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Perrier, Badoit, Dionysos et Apollon : les esthétiques dionysiaques et apolliniennes au service des marques leader-challenger en publicité

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(1)Perrier, Badoit, Dionysos et Apollon : les esthétiques dionysiaques et apolliniennes au service des marques leader-challenger en publicité Lauren Henras. To cite this version: Lauren Henras. Perrier, Badoit, Dionysos et Apollon : les esthétiques dionysiaques et apolliniennes au service des marques leader-challenger en publicité. Sciences de l’information et de la communication. 2016. �dumas-01663735�. HAL Id: dumas-01663735 https://dumas.ccsd.cnrs.fr/dumas-01663735 Submitted on 14 Dec 2017. HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Copyright.

(2) Master professionnel Mention : Information et communication Spécialité : Communication Marque Option : Marque, innovation et création. Perrier, Badoit, Dionysos et Apollon Les esthétiques dionysiaques et apolliniennes au service des marques leader-challenger en publicité. Responsable de la mention information et communication Professeure Karine Berthelot-Guiet Tuteur universitaire : Hécate Vergopoulos. Nom, prénom : HENRAS, Lauren Promotion : 2015-2016 Soutenu le : 27/09/2016 Mention du mémoire : Très bien. École des hautes études en sciences de l'information et de la communication - Université Paris-Sorbonne 77, rue de Villiers 92200 Neuilly tél. : +33 (0)1 46 43 76 76 fax : +33 (0)1 47 45 66 04 www.celsa.fr.

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