Effets anthropiques sur les écosystèmes marins

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Effets anthropiques sur les

écosystèmes marins

Sixième journée thématique :

Modélisation – Simulation

28/01/2016

Jonathan Richir Philippe Grosjean

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Ecophysiologie marine

Etude en récifs coralliens artificiels et en

chemostats

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Système original et breveté

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Effet de l'acidification des océans

sur les interactions dans l'écosystème

Effet of acidification

négative positive

Modélisation : interactions

corail-oursin sur le récif

macro algae substrate corals Zooxan-thellae symbiosis photosynthesis photosynthesis death bioerosion bioerosion grazing sea urchins

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Effets anthropiques sur les

écosystèmes marins

Photosynthèse

:

indicateur précoce

J. Richir and Ph. Grosjean 28-01-2016, Mons

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Fluorescence emission

Fluorescence emission is complementary to the alternative pathways of de-excitation, which are photochemistry and heat dissipation.

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Imaging-PAM - high-resolution imaging fluorometer

Ralph et al. (2005) Journal of Phycology

To map the spatial heterogeneity of photosynthesis;

Optimized to determine of the effective quantum yield of

photosynthetic energy conversion, ΔF/Fm’.

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Imaging-PAM

http://coral.aims.gov.au/ Acropora nobilis Chl a fluorescence images of Acropora nobilis (sun-adapted) collected during a RLC with 10-s illumination steps. Φ_PSII : effective quantum yield, PS : relative photosynthesis rate, NPQ: non-photochemical quenching coefficient. Ralph et al. (2005) Journal of Phycology

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Effets anthropiques sur les

écosystèmes marins

Eléments traces

:

Écologie et cinétique

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P. oceanica leaves roots rhizomes water epiphytes sediment algae detritus animals TF1 TF2

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Flows : uptake and translocation processes

water and leaves

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Effets anthropiques sur les

écosystèmes marins

Elément traces

:

monitoring

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Solent :

case study

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Arnaud Abadie

Effets anthropiques sur les

écosystèmes marins

Baie de Calvi

:

Site Atelier

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STAtion of Reference - The bay of Calvi

The bay of Calvi includes

all the characteristic

ecosystems of the

Mediterranean littoral.

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Water temperature in STARESO (°C) from October 1981 to March 2014

► The Station STARESO is a unique tool in a preserved natural site.

► The Station has archived environmental data for decades.

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Hard substrates O P E N S E A W A T E R S Soft bottom P. oceanica meadows Zooplancton Phytoplancton CO2 Meteorological forcings Hydrological forcings NO3- NO2 -PO43- SiO4 4-Nutrients NH4+ Ichthyofauna Sewage outfalls Rivers Aquaculture Pleasance Scuba diving Caulerpa racemosa Population CO2

- To study the fundamental processes operating in bay of Calvi.

- To understand the influence of anthropogenic factors on these processes.

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