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APPENDIX
Table 1. Regions of interest used for the auditory component selection
x y z t
AUDITORY REGIONS (area)
R Transverse temporal gyrus (41) 41 -23 12 -3.45
R Transverse temporal gyrus (41) 48 -16 10 -3.52
R Transverse temporal gyrus (42) 55 -13 6 -3.52
R Superior temporal gyrus (22) 54 -26 11 -3.21
R Superior temporal gyrus (22) 55 -1 5 -2.84
R Superior temporal gyrus (22) 54 7 0 -3.24
R Insula 43 -6 1 -3.06
L Transverse temporal gyrus (41) -43 -23 12 -2.70 L Transverse temporal gyrus (41) -49 -17 9.8 -3.25
L Transverse temporal gyrus (42) -55 -13 6 -3.24
L Superior temporal gyrus (22) -55 -25 11 -3.14
L Superior temporal gyrus (22) -56 -2 4 -2.99
L Superior temporal gyrus (22) -55 7 0 -2.77
L Insula -43 -6 1 -2.74
ANTI-CORRELATED REGIONS (area)
R Precuneus (7) 20 -78 42 1.79
L Precuneus (7) -22 -80 42 1.52
R Prefrontal cortex (10) 18 45 26 0.94
L Prefrontal cortex (10) -18 44 26 0.71
R Superior frontal gyrus (6) 18 13 62 1.16
L Superior frontal gyrus (6) -19 13 62 1.25
144
Table 2. Tinnitus population
Patient Sex Age (years) Ear
Tinnitus duration (years)
Tinnitus frequency
(Hz)
THI TQ Score
Initial onset related to
Tinnitus loudness during
scan (0-10)
#1 F 44 Right 9 8000 58/35 Unknown 7
#2 M 47 Right 33 3000 38/22 Unknown 10
#3 M 36 Left 1.75 2500 84/58 Sudden
deafness 6.5
#4 M 66 Left 2 4000 80/56 Earwax
extraction 8
#5 M 67 Left 3.75 1500 30/26 Noise trauma 5
#6 M 57 Bilateral 2 8000 50/52 Unknown 6.5
#7 M 50 Right 10 6000 38/29 Stress 3
#8 F 60 Bilateral >20 4000 20/20 Fatigue 3
#9 F 42 Right 2.4 3000 40/34 Noise trauma 2.5
#10 M 33 Left 3.5 8000 32/22 Unknown 4
145
Patient
#11 F 60 Bilateral 5 3000 36/21 Unknown 4.5
Patient
#12 F 66 Left 2 6000 16/18 Hypoacousis 4
Patient
#13 F 52 Left 5 6000 44/22 Arnold’s
neuralgia 5
146
Table 3. Peak voxels and local maxima of the auditory resting state network identified in controls. Stereotaxic coordinates are in normalized Talairach space, p values are corrected for multiple comparisons at the whole brain level (FDR<0.05).
Brain region (area) x y z t p
R Superior & transverse temporal gyrus (41/42/22) Insula
Precentral gyrus (6) Inferior frontal gyrus (45)
49 46 58 40
-18 -12 -6 21
11 11 11 11
10.81 10.76 9.59 5.17
<0.0001
L Superior & transverse temporal gyrus (41/42/22) Transverse temporal gyrus (42)
Insula
Supramarginal gyrus (40) Precentral gyrus (6)
-44 -59 -41 -47 -53
-6 -21 -18 -15 -6
11 17 11 14 8
10.56 4.93 10.12
8.43 8.50
<0.0001
L Cuneus (18) -6 -88 37 7.35 <0.0001
R Precentral gyrus (4) 45 -13 58 6.11 <0.0001
R Anterior Cingulate Cortex (24) 6 -7 43 5.37 <0.0001
147
Table 4. Peak voxels and local maxima of the auditory resting state network identified in the tinnitus patients. Stereotaxic coordinates are in normalized Talairach space, p values are corrected for multiple comparisons at the whole brain level (FDR<0.05).
Brain region ( area) x y z t p
R Superior & transverse temporal gyrus (41/42/22) Middle Temporal Gyrus (37)
Insula
Precentral Gyrus (4) Inferior Frontal Gyrus (44)
62 64 40 55 49
-18 -48 -18 -9
9 23
5 11 26 23
13.97 6.26 7.16 10.48
6.98
<0.0001
L Superior & transverse temporal gyrus (41/42/22) Insula
Precentral Gyrus (4) Postcentral Gyrus (3,1,2) Inferior Frontal Gyrus (44) Basal ganglia/NAc
-50 -50 -56 -52 -50 -29
-15 -33 6 -9 0 -9
11 20 5 20 17 8
11.09 9.04 10.59
9.96 7.80 7.12
<0.0001
R Cuneus/Precuneus (19/31) 9 -64 25 5.88 <0.0001
L Cuneus/Precuneus (19/31) -15 -64 25 6.20 0.0002
L Middle occipital gyrus (19) -45 -52 7 6.13 <0.0001
L Precentral gyrus (4) -33 -19 46 5.27 <0.0001
R Superior frontal gyrus (6) 6 5 46 4.31 <0.0001
R Prefrontal cortex (10) 3 47 16 5.24 0.001
R Superior parietal cortex (7) 54 -22 52 5.61 0.0001
R Basal ganglia/ NAc 15 -1 -5 5.61 0.0001
L Isthmus of Cingulate Gyrus -9 -40 1 5.72 0.0003
R Thalamus 9 -13 10 5.11 <0.0001
L Thalamus -15 -19 -2 6.44 <0.0001
R Brainstem 6 -19 -23 7.77 <0.0001
148
Table 5. Peak voxels of areas showing increased and decreased
connectivity in tinnitus as compared to controls. Stereotaxic coordinates are in normalized Talairach space ( p values are cluster level corrected).
Brain region ( area) x y z t p
INCREASED CONNECTIVITY
L Parahippocampal gyrus -21 -28 -17 4.53 0.0001
R/L Brainstem/Cerebellum 2 -21 -19 4.09 0.0004
L Precentral gyrus (6) -42 2 25 4.58 <0.0001
L Superior temporal gyrus -30 -10 -8 4.51 0.0001
L Inferior frontal gyrus (47) -45 14 -5 3.74 0.0009
R Basal ganglia / Nucleus accumbens 9 -1 -5 4.37 0.0002
R Prefrontal cortex (10) 3 50 19 3.81 0.0007
L Postcentral gyrus (3,1,2) -33 -16 43 3.69 0.001
R Parahippocampal gyrus 27 -25 -14 3.47 0.002
R Orbitofrontal cortex (11) 30 20 -11 3.83 0.0007
R Inferior parietal lobe (39) 42 -52 40 3.29 0.003
DECREASED CONNECTIVITY
L Superior frontal gyrus (8) -21 38 46 -4.20 0.0003
L Fusiform gyrus -39 -31 -8 -4.67 <0.0001
R Superior temporal gyrus (41) 39 -28 10 -4.06 0.0004
R Occipital cortex (18) 21 -76 16 -4.74 <0.0001
L Occipital cortex (18) -12 -85 13 -3.57 0.001
L Prefrontal cortex (10) -15 53 4 -4.17 0.0003
149
Table 6. Regions of interest used for the connectivity graph analysis.
Common names (area) x y z p value
R Primary auditory cortex (41) 48 -25 13 <0.001
L Primary auditory cortex (41) -49 -26 12 0.003
R Superior temporal gyrus (42) 54 -10 9 0.002
L Superior temporal gyrus (42) -53 -11 9 0.004
R Middle frontal gyrus (9) 40 20 34 0.018
L Middle frontal gyrus ( 9) -39 20 34 <0.0001
R Inferior parietal lobe (19) 40 -67 32 0.002
L Inferior parietal lobe (19) -31 -68 32 0.0001
Mesiofrontal lobe (10) 0 57 16 0.002
Anterior cingulate cortex (24) -1 28 19 0.001
Thalamus -2 -5 5 0.007
R Parahippocampal gyrus 23 -21 -16 0.003
L Parahippocampal gyrus -24 -22 -19 0.005
R Amygdala 18 -7 -14 0.01
L Amygdala -17 -3 -20 0.223
L PCC/Precuneus (31) -5 -49 26 <0.001
R Superior occipital gyrus (18) 15 -75 25 0.002
L Superior occipital gyrus (18) -12 -76 25 <0.0001
R Insula 43 -7 6 0.002
L Insula -46 -7 10 0.008
R Basal ganglia/NAc 10 -1 -5 0.003
L Basal ganglia/NAc -8 -1 -6 0.023
Brainstem 0 28 20 0.002
