

(1039) % " 3% % ) * 5

(1040) >  %  V \  0 ?  &    7 CK 1$* 

(1041)  % 7  ." 6?

(1042)

(1043) 9% # .  7

(1044) 4* G

(1045) /% 6?

(1046)

(1047) % !* $? % ! 

(1048) 

(1049) 

(1050) 

(1051) 

(1052)  !

(1053) 

(1054) " % )> /2 

(1055)  % 5 % + 1 "H ' (

(1056) !

(1057)  > 6? 

(1058)  !

(1059) 5  /3  5 / * "  ! 

(1060)   

(1061)  ) ' (

(1062) !

(1063) 

(1064)    H3   !

(1065) 

(1066) 

(1067) . 1993 :   )> B? ' # 0 

(1068) 

(1069) 

(1070) 

(1071) . (...C0 

(1072) / 2

(1073) (22 2011 3 '>) 

(1074) @ 

(1075) '1 5

(1076) 

(1077) 7  ) : * ;!

(1078)    '?* 'I . 

(1079) '1 

(1080) 

(1081)   & 0 / 1(

(1082) :4 % + H3   !

(1083) 

(1084)   

(1085) 

(1086)  & /0 &! % !* ' !

(1087) !

(1088) '1 

(1089) 

(1090) @  

(1091)  le civisme 

(1092) 

(1093)  %  

(1094)  

(1095) /0 & EH ? '$ > @ 

(1096) 

(1097) C2 0 

(1098)  %

(1099) . H!

(1100) />  (128/125 2011  9 ).2?!

(1101) 

(1102) 8 &

(1103) /     > '1 5   0

(1104) 9

(1105)  

(1106) 

(1107)   0

(1108)  

(1109)  6  

(1110) 0  

(1111) 3

(1112) 2!

(1113) H>!

(1114) /.  '1   /1 1  

(1115) /

(1116)

(1117) 1

(1118)  /

(1119)  .

(1120) H>D 8   % '>.!

(1121) 2

(1122) 

(1123) 6?

(1124)  > / !

(1125) 0 @

(1126) 6

(1127) 

(1128) (

(1129)   )

(1130) /% >.!

(1131) 

(1132) /H

(1133)  / > /

(1134)   )

(1135) "% . >

(1136) 1  (/!.

(1137) V '1  

(1138)

(1139) % 6.

(1140) ) $  >

(1141) 

(1142) 83 '1  2!

(1143) / /%  (.../.

(1144) 5

(1145) / 0

(1146) ' 

Références

Documents relatifs

governmental authorities like Estonia, relying on blockchain technology to increase the transparency and accountability of public administrations; the ​outsiders,​ like Peter

:لولأا بمطملا ةيمحملا ةيبعشلا سلاجملا يف ةيوضعمل ةيطارقميد ةيلآك

Political meetings, the riot police intervention, the street art commemoration project, the occupation of the premises, the political graffiti and posters which massively covered

The Fire Protection Research Foundation (FPRF) of the United States and the National Research Council (NRC) of Canada have joined in a two-year international research project to

This will be accomplished in the following steps: (1) obtain base building information, including drawings (.bmp, .dwg or .dxf), from the building owner to identify

Determinez la valeur de la position, et la valeur de chaque chiffre souligné.. Position et Valeur du Chiffre

Models for convective and radiative heat transfer were used as well as acoustic boundary conditions and combustion modelling. The simulations of a realistic gas turbine burner

TABLE I. Mean and rms differences between measured values and predictions based on ideal exponential decays. Bradley: Auditorium acoustics measures from pistol shots 2[.. Predicted