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Basic Geometry Vocabulary II

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Section Européenne DNL mathématiques

Basic Geometry Vocabulary II

2012-20132nde

There are special types of quadrilaterals :

These are pronunced...

Parallelogram /ˌpær əˈlɛl əˌgræm/

Rectangle /ˈrɛkˌtæŋ gəl/

Rhombus /ˈrɒm bəs/

Square /skwɛər/

Trapezium /trəˈpi zi əm/

Kite /kait/

 Exercise 1 . Definitions of some quadrilaterals

Fill in the blanks with one of the following words: rectangle – square – parallelogram – rhombus – kite – trapezium

1) A ………. is is a quadrilateral with 4 equal angles and 4 equal sides.

2) A……….. is a four-sided polygon in which every side has the same length.

3) A ……….. is a quadrilateral with two pairs of equal adjacent sides.

4) A ………..is defined as a quadrilateral where all four of its angles are right angles.

5) A ……….. is a quadrilateral, which is defined as a shape with four sides, which has one set of parallel sides.

6) A ……….. is a quadrilateral with two sets of parallel sides.

Exercise 2 . Characteristic properties of a ………

A quadrilateral is a ……… if and only if one of the following properties is true:

(1) its diagonals bisect each other (meet at their midpoints) (2) its opposite sides are equal in length.

(3) two opposite sides are parallel and equal in length.

 Exercise 3 . Links between some quadrilaterals A square is a special case of a rectangle.

What other links between quadrilaterals exist?

 Exercise 4 . [AB] is a diameter of a circle with centre O. C is a point on the circumference. D is a point on (AC) such that (OD) bisects the angle AOC.

Prove that (OD) is parallel to (BC).

 Exercise 5 . A circle with centre O circumscribes an equilateral triangle ABC. The radius drawn through O and the midpoint of [AB] meets the circumference at D. Prove that ADO is equilateral.

 Exercise 6 . The median m divides the ABC triangle in 2 triangles, ABM and ACM. What is the ratio between the areas of the 2 triangles, AreaABM/AreaACM ?

Useful words / Pronunciation corner

● quadrilaterals /ˌkwɒd rəˈlæt ər əl/

● characteristic  /ˌkær ɪk təˈrɪs tɪk/

● diagonal /daɪˈæg ə nl/

● to bisect /baɪˈsɛkt / = to divide into two equal parts.

● Angle bisector /baɪˈsɛk tər/ = bissectrice

● Perpendicular bisector of a line segment = médiatrice

● median /ˈmi di ən/ = a straight line from a vertex of a triangle to the midpoint of the opposite side.

The three medians always intersect at a single point.

This point is called the centroid or the center of gravity of the triangle.

● equilateral /ˌi kwəˈlæt ər əl /

● isoceles /aɪˈsɒs əˌliz/ : An isoceles triangle has (at least) two equal sides.

● circumbscribe /ˈsɜr kəmˌskraɪb / :to encircle

● area /ˈɛər i ə/

Sources: a document by Christelle Arbel, http://euromath.free.fr/IMG/pdf/Geometry.pdf, http://dictionary.reference.com, and http://www.mathsisfun.com/quadrilaterals.html

Laure Helme-Guizon, http://mathematoques.weebly.com 1

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■ Classification of quadrilaterals:

■ Why I decided not to talk a lot about those:

A trapezium (UK: trapezoid) is a quadrilateral with NO parallel sides:

Trapezoid Trapezium

US: a pair of parallel sides NO parallel sides UK: NO parallel sides a pair of parallel sides

Laure Helme-Guizon, http://mathematoques.weebly.com 2

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