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-1433
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2011
-2012
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ﺔﻤﺩﻘﻤ
أ ﻴ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻨﻘﺘ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻴﻨﻘﺘﻭ، ﺔﻴﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺹﻭﺼﻨﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺙﺩﺤﺘ ﺔﻤﻴﺩﻗ ﺓﺭﻫﺎﻅ ﺹﺎﻨﺘﻝﺍ ﺩﻌ ﻋ ﺊﻜﺘﻴ ،ﺭﺼﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺙﻴﺩﺤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻋﺍﺩﺒﻹﺍ ﺹﻭﺼﻨﻝﺍ ﺔﺒﺭﺎﻘﻤ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻬﻴﻠ _ ﺎﻬﺴﺎﻨﺠﺃ ﻑﻼﺘﺨﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻴﺒﺩﻷﺍ _ ﺔﻘﻴﻤﻌﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺤﻁﺴﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺘﻴﻨﺒ لﻜﺸﺘ ﺔﻴﻔﻴﻜ ﻥﻋ ﻑﺸﻜﻴ ﺎﻬﻝﻼﺨ ﻥﻤﻭ . ﻭ ﻥﻤ لﻌﻝ ﻡﻫﺃ ﻴﻨﻘﺘﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺎﻬﻴﻠﻋ ﻡﻭﻘﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺉﺩﺎﺒﻤﻝﺍ ،ﺎﻬﺒ ﻥﻤﺅﺘﻭ ﺔ ﻡﺩﻋ ﻥﻤ ﺄﺸﻨﻴ ﻻ ﻲﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﺒﺘﻋﺍ ﻭﻫ ﺎﻤ ﺭﺩﻘﺒ ﻡﺩﻋ ﻭﺃ ﻍﺍﺭﻓ ﺓﺩﺩﻌﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻉﺩﺒﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺀﺍﺭﻘﻝ ﺔﻠﻴﺼﺤ لﻜ ﻥﻤ ﻪﻴﻝﺇ ﺩﻔﺘ ﺹﻭﺼﻨﻝ ﻥﺎﻜﻤﻭ ﻥﺎﻤﺯ ، ﺃ ﺔﻴﻋﺍﻭ ﺔﻘﻴﺭﻁﺒ لﻤﻌﻴﻓ ﺔﻴﺩﺼﻗ ﺭﻴﻏ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻴﺩﺼﻗ ، ﺔﻴﻋﺍﻭ ﻻﻭ ﺎﻬﻠﻴﻭﺤﺘ ﻰﻠﻋ ، ﻪﻋﺍﺩﺒﺈﺒ ﻲﺸﺘ ﺓﺩﻴﺩﺠ ﺎﺼﻭﺼﻨ ﺎﻬﻤﻴﺩﺃ ﻥﻤ لﻜﺸﻴﻝ ،ﺔﻔﻠﺘﺨﻤ ﺕﺎﻴﻝﺁ ﻕﻓﻭ ﻪﻤﻭﻤﻫ لﻤﺤﺘﻭ ﻪﻠﻴﺼﺎﻔﺘ ﺭﺒﻋ ﻪﻘﻴﻠﺤﺘﻭ ، ﻩﺩﺎﻌﺒﺃ ﻲﻓ ﻪﻠﻐﻠﻐﺘﻭ ﻲﻨﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﻊﻗﺍﻭﻝﺎﺒ ﻪﻤﺎﻤﺘﻫﺍﻭ، ﻪﺘﺎﻌﻠﻁﺘﻭ . ﻻﻭ ﻥﻭﻜﻴ ﻴﻭﺤﺘﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻉﺍﺩﺒﺇ ﻯﻭﺘﺴﻤ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻘﺒﺎﺴﻝﺍ ﺹﻭﺼﻨﻠﻝ ل ﺏﻴﺩﻷﺍ لﻌﺠ ﺍﺫﺇ ﻻﺇ ﻕﺍﺭ ﺘ ﺓﺩﻴﺩﺠﻝﺍ ﻪﺼﻭﺼﻨ ﺭﻤﻀﻤ ﺀﺎﻤﻴﺇﻭ، ﻑﻁﺎﺨ ﻉﺎﻤﻝﺇ ﻲﻓ لﻴﺤ ﻋ ﻰﺘﺤ ،ﺔﺒﺌﺎﻐﻝﺍ ﺹﻭﺼﻨﻝﺍ ﻰﻠ ﺘﻭ ، ﻲﻘﻠﺘﻤﻝﺍ لﻭﻀﻓ ﺯﺨﻭﺘ ﺎﻫﺩﺼﺭﻭ ﺎﻬﻨﻋ ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﻤﺎﻐﻤ ﺽﻭﺨﻝ ﻩﺯﻔﺤ . ﺫﻫ ﺹﺎﻨﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﻘﺘ ﻥﺇ ﻝﺍ لﻜﺸﺘ ﻥﻋ ﻑﺸﻜﺘ ﻥﺃ ﺕﻋﺎﻁﺘﺴﺍ ﻩ ﻥﻭﺘﻤ ﺔﻴﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﺭﺼﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺓ ﺡﻭﺒﺘ ﺔﻔﻠﺘﺨﻤﻭ ، ﺓﺩﺩﻌﺘﻤ ﺕﻻﺎﺠﻤﻝ ﻲﻤﺘﻨﺘ ، ﻯﺭﺨﺃ ﺹﻭﺼﻨ ﺕﺎﻴﻨﺒ ﻥﻤ ،ﻡﻬﻨﻴﻭﻜﺘ ﺭﺩﺎﺼﻤﻭ ﻥﻴﻴﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﺀﺍﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺕﻻﻭﻴﻤﺒ ﻴﻹﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻓﺎﻘﺜﻝﺍ ﻡﻬﺘﺎﻬﺠﻭﺘﻭ ﺔﻴﺠﻭﻝﻭﻴﺩ . ﻥﻤ ﻱﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺹﺨﻷﺎﺒﻭ، ﻲﻓﻭﺼﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻏﻭ ﻲﻓﻭﺼﻝﺍ ﻪﻴﻘﺸﺒ ﻲﻤﻼﺴﻹﺍ ﺏﺎﻁﺨﻝﺍ ﺹﻭﺼﻨ ﻙﻝﺫ ،ﻪﻨﻤ ﻡﻴﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ ﺔﺤﻓﺎﻨﻤﻝﺍ، ﺔﻴﻤﻼﺴﻹﺍ ﺓﺩﻴﺼﻘﻝﺍ ﺕﻭﻬﺘﺴﺍ ﺙﻴﺤ ﺉﺩﺎﺒﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺭﻋﺎﺸﻝﺍ، ﺔﻴﻤﻼﺴﻹﺍ ﻑﻴﺜﻜﺘ ﻥﻤ ﻪﺒ ﺯﻴﻤﺘﺘ ﺎﻤﻝ، ﺔﻴﺜﺍﺭﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻓﻭﺼﻝﺍ ﺓﺩﻴﺼﻘﻝﺍ ﻙﻝﺫﻜ ﻪﺘﻭﻬﺘﺴﺍ ﺎﻤﻜ، ﻱﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ،ﺯﺎﺠﻤﻠﻝ ﺤﻠﻁﺼﻤﻝ ﻑﻴﻅﻭﺘﻭ ﺕﺎ ﻝﺍ لﻫﺄﺒ ﺔﺼﺎﺨ ﻑﻭﺼﺘ ﻥﻤ ﺝﺭﺨﺘ ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺍ لﻌﺠ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺭﻤﻷﺍ ، ﹶﻝ ،ﺔﻴﻨﺎﺤﻭﺭﻝﺎﺒ ﻕﺒﻌﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻱﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﺒﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻱﺩﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺴﻭﺒ ﺔﻀﻤﺎﻏ ﻕﺎﻓﺁ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺩﻭﻘﻴﻭ ﻲﻝﻻﺩﻝﺍ ﺩﺩﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﻜﻓ ﺡﺭﻁﺘﻭ لﻴﻭﺄﺘﻝﺍ لﺨﺩﺘ ﺽﺭﻔﺘ . ﺭﻋﺎﺸﻝﺍ ﺏﺎﻁﺨﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻉﻭﻨﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻡﻬﺒﺫﺠ ﻥﻴﺫﻝﺍ ﺀﻻﺅﻫ ﻥﻤﻭ " ﻰﻔﻁﺼﻤ ﻱﺭﺎﻤﻐﻝﺍ " ﺴﻴ ﺎﻤ ﺍﺫﻫﻭ ﺘ ﻥﻤ ﻑﺸ ﻪﻨﺍﻭﻴﺩ " ﺔﺒﺭﻐﻝﺍ ﺭﺍﺭﺴﺃ "، ﺕﺤﺭﻁ ﺫﺇ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﺸﻹﺍ ﺽﻌﺒ ﻪﺼﻭﺼﻨ ﺕﺎﺤﻴﻤﻠﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺎﻁﺨﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ لﻜﺸ ﺩﻗﻭ ، ﻙﻝﺫ ﻥﻋ ﻡﻨﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺄﺠﻠﻤ ﻪﻴﻝﺇ ﺔﺒﺴﻨﻝﺎﺒ ﺏ ﻪﻴﻝﺇ ﻱﻭﺄﻴ ﺘﺴﻴ ﻀﺎﻤ ﻪﻴﻓ ﻲﻋﺩ ﺎﻴ ﻼﻴﻤﺠ ﺭﺌﺎﻏ ﺍ ﻪﺘﺭﻜﺍﺫ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﺎﻀﺤﻝﺍ ﻲﻀﺎﻤ ﻭﻫ،
ب ،ﺔﻴﻤﻼﺴﻹﺍ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺭﻤﻷﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﺍﺩﺼﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻬﺠﺍﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺓﺩﻋﻭ ﺓﺭﺩﻗ ﻪﺒﺴﻜﺃ ﻊﻗﺍﻭﻝﺍ ﻊﻤ ﺎﻬﻴﻘﻝ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺩﻗ ﻥﺍﻭﻴﺩﻝﺍ ﺹﻭﺼﻨ ﻥﺃﻭ ﺔﺼﺎﺨ ﺎﻬﻋﺩﺒﺃ ﺎﻬﺘﻴﺼﻭﺼﺨ ﺎﻬﻝ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﺘﻔﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ، ﺕﺎﻴﻨﻴﻌﺒﺴﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﻓﺎﻘﺜﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺭﻜﻔﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺘﺎﻫﺎﺠﺘﺍﻭ . ، ﻑﻠﺴ ﺎﻤﻤ ﺎﻗﻼﻁﻨﺍﻭ ﻥﻤ ﻥﺈﻓ ﺽﻭﻬﻨﻠﻝ ﻲﺴﻔﻨ ﻲﻓ ﺕﻌﻓﺍﺩﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺘﺍﺫﻝﺍ ﺏﺎﺒﺴﻷﺍ ﻲﺒﺎﺠﻋﺇ، ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻬﺒ ﻴﻜﺸﺘ ﻲﻓ ﺢﻨﺠ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺭﻋﺎﺸﻝﺍ ﺹﻭﺼﻨﺒ ﺎﻬﻠ ﻥﻤ ﻉﻭﻨﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻭﺤﻨ ،ﻲﻓﻭﺼﻝﺍ ﺔﺼﺎﺨ ﺏﺎﻁﺨﻝﺍ ﻡﻝﺎﻋ ﻥﻋ ﺎﻨﻭﻜﺭﻤ لﺍﺯﻴ ﺎﻤ ﻑﻭﺼﺘﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﻥﺎﻜ ﺓﺭﺘﻓ ﻲﻓ ﺏﺩﻷﺍ ﻭ ﺔﻴﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺕﺎﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻤﻝ ﺍﺭﻅﻨ، ﺭﻭﻬﻅﻝﺍ ﻭﺤﻨ ﻪﻘﻴﺭﻁ ﻕﺸﻴ ﻥﺃ لﻭﺎﺤﻴ ﻭﺃ، ﻱﺭﺎﻤﻐﻝﺍ ﺭﻋﺎﺸﻝﺍ ﻪﻠﻐﺘﺴﺎﻓ ،ﺔﻴﻝﻭﻘﻌﻤ ﻻﻭ ﺔﻴﺒﻠﺴ ﻥﻤ ﺀﺎﺒﺩﻷﺍﻭ ﺩﺎﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺽﻌﺒ ﻥﺎﻫﺫﺃ ﻲﻓ ﻪﻠﻤﺤﻴ ﻗ ﺀﺎﻨﺒ ﻲﻓ ﻩﺩﺌﺎﺼ . ﺔﻴﻋﻭﻀﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﺏﺎﺒﺴﻷﺍ ﻥﻤﻭ ﻥﺎﻨﺜﺍ : ،ﺎﻤﻬﻝﻭﺃ ﺓﺭﺎﺘ ﺔﺤﻀﺍﻭﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺀﺎﻀﻹﺍ ﻡﻜﻠﺘ ﻥﺍﻭﻴﺩﻝﺍ ﺹﻭﺼﻨﻝ ﻯﺭﺨﺃ ﺓﺭﺎﺘ ﺔﺌﺠﺎﻔﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﺘﻏﺎﺒﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﺒﺌﺎﻐﻝﺍ ﺹﻭﺼﻨﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺎﻨﻠﻴﺤﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﻲﺘﻝﺍﻭ ،ﺎﻬﺌﻼﺠﺘﺴﺍﻭ ﺎﻬﻨﻋ ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻊﻓﺩﺘ ﻴﺒﺘﻭ ﺎﻬﻌﻤ ﺭﻋﺎﺸﻝﺍ لﻤﺎﻌﺘ ﺔﻴﻔﻴﻜ ﻥﺎ . ﻭ ﻴﻨﺎﺜ ﺎﻤﻬ : ﺽﻌﺒ ﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﻯﺅﺭﻝﺍ ﺎﺒﺎﻁﺨ ﻩﺭﺒﺘﻌﻴ ﻥﻤ ﻙﺎﻨﻬﻓ، ﻥﺍﻭﻴﺩﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺏﺎﻁﺨﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻬﺠﻭﺘ لﻭﺤ ﺔﻔﻠﺘﺨﻤ ،ﺍﺭﺼﺎﻌﻤ ﺎﻴﻓﻭﺼ ﺎﻴﻤﻼﺴﺇ ﺏﺴﺤﻭ ﺎﻴﻤﻼﺴﺇ ﺎﺒﺎﻁﺨ ﺭﺨﻵﺍ ﺽﻌﺒﻝﺍ ﻩﺭﺒﺘﻌﻴ ﺎﻤﻨﻴﺒ . ﺩﻗﻭ ﺤ ﺕﺩ ﺇ ﺏﺎﺒﺴﻷﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻲﺒ ﻡﺴﻭ ﻰﻝ ـﺒ ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ " ﻥﺍﻭﻴﺩ ﻲﻓ ﻲﻤﻼﺴﻹﺍﻭ ﻲﻓﻭﺼﻝﺍ ﺏﺎﻁﺨﻝﺍ ﺹﺎﻨﺘ " ﺔﺒﺭﻐﻝﺍ ﺭﺍﺭﺴﺃ " ﻱﺭﺎﻤﻐﻝﺍ ﻰﻔﻁﺼﻤﻝ . ﻭﻀﻭﻤ ﻥﺇ ﺎﻫﺩﺎﻔﻤ ﺕﻻﺅﺎﺴﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻠﻤﺠ ﺡﺭﻁﻴ ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻉ : ﻯﻭﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻰﻠﺠﺘ لﻫ؟ ﻥﺍﻭﻴﺩﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻲﻤﻼﺴﻹﺍﻭ ﻲﻓﻭﺼﻝﺍ ﺏﺎﻁﺨﻝﺍ ﺹﺎﻨﺘ ﻰﻠﺠﺘ ﻡﻴﻓ ﻭﻫ ﺎﻤ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻩﺍﺩﻌﺘ ﻡﺃ ﺏﺴﺤﻭ ﻱﻭﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﺭﻋﺎﺸﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺒ لﻤﺎﻌﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻝﻵﺍ ﻲﻫ ﺎﻤﻭ؟ ﻱﻭﻐﻝ ﺭﻴﻏ ؟ﺩﺩﻌﺘ ﻡﺃ ﺍﺩﺤﺍﻭ ﻯﻭﺘﺴﻤ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻪﻠﻤﺎﻌﺘ ﺫﺨﺘﺍ لﻫﻭ؟ ﺏﺎﻁﺨﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺹﻭﺼﻨ ﻊﻤ ﻫﻭ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻯﺩﺃ ل ﹶﺘ ﺩﺭﺠﻤ ﻪﻨﺃ ﻡﺃ ﺔﻴﺠﺎﺘﻨﻹﺎﺒ ﻰﻤﺴﻴ ﺎﻤ ﻕﻴﻘﺤﺘ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺹﺎﻨﺘﻝﺍ ﹾﻜ ﺭ ﹴﺭﺍ ؟ﻕﺒﺴ ﺎﻤﻝ ﺹﻭﺼﻨ لﻫﻭ ؟ﺏﺴﺤﻭ ﺔﻴﻤﻼﺴﺇ ﺎﻬﻨﺃ ﻡﺃ ﺔﻴﻓﻭﺼ ﺔﻴﻤﻼﺴﺇ ﺹﻭﺼﻨ ﻲﻫ ﻥﺍﻭﻴﺩﻝﺍ ﺩﻗﻭ ﺕﺩﺃ ﺕﻻﺅﺎﺴﺘﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻲﺒ -ﺎﻬﻨﻋ ﺔﺒﺎﺠﻹﺍ ﺔﻴﻐﺒ ﻲﻓ ﺕﻠﺜﻤﺘ ﺔﻁﺨ ﻊﻀﻭ ﻰﻝﺇ لﻭﺼﻓ ﺔﺜﻼﺜﻭ لﺨﺩﻤ . ـﺒ لﺨﺩﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﻨﻭﻨﻋ ﺙﻴﺤ " ﺏﺎﺤﺭ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺔﺒﺭﺠﺘﻝﺍ
ج ﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﺼ ." ﹸﺙﻴﺩﺤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤﻀﺘ ﺩﻗﻭ ﺏﺎﻀﺘﻗﺎﺒ ﺭﻭﻁﺘ ﺓﺭﺘﻓ لﻼﺨ ﺔﻴﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺔﺒﺭﺠﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﻤﻀ ﻪﻨﻴﻫﺭﺘﻭ، ﺙﺍﺭﺘﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻤﺜﺘﺴﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺎﻬﻝﻼﺨ ﺀﺍﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﻲﻌﺴﻭ، ﺕﺎﻴﻨﻴﻨﺎﻤﺜﻝﺍﻭ ﺕﺎﻴﻨﻴﻌﺒﺴﻝﺍ ﻰﻔﻁﺼﻤ ﺭﻋﺎﺸﻝﺍ ﺙﺍﺭﺘﻝﺍ ﺍﻭﺭﻤﺜﺘﺴﺍ ﻥﻴﺫﻝﺍ ﺀﻻﺅﻫ ﻥﻤﻭ، ﻡﻬﺒﺭﺎﺠﺘ ﻡﺩﺨﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻰﺤﻨﻤﻝﺍ ،ﻱﺭﺎﻤﻐﻝﺍ ﺹﻭﺼﻨ ﺞﻴﺴﻨ لﻌﺠ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺭﻤﻷﺍ " ﺭﺍﺭﺴﺃ ﺔﺒﺭﻐﻝﺍ " ﻨﻭﻜﻤ ﺎ ﺹﻭﺼﻨ ﺞﻴﺴﻨ ﻥﻤ ﺭﺨﺃ ﻯ . ﻥﻤ ﹸﺕﺫﺨﺘﺍ ﺩﻗﻭ " ﺔﻴﺭﻅﻨ ﺕﺎﺒﺭﺎﻘﻤ ﻲﻓ ﺹﺎﻨﺘﻝﺍ " ﻪﻴﻓ ﺕﺩﺭﻓﺄﻓ ، لﻭﻷﺍ لﺼﻔﻠﻝ ﺎﻨﺍﻭﻨﻋ ،ﺹﺎﻨﺘﻝﺍ ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤ ﻥﻋ ﺙﻴﺩﺤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺒﺭﻐﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ،ﺔﻴﺒﺩﻷﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻭﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﻡﺠﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻙﻝﺫ ﺀﺎﻘﺘﺴﺎﺒ ﻩﺭﻭﻬﻅ ﺦﻴﺭﺎﺘ ﻊﺒﺘﺘﺒ ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤﻝﺍ ﻁﺒﻀ ﺕﻌﺒﺘﺃ ﻡﺜ، , ﺍ ﻭﺤﻨ ﺎﻫﺯﺎﺘﺠﺍ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ لﺤﺍﺭﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﻫﺃﻭ ﺭﻴﻅﻨﺘﻝ ﻴﻨﻘﺘ ﺢﺒﺼﻴ ﻰﺘﺤ ﺎﻬﻝ ﺔ ﺎﻬﺌﺩﺎﺒﻤ ﺩﻗ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﻻﺎﺠﻤﻝﺎﻓ، ﻪﻔﺌﺎﻅﻭ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺕﻀﺭﻋ ﻡﺜ، ﺎﻬﺘﺎﻴﻝﺁﻭ ﺽﻌﺒ ﺭﻋﺎﺸﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻨﻤ ﻲﻘﺘﺴﻴ ﺔﻴﻭﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻴﻝﻻﺩﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻔﻁﺘﻘﻤﻝﺍ ﻪﺼﻨ ﺀﺎﻨﺒﻝ ، ﻕﻓﺍﻭﻴ ﺎﻤﺒ ﻙﻝﺫﻭ ﺔﻴﻝﺎﻤﺠﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺭﻜﻔﻝﺍ ﻪﺘﺎﻬﺠﻭﺘﻭ ﻪﺘ ﻻﻭﻴﻤ . ﺼﻔﻝﺍ لﻤﺤﻴﻝ ﻥﺍﻭﻨﻋ ﻲﻨﺎﺜﻝﺍ ل " ﻲﻓ ﺼﻝﺍ ﺏﺎﻁﺨﻝﺍ ﻭ ﻲﻤﻼﺴﻹﺍﻭ ﻲﻓﻭ ﺕﺍﺭﻬﻅﻤﺘﻭ ﺹﺎﻨﺘﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺕﺎﺒﺘﻋ ﻥﺍﻭﻴﺩﻝﺍ " ﻨﻤ لﻭﻷﺍ ﻕﺸﻝﺍ ﺕﺼﺼﺨ ، ﻲﻤﻼﺴﻹﺍ ﺏﺎﻁﺨﻝﺍ ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤﻝ ﻪ ﻲﻓﻭﺼﻝﺍ ،ﻱﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺏﺎﻁﺨﻝﺎﺒ ﻪﺘﻗﻼﻋﻭ ﺭﻤﻷﺍ ﻑﻭﺼﺘﻝﺍ ﻭﺤﻨ ﺔﻴﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﻯﺅﺭﻝﺍ ﺽﻌﺒ ﺔﻴﺒﻠﺴﻭ ﱠﺜﺃ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺭ ،ﺩﺎﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺀﻻﺅﻫ ﻑﺭﻁ ﻥﻤ ﻥﺍﻭﻴﺩﻝﺍ ﺔﺒﺭﺎﻘﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺭﻋ ﺎﻤﻜ ﻲﻤﻼﺴﻹﺍ ﺏﺎﻁﺨﻝﺍ ﺕﻓ ﻲﻓﻭﺼﻝﺍ ﺏﺎﻁﺨﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺔﻗﻼﻌﻝﺍ ﺕﻨﻴﺒﻭ ﻲﻓﻭﺼﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻏ ﻲﻤﻼﺴﻹﺍﻭ . ﻲﻨﺎﺜﻝﺍ ﻕﺸﻝﺍ ﻲﻓﻭ ،ﺩﺌﺎﺼﻘﻝﺍ ﺕﻻﻻﺩﺒ ﺎﻨﻝ ﺡﻭﺒﺘ ﺎﻬﻠﻌﻝ ﺓﺭﻀﺎﺤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺼﻨﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺒﺘﻌﻝﺍ ﻕﺎﻁﻨﺘﺴﺍ ﺕﻝﻭﺎﺤ ﺎﻨﻝ ﻑﺸﻜﺘﻭ ﺎﻬﻌﻤ ﺹﺎﻨﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺹﻭﺼﻨﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ . ﺙﻝﺎﺜﻝﺍ لﺼﻔﻝﺍ ﺎﻤﺃ ﺒ ﻪﺘﻤﺴﻭ ﺩﻘﻓ ﺭﻴﺨﻷﺍﻭ ـ " ﻝﺍ ﺘ ﺍﺭﻬﻅﻤ ﺕ ﻝﺍ ﺼﺎﻨﺘ ﺔﻴ ﻝ ﺒﺎﻁﺨﻠ ﻲﻓ ﻥﻴ ﻥﺍﻭﻴﺩﻝﺍ ﺹﻭﺼﻨ ﻲﺠﺭﺎﺨﻝﺍﻭ ﻲﻠﺨﺍﺩﻝﺍ ﺹﺎﻨﺘﻝﺍ ﺭﺒﻋ " ﺘﻤﺴﻗ ﺩﻗﻭ ﻪ ﻡﺴﻘﻝﺍ لﻭﺎﻨﺘ ﺙﻴﺤ؛ ﻥﻴﻤﺴﻗ ﻥﻤ ﻲﻠﺨﺍﺩﻝﺍ ﺹﺎﻨﺘﻝﺍ ﺭﺒﻋ ﺔﻝﻻﺩﻭ ﺔﻴﻨﺒ ﻲﻤﻼﺴﻹﺍﻭ ﻲﻓﻭﺼﻝﺍ ﺏﺎﻁﺨﻝﺍ ﺹﺎﻨﺘ ﺕﺎﻴﻠﺠﺘ لﻭﻷﺍ ﺎﻤﻫﻭ ﻥﺍﻭﻴﺩﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻥﻴﺘﺒﻝﺎﻏ ﻥﻴﺘﻤﻴﺜ لﻼﺨ : ﻻﺍﻭ، ﺔﻴﻤﻼﺴﻹﺍ ﺓﺩﻴﻘﻌﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻙﻝﺫﻜﻭ ﺏﺍﺭﺘﻏ ﻑﻴﺭﺸﻝﺍ ﻱﻭﺒﻨﻝﺍ ﺙﻴﺩﺤﻝﺍﻭ ﻡﻴﺭﻜﻝﺍ ﻥﺁﺭﻘﻝﺍ لﻼﺨ . ﺩﻘﻓ ﻲﻨﺎﺜﻝﺍ ﻡﺴﻘﻝﺍ ﺎﻤﺃ ﻝﻭﺎﻨﺘ ﻪﻴﻓ ﺕ ﻴﻠﺠﺘ ﺕﺎ ﺕﺎﻤﻴﺜ ﺽﻌﺒ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻥﺍﻭﻴﺩﻝﺍ ﺹﻭﺼﻨ ﺕﻠﻐﺘﺸﺍ ﺫﺇ ﻲﺠﺭﺎﺨﻝﺍ ﺹﺎﻨﺘﻝﺍ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﺹﺎﻨﺘﻝﺍ
د ،ﻲﻓﻭﺼﻝﺍ ﺏﺤﻝﺎﻜ ﻲﻓﻭﺼﻝﺍ ﺏﺎﻁﺨﻝﺍ ،ﺓﺃﺭﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺓﺭﻤﺨﻝﺎﻜ ﻩﺯﻭﻤﺭ ﺍﺫﻜﻭ ﺀﺎﻨﻔﻝﺍﻭ ﺕﺠﺭﻋ ﻡﺜ ﻅﻤﺘ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻲﻤﻼﺴﻹﺍ ﺏﺎﻁﺨﻝﺍ ﺹﻭﺼﻨ ﺕﺍﺭﻬ ﻲﻓﻭﺼﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻏ ﻲﻓ " ﺔﺒﺭﻐﻝﺍ ﺭﺍﺭﺴﺃ " ﻥﻤ ، ﺎﻬﻌﻤ ﺹﺎﻨﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻼﺴﻹﺍ ﺩﺌﺎﺼﻘﻝﺍ ﺽﻌﺒ ﺩﺍﺭﻴﺇ لﻼﺨ ﺍﺫﻜﻭ ﺎﺸﻝﺍ ﺀﺎﻋﺩﺘﺴﺍ ﺽﻌﺒﻝ ﺭﻋ ﻡﻼﻋﻷﺍ ﺀﺎﻤﺴﺃ ﺏﺎﻁﺨﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺎﻨﻠﻴﺤﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ . ﻷ ﺎﻬﺘﻨﻤﻀ ﺔﻤﺘﺎﺨﺒ ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ ﻲﻬﻨ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺞﺌﺎﺘﻨﻝﺍ ﻭﺘ ﺎﻬﻴﻝﺇ ﺕﻠﺼ . ﺭﻴﻏ، ﻲﺌﺎﻴﻤﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﺞﻬﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﻉﺎﺒﺘﺇ ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ ﻉﻭﻀﻭﻤ ﺽﺭﻓ ﺩﻗﻭ ﻲﻨﺃ ﻲﻨﻌﻴ ﻻ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻥﺃ ﻪﺘﻌﺒﺘﺍ ﻩﺭﻴﻓﺍﺫﺤﺒ ﺤ ﺩﻘﻓ ﻝﺇ ﺄﺠﻝﺃ ﻲﺴﻔﻨ ﺕﺩﺠﻭﻭ ،ﻥﺎﻴﺤﻷﺍ ﺽﻌﺒ ﻲﻓ ﻪﻨﻋ ﺕﺩ ﺞﻬﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﻰ ﺽﻌﺒ لﺨﺩﺘ ﻲﻀﺘﻘﺘ ﺔﻴﺼﺎﻨﺘ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩ ﺹﻭﺼﻨﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩ ﻥﻷ ،ﻲﻠﻴﻠﺤﺘﻝﺍ ﻲﻔﺼﻭﻝﺍﻭ ﻲﺨﻴﺭﺎﺘﻝﺍ ﻤﺠﻴ ﺹﺎﻨﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺩﺎﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﻊﻤﺠﻴ ﺩﺎﻜﻴ ﺍﺫﻬﻝﻭ، ﺔﻴﻗﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﺞﻫﺎﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻗﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﺞﻫﺎﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﻊ ﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻘﺴﻨ . ،ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ ﻊﺠﺍﺭﻤﻭ ﺭﺩﺎﺼﻤ ﻥﻋ ﺎﻤﺃ ﻊﺠﺍﺭﻤﻭ ﺭﺩﺎﺼﻤ ﺕﺴﻤﺘﻝﺍ ﺩﻘﻓ ،ﺔﻔﻠﺘﺨﻤ ﻥﻤﻓ ﻥﺁﺭﻘﻝﺍ ﺭﺩﺎﺼﻤﻝﺍ ﺎﻤ ﺎﻬﻨﻤﻓ ﻊﺠﺍﺭﻤﻝﺍ ﺎﻤﺃ ﺔﻨﻭﺩﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﺜ ﻑﻴﺭﺸﻝﺍ ﻱﻭﺒﻨﻝﺍ ﺙﻴﺩﺤﻝﺍﻭ ﻡﻴﺭﻜﻝﺍ ﻕﻠﻌﺘ ـﻝ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﻊﻤﺎﺠـﻜ ﺹﺎﻨﺘﻝﺎﺒ : ،ﺕﻴﻨﻴﺠ ﺭﺍﺭﻴﺠ ـﻝ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﻡﻠﻋﻭ : ﺎﻔﻴﺘﺴﻴﺭﻜ ﺎﻴﻝ ﻭﺠ , ﻭ لﻴﻠﺤﺘ ﻱﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺏﺎﻁﺨﻝﺍ ـﻝ ﺹﺎﻨﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺠﻴﺘﺍﺭﺘﺴﺇ : ﺏﺎﻁﺨﻝﺎﺒ ﻕﻠﻌﺘ ﺎﻤ ﺎﻬﻨﻤﻭ،ﺡﺎﺘﻔﻤ ﺩﻤﺤﻤ ﻡﺠﻌﻤﻜ ،ﻱﺭﺎﻤﻐﻝﺍ ﻰﻔﻁﺼﻤ ﺭﻋﺎﺸﻝﺍﻭ ﻲﻤﻼﺴﻹﺍﻭ ﻲﻓﻭﺼﻝﺍ ـﻝ ﺔﻴﻓﻭﺼﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺤﻠﻁﺼﻤﻝﺍ : ﻲﻨﻔﺤﻝﺍ ﻡﻌﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺩﺒﻋ ـﻝ لﻴﻭﺄﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻝﺁﻭ ﻲﻓﻭﺼﻝﺍ ﺏﺎﻁﺨﻝﺍﻭ : ،ﺔﻤﻴﻫ ﺩﻴﻤﺤﻝﺍ ﺩﺒﻋ ﻭ لﻴﻠﺤﺘ ﺓﺭﺼﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺞﻫﺎﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺀﻭﻀ ﻲﻓ ﻲﻓﻭﺼﻝﺍ ﺏﺎﻁﺨﻝﺍ ـﻝ : ﻰﻠﻌﻠﺒ ﺔﻨﻤﺁ ، ﺭﻋﺎﺸ ﻱﺭﺎﻤﻐﻝﺍﻭ ـﻝ ﺔﻴﻤﻼﺴﻹﺍ ﺓﺩﻴﻘﻌﻝﺍ : ﺩﺍﺭﺸ ﺩﻭﺒﻋ ﻍﺎﺘﻠﺸ .. ﺎﻫﺭﻴﻏﻭ . ﺴﺍﺭﺩ ﻲﻓ ﻕﺒﺴﻝﺍ لﻀﻓ ﻲﻋﺩﺃ ﻻﻭ ﻥﺍﻭﻴﺩ ﺔ " ﺔﺒﺭﻐﻝﺍ ﺭﺍﺭﺴﺃ "، لﺒ ﻥﺇ ﻪﻝﻭﺤ ﺕﺎﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﺭﻋﺎﺸﻠﻝ ﻯﺭﺨﺃ ﻥﻴﻭﺍﻭﺩ ﻊﻤ ﺱﺭﺩﻴ ﻥﺎﻜ ﻪﻨﻜﻝﻭ، ﺔﻋﻭﻨﺘﻤﻭ ﺓﺭﻴﺜﻜ -ﻡﻠﻋﺃ ﺎﻤ ﺩﻭﺩﺤ ﻲﻓ ﻥﻤﻭ ﻡﻝ ﻡﺜ ﻲﻓﺎﻜﻝﺍ ﻡﺎﻤﺘﻫﻻﺍ ﻕﻠﻴ ﺹﻭﺼﻨ ﺔﻗﻼﻋ ﻥﻋ ﺙﻴﺩﺤﻝﺍ لﻭﺎﻨﺘﺘ ﻡﻝ ﺕﺎﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻥﺃ ﺎﻤﻜ، ﻌﻴﺭﺴﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻔﻗﻭﻝﺍ ﺽﻌﺒ ﻡﻬﻠﻝﺍ، ﻪﻝ ﺎﻬﺘﺴﺍﺭﺩ ﺀﺎﻨﺜﺃ ﻯﺭﺨﺃ ﺹﻭﺼﻨﺒ ﻥﺍﻭﻴﺩﻝﺍ لﺎﺤﻝﺍ ﻲﻫ ﺎﻤﻜ ﺔ ﺔﻝﺎﺴﺭ ﻲﻓ " ﺔﻴﺒﻭﻠﺴﺃ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩ ﺔﺒﺭﻐﻝﺍ ﺭﺍﺭﺴﺃ " ﺔﺒﻝﺎﻁﻠﻝ " ﻥﺎﺒﻀﻏ ﻰﻠﻴﻝ " ﻥﻋ ﺙﻴﺩﺤﻝﺍ ﻭﺃ، ﺎﻤﻠﺜﻤ ﺱﺎﺒﺘﻗﻻﺎﻜ ﺔﻴﻏﻼﺒ ﺔﻴﺜﺍﺭﺘ ﺕﺎﺤﻠﻁﺼﻤ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻘﺒﺎﺴﻝﺍ ﺹﻭﺼﻨﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺓﺩﺎﻔﺘﺴﻻﺍ
ﺔﻝﺎﺴﺭ ﻲﻓ ﺩﺭﻭ " ﻲﻤﺴﺎﻘﻠﺒ ﻰﻔﻁﺼﻤ " " ﻱﺭﺎﻤﻐﻝﺍ ﻰﻔﻁﺼﻤ ﺭﻌﺸ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﻤﻼﺴﻹﺍ ." ﺍﺫﻫ ﻡﻏﺭﻭ ﻤ ﻲﺘﺩﺎﻔﺘﺴﺍ ﺭﻜﻨﺃ ﻼﻓ ﺎﻬﻨ . ﻴ ﻻ ﻡﺎﺘﺨﻝﺍ ﻲﻓﻭ ﻥﺎﻓﺭﻌﻝﺍﻭ ﺭﻴﺩﻘﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﺒﻋ ﻰﻤﺴﺃ ﻊﻓﺭﺃ ﻥﺃﻭ،ﷲﺍ ﺩﻤﺤﺃ ﻥﺃ ﻻﺇ ﻲﻨﻌﺴ ﻑﺭﺸﻤﻝﺍ ﻱﺫﺎﺘﺴﻷ " ﻱﺭﻭﺼﻨﻤ ﺩﻤﺤﻤ " ﻋ ﻪﻌﺒﺘﺘﻭ،ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻲﻨﺒﺘ ﻪﻝﻭﺒﻗ ﻰﻠ ﺓﻭﻁﺨ ﻪﻝ ﺁ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺓﻭﻁﺨﺒ ﻪﺘﺎﻬﻴﺠﻭﺘﻭ ﻪﺤﺌﺎﺼﻨ ﻭ،ﻲﺒ ﻡﺌﺍﺩﻝﺍ ﻪﺒﻴﺤﺭﺘ ﻰﻠﻋﻭ،ﺔﻴﺌﺎﻬﻨﻝﺍ ﻪﺘﺎﺴﻤﻝ ﺭﺨ ﺔﻴﻤﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺠﻬﻨﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻨﻴﻤﺜﻝﺍ . ﻥﺎﻨﺘﻤﻻﺍﻭ ﺭﻜﺸﻝﺍ لﻴﺯﺠ ﻲﻨﻤ ﻪﻠﻓ .
لﺨﺩﻤ
ﺤ لﻼﺨ ﺔﻴﺭﻌﺸ ﺔﺒﺭﺠﺘ ﺔﻴﻷ ﺱﺭﺍﺩﻝﺍ ﻥﺇ ﺩﺤﻤ ﺔﻴﻨﻤﺯ ﺔﺒﻘ ﺽﺭﻐﺒ ﺓﺩﺘﻤﻤ ﻭﺃ ،ﺓﺩ ﺔﻴﻨﻓﻭ ﺔﻴﺭﻜﻓ ﻡﻴﻗ ﻥﻤ ﻪﻨﺯﺘﺨﺘ ﺎﻤ ﻑﺎﺸﺘﻜﺍﻭ،ﺎﻬﻤﻴﻴﻘﺘ ﻥﻋ ﻑﺭﻁﻝﺍ ﺽﻐﻴ ﻥﺃ ﻊﻴﻁﺘﺴﻴ ﻻ ، ﻭ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﻑﻭﺭﻅﻝﺍﻭ لﻤﺍﻭﻌﻝﺍ ﺕﻨﺎﻜ ﺍﺫﺇ ﺔﺼﺎﺨ ،ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﺕﺠﻀﻨﻭ ﺕﺸﻌﺘﻨﺍﻭ ،ﺕﺜﻌﺒﻨﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺕﺩﻝ ﺝﺭﺤﻭ ﻕﻴﻀ ﻑﻭﺭﻅ . ﻑﻭﺭﻅﻝﺍ ﻲﻫ ﺎﻤﻓ ﺙﺎﻌﺒﻨﺍ ﺕﺒﺤﺎﺼ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺔﺒﺭﺠﺘﻝﺍ ﺞﻀﻨﻭ ﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﺌ لﻫﻭ ﺔﻴﺭ ﺀﺍﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﻉﺎﻁﺘﺴﺍ ﻥﻭﻴﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ؟ﻥﻔﻝﺍﻭ ﻊﻗﺍﻭﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻝﺩﺠ ﺍﻭﺴﻜﻌﻴ ﻥﺃ ﻡﻅﻌﻤ ﻥﺇ ﺠﻝﺍ ﺭﻌﺸﻠﻝ ﻥﻴﺴﺭﺍﺩﻝﺍ ﺙﻌﺒ ﻪﻨﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻥﻭﻌﻤﺠﻴ ،ﺙﻴﺩﺤﻝﺍ ﻱﺭﺌﺍﺯ لﻅ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﺤﻼﺼﻹﺍ ﺔﻜﺭﺤﻝﺍ " 1 . ﺕﻝﻭﺎﺤ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ،ﺕﺎﻤﻭﻘﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻅﻓﺎﺤﻤﻝﺍ ﺩﺼﻗ ،ﺎﻫﺩﻬﺠ ﺕﺎﻴﺼﻭﺼﺨﻭ ﺍ ﻰﻌﺴ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ،ﺔﻴﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﻷﺍ ﺎﻬﻘﺤﻤ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻲﺴﻨﺭﻔﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻤﻌﺘﺴﻻ – ﻥﻤ ﺔﻠﻴﻭﻁ ﺔﺒﻘﺤ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤﺯﻝﺍ -ﺴﻨﺭﻔﻝﺍﻭ لﻴﻬﺠﺘﻝﺍ ﺩﺎﻤﺘﻋﺎﺒ ﺎﻫﺭﻴﻏﻭ ﺔ . ﺒ ﺔﻜﺭﺤﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺏﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺩﻋﺎﺴ ﺩﻗﻭ ﻪﺤﻭﺭ ﺫﺇ ﺓﺩﻤﺎﺼﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺩﺤﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺽﻓﺭ ﻻﺍﻭ ﻙﻨﻀﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻨﺎﻬﻤﻝﺍﻭ ،لﺫﻝﺍ ﺏﺍﺭﺘﻏ ، ﻭ ﺒ ﻡﻭﺎﻗ ﻩﺍﻭﻗ لﻜ ﻪﺘﻝﺎﺼﺄﺒ ﻙﺴﻤﺘﻝﺎﺒ ﻯﺭﺨﺃﻭ ،ﺓﺭﺎﺘ ﺡﻼﺴﻝﺎﺒ ﻲﺴﻨﺭﻔﻝﺍ لﻴﺨﺩﻝﺍ " ﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻝﺎﺼﻷﺍ ﺭﺒﻋ ﻑﺭﻌﺘ ﻡﻝ ﻲ ﺭﻬﻅ ﺀﺎﻨﺤﻨﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺱﺃﺭ ﺔﻀﻔﺨ ﻲﺴﻨﺭﻔﻝﺍ لﺘﺤﻤﻝﺍ ﺩﻀ لﻴﻭﻁﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺨﻴﺭﺎﺘ ... ﺕﺌﻁﻭ ﻥﺃ ﺫﻨﻤ ﻲﺴﻨﺭﻓ لﻭﺃ ﻡﺩﻗ ﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﺽﺭﺃ " 2 . ﻲﻓ ﺔﻝﺎﺼﻷﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺕﻠﺠﺘ ﺩﻗﻭ ﺔﻴﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﻪﺘﻓﺎﻘﺜﺒ ﻪﺜﺒﺸﺘ ﺔﻴﻤﻼﺴﻹﺍ . ﺃ ﺩﻴﺒ ﻊﻓﺭ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﺤﻠﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﻭﺎﻘﻤﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻥ ﺏﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺀﺎﻨﺒﺃ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻘﺤﺎﺴﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺒﻠﻏﻷﺍ ﺎﻫﺀﺍﻭﻝ ﺒ ﺩﻗ ﺕﺀﺎ ﺓﺩﻌﻝ ،لﺸﻔﻝﺎﺒ ﻕﻴﻀﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻁﻹﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺢﻤﺴﻴ ﻻ ﺏﺎﺒﺴﺃ ﺎﻬﺌﺍﻭﺘﺤﺎﺒ ﻤﻴ ﻥﻜﻝﻭ ، ﺯﺎﺠﻴﺇ ﻥﻜ ﻥﻴﺒﺒﺴ ﻲﻓ ﻙﻝﺫ : ﺯﻭﻋ ﺎﻤﻬﻝﻭﺃ ،ﺔﻴﻓﺎﻜﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﺒﺨﻠﻝ ﻥﻴﻴﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﻴﻨﺎﺜﻭ ﺭﻤﻌﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﺀﺎﻫﺩ ﺎﻤﻬ ،ﻲﺴﻨﺭﻔﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﻥﻭﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻪﺴﻜﻌﺘ ﺎﻤ ﺍﺫﻫﻭ ﻝ ﺓﺭﺘﻔﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻬ . ﺩﻴﻌﻝﺍ ﺩﻤﺤﻤ ﺍﺫﻬﻓ ﺔﻔﻴﻠﺨ لﺁ ﺩﻗ ﻥﻁﻔﺘ ﻭﻓ ،ﺎﻬﻔﻴﻭﺴﺘﻭ ﺎﺴﻨﺭﻓ ﺕﻼﻁﺎﻤﻤﻝ ﻭ ،ﺔﻤﻝﺎﻅ ،ﺔﻴﻏﺎﺒ ﺎﻬﻨﺄﺒ ﺎﻬﻔﺼ ﺏﻨﺎﺠ ﺎﻬﻝ ﻥﻤﺘﺅﻴ ﻻ لﻭﺎﺤﻓ ﺽﺤﻴ ﻥﺃ ﻼﺌﺎﻗ ﺓﺩﺎﻬﺸﻝﺍﻭ ﺽﻭﻬﻨﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻪﻨﻁﻭ ﺀﺎﻨﺒﺃ : ﹸﻘﻓ ﻡ ﺒﺍ ﺎﻴ ﻥ ﹺﺒﻝﺍ ﺩﻼ ﻭ ﺍﹾﻨ ﻬ ﺽ ﹺﺒ ﹶﻼ ﻤ ﻬ ٍل ﹶﻓ ﹶﻘ ﺩ ﹶﻁ َلﺎ ﹸﻘﻝﺍ ﺩﻭﻌ 1 ﻴ ﺭﻅﻨ : ﺭﺼﺎﻨ ﺩﻤﺤﻤ : ﺙﻴﺩﺤﻝﺍ ﻱﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ) ﺔﻴﻨﻔﻝﺍ ﻪﺼﺌﺎﺼﺨﻭ ﻪﺘﺎﻫﺎﺠﺘﺍ 1925 -1975 ( ﻲﻤﻼﺴﻹﺍ ﺏﺭﻐﻝﺍ ﺭﺍﺩ، ﻁ،ﻥﺎﻨﺒﻝ،ﺕﻭﺭﻴﺒ 1 ، 1985 ﺹ ، 164 . 2 ﺔﻨﻴﻏﺯ ﺩﻤﺤﻤ : ﺔﻠﻴﻠﻤ ﻥﻴﻋ ،ﻊﻴﺯﻭﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺭﺸﻨﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻋﺎﺒﻁﻠﻝ ﺔﻋﺎﺒﻁﻝﺍ ﺭﺍﺩ ،ﻥﻴﻴﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﻤﻠﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﺀﺎﻤﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻌﻤﺠ ﺀﺍﺭﻌﺸ ،ﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ 2004 -2005 ﺹ، 110 .
ﹸﻗﻭ ْل ﺒﺍ ﺎﻴ ﻥ ﹺﺒﻝﺍ ﺩﻼ ِﻝ ِلﻜ ِﻝ ﹴﺹ ﺒ ﻰﻐ ﺒﻝﺍ ﻏﺎ ﹺﺭ ﻲ ﺩ ﻙﺍ ﹶﻓ ﹶﺎﺨ ﺏ ﺴ ﻌ ﹰﺎﻴ ﹶﺘ ﹼﻠﺠ ﺼﻝﺍ ﻰ ﺢﺒ ﺍﻭ ﹾﻨﹶﺘ ﻪﺒ ﺭﻝﺍ ﻭﻗ ﺩ ﺒﻠﻝﻭ ﻏﺎ ﺭﻝﺍ ﻲ ﺩ ﻙﻝﻭ ﻯ ﹸﺨﻝﺍ ﺩﻭﻠ 1 ﻡﺯﻋﻭ ﺓﻭﻘﺒ ﺩﻴﺩﺠ ﻥﻤ ﺏﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﻕﻠﻁﻨﺎﻓ ، ﺡﻭﺭﺠ ﻥﻤ ﻪﺘﺩﺎﻔﺘﺴﺎﺒﻭ ،ﺭﺎﻌﺸﻷﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ لﻀﻔﺒ ﺔﻴﺴﻨﺭﻔﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﻥﻤﻭ ،ﻲﻀﺎﻤﻝﺍ -ﹾﻘﺘ ﺕﻨﺎﻜ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﻠ ﺏ ﻪﻝ ﻥﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﻬﻅ ﺓﺭﻤ لﻜ ﻲﻓ ﺱﺴﺤﺘﻴ " ﻪﻘﻴﺭﻁ ﻪﻨﺎﻴﻜ ﺩﺸﻨﻴﻭ ﻪﺘﺍﺫ ﻥﻋ ﺙﺤﺒﻴﻭ ،ﺢﻴﺤﺼﻝﺍ ، ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﻪﺘﻴﺘﺍﺫﻭ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺕﻋﺎﻀ ﺔﻗﺭﻔﻝﺍ ﺏﺎﺒﻀ ﺕﺎﻓﻼﺘﺨﻻﺍﻭ " 2 ، ﺕﺎﻗﺎﻘﺸﻨﻻﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻨﻁﻭﻝﺍ ﺔﻜﺭﺤﻝﺍ لﺨﺍﺩ ﺔﻠﺼﺎﺤﻝﺍ . ﻻﺇ ﻪﻨﻤ ﻥﺎﻜ ﺎﻤﻓ ﻥﺃ ﺠﻓ ﻥﻤﺍﻭﻜ ﺎﻬﻌﻤ ﺕﺭﺠﻔﺘﻓ ،ﺓﺭﻭﺜﻝﺍ ﺭ ﺒﻜﺘ ﺔﻴﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻋﺍﺩﺒﻹﺍ ﺭ ﺭﺸﺒﺘﺴﺘﻭ ﻴﺒﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﺼﻨﻝﺎﺒ ﻥ ﻨﺎﻤﻴﺇ ﺔﻨﻤﺅﻤ ، ﺎ ﻰﻝﺎﻌﺘ ﻪﻝﻭﻘﺒ ﺎﺼﻝﺎﺨ ﺎﻘﻴﻤﻋ : » ْآ ﺔﹶﻠﻴﻠﹶﻗ ﺔَﺌﻓ ﻥﻤ َﺌﻓ ﹾﺕﺒﹶﻠﹶﻏ ﹰﺓﺭﻴْﺜﹶﻜ ﹰﺔ ﻪﹶﻠﻝﺍ ﹺﻥﹾﺫِﺈﹺﺒ « 3 . ﺽﺎﻴﻓ ﺱﺎﻤﺤﺒ ﺎﻬﺒﻴﻬﻝ ﻥﻋ ﺭﻴﺒﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺀﺍﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺱﻓﺎﻨﺘﻓ ﻭ ﺕﻤﻬﻝﺃ ﺎﻬﻠﻀﻔﺒ ﺭﻋﺎﺸﻝﺍ " ﺎﻴﺭﻜﺯ ﻱﺩﻔﻤ " ﻡﻅﻨﻓ " ﺱﺩﻘﻤﻝﺍ ﺏﻬﻠﻝﺍ " ﻭ ، " ﺓﺫﺎﻴﻝﻹﺍ ". ﺃﻭ ﺕﺤﺒﺼ ﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺔﻐﻝ ﻡﻤﺤﻝﺎﻜ ﺔﻴﻨﺎﻜﺭﺒﻝﺍ . ﻕﺤﺒ ﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﻥﺎﻜ ﺩﻗﻭ ﻲﻓ ﻥﺎﻤﻴﻠﺴ ﻯﺭﻴ ﺎﻤﻜ ﺓﺭﻭﺜﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ،ﺔﻜﺭﻌﻤ ﻲﻓ ﺎﺤﻼﺴ ﻰﺴﻴﻌﻝﺍ ﺙﺩﺤﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻥﻋ ﺍﻭﺭﺒﻋ ﻥﻴﺫﻝﺍ ﺎﻀﻴﺃ ﺀﺍﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﻥﻤﻭ ﻡﻴﻅﻌﻝﺍ ﻲﺨﻴﺭﺎﺘﻝﺍ " ﺭﺎﻤﺨ ﻡﺴﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﻭﺒﺃ " ﻪﺘﺩﻴﺼﻗ ﻲﻓ " ﺵﺎﺸﺭﻝﺍ ﻕﻁﻨﻤ " ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﻭﻋﺩﻴ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ، ﺭﺼﻨﻝﺍ ﻙﺍﺭﺩﺇ ﺔﻴﺎﻏ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺎﻤﺩﻗ ﻲﻀﻤﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻱﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠ لﻜ ﺓﺩﻴﺩﺸ ﺔﻴﺴﺎﻤﺤﺒ : ﺘ ﻻ ﻔ ﹼﻜ ﺭ ... ﹸﺘ ﻻ ﹼﻜﻔ ﺭ ... ﺭﺠﻤﺯ ﺏﺭﺤﻝﺍ ﺏﻴﻬﻝ ﺎﻴ ... ﻤﺩ ﻡﺜ ﺭ ﻝﺍ ﻯﺭﺫﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺴ ﻤ ﺍﺭ ﻥﻤ ﺀ ﹴﺽﺭﺃ ﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ... ﺭﻜﻔﺘ ﻻ ... ﺯﻤ ﺀﺎﻴﺤﻷﺍ ﻕ ... ﺀﻼﺸﺃ ... ﺭﺜﻌﺒﻭ ﻥﺎﻴﻐﻁﻝﺍ ﻡﻁﺤ ... ﺭﺴﻜ ﺏﺎﻫﺭﻹﺍ ﺭﺸﻨﺍﻭ ... ﻥﺍﺭﻴﻨﻝﺍﻭ ... ﺭﺜﻜﺃ ﺭﺜﻜﺃ ﻡﺜ ... ﺭﻏ ﻙﺍﺩﺎﻨ ﺍﺫﺇﻭ ... ﺤﺘﻓ ﺭﺠ ... 1 ﻴﻌﻝﺍ ﺩﻤﺤﻤ ﺩ ﺔﻔﻴﻠﺨ لﺁ : ،ﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ،ﻭ،ﻥ،ﻭ،ﺵ،ﻥﺍﻭﻴﺩﻝﺍ ﻁ ﺩ،ﺕ ﺩ ، ﺹ 304 . 2 ﻲﺒﻴﻜﺭ ﷲﺍ ﺩﺒﻋ : ﺕﺎﺴﺍﺭﺩ ،ﺙﻴﺩﺤﻝﺍ ﻱﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﻲﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺏﺎﺘﻜﻝﺍ ﺭﺍﺩ ،ﻊﻴﺯﻭﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺭﺸﻨﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻋﺎﺒﻁﻠﻝ ﻲﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺩ ،ﻁ ﺕ ﺩ ، ﺹ 52 . 3 ،ﺓﺭﻘﺒﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﻭﺴ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻴﻵﺍ 249 .
ﺩﺭﻤﺘﻭ .... ﺭﺒﻜﺘﻭ ... ﺭﻜﻔﺘ ﻻ ﺭﻔﻅﺘ ﻑﻭﺴ ﻊﻓﺩﻤﻝﺍ ﺓﻭﻗ ... ﺵﺎﺸﺭﻝﺍﻭ ... ﺭﺒﻜﺃ 1 . ﻌﻤ ﺕﺍﻭﻨﺴ ﻻﺇ ﻲﻫ ﺎﻤﻭ ﺔﻨﻴﻨﺄﻤﻁﻝﺍ ﺕﺩﺎﻌﻓ ،ﺩﺍﺭﺃ ﺎﻤﺒ ﺏﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺭﻔﻅ ﻰﺘﺤ ﺕﺍﺩﻭﺩ ﺔﻤﺎﺴﺘﺒﻻﺍﻭ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺕﺩﺎﻋﻭ ،لﺎﻔﻁﻷﺍ ﻩﺎﻔﺸ ﻡﻼﺤﻷﺍ ﻻﻭ ،ﻑﻭﺨ ﻼﺒ ﺩﻏ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺕﺎﻌﻠﻁﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﻉﻭﺠ ﺩﻴﻗ ﻻﻭ ،لﻼﻐﺘﺴﺍ ﻻﻭ . ﻲﻋﺎﻤﺘﺠﻻﺍ ﻊﻀﻭﻝﺍ ﺔﺸﺎﺸﻫ ﻡﻏﺭ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻊﻗﺍﻭﻝﺍﻭ ،ﺎﻴﺒﺴﻨ ﺭﻘﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻩﺭﻤﺩ ﻴﺩﺎﻤ ؛ﻪﻝﻭﺎﻌﻤﺒ ﺭﻤﻌﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﺎﻴﻜ ﺎﻴﻭﻨﻌﻤﻭ ﺎ ﻓ ﺩﺠﻭ ﻪﺴﻔﻨ ﺏﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺔﻋﺭﺎﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺍﺭﺒﺠﻤ ﺍ ﺓﺍﻭﺍﺩﻤ ﻲﻓ ﻲﻓﻭ ،ﺡﺍﺭﺠﻝﺎﺒ ﻥﺨﺜﻤﻝﺍ ﻊﻗﺍﻭﻝ ﻥﻁﻭﻝﺍ ﺀﺎﻨﺒ ﺔﻓﺎﻜ ﻰﻠﻋ لﺍﺅﺴﻝﺍﻭ ،ﺕﺎﻴﻭﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﺎﻨﻫ ﻪﺴﻔﻨ ﺽﺭﻔﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ : ﺒﻗ ﺕﻨﺎﻜ ﺎﻤﻜ ﺎﻬﺘﻴﻭﻴﺤ ﺔﻴﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺔﻜﺭﺤﻝﺍ ﺕﻠﺼﺍﻭ لﻫ ﺍﺫﻫ لﻴﻨ ل ؟ﻡﻴﻅﻌﻝﺍ ﻲﻨﻁﻭﻝﺍ ﺏﻠﻁﻤﻝﺍ ﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﻜﻤﻴ لﺍﺅﺴﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻥﻋ ﺔﺒﺎﺠﻺﻝ لﻭ : ،ﺔﻴﻨﻁﻭﻝﺍ ﺓﺩﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﻉﺎﺠﺭﺘﺴﺍ ﻥﺇ ﻓﺍﻭ ﻙﺎﻜﺘ ﺍ ﺔﺤﻤﺎﺠﻝﺍ ﺔﺒﻏﺭﻝﺍ ﻥﻷ ،ﺔﻴﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺔﻜﺭﺤﻝﺍ ﺞﻫﻭ ﺩﺎﻤﺨﺇ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻯﺩﺃ ،ﺭﻤﻌﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﺏﺎﻴﻨﺃ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻴﺭﺤﻝ ﻪﻨﻋ ﺭﺒﻋ ﺎﻤ ﺍﺫﻫ ،ﻥﻴﻴﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﺀﺍﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺢﺌﺍﺭﻗ ﺕﻜﺫﺃ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﻲﻫ ﺩﺎﺒﻌﺘﺴﻻﺍ ﺩﻭﻴﻗ ﺭﺴﻜ ﻲﻓ " ﺎﻴﺭﻜﺯ ﻱﺩﻔﻤ " ﻪﻝﻭﻘﺒ : ﻥﺇ ﺎﻨﺃ ﱠﻁﺤ ﻤ ﹸﺕ ﻤ ﻫﺯ ﹶﺘ ﻻ ﻱﺭ ـﺴ ﹾﻠ ﻲﻨ ﻥﺇ ﺎﻨﺃ ﹸﺕﻨﻜ ﹶﺸ ﺭﻋﺎ ﹶﺜﻝﺍ ﺭﻭ ﺓ ﹸﻜﻝﺍ ﺒ ﺭ ﻯ ــﺴﻭ ﹸﺕﻭﻠ ــﺴﺘﺒﺍ ﻤﺎ ﺘ ﹶﺘ ﻻ ﻲ ﹸﻠ ﻤ ــﻨ ﻲ ّﹶﻨﺈـــﻓ ﹺﺒ ﻲ ﹶﺨ ﹾﻠﻔ ـــﻬ ﹶﻏﺃ ﻻ ﺎ ـــﻨ ﻲ 2 ﺴﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻥﻤﻴﻬﻓ ﻪﻴﻠﻋ لﺩﺃ ﺱﻴﻝ ،ﺩﻭﻜﺭ ﺔﻴﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺔﺤﺎ " ﺔﻴﻝﺎﻌﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺤﻴﺼﻝﺍ ﻙﻠﺘ ﻥﻤ ﺭﺍﺩﺼﺇ ﺡﺭﺘﻘﻴ ﺭﺨﺁﻭ ،ﺕﺍﻭﺩﻨ ﺡﺭﺘﻘﻴ ﺍﺫﻬﻓ ،ﺔﻴﻓﺎﻘﺜﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﺯﻷﺍ ﻥﻋ ﺕﺒﺘﻜ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﻻﺎﻘﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻓﺎﻘﺜ ﺔﻤﺯﺃ ﺎﻬﻴﻤﺴﻴ ﺙﻝﺎﺜﻭ ،ﺕﻼﺠﻤ " 3 . ﻲﻓﻭ ﺞﻀﻨﻭ ﺎﻤﻨ ﺭﻜﺫﻝﺍ ﺔﻘﺒﺎﺴﻝﺍ ﻑﻭﺭﻅﻝﺍ لﻅ ﻨﻴﻌﺒﺴﻝﺍ لﻴﺠ ﻲﻋﻭ ﻴ ﺎﺜﻴﺜﺤ ﺎﻴﻌﺴ ﻰﻌﺴﻓ ،ﺕﺎ ، ﺔﻜﺭﺤﻠﻝ ﺯﻴﻤﻤﻝﺍ ﺩﻭﻜﺭﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﺒﻏ ﺽﻔﻨ ﺩﺼﻗ ﺔﻴﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﻱﺫﻝﺍﻭ ﺭﻤﻷﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺩﻋﺎﺴ ﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺘﻓﺭﻋ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﻻﻭﺤﺘﻝﺍﻭ ،ﺕﺍﺭﻴﻐﺘﻝﺍ ﺭﺌﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺕﺎﻴﻭﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻰﺘﺸ . 1 ﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﻭﺒﺃ ﺩﻤﺤﻤ ﻡﺴ ﺭﺎﻤﺨ : ﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ،ﺕ،ﻥ،ﻭ،ﺵ،ﺀﺍﺩﺼﺃﻭ لﻼﻅ ، ﻁ 2 ، 1982 ، ﺹ 63 . 2 ﺔﻓﺭﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻠﺠﻤ ) ﺔﻴﺭﻭﺴﻝﺍ ( ﻉ، 23 ﻲﻨﺎﺜﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺭﺸﺘ، 1964 ﺹ، 84 . ﻥﻋ ﻼﻘﻨ : ﻤ ﺭﺼﺎﻨ ﺩﻤﺤ : ﺙﻴﺩﺤﻝﺍ ﻱﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ) ﺔﻴﻨﻔﻝﺍ ﻪﺼﺌﺎﺼﺨﻭ ﻪﺘﺎﻫﺎﺠﺘﺍ 1925 -1975 ( ، ﺹ 164 . 3 ﺩﺍﺭﺸ ﺩﻭﺒﻋ ﻍﺎﺘﻠﺸ : ،ﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ، ﺏﺎﺘﻜﻠﻝ ﺔﻴﻨﻁﻭﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺴﺅﻤﻝﺍ،ﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺭﺤﻝﺍ ﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺔﻜﺭﺤ 1985 ﺹ، 30 .
ﻓﺎﻘﺜﻝﺍ ﺏﻌﺸﻝﺍﻭ ،لﺎﻤﺁ ﺔﻠﺠﻤﻜ ﺕﻼﺠﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﻑﺤﺼﻝﺍ ﺽﻌﺒ ﺭﻭﻬﻅ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺓﺩﺎﻴﺯ ﻲ ... ﺎﻤﻫﺭﻴﻏﻭ ﻲﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺎﻬﺘﻌﺠﺸﻭ ،ﺏﺎﺒﺸﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻋﺍﺩﺒﺇ ﺕﻨﻀﺘﺤﺍ . ﺔﻴﺭﻌﺸ ﺔﻜﺭﺤ ﺭﺩﺍﻭﺒ ﺕﺤﻼﻓ ﺓﺩﻴﺩﺠ ﺭﻴﺎﻐﺘ ﺔﻘﺒﺎﺴﻝﺍ ﺔﻠﺤﺭﻤﻝﺍ ﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﺼﺎﺨ ﻲﻘﻴﺴﻭﻤﻝﺍ لﻴﻜﺸﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﻥﻭﻤﻀﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺎﻴﺅﺭ . ﻲﻨﻁﻭﻝﺍ ﺀﺎﻨﺒﻝﺍ ﻊﻗﺍﻭ ،ﺩﻴﺩﺠﻝﺍ ﻊﻗﺍﻭﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ ﺍﻭﺭﺒﻋ ﻥﻭﻤﻀﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺎﻴﺅﺭﻝﺍ ﻯﻭﺘﺴﻤ ﻰﻠﻌﻓ ﻰﺤﻀﺃﻭ ﻝﺍ ﺞﻬﻨﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ ﺙﻴﺩﺤ ﻲﻜﺍﺭﺘﺸﻻﺍ ﺒﺘ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻥﻭﺘﻤﻝﺍ لﺠ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺎﻴﻏﺎﻁ ﺩﻼﺒﻝﺍ ﻪﺘﻨ ﺔﻴﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ . ﺢﻝﺎﺼﻝﺍ ﺩﻤﺤﻤ ﺭﻋﺎﺸﻝﺍ لﺎﺜﻤﻝﺍ لﻴﺒﺴ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺩﺠﻨ ﻕﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻲﻓﻭ ﺒ ﺔﻴﻭﺎ ﻊﻓﺭ ﺩﻗ ﻁﺨﻝﺍ ﺍﺩﻨﺎﺴﻤ ﻪﺘﻭﺼ ﻲﻜﺍﺭﺘﺸﻻﺍ لﻭﻘﻴ : ﺴﻗﺃ ﻡ ﻥﻴﺘﻝﺎﺒ ... ﻥﻭﺘﻴﺯﻝﺎﺒﻭ ﺎﺒﻭ ﺀﻼﺸﻷ ﹸﻠﻗ ﺒﻭ ﺒﻨﻭ ﺎ ﹾﺕﺎ ﺩﺃ ُلﺎﻏ ﻋ ﻴﻨ ﺒﺃ ﻲ ﺤ ﺭ ﹾﺕ ﺠ ﻋﻭ ﻲ ... ﻀ ﹸﻠ ﻋﻭ َﺃ ﻲ ﻭ ﹶﻏ ﹶﻠ ﹾﺕ ﻥﻋ ﻓ ﹾﻜ ﺭ ﺩﺎﻜ ﺓ ﺤ ﺔ ﹶﺘ ﺭﻔﺤ ﺩﺘ ﻤ ﻲ ... ﺒﺃ ﺤ ﺭ ﹾﺕ ﻓ ﺎﻤﻭ ﹶﻕﺭﺎ ﻨﻴﻋ ﻤ ﻲ ﺩﻭﺭ ﹸﻨﻝﺍ ﺭﻭ ﻴﺭﻭ ﺡﺎ ﺭﻔﺴﻝﺍ ﻓ ﻥﻋ ﹾﻜ ﺭ ﺓ ﹺﺒﺎﺼ ﺓﺭ ﻭﻬﺘ ﻭ ﻯ ﻌﺘ ﻨﺎ ﻲ 1 . لﻅ ﺩﻗﻭ ﻨﻴﻨﺎﻤﺜﻝﺍ ﻰﺘﺤ ﺓﺭﺘﻔﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻲﻓ ﺀﺍﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﻴ ﺕﺎ ﺕﺎﻘﺒﻁﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ ﻥﻭﺭﺒﻌﻴ ، ﻥﻴﻤﻭﻠﻅﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ ﻥﻭﺤﻓﺎﻨﻴ ﺔﻤﻭﺭﺤﻤﻝﺍ لﺎﻜﺸﺃﻭ ، لﻼﻐﺘﺴﻻﺍ ﻙﺭﺘﺸﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﺴﺎﻘﻝﺍﻭ ،ﺔﻴﻋﺎﻁﻗﻹﺍﻭ ﺩﻌﺒ ﺎﻤ ﺓﺭﺘﻓ ﻥﻴﺒ لﻼﻘﺘﺴﻻﺍ ﺎﻬﻠﺒﻗﻭ ﻪﻋﻭﻨ ﻑﻼﺘﺨﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺩﺍﺭﻤ ﻑﺩﻫ ﻥﻋ ﺕﻌﻓﺍﺩ ﺎﻤﻬﻴﺘﻠﻜ ﻥﺃ . ﻝﺍ ﻯﻭﺘﺴﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺎﻤﺃ ﺕﺎﻫﺎﺠﺘﺍ ﺔﺜﻼﺜ ﺕﺭﻬﻅ ﺩﻘﻓ ،ﻲﻘﻴﺴﻭﻤﻝﺍ لﻴﻜﺸﺘ 2 : 1 ﺤﻤ ﺎﺼﻝﺍ ﺩﻤ ﺔﻴﻭﺎﺒ ﺢﻝ : ،ﻭ،ﻥ،ﻭ،ﺵ،ﺔﻴﻝﺎﻀﻨ ﺕﺎﻴﻨﻏﺃ ﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ، 1971 ، ﺹ 111 . 2 ﻤ ﺭﺼﺎﻨ ﺩﻤﺤ : ﺙﻴﺩﺤﻝﺍ ﻱﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ) ﺔﻴﻨﻔﻝﺍ ﻪﺼﺌﺎﺼﺨﻭ ﻪﺘﺎﻫﺎﺠﺘﺍ 1925 -1975 ( ﺹ، 167 ، 184 .
لﻭﻷﺍ : ﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﻊﻤﺠﻴ ﻱﺩﺎﻤﺤ ﷲﺍ ﺩﺒﻋﻭ ،ﻱﺭﺎﻤﻐﻝﺍ ﻰﻔﻁﺼﻤ لﻌﻓ ﺎﻤﻜ ،ﺭﺤﻝﺍﻭ ﻱﺩﻭﻤﻌﻝﺍ ،ﻱﻭﺎﻴﺤﻴ ﺵﺎﻴﻋﻭ ﻥﺎﻁﻗﺭ ﻥﺒ ﺩﻤﺤﻤﻭ ،ﻱﺭﻫﺎﻁﻝﺍ لﺎﻤﺠﻭ ... ﻡﻫﺭﻴﻏﻭ . ﻲﻨﺎﺜﻝﺍ : ﺭﺤﻝﺍ ﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺔﺒﺎﺘﻜ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺢﻨﺠ ﺝﺍﺭﺯﺃ ﺭﻤﻋﻭ ،ﻲﻠﻴﺘﺯﻝﺍ ﺩﻤﺤﻤ لﻌﻓ ﺎﻤﻜ ﻱﺭﻤﺤﻭ ، ﻲﻤﻨﺎﻐﺘﺴﻤ ﻡﻼﺤﺃﻭ ﻱﺭﺤﺒ . ﺙﻝﺎﺜﻝﺍ : ﻰﻝﺇ لﺎﻤ ﺓﺩﻴﺼﻗ لﺎﺜﻤﺃ ﺭﺜﻨﻝﺍ : ، ﻲﺒﻫﻭ ﺓﻭﻼﻋ ﺓﻭﺭﺠ ،ﺔﺒﻴﺫﻭﺒ ﺱﻴﺭﺩﺇ ﺩﻴﻤﺤﻝﺍ ﺩﺒﻋ لﻴﻜﺸ .. ﻡﻫﺭﻴﻏﻭ . ﻥﺎﻜ ﻥﺇﻭ ﺭﺒﺘﻌﻴ ﺭﺼﺎﻨ ﺩﻤﺤﻤ ﻻﺍ ﻩﺎﺠﺘ ﺭﻴﺨﻷﺍ ، ﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻪﻨﻤ ﺭﺜﻨﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺏﺭﻗﺃ ﻲﻨﻔﻝﺍ ﻪﻔﻌﻀﻝ . ﻡﺴﺎﻘﻴ ﺕﺎﺒ ﺩﻴﺩﺠ ﻲﻘﻴﺴﻭﻤ لﻜﺸ ﺭﻭﻬﻅ ،ﻕﺒﺎﺴﻝﺍ ﻡﻴﺴﻘﺘﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻅﺤﻼﻴ ﻡﻭﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋﻭ ﺔﻨﺎﻜﻤﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻴﻝﺇ لﻭﺨﺩﻝﺍ ﻊﻁﺘﺴﻴ ﻡﻝ لﻜﺸﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻥﺃ ﻡﻏﺭ ،ﺔﻴﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺔﺤﺎﺴﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻱﺩﻭﻤﻌﻝﺍ لﻜﺸﻝﺍ لﻤﺍﻭﻋ ﺓﺩﻌﻝ ﺔﻝﻭﻬﺴﺒ 1 ، لﻌﻝ ﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﻲﻘﻠﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺩﺎﻴﺘﻋﺍ ﺎﻬﻤﻫﺃ ﺏﻝﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﻉﺎﻤﺴ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻙﺍﺫﻨﺁ ﻱ ﹶﺘ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺩﻤﺘﻌﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻱﺩﻴﻠﻘﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻓﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﺭﺍﺭﻜ ﺕﻴﺒ لﻜ ﻲﻓ ﻱﻭﺭﻝﺍﻭ . لﻴﺨ ﺎﻤﻜ ﻝ ﺽﻌﺒ ﺭﻌﺸ ﺍ ﺀ ﺓﺩﻴﺼﻘﻝﺍ ﺔﻝﺎﺼﻷﺍﻭ ﺙﺍﺭﺘﻠﻝ ﺔﻨﺎﻴﺨ ﺩﻌﺘ ، لﻜﺸﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻕﻓﻭ ﺔﺒﺎﺘﻜﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﺔﻴﺩﻴﻠﻘﺘﻝﺍ ﺩﺤﺃ لﻭﻘﻴ ، ﻁﺨﺴ ﺭﻭﺼﻴ ﻭﻫﻭ ﺏﺎﺒﺸﻝﺍ ﺀﺍﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺭﺤﻝﺍ ﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺔﺒﺭﺠﺘ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻡﻬﻀﻌﺒ " : ﻰﻝﺇ ﺕﺜﺩﺤﺘ ﺎﻤﻠﻜ ﻼﻤﺯ ﺤﺃ ﻲﻨﺄﻜﻭ ﻲﻨﻤ ﺍﻭﻜﺤﻀ ﺩﻴﺩﺠﻝﺍ ﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺔﺒﺭﺠﺘ ﻥﻋ ﺔﺴﺭﺩﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻲﺌ ﺩ لﻭﺯﻨ ﻥﻋ ﻡﻬﺜ ﺭﻴﻁﺨ ﻲﻤﻠﻋ ﻑﺎﺸﺘﻜﺍ ﻥﻋ ﻭﺃ ،ﺀﺍﺭﻫﺯﻝﺍ ﺏﻜﻭﻜ ﺢﻁﺴ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻥﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ " 2 . ﺍﻭﺒﺭﻋﺃ ،ﺭﺤﻝﺍ ﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺔﺒﺎﺘﻜ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻥﻭﻠﻴﻤﻴ ﻥﻴﺫﻝﺍ ﺀﺍﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻀﻌﺒ ﻥﺈﻓ ﺓﺍﺯﺍﻭﻤﻝﺎﺒﻭ ﺘﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﻭﺭﻀ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺍﻭﻋﺩﻭ ،ﺔﻴﺩﻴﻠﻘﺘﻝﺍ ﺓﺩﻴﺼﻘﻝﺍ ﻊﻤ ﺔﻤﺎﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻌﻴﻁﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ ﻡﻬﻨﻤ ﺎﺒﺼﻌﺘ ،ﺎﻬﻨﻤ ﺅﺭﺒ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺍﺭﺩﺎﻗ ﻩﻭﺩﻋﻭ ،ﻪﻨﺄﺸ ﻥﻤ ﻭﻠﻋﺃﻭ ﻩﻭﻌﻓﺭ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺩﻴﺩﺠﻝﺍ لﻜﺸﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻬﻝ ﺀﺍﻭﺘﺤﺍ ﺏﺭﺎﺠﺘﻝﺍ لﻜ ﻉﺯﺎﻨﻤ ﻼﺒ ﺔﻴﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ . ﺔﺒﺎﺘﻜﻝﺍ ﺭﺜﺁ ﻥﻤ ﻙﺎﻨﻫ ﻥﺃ ﺭﻴﻏ ﺭﺤﻝﺍﻭ ﻱﺩﻭﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﻠﻜﺸﻝﺍ ﻕﻓﻭ ﻥﺃ ﻪﻨﻤ ﺎﻋﺎﻨﺘﻗﺍ ، ﻴﻠﻜ ﺏﺎﺒﺸﻝﺍ ﺽﻌﺒ لﻌﻓ ﺎﻤﻜ ﺭﻴﺒﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺭﺩﺎﻗ ﺎﻤﻬ ﻡﻫﺭﻜﺫ ﻕﺒﺴ ﻥﻴﺫﻝﺍ . ﻩﺫﻫ ﺎﻤﺒﺭﻭ ﻥﻴﺴﺤ ﻪﻁ ﺎﻬﻴﻤﺴﻴ ﺎﻤﻜ ﺕﺎﻤﻭﺼﺨﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺩﻴﺩﺠﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺩﻴﻠﻘﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﻉﺍﺭﺼﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ ﻪﺜﻴﺩﺤ ﺀﺎﻨﺜﺃ 1 ﺭﺼﺎﻨ ﺩﻤﺤﻤ : ﺙﻴﺩﺤﻝﺍ ﻱﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ) ﺔﻴﻨﻔﻝﺍ ﻪﺼﺌﺎﺼﺨﻭ ﻪﺘﺎﻫﺎﺠﺘﺍ 1925 -1975 ( ، ﺹ 168 ، 170،169 . 2 ﻫﻭ ﺓﻭﻼﻋ ﺓﻭﺭﺠ ﺒ ﻲ : ﻓﺃ ﻊﻤ ﺀﺎﻘﻝ ، ﺭﻭﺒﺼﻝﺍ ﺩﺒﻋ ﺭﺎﻜ ﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﻉ ﻲﻋﻭﺒﺴﻷﺍ ﺩﻫﺎ 572 ) 8 -8 -1971 .( ﺹ 26 . ﻥﻋﻼﻘﻨ ﻪﺴﻔﻨ ﻊﺠﺭﻤﻝﺍ : ،ﺹ 169 .
ﻕﺭﺸﻤﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻠﻜﺃ ﺕﺘﺁ ﺩﻗ ﺙﻴﺤ ﻥﻭﻌﻠﻁﺘﻴ ﺍﻭﻘﻠﻁﻨﺎﻓ ،ﺭﺎﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﺎﻓﺭﻁﻝﺍ ﻊﺠﺍﺭ ﻲﻋﻭﻭ ﻡﻬﻨﺒ ﺍﻭﻨﺎﻜ ﻡﻬﻨﺃ ﺎﻀﻴﺃ ﺍﻭﻜﺭﺩﺃ ﺎﻤﻜ ،ﺭﺼﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺓﺩﻴﺠﻝﺍ ﺝﺫﺎﻤﻨﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻥﻴﺭﻴﺒﻜ ﺌﺍﺯﺠ ﺡﻭﺭﺒ ﺔﻴﻗﺭﺸﻤ ﺝﺫﺎﻤﻨ ﻥﻭﻜﺎﺤﻴ لﻭﻘﻴ ،ﺔﻴﺭ " ﺩﺩﺼﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻲﻓ ﻲﻠﻴﺘﺯﻝﺍ ﺩﻤﺤﻤ : ﺎﻨﻨﺃ ﻭﺩﺒﻴ ﻨﻴﻌﺒﺴﻝﺍ ﺫﻨﻤ ﻴ ﺎﻴﺒﺭﻋ ﺎﻴﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠ ﺍﺭﻌﺸ ﺏﺘﻜﻨ ﻡﻝﻭ ،ﺎﻴﺒﺭﻋ ﺍﺭﻌﺸ ﺎﻨﺒﺘﻜ ﺹﻭﺼﺨﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺕﺎ ... ﻥﺁ ﺍ ﻭﺫﺠﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ ﺙﺤﺒﻠﻝ ﻥﺍﻭﻷ ﻨ ﻰﺘﺤ ﺔﻴﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺎﻨﺘﻤﻠﻜﻝ ﺔﻴﻘﻴﻘﺤﻝﺍ ﺭ ﺭ ﻡﺸ ﻥﻁﻭﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺔﺒﺭﺘ ﺔﺤﺌﺍ ﻰﺘﺄﺘﻴ ﻻ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻪﺜﺍﺭﺘﻭ ،ﺏﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺔﻓﺎﻘﺜ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺓﺩﻭﻌﻝﺎﺒ ﻻﺇ ﻡﻬﻔﻝﺍ ﻕﻴﺭﻁ ﻥﻋ لﻴﺼﻷﺍ ﺏﺎﻌﻴﺘﺴﻻﺍﻭ " 1 . ﺓﺭﺘﻓ ﻥﻋ ﺙﻴﺩﺤﻝﺍ ﻡﻀﺨ ﻲﻓﻭ ،ﺎﻨﻫ ﺓﺭﺎﺸﻹﺍ ﺭﺩﺠﺘﻭ ﻝﺍ ﻨﻴﻌﺒﺴ ﻴ ﺜﻜﻝﺍ ﻙﺎﻨﻫ ﻥﺃ ﺕﺎ ﻥﻤ ﺭﻴ ﺙﺍﺭﺘﻠﻝ ﺔﻀﻫﺎﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺒﺎﺘﻜﻝﺍ ﻲﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﻤ ﻥﻤ ﻊﺒﻨﺘ ﻌ ﹺﻥﻴ ﺩﻗﻭ ،ﺔﻴﺴﻜﺭﺎﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻋﺯﻨﻝﺍ ﻌﻓﺩ ﺕ ﺒ ﺽﻌﺒ ﻭﺤﻨ ﺭﻅﻨﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺀﺍﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ " ﻤ ﺭﻴﻏ ﺔﻘﻴﻀ ﺓﺭﻅﻨ ﻥﻴﺩﻝﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺙﺍﺭﺘﻝﺎﺒ ﺔﻗﻼﻋ ﻪﻝﺎﻤ لﻜ ﺔﻴﻋﻭﻀﻭ ﺎﻴﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠ ﻡﺃ ﻥﺎﻜ ﺎﻴﺒﺭﻋ ﻡﻴﺩﻘﻝﺍ ﺙﺍﺭﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ لﺎﺼﻔﻨﻻﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺔﺤﺍﺭﺼ ﻭﻋﺩﻴ ﻡﻬﻀﻌﺒ ﺡﺍﺭﻭ ﺭﺼﻌﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺒﻠﻁﺘﻤ ﻊﻤ ﻪﻴﺸﺎﻤﺘ ﻡﺩﻋ ﻯﻭﻋﺩﺒ " 2 . ﺍﺫﻬﻝ ﻥﺎﻜ ﺩﻗﻭ ﻑﻗﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﺜﺄﺘ ﻥﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻲﻨﻔﻝﺍ ﻯﻭﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻱﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ . ﻪﻴﻝﺇ ﺓﺩﻭﻌﻝﺍ ﺭﺨﻵﺍ ﺽﻌﺒﻝﺍ لﻀﻓ ﺎﻤﻨﻴﺒ ﻙﻝﺫ ﻥﻤ ﻱﺭﺎﻤﻐﻝﺍ ﻰﻔﻁﺼﻤ ، ﻥﻤ ﻭﻬﻓ ﺩﻭﺠﻭ ﻥﻴﺫﻝﺍ ﺭﺼﻤ ﻭﺃ ﺭﺼﻋ ﻱﺃ ﻲﻓ ﺭﻋﺎﺸﻠﻝ ﺹﺎﻨﻤ ﻻ ﻪﻨﺃ ﺍﻭ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻨﺎﻌﺘﺴﻻﺍ ﺔﺼﺎﺨ ﻪﺜﺍﺭﺘﺒ ﻲﻨﻴﺩﻝﺍ ﻲﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﻭﺃ ﻭﺫ ﺍ ﺎﺠﺘﻻ ﻩ ﻲﻨﻴﺩﻝﺍ ﻷﺍ ﻥﻋ ﺭﻴﺒﻌﺘﻠﻝ ﻪﺘﺍﺫ ﻲﻓ ﺞﻠﺘﺨﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﻯﺅﺭﻝﺍﻭ ﺭﺎﻜﻓ ،ﺎﻬﻨﻋ ﻉﺎﻓﺩﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺏﻏﺭﻴﻓ ﻪﻴﻓ ﺭﺜﺅﺘﻭ ﺔﺘﺎﻤﺘﺴﻻﺍﻭ ﺎﻬﻠﺠﺃ ﻥﻤ . ﻲﻓ ﺄﺠﻝ ﻥﺃ ﻻﺇ ﻪﻨﻤ ﻥﺎﻜ ﺎﻤﻓ ﻪﻨﺍﻭﻴﺩ " ﺔﺒﺭﻐﻝﺍ ﺭﺍﺭﺴﺃ " ﺏﺎﻁﺨﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺘﻤﻴ ﻲﻤﻼﺴﻹﺍﻭ ﻲﻓﻭﺼﻝﺍ ﺕﻘﻝﺎﻌﺘﻓ ،ﺎﻤﻬﻨﻴﻌﻤ ﻥﻤ ﺢ ﻪﺼﻭﺼﻨ ﺎﻤﻬﻌﻤ . ﻥﺍﻭﻴﺩﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺔﺒﺭﺎﻘﻤ لﺒﻗﻭ ﻋ ﻑﺸﻜﻝﺍﻭ ﻩﺩﺌﺎﺼﻗ ﻥﻴﺒ ﻲﺼﻨﻝﺍ ﻕﻠﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﻥ ﻡﻬﻓ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺓﺭﺎﺸﻹﺍ ﺭﺩﺠﺘ ،ﻲﻤﻼﺴﻹﺍﻭ ﻲﻓﻭﺼﻝﺍ ﺏﺎﻁﺨﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻫﺎﻤ " ﺹﺎﻨﺘﻝﺍ " ﺔﻓﺭﻌﻤﻭ ﻀﺭﻷﺍ ﺔﻴ ﻕﺜﺒﻨﺍ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺩﺎﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﻡﻫﺃﻭ ﺎﻬﻨﻤ ﻪﺘﺭﻭﻠﺒ ﻲﻓ ﺍﻭﻤﻫﺎﺴ ﻥﻴﺫﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺜﺩﺤﻤﻝﺍ . 1 ﺔﻤﻴﻫ ﺩﻴﻤﺤﻝﺍ ﺩﺒﻋ : ﺭﺼﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻱﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﻨﻔﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﻭﺼﻝﺍ ﺭﻌﺸ ﺎﺠﺫﻭﻤﻨ ﺕﺎﻨﻴﻌﺒﺴﻝﺍ ﺔﻝﺎﺴﺭ ،ﺭﻴﺘﺴﺠﺎﻤ ﻁﻭﻁﺨﻤ ،ﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﺔﻌﻤﺎﺠ 1995 ﺹ، 20 . 2 ﻤ ﺭﺼﺎﻨ ﺩﻤﺤ : ﺙﻴﺩﺤﻝﺍ ﻱﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ) ﺘﺎﻫﺎﺠﺘﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﻔﻝﺍ ﻪﺼﺌﺎﺼﺨﻭ ﻪ 1925 -1975 ( ، ﺹ 173 .
لﻭﻷﺍ لﺼﻔﻝﺍ
ﺹﺎﻨﺘﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﺭﻅﻨ ﺕﺎﺒﺭﺎﻘﻤ
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ﻲﻓﺭﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺀﺎﻨﺒﻝﺍ
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ﺔﻴﺒﺭﻐﻝﺍ ﻡﺠﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ
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ﺔﻴﺒﺭﻐﻝﺍ ﻡﺠﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ
ﺎﻴﻨﺎﺜ
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ﻩﺭﻭﻁﺘﻭ ﻩﺭﻭﻬﻅ
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ﻲﺒﺭﻐﻝﺍ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ
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ﻲﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ
ﺎﺜﻝﺎﺜ
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ﻪﺘﻻﺎﺠﻤ
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ﺃ
-ﺍ
ﺦﻴﺭﺎﺘﻝ
ﺏ
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ﺓﺭﻭﻁﺴﻷﺍ
ﺝ
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ﺏﺩﻷﺍ
ﺩ
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ﻴﺩﻝﺍ
ـ
ﻥ
ﺎﻌﺒﺍﺭ
-ﻪﻔﺌﺎﻅﻭ
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ﻻﻭﺃ
-ﻲﻓﺭﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺀﺎﻨﺒﻝﺍ
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ﺕﺎﺤﻠﻁﺼﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﻴﻫﺎﻔﻤ ﻁﺒﻀ ﻥﺇ لﻜ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻬﺘﺩﺠ ،ﺎﻬﻋﻭﻨ ﻑﻼﺘﺨﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺙﻭﺤﺒﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻠﻌﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺠﻬﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﻭﺭﻀﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺩﻌﻴ ﺎﻬﻤﺩﻗﻭ " لﺠﺴﻝﺍ ﻥﻷ ﻲﺤﻼﻁﺼﻻﺍ ﻉﺭﻓ لﻜ ﻲﻓ ﻑﺸﻜﻝﺍ ﻭﻫ ﻡﻭﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺍ ﻲﻤﻭﻬﻔﻤﻝ ﻭﺩﻐﻴ ﺙﻴﺤﺒ ﻲﻘﻁﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺠﺎﻴﺴ ﺔﻴﻋﻭﻨﻝﺍ ﺔﻓﺭﻌﻤﻠﻝ ﻡﻴﻘﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻘﺴﻨ ﺏﺭﻁﻀﺍ ﻰﺘﻤ ﻪﺘﺎﺴﺎﻴﻗ ﺔﻴﻨﺒﻝ ﺔﻘﺒﺎﻁﻤ ﺓﺭﻭﺼ ﻡﻭﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﺏﻭﺭﻀ لﻜﻝ ﺢﻠﻁﺼﻤﻝﺍ ﺯﺎﻬﺠ ﺎﻬﻤﺎﻅﻨ لﺘﺨﺍ " 1 . ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤ ﻁﺒﻀﺒ ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ ﺃﺩﺒﻴﺴ ﺱﺎﺴﻷﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻰﻠﻋﻭ ﺭﻴﺨﻷﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻥﺃﻭ ﺔﺼﺎﺨ ،ﺹﺎﻨﺘﻝﺍ ﻯﺭﺨﺃ ﺕﺎﺤﻠﻁﺼﻤ ﻊﻤ ﻙﺒﺎﺸﺘﻴﻭ ﻊﻁﺎﻘﺘﻴ ﺎﻜ ﻥﻴﻤﻀﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻗﺭﺴﻝﺍﻭ ، ﺭﺩﺎﺼﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻭ ﺔﻴﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺎﻫﺭﻴﻏﻭ ... ﻭ ﺔﻴﺒﺭﻐﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺒﺩﻷﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻭﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﻡﺠﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻗﻼﻁﻨﻻﺍ ﻥﻭﻜﺘﺴ .
ﺃ
ﺔﻴﺒﺭﻐﻝﺍ ﻡﺠﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ
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ﺍ ﺹﺎﻨﺘﻝ L’intertextualité " ﻕﺘﺸﺍ ﺎﻤﻨﺇ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﺢﻠﻁﺼﻤ ﻥﻤ Texte " 2 ﻉﻭﻤﺠﻤ ﻲﻨﻌﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻷﺍ ﻅﺎﻔﻝ ، ،ﺭﻴﺭﺤﺘﻝ ﺔﻨﻭﻜﻤﻝﺍ لﻤﺠﻝﺍ لﻤﻌﻝ ﻲﻋﺍﺩﺒﺇ 3 . ﺔﻘﺜﺒﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻗﺎﻘﺘﺸﻻﺍ ﺽﻌﺒ ﻰﺘﺤﻭ ﻪﻨﻋ ﻪﺴﻔﻨ ﻰﻨﻌﻤﻝﺍ لﻤﺤﺘ ﺔﻤﻠﻜ ﻙﻝﺫ ﻥﻤ ﻲﺼﻨ Textuel . ﺔﻤﻠﻜ ﺎﻬﻴﻠﻋ ﺕﻔﻴﻀﺃ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ Inter ﺍﺩ ﻰﻨﻌﻤﺒ لﺨ 4 . ﺹﺎﻨﺘﻝﺎﺒ ﺩﻭﺼﻘﻤﻝﺍﻭ . Intertextualité ﺔﻴﺴﻨﺭﻔﻝﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ : ﻉﻭﻤﺠﻤ ﺕﺎﻗﻼﻋ ،ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﻭ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﺹﺨﻷﺎﺒ ﻲﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﻯﺭﺨﺃ ﺹﻭﺼﻨ ﻭﺃ ﺹﻨ ﻊﻤ ﺭﺩﻘﺒ ﻪﻋﺍﺩﺒﺇ ﻯﻭﺘﺴﻤ ) لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﺱﺎﺒﺘﻗﻻﺍ ﺎﺤﺘﻨﻻﺍ ، ل ﻴﻤﻠﺘﻝﺍ ، ﺢ ﻀﺭﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ، ﺔ ... ﺦﻝﺍ ( ﻯﻭﺘﺴﻤ ﻲﻓﻭ ﺍﺭﻗ ﺉﺭﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻴﺭﺠﻴ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺒﺭﺎﻘﻤﻝﺎﺒ ﻪﻤﻬﻓﻭ ﻪﺘﺀ . 5 1 ﻱﺩﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﻼﺴﻝﺍ ﺩﺒﻋ : ﻊﻴﺯﻭﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺭﺸﻨﻠﻝ ﻡﻴﺭﻜﻝﺍ ﺩﺒﻋ ﺕﺎﺴﺴﺅﻤ ،ﻱﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺢﻠﻁﺼﻤﻝﺍ ﻨﻭﺘ ، ﺱ ﺕ ﺩ،ﻁ ﺩ، ، ﺹ 11 . ﺭﻤﺤﻷﺍ لﺼﻴﻓ : ﺹ،ﺕ ﺩ ،ﻁ ﺩ ،ﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ، ﻥﻭﺭﺸﺎﻨ ﻡﻭﻠﻌﻠﻝ ﺔﻴﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺭﺍﺩﻝﺍ ، ﺕﺎﻴﺌﺎﻴﻤﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﻡﺠﻌﻤ 14 . 2
3 Texte «… les termes, des phrases qui constituent un écrit, ou une œuvre.» . Marie – Hélène Drivaud
Daniel Morvan .Le robert micro(dictionnaire de la langue Française) Montréal ,Canada,1998 ,p 1321 .
4 ﺭﻅﻨﻴ : ﺭﺎﺘﺨﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻨﻴﺴﺤ : ﺞﻤ ،ﻲﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺕﺎﻤﻼﻋ ﺔﻠﺠﻤ،ﺹﺎﻨﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺠﻴﺘﺍﺭﺘﺴﺇ 12 ﺝ، 46 لﺍﻭﺸ ،ﺓﺩﺠ، 1423 ـﻫ _ ﺭﺒﻤﺴﻴﺩ 2002 ﺹ، 314 . 5
Intertextualité « ensembles des relations qu’un texte et notamment un texte littéraire entretient avec un autre ou avec d’autres tant au plan de sa création (par la citation, le plagiat, le pastiche, etc.…) qu’au plan de sa lecteur et de sa compréhension par les rapprochements qu’opère le lecteur » . Josette Rey- Debove et Alain Rey :Le petit Robert (dictionnaire de la langue Française) ,Paris 2001, p555,556.
،ﺉﺭﺎﻘﻝﺍ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﺱﺴﺄﺘﺘ ﺔﻗﻼﻋ ﻯﺭﺨﺃ ﺹﻭﺼﻨﻭ ﻲﺒﺩﺃ ﺹﻨ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺩﻗﺎﻨﻝﺍ ﻭﺃ لﻤﺤﺘ ﻪﺴﻔﻨ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﻰﻨﻌﻤ . 1 ﺩﻗﻭ ﻋ ﺭ ﹶﻑ ﺹﺎﻨﺘﻝﺍ ﻴﺠ ﺭﺍﺭﻴﺠ ﻑﺭﻁ ﻥﻤ ﺕﻴﻨ ﺹﻨﻝ ﻲﻠﻌﻓ ﺭﻭﻀﺤﻝ ﺓﺭﺎﺸﺈﻜ ، لﺨﺍﺩ ﺭﺨﺁ ﺹﻨ ) ،لﺎﺤﺘﻨﻻﺍ ،ﺢﻴﻤﻠﺘﻝﺍ ،ﺱﺎﺒﺘﻗﻻﺍ ... ﺦﻝﺍ .( 2 ﻲﻓ ﺩﺭﻭ ﺩﻗﻭ ﻲﻝﺎﺘﻝﺎﻜ ﺔﻴﺯﻴﻠﺠﻨﻹﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﻡﺠﺎﻌﻤ : .3ﺔﻴﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺹﻭﺼﻨﻝﺍ ﺔﺼﺎﺨﻭ،ﺹﻭﺼﻨﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﻁﺒﺭﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻗﻼﻌﻝﺍ ﻭﻫ ﺹﺎﻨﺘﻝﺍ ﻙﻝﺫﻜ ﻭﻫﻭ : ﺔﻴﺭﺎﺸﺇ ﺔﻤﻅﻨﺃ ﺓﺩﻋ ﻭﺃ،ﻡﺎﻅﻨ لﻴﻭﺤﺘ ﻰﻝﺇ لﻴﺤﻴ ﺹﺎﻨﺘﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻥﻜﻝ،ﻯﺭﺨﺃ ﻭﺤﻨ ﺭﺩﺎﺼﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﺒ ﻁﺒﺘﺭﻴ ﻻ ﺭﻤﻷﺍ . 4 ﺘﻝﺍ ﺢﻠﻁﺼﻤ ﻥﺃ ﻅﺤﻠﻨ ﻕﺒﺴ ﺎﻤ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﻨ ﻔﻝﺍ ،ﺔﻴﺒﺭﻐﻝﺍ ﻡﺠﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺹﺎ ﺔﻴﺴﻨﺭ ﺔﻤﻠﻜ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺏﻭﺅﻴ ﺔﻴﺯﻴﻠﺠﻨﻹﺍﻭ ﺹﻨ . ﺒ ﺩﻭﺼﻘﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺹﺎﻨﺘﻝﺎ ﻡﺠﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻲﻓ – ﺎﻬﻓﻼﺘﺨﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺭﻴﺴﻴﻝﺍ -لﺨﺍﺩﺘ ﺓﺭﻫﺎﻅ ﻭﻫ ﺹﻭﺼﻨﻭ ،ﻲﺒﺩﺃ ﺹﻨ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺙﺩﺤﺘ ﻙﺒﺎﺸﺘﻭ ﺭﻌﺸ ﻯﺭﺨﺃ ﺔﻴ ﻭﺃ ﺓﺭﺼﺎﻌﻤ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻤﻴﺩﻗ ،ﺔﻴﺭﺜﻨ ﺕﺎﻴﻝﺁ ﺓﺩﻋ لﻀﻔﺒ ﺱﺎﺒﺘﻗﻻﺍ ﻭﺃ ،لﻴﻭﺤﺘﻝﺎﻜ ﺔﻀﺭﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍﻭﺃ . . ،ﺎﻫﺭﻴﻏﻭ ﻑﺸﻜﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻡﻬﻤ ﺭﻭﺩ ﺩﻗﺎﻨﻝﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺉﺭﺎﻘﻠﻝﻭ ﺎﺸﺘﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻥﻋ ﺎﻤﻬﻨﻴﺒ ﻙﺒ ﺹﻭﺼﻨﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺎﻤﺌﺍﺩ ﻼﺼﺍﻭﺘ ﺱﻜﻌﻴ لﺨﺍﺩﺘﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻥﺃ ﺎﻤﻜ . ﺹﺎﻨﺘﻝﺍ ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤ ﻥﺎﻜ ﺍﺫﺇﻭ ﺠﻷﺍ ﻥﻴﺘﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺘﺎﻫ ﻲﻓ ﻰﻨﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺭﻘﺘﺴﺍ ﺩﻗ ﻥﻴﺘﻴﺒﻨ ؟ﺔﻴﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﻡﺠﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺩﺭﺍﻭ ﻭﻫ ﺎﻤ ﻊﻤ لﺜﺎﻤﺘﻴ لﻬﻓ
1«Relation établie par le lecteur ou le critique entre un texte littéraire et d’autres textes et d’où procède le sens
du texte. » . Inexlenso, Grand Usuel La rousse, Printed in France, P 3906.
2 « Le terme est définit par Gérard Genette comme désignant la présence effective d’un texte dans un autre
(citation, allusion, plagiat,…etc.) ».Frank neveu. Arman colin : Dictionnaire Des sciences Du langages,
Paris, 2004,p 168.
3 Intersexuality « the relationship between texts especially literary texts » Oxford Advanced Learner’s
Dictionary ,Oxford university press, 7 th edition ,p 814.
4« Denotes a transposition of one or several sign systems into another or other, but this not connected with
the study of sources» :J A Cuddon : Dictionary Of literary Terms and literary theory, Third edition printed in
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-ﺔﻴﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﻡﺠﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ
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ﺓﺩﺎﻤﻝ ﺔﻴﻭﻐﻝ ﻥﺎﻌﻤ ﺓﺩﻋ ﺔﻴﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﻡﺠﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺎﻨﻝ ﻡﺩﻘﺘ " ﺹﻨ " ﻲﻬﻓ : " ﻉﺎﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺹﻨ ﺼﻨ ﺎ : ﺽﻌﺒ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻪﻀﻌﺒ لﻌﺠ (...) ﻑﻴﻗﻭﺘﻝﺍ ﺹﻨﻝﺍﻭ ، ﺹﻨﻝﺍﻭ ﻪﺘﺩﺸ ﺭﻤﻷﺍ ﺹﻨﻭ ،ﺎﻤ ﺀﻲﺸ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻥﻴﻴﻌﺘﻝﺍ (...) ﺹﻨﻭ ﹰﺎﺼﻨ لﺠﺭﻝﺍ ، ﺀﻲﺸ ﻥﻋ ﻪﻝﺄﺴ ﺍﺫﺇ ﻩﺎﻬﺘﻨﻤ ﺀﻲﺸ لﻜ ﺹﻨﻭ ،ﻩﺩﻨﻋ ﺎﻤ ﻲﺼﻘﺘﺴﻴ ﻰﺘﺤ " 1 ﻭ ..." ﺎﻤ ﻱﺃ ﺔﻨﺴﻝﺍ ﺹﻨﻭ ﻥﺁﺭﻘﻝﺍ ﺹﻨ ﻡﺎﻜﺤﻷﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﺎﻬﻅﻔﻝ ﺭﻫﺎﻅ لﺩ " 2 ﻭ " ﹼﺘﻝﺍ ﻡﻭﻘﻝﺍ ﻡﺎﺤﺩﺯﺍ ﺹﺎﻨ " 3 ﻭ ..." ﺼﻨ ﺹ ﻪﻤﻴﺭﻏ ﺼﺎﻨﻭ ﻪ : ﻪﺸﻗﺎﻨﻭ ،ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﻰﺼﻘﺘﺴﺍ " 4 . ﻲﻨﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻅﺤﻼﻴ ﺎﻤﻭ ﺤﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ لﺨﺍﺩﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺏﺭﺎﻘﺘﻝﺍ ﻭﻫ ﺴ ﻭ ﺱ ﻱﺩﺎﻤﻝﺍ ﺩﺭﺠﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺭﻴﻏ ﺔﻴﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺔﺤﺎﺴﻝﺎﺒ لﺼﺘﻴ ﺎﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ لﻤﺘﺸﺘ ﻻ ﺎﻬﻨﺃ ﺎﻤﻜ ﻱﻭﻨﻌﻤﻝﺍ " ﻌﺒﺎﺘﻤ ﻕﻴﺭﻁ ﻥﻋ ﻙﻝﺫﻭ ،ﻪﺒﺤﺎﺼ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺙﻴﺩﺤﻝﺍ ﺔﺒﺴﻨﻭ ﻕﻴﺜﻭﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﺔ ﺏﺤﺎﺼ ﺩﻨﻋ ﺎﻤ ﻩﺎﻬﺘﻨﻤ ﻍﻭﻠﺒ ﻰﺘﺤ ﻩﺭﺼﺎﻨﻋ ﺝﺍﺭﺨﺘﺴﻻ ﺙﻴﺩﺤﻝﺍ " 5 . ﻡﺜ ﻥﻤﻭ ﻡﺠﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻪﻤﺩﻘﺘ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻰﻨﻌﻤﻝﺎﻓ ﺔﻤﻠﻜﻝ ﺔﻴﺒﺭﻐﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻭﻐﻠﻝﺍ " ﺹﻨ " ﻰﻝﺇ ﺎﻬﺘﻝﻻﺩ ﺕﺭﻭﻁﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ " ﺹﻭﺼﻨﻝﺍ لﺨﺍﺩﺘ " ﺕﻘﺒﺴ ﺎﻤﻜ ﻑﻠﺘﺨﻴ ،ﺓﺭﺎﺸﻹﺍ ﻋ ﺔﻴﻭﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﻡﺠﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺩﺭﺍﻭ ﻭﻫ ﺎﻤ ﺔﻴﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﻴﺩﻘﻝﺍ ، ﻪﻨﺃ ﺭﻴﻏ ﻊﻤ لﺜﺎﻤﺘﻴ ﺔﻴﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﻡﺠﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﺜﻴﺩﺤﻝﺍ ﺎﻫﺩﻨﻋ ﻭﻬﻓ " ﺩﻷﺍ لﺎﺠﻤ ﻲﻓ ﻲﻠﺼﺃ ﺩﻭﺠﻭ ﻰﻠﻋ لﺩﻴ ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤ ﺏ ﻭﺃ ﺍﺭﺸﺎﺒﻤ ﺍﺭﻴﺜﺄﺘ ﺕﺴﺭﺎﻤ ﺩﻗ ،ﺹﻭﺼﻨﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻥﺃﻭ ،ﺹﻭﺼﻨﺒ ﺔﻗﻼﻋ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻡﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﻭﺃ ،ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﻲﻠﺼﻷﺍ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺭﺸﺎﺒﻤ ﺭﻴﻏ ﻭﺃ ﻥﻤﺯﻝﺍ ﺭﺒﻋ " 6 ﻙﻝﺫﻜ ﻭﻫﻭ " ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺯﻴﻤﻤ ﺩﺤﺃ ﺎﻬﻝ ﺓﺭﺼﺎﻌﻤ ﻭﺃ ﺎﻬﻨﻋ ﺔﻘﺒﺎﺴ ﻯﺭﺨﺃ ﺹﻭﺼﻨ ﻰﻠﻋ لﻴﺤﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺴﺎﺴﻷﺍ ." 7 1 ﺭﻭﻅﻨﻤ ﻥﺒﺍ ﻥﻴﺩﻝﺍ لﺎﻤﺠ : ﺓﺩﺎﻤ ،ﺏﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﻥﺎﺴﻝ ) ﺹﻨ ( ﺞﻤ ﻥﺎﻨﺒﻝ، ﺕﻭﺭﻴﺒ،ﺔﻴﻤﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﺏﺘﻜﻝﺍ ﺭﺍﺩ، 7 ﻁ ، 1 ، 2003 ﺹ، 109 . 2 ﺹ ،ﻪﺴﻔﻨ ﻊﺠﺭﻤﻝﺍ 110 . 3 ﺎﻀﺭ ﺩﻤﺤﺃ : ،ﺕﻭﺭﻴﺒ ،ﺓﺎﻴﺤﻝﺍ ﺔﺒﺘﻜﻤ ﺭﺍﺩ ﺕﺍﺭﻭﺸﻨﻤ ،ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﻥﺘﻤ ﻡﺠﻌﻤ 1960 ﺹ ، 472 . 4 ﻱﺩﺎﺒﺁ ﺯﻭﺭﻴﻔﻝﺍ ﺏﻭﻘﻌﻴ ﻥﺒ ﺩﻤﺤﻤ ﻥﻴﺩﻝﺍ ﺩﺠﻤ : ﺓﺩﺎﻤ ،ﻁﻴﺤﻤﻝﺍ ﺱﻭﻤﺎﻘﻝﺍ ) ﺹﺼﻨ ( ﺎﻓﻭﻝﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺦﻴﺸﻝﺍ ﻪﻴﺸﺍﻭﺤ ﻕﻠﻋﻭ ﻪﻝ ﻡﺩﻗ، ﻁ،ﻥﺎﻨﺒﻝ ،ﺕﻭﺭﻴﺒ ،ﺔﻴﻤﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﺏﺘﻜﻝﺍ ﺭﺍﺩ ،ﻲﻌﻓﺎﺸﻝﺍ ﻱﺭﺼﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻨﻴﺭﻭﻬﻝﺍ ﺭﺼﻨ 2 ، 2007 ﺹ ، 655 . 5 ﺏﻠﻁﻤﻝﺍ ﺩﺒﻋ ﺩﻤﺤﻤ : ﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﻁﻭﻝﺍ ﺔﻜﺭﺸﻝﺍ ،ﻲﻨﺎﺠﺭﺠﻝﺍ ﺭﻫﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﺩﺒﻋ ﺩﻨﻋ ﺔﺜﺍﺩﺤﻝﺍ ﺎﻴﺎﻀﻗ ﻁ ،ﻥﺎﻤﺠﻨﻭﻝ ﺭﺸﻨﻠﻝ ﺔﻴﻤﻝ 1 1995 ، ﺹ 136 . 6 ﺭﻤﺤﻷﺍ لﺼﻴﻓ : ،ﺕﺎﻴﺌ ﺎﻴﻤﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﻡﺠﻌﻤ ﺹ 142 . 7 ﻋ ﺩﻴﻌﺴ ﺵﻭﻠ : ﺔﻴﺒﻭﻠﺴﻷﺍ ﺕﺎﺤﻠﻁﺼﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﺠﻌﻤ ،ﺕﻭﺭﻴﺒ ،ﻲﻨﺎﻨﺒﻠﻝﺍ ﺏﺎﺘﻜﻝﺍ ﺭﺍﺩ، 1985 ﺹ ، 215 .
لﺅﺎﺴﺘﻝﺍ ﺎﻨﻝ ﺯﺎﺠ ﺍﺫﺇﻭ ﻴﻜ ،ﺎﻨﻫ ﻑ ﻲﻓ ﻑﻠﺘﺨﻴ ﻥﺃ ﺓﺩﺤﺍﻭ ﺔﻐﻴﺼﺒ ﺢﻠﻁﺼﻤﻝ ﻥﻜﻤﻴ ﺔﻴﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﻡﺠﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻕﺒﺎﻁﺘﻴ ﺎﻤﻨﻴﺒ ،ﻪﻝ ﻲﺒﺭﻐﻝﺍ ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤﻝﺍ ﻊﻤ ﺔﻴﺜﺍﺭﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻭﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﻡﺠﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﺜﻴﺩﺤﻝﺍ ؟ﻪﻌﻤ ﻡﺃ ؟ﺔﻴﺒﺭﻐﻝﺍ ﺔﻓﺎﻘﺜﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺙﺩﺤ ﺎﻤﻜ ﻪﺘﻝﻻﺩ ﺕﺭﻭﻁﺘ لﻫ ﻪﻨﺃ ؟ﺎﻬﻨﻋ ﺎﻴﻓﺭﺤ لﻘﻨ لﻠﻌﺘ " ﺩﻤﺤﻷﺍ لﺼﻴﻓ ﺔﻠﻬﻨ " ﻑﻼﺘﺨﻻﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ، ﻥﻭﻜﺒ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻴﻝﻻﺩ ﺭﻭﻁﺘ ﺢﻠﻁﺼﻤﻝﺍ لﻭﺼﻷﺍ ﻡﻠﻋ لﺎﺠﻤ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺔﻘﺒﺎﺴﻝﺍ ﻲﻨﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ، لﻴﻭﺄﺘﻝﺍ لﻤﺘﺤﻴ ﻻ ﺎﻤ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﻯﺭﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ، ﻱﺃ ﺏﺴﺘﻜﻴ ﻻ ﺎﻤ ﻻﺇ ﺍﺩﺤﺍﻭ ﻰﻨﻌﻤ . ﻡﻴﺩﻘﻝﺍ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺕﺎﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ لﻘﺘﻨﺍ ﻡﺜ . ﺍﺫﻫ ﻕﻠﻁﻴﻝ ﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺢﻠﻁﺼﻤﻝﺍ ﺙﻴﺩﺤﻝﺍ ﺩﻘﻨﻝ ﺓﺭﻫﺎﻅ ﻰﻠﻋ " ﺎﻨﺘﻝﺍ ﺹ " ﺘﻓ لﻭﻘ " : ﺍﺫﻫ ﺎﻨﻌﻓﺩﻴ ﺕﺒﻠﻝ ﺝﺎﺘﻨﺘﺴﻻﺍ ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤ ﻥﺃ ﺔﻴﻌﻁﻘﺒﻭ " ﺹﻨ " ﻲﺒﻨﺠﺃ ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤ ،ﺔﻴﻝﺎﺤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻪﻴﻠﻋ لﻐﺘﺸﺘ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻋ ﺢﻠﻁﺼﻤﻝ ّﺭ ﺏ ﺄﻁﺨ " 1 . ﺎﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻡﻫﺭﻭﺜﻋ ﻡﺩﻌﻝ ﻙﻝﺫﻭ ﻪﻘﺒﺎﻁﻴ ﺔﻴﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ . ﺭﻴﻏ ﻨﻫ ﻥﺃ ﻩﺍﺭﺘ ﺎﻤ ﺱﻜﻋ ﻯﺭﻴ ﻥﻤ ﻙﺎ ﻬﻨ ﻥﻋ ﺫﻭﺨﺄﻤ ﺢﻠﻁﺼﻤﻝﺎﻓ ،ﺩﻤﺤﻷﺍ لﺼﻴﻓ ﺔﻠ ﺭﺫﺠﻝﺍ ﺓﺩﺎﻤ ﻭﺃ ) ﺹﻨ ( ﻭﺃ ) ﺼﻨ ﺹ ( ﻥﻤ ﻡﻜﺍﺭﺘﻝﺍ ﺡﺍﺯﻨﺎﻓ ،ﻉﺎﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﻜﺍﺭﺘ ﺎﻬﻴﻨﺎﻌﻤ ﻥﻤ ﻲﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﻡﻜﺍﺭﺘ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻉﺎﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺍﺩﻴﺩﺠ ﺎﺼﻨ ﻕﻠﺨﺘﻝ ﺎﻬﻨﻴﺒ ﺎﻤﻴﻓ لﻋﺎﻔﺘﺘﻓ ،ﺩﺤﺍﻭ ﺹﻨ لﺨﺍﺩ ﺹﻭﺼﻨﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ 2 . ﻡﺜ ﻥﻤﻭ ﺹﺎﻨﺘﻝﺍ ﺢﻠﻁﺼﻤﻓ ﺡﺍﺯﻨﺍ ﺔﻴﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﻡﺠﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻤ لﻴﺤﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻠﺼﻷﺍ ﺔﻝﻻﺩﻝﺍ ﻥ ﻠﻋ ﻰ ﺔﻔﻠﺘﺨﻤ ﻥﺎﻌﻤ ، لﻋﺎﻔﺘ ﺓﺭﻫﺎﻅ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻝﻻﺩﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺎﻬﻨﻴﺒ ﺎﻤﻴﻓ ﺹﻭﺼﻨﻝﺍ . ﺢﻠﻁﺼﻤ ﻥﺫﺇ ﺹﺎﻨﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻔﻠﺘﺨﻤ ﺹﻭﺼﻨﻭ ﺹﻨ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺙﺩﺤﺘ ﺓﺭﻫﺎﻅ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺭﻴﺸﻴ ، ﻕﻠﻌﺘﺘ ﺓﺭﻜﺍﺫ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻘﻝﺎﻋ ﻥﻭﻜﺘ ﺹﻭﺼﻨﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ،ﺕﺎﻴﻝﺁ ﺓﺩﻋ ﺔﻁﺴﺍﻭﺒ ﺎﻬﻨﻤ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺓﺩﺎﻔﺘﺴﺎﺒ ﻉﺩﺒﻤﻝﺍ ﻪﻴﻋﻭ ﻻ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﻔﺨﺘﻤ ﻭﺃ ﺴﻴ ﻻﻭ ،ﺩﻴﺩﺠﻝﺍ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺭﻬﻅﺘ لﻜ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻬﻓﺎﺸﺘﻜﺍ ﻊﻴﻁﺘ ﻻﺇ ﻥﺎﻴﺤﻷﺍ ﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺉﺭﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻋﻭﺴﻭﻤ ﺔﻓﺎﻘﺜ ﻙﻠﻤ . ﺩﻗﻭ ﺢﻠﻁﺼﻤﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺢﺒﺼﺃ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺭﺼﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺙﻴﺩﺤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻤﺎﻫ ﺔﻴﺌﺍﺭﺠﺇ ﺓﺍﺩﺃ ﻝﺍ ﻑﺸﻜ ﻥﻋ ﻭﻨﻜﻭ ﺭﺍﺭﺴﺃ ﺯ ﺔﺒﺭﺠﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻋﺍﺩﺒﻹﺍ . 1 ﺩﻤﺤﻷﺍ لﺼﻴﻓ ﺔﻠﻬﻨ : ﺔﻴّﺼﺎﻨﺘﻝﺍ -ﺞﻬﻨﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺭﻅﻨﻝﺍ ، ﻭﻴ ،ﺔﻴﺩﻭﻌﺴﻝﺎﺒ ﺽﺎﻴﺭﻝﺍ ﺏﺎﺘﻜ ﺕﺍﺭﻭﺸﻨﻤ ،ﻭﻴﻝ 2000 ﺹ ، 36 . ﻼﻘﻨ ﻥﻋ : ﺭﻴﻨﻤ ﻥﺎﻁﻠﺴ : ،ﺹﺎﻨﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﻥﻴﻤﻀﺘﻝﺍ ) ﺎﺠﺫﻭﻤﻨ ﺭﺨﻵﺍ ﻡﻝﺎﻌﻠﻝ ﻥﺍﺭﻔﻐﻝﺍ ﺔﻝﺎﺴﺭ ﻑﺼﻭ ( ﻑﺭﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺓﺄﺸﻨﻤ، ،ﺔﻴﺭﺩﻨﻜﺴﻹﺎﺒ 2004 ﺹ 37،38 . 2 ﺭﻅﻨﻴ : ﻲﻜﺭﺎﺒﻤ لﺎﻤﺠ : ﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻪﺘﺎﻴﻝﺎﻤﺠﻭ ﺹﺎﻨﺘﻝﺍ ﻱ ﺕ ﺩ ،ﻁ ﺩ ،ﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ،ﺭﺸﻨﻠﻝ ﺔﻤﻭﻫ ﺭﺍﺩ ،ﺭﺼﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺹ 18 .
ﺎﻴﻨﺎﺜ
-ﺭﻭﻬﻅ
ﻩ
ﻩﺭﻭﻁﺘﻭ
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ﺃ-ﻲﺒﺭﻐﻝﺍ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ
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ﻊﻗﻭﻘﺘ ﻪﻤﻴﻫﺎﻔﻤ ﻁﺴﺒﺃ ﻲﻓ ﺹﺎﻨﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﺎﻜ ﺍﺫﺇ ﺹﻨ لﺨﺍﺩ ،ﺔﺒﺌﺎﻏ ﺔﻔﻠﺘﺨﻤ ﺹﻭﺼﻨ ﺭﻀﺎﺤ ﺢﺒﺼﻴﻓ ﺢﺼ ﻥﺇ ﺭﻴﺒﻌﺘﻝﺍ -ﺔﻴﻋﻭﺴﻭﻤ ﺔﺒﺘﻜﻤ . ﺍﺫﻫ ﻰﻝﺇ لﺼﻭﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﻥﻤ ﺀﺍﺭﻤ ﻼﻓ ﻡﻝﻭ ،ﻡﺩﻌﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺄﺸﻨﻴ ﻡﻝ ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻀﺭﺃ ﻪﻝ ﺕﻨﺎﻜ ﺎﻤﻨﺇﻭ ،ﻍﺍﺭﻓ ﻥﻤ ﻕﻠﻁﻨﻴ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺩﺎﻘﻨﻝﺎﺒ ﺕﻌﻓﺩ ﻭﻁﺘ ﺭﻴ ﻲﻓ ﺡﻭﻀﻭﺒ ﻩﺯﺍﺭﺒﺇﻭ ﻪﺘﻴﻤﻨﺘﻭ ﻩ ﺔﻴﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺔﺤﺎﺴﻝﺍ ، ﻌﻀﻭﻭ ﻪﻝ ﺔﻴﺭﻴﻅﻨﺘ ﺕﺎﻴﻝﺁﻭ ﻡﻝﺎﻌﻤ ﺕ لﻬﻓ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﻀﺭﻷﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻥﻭﻜﺘ ﻥﺃ ﻥﻜﻤﻴ ﺍ ﺩﻘﻨﻝ ؟ﻡﻴﺩﻘﻝﺍ ﻲﺒﺭﻐﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺤﻠﻁﺼﻤﻝﺍ ﺽﻌﺒ ﻙﺎﻨﻫ ﻥﺄﺒ ﻑﺍﺭﺘﻋﻻﺍ ﺏﺠﻴ ﺍﺀﺩﺒ ﺏﺭﺎﻘﺘ ﺕﻨﺎﻜ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ،ﻡﻴﻫﺎﻔﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﻩﺭﺎﺒﺘﻋﺎﺒ ﺹﺎﻨﺘﻝﺍ ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤ ﺓﺭﻫﺎﻅ ﺡﻼﻁﺼﻻﺍ ﺍﺫﻬﺒ ﺹﺎﻨﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﻜﻝ ،ﺔﻴﺼﻨ ﺩﻴﻝﻭ ﻻﺇ ﻥﻜﻴ ﻡﻝ ﺙﻴﺩﺤﻝﺍ ﺭﺼﻌﻝﺍ . ﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺤﻠﻁﺼﻤﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻥﻤﻭ ﺩﺎﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﻰﻤﺍﺩﻗ ﺎﻬﺒ ﻡﺘﻫﺍ ﻲ ﺒﺭﻐﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﻴ ﺓﺎﻜﺎﺤﻤﻝﺍ * ﺔﻗﺭﺴﻝﺍﻭ ﻴﻏﻭ ﺎﻤﻫﺭ . . ﺩﺒﻻ ﺫﺇ ،ﻲﺒﺎﺠﻴﺍ ﺀﻲﺸ ﺓﺎﻜﺎﺤﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﺍﻭﺃﺭﻓ ،ﺎﻬﻨﻴﺒ ﺍﻭﻗﺭﻓ ﺩﻗﻭ ﺭﻋﺎﺸ ﻱﻷ ﻥﺎﻜ ﻤ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻤﻨﺇﻭ ﺎﺌﻴﺸ ﺭﺨﻶﻝ ﻙﺭﺘﻴ ﻡﻝ لﻭﻷﺍ ﻥﻷ ﺱﻴﻝ ،ﻪﻴﻜﺎﺤﻴﻭ ﻪﻨﻤ لﻬﻨﻴ ﻥﻴﻌ ﺔﻠﺤ ﻲﻓ ﻪﻋﺍﺩﺒﺇ ﺝﺭﺨﻴﻝ ﺔﺒﻴﺸﻗ ﺏﻴﺩﻷﺎﻓ ،ﺭﻴﺩﻘﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺏﺎﺠﻋﻹﺍ لﺎﻨﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻠﺤﻨﻝﺎﻜ ﻡﻫﺭﻅﻨ ﻲﻓ ..." ﺍﺩﻬﺸ ﺎﻬﻝﻭﺤﺘﻭ ﺎﻫﺭﺎﺘﺨﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻫﺯﻷﺍ لﻤﺠﺃ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻬﻘﻴﺤﺭ ﺹﺘﻤﺘ " 1 . ﺎﻤﻜﻭ ﻻ ﺔﻠﺤﻨﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﻭﺒﺭ ﺭﺎﻫﺯﺄﺒ ﻲﻔﺘﻜﺘ ﺓ ﻙﻝﺫﻜ ﺓﺩﺤﺍﻭ ﺭﻋﺎﺸﻝﺍ ﻁﻘﻓ ﺔﻨﻴﻌﻤ ﺹﻭﺼﻨﺒ ﻲﻔﺘﻜﻴ ﻻ . ﺎﻤﻭ ﻙﺭﺘﺸﻴ ﻰﻤﺍﺩﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﻴﺒﻭﺭﻭﻷﺍ ﻯﺩﻝ ﻲﻋﺍﺩﺒﻹﺍ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﻪﻴﺒﺸﺘﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻥﻤ ﻑﺸﺘﺴﻴ ﻭﻜﻴﻝ ﺎﻬﻨﻤ ﻕﻠﻁﻨﻴ ﻪﻨﻷ ،ﺹﻭﺼﻨﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻩﺭﻴﻏ ﻊﻤ ﻪﺘﺍﺫ ﻥ ﻲﻫﻭ ﺏﻴﺩﻷﺍ ﺓﺭﺩﻗ ﻲﻔﻨﺘ ﻻ ﺔﻴﻋﺍﺩﺒﻹﺍ . ﻲﻜﺎﺤﻴ ﻥﺃ ﻪﻝ ﺩﺒ ﻻ ﺫﺇ ،ﺓﺎﻜﺎﺤﻤﻠﻝ ﺎﺴﺴﺃﻭ ﺎﻁﻭﺭﺸ ﺍﻭﻌﻀﻭ ﺩﻗﻭ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺏﻴﺩﻷﺍ ﺏﻏﺭﻴ ﺭﺘﻌﻤ ﺍﺭﻭﻬﺸﻤ ﻥﻭﻜﻴﻓ ،ﻪﺘﺎﻜﺎﺤﻤﺒ ﻪﺒ ﺎﻓ ، ﻤ ﻥﻭﻜﻴ ﻥﺃ ﻙﻝﺫﻜ ﻪﻴﻠﻋﻭ ﺍﺭﻴﺼﺒ ، ﺎﻜﺭﺩ ـﻓ ﻩﺩﻠﻘﻴ ﺎﻤﺒ ﺎﻴﻋﺍﻭ " ﻠﻘﺘﻝﺍ ﻝﺍ ﻥﻜﻝﻭ ،ﺕﺎﻤﻠﻜﻝﺍ ﺩﺭﺠﻤﻝ ﻥﻭﻜﻴ ﻻ ﺩﻴ ﺎﻤﻭ ،ﺏﻭﻠﺴﻸﻝ ﻥﻭﻜﻴ ﺩﻴﻠﻘﺘ * ﺨﻵ ﺭﻋﺎﺸ ﺩﻴﻠﻘﺘ ﻲﻫ ﺎﻨﻫ ﺓﺩﻭﺼﻘﻤﻝﺍ ﺓﺎﻜﺎﺤﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻭﻁﻼﻓﺃﻭ ﻭﻁﺴﺭﺃ ﺩﻨﻋ ﺓﺎﻜﺎﺤﻤﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺒ ﺩﻭﺼﻘﻤﻝﺍ ﺱﻴﻝﻭ ،ﺭ . 1 ﻥﺎﻤﻴﻠﺴ ﺩﻤﺤﻤ ﻥﺎﻤﻴﻠﺴ : ﺭﺍﺩ ،ﻉﺍﺩﺒﻹﺍﻭ ﺩﻴﻠﻘﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﻲﻠﻫﺎﺠﻝﺍ ﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺎﻜﺎﺤﻤﻝﺍ ﻁ ،ﺭﺸﻨﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻋﺎﺒﻁﻝﺍ ﺎﻴﻨﺩﻝ ﺀﺎﻓﻭﻝﺍ 1 2005 ، ﺹ 66 .
ﻅﺎﻔﻝﻷﺍ ﻡﺍﺩﺨﺘﺴﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻪﺘﻋﺍﺭﺒﻭ ﻪﺘﻔﻁﺎﻋ ﻊﻤ ﺏﻴﺩﻷﺍ ﺏﺭﺎﺠﺘﻭ ،ﺽﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻘﻴﺭﻁ ﻥﻤ ﻪﻴﻓ ﺔﻴﻨﻔﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﺼﻝﺍﻭ " 1 . ﻲﺒﻠﺴ ﺀﻲﺸ ﻲﻬﻓ ﺔﻗﺭﺴﻝﺍ ﺎﻤﺃ ﺫﺨﺃ ﻲﻨﻌﺘﻭ لﻤﺠ ﻭﺃ ﺭﺎﻜﻓﺃ ، ﻥﻤ ﺎﻬﺼﻨﺒ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﺒﻋ ﻭﺃ ﺭﻋﺎﺸﻠﻝ ﺔﻴﺼﺨﺸﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﺼﺒﻝﺍﻭ ،ﺔﻴﻋﺍﺩﺒﻹﺍ ﺓﺭﺩﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻫﻭﻠﺨ ﻊﻤ ،ﺎﻬﺒﺤﺎﺼ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺓﺭﺎﺸﻹﺍ ﺭﻴﻏ ﻗﻭ ﺩ ﺩﺎﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﻊﻤﺠﺃ ﻡﻫﺭﻅﻨ ﻲﻓ ﻥﻭﻗﺭﺎﺴﻝﺍ ﺀﺍﺭﻌﺸﻝﺎﻓ ،ﺎﻬﺘﻴﺒﻠﺴ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻥﻭﻴﺒﻭﺭﻭﻷﺍ ..." ﻙﺌﻝﻭﺃ ﻡﻫ ﻥﻭﻠﻗﺎﻨﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺫﻝﺍ ﺔﻘﻠﺴﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺘﺎﺒﻨﻝﺎﻜ ﻡﻫﺭﻴﻏ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻥﻭﺸﻴﻌﻴ لﻭﻗ ﻡﻬﻴﻠﻋ ﻕﺩﺼﻴ ﻥﻴﺫﻝﺍ ﻡﻫﻭ ﻝﺍ ﺩﻗﺎﻨ ﻲﺴﻨﺭﻔﻝﺍ ) ﺯﺩﻨﺎﻨﺭﻓ ( ﺎﻬﻨﻭﻜﻠﻤﻴ ﻻ ﺔﻘﻴﺩﺤ ﺭﺎﻫﺯﺃ ﻥﻭﻔﻁﻘﻴ ﻡﻬﻨﺇ "... 2 . ﺱﺎﺴﺃ ﻰﻠﻋﻭ ﺏﻫﺫﻤﻝﺎﺒ ﻰﻤﺴﻴ ﺎﻤ ﺄﺸﻨ ﺕﻻﻻﺩ ﻥﻤ ﻪﻠﻤﺤﺘ ﺎﻤﻭ ﺕﺎﺤﻠﻁﺼﻤﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻲﻜﻴﺴﻼﻜﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﺭﻴﻏ ،ﺓﺎﻜﺎﺤﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺩﻴﻠﻘﺘﻝﺍ ﺱﺩﻘﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺘﻫﻻﺍ ﺓﺭﺼﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﺜﻴﺩﺤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻤﺎﻤ ﺏﻫﺫﻤﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻰﻠﻋﻭ ﺓﺭﻜﻔﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺕﺭﺎﺜ " ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻜﻔﺒ ﺎﻘﻴﺜﻭ ﻻﺎﺼﺘﺍ لﺼﺘﻴ ﻡﺎﻬﺴﻹﺍ ﺓﺭ ﻥﻔﻝﺍ ﺓﺩﺎﻤﻭ ﻩﺭﺩﺎﺼﻤﻭ ﻱﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ " 3 . ﻰﻨﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺩﺎﺤﺄﺒ ﻻﺇ ﻑﺭﺘﻌﻴ ﻻﻭ . ﺩﻘﻓ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﺕﺃﺭ ﻼﺤﻹﺍﻭ ﺔﺤﺍﺯﻹﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻙﻝﺫ ﺯﻭﺎﺠﺘﻴ ﻥﺃ ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﺔﻴﻓﺭﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﺤﺍﻭﻨﻝﺍ ﻊﻴﻤﺠ ﻕﺭﺘﺨﻴﻭ ،ل ﻭ ﺔﻴﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻋﺎﻤﺘﺠﻻﺍ ..." ﻊﻁﻨﺘﻴ ﺎﻫﺭﻬﺼ ﺓﺩﺎﻋﺇﻭ ﺎﻬﺤﺘﻓﻭ ﺎﻬﺘﻬﺠﺍﻭﻤﻝ ". 4 . ﻥﻤ ﺎﻬﺜﻌﺒﻭ ﺔﻴﺒﺎﻌﻴﺘﺴﻻﺍ ﺓﺭﺩﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ ﻡﻨﻴ ﺏﻝﺎﻗ ﻲﻓ ﺩﻴﺩﺠ ﺔﻴﻋﺍﺩﺒﻹﺍﻭ ﺏﻴﺩﻸﻝ . ﺔﻴﺒﺭﻐﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺤﻠﻁﺼﻤﻝﺍ ﺽﻌﺒ ﻙﺎﻨﻫ ﻥﺫﺇ ﻡﻝ ﺎﻬﻨﻜﻝﻭ ،ﺹﺎﻨﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﻅﻨ ﻊﻤ ﻙﺭﺘﺸﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﻁﻨﻴ ﺓﺩﺎﻤ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻴﻀﺭﺃ لﻜﺸﺘ ﻝ ﺭﻴﻅﻨﺘﻝﺍ ﺩﺼﻗ ﻥﻭﺭﺼﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺩﺎﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻨﻤ ﻕﻠ ﺓﺭﻫﺎﻅﻠ . ﺎﻤﺃ ﺔﻴﻀﺭﻷﺍ ﻭ ﺡﻭﻀﻭﺒ ﺓﺭﻫﺎﻅﻝﺍ ﺕﺯﺭﺒﺃ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﺒﺼﺨﻝﺍ ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺩﺎﻘﻨﻝﺎﺒ ﺕﻌﻓﺩ ، ﻲﻓ ﺩﺩﺤﺘﺘ ﺭﺩﺎﺼﻤ ﺙﻼﺜ ﺩﻋﺎﺒﺘﺘ ﻻ ﺔﻁﺒﺍﺭﺘﻤ ﻭﺩﺒﺘ ﺎﻬﻨﻜﻝﻭ ،ﺔﻴﻤﻫﺃ ﻑﻠﺘﺨﺘﻭ ،ﺎﻴﻨﻤﺯ . ﺒ ﺹﺎﻨﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﻯﺭﻴ لﻭﻷﺍ ﺭﺩﺼﻤﻝﺎﻓ ﻩﺭﺎﺒﺘﻋﺎ ﻬﻨﻀﺘﺤﺍ ﻥﻤ لﻭﺃ ،ﺔﻴﺭﻴﺒﻌﺘ ﺓﺭﻫﺎﻅ ﺎ "ﺍ ﺱﻭﺭﻝﺍ ﻥﻭﻴﻨﻼﻜﺸﻝ " Formalistes Russes " ﻥﻴﺫﻝﺍ ، ﺏﺩﻷﺍ ﺍﻭﺩﻋ ﻤﻠﻋ ﺎ ﻼﻘﺘﺴﻤ ﻪﺘﺍﺫﺒ 1 ﻥﺎﻤﻴﻠﺴ ﺩﻤﺤﻤ ﻥﺎﻤﻴﻠﺴ : ﺩﻴﻠﻘﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﻲﻠﻫﺎﺠﻝﺍ ﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺎﻜﺎﺤﻤﻝﺍ ﻉﺍﺩﺒﻹﺍﻭ ، ﺹ 67 2 ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻫ ﻰﻔﻁﺼﻤ ﺩﻤﺤﻤ : ﻲﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺕﺎﻗﺭﺴﻝﺍ ﺔﻠﻜﺸﻤ ) ﺎﻘﻤ ﺔﻴﻠﻴﻠﺤﺘ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩ ﺔﻨﺭ ( ،ﺔﻴﺭﺼﻤ ﻭﻠﺠﻨﻷﺍ ﺔﺒﺘﻜﻤ ، 1958 ﺹ 220 . 3 ﻥﺎﻤﻴﻠﺴ ﺩﻤﺤﻤ ﻥﺎﻤﻴﻠﺴ : ﺹ ،ﻉﺍﺩﺒﻹﺍﻭ ﺩﻴﻠﻘﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﻲﻠﻫﺎﺠﻝﺍ ﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺎﻜﺎﺤﻤﻝﺍ 67 . 4 ﺴﻴﺭﻜ ﺎﻴﻝﻭﺠ ﺘ ﺎﻔﻴ : ﺭﺘ ،ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﻡﻠﻋ : ﻫﺍﺯﻝﺍ ﺩﻴﺭﻓ ، ﻲ ﺔﻌﺠﺍﺭﻤ : ،ﻡﻅﺎﻨ لﻴﻠﺠﻝﺍ ﺩﺒﻋ ﺘ ﺭﺍﺩ ،ﺏﺭﻐﻤﻝﺍ،ﺭﺸﻨﻠﻝ لﺎﻘﺒﻭ ﻁ 2 1997 ، ﺹ 13 .
ﺓﺭﻜﻔﺒ ﺍﻭﻤﺘﻫﺍﻭ ﺕﺩﺃ ﺩﻗﻭ ،ﻕﺴﻨﻝﺍﻭ ﻡﺎﻅﻨﻝﺍ ﻬﺘﺎﻤﺎﻤﺘﻫﺍ ﻡ ﺩﻼﻴﻤ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻡﻠﻋ ﺔﻴﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﻡﺘﻬﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺹﻭﺼﻨﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﺒ ﻑﺎﺸﺘﻜﺍﻭ ﻕﻘﺤﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ،ﺎﻬﺘﺎﻨﻭﻜﻤﻭ ﺎﻫﺩﻋﺍﻭﻗ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻑﻭﻗﻭﻝﺍﻭ ،ﺎﻬﺘﻴﻨﺒﺃ ﺔﻴﺒﺩﻷﺍ ، ﺇ ﺍﻭﻠﺼﻭﺘ ﺕﺎﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻡﻀﺨ ﻲﻓﻭ ﺹﺎﻨﺘﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﻫﺎﻅﺒ ﻑﺍﺭﺘﻋﻻﺍ ﻰﻝ ﻡﻝ ﻡﻬﻨﻜﻝ ، ﺎﻫﻭﺤﻨﻤﻴ ﺎﻨﻴﻌﻤ ﺎﻤﺴﺍ . ﻕﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻲﻓﻭ " ﺏﺘﻜ ﻲﻜﺴﻓﻭﻠﻜﺸ " لﻭﻘﻴ ": لﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﻥﺇ ﻙﺭﺩﻴ ﻲﻨﻔﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ،ﻯﺭﺨﻷﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﻔﻝﺍ لﺎﻤﻋﻷﺎﺒ ﻪﺘﻗﻼﻋ ﺩﺎﻨﺘﺴﻻﺎﺒﻭ ﺎﻬﻨﻴﺒ ﺎﻬﻤﻴﻘﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻁﺒﺍﺭﺘﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ، ﺱﻴﻝﻭ لﻤﻋ لﻜ ﻥﺇ لﺒ ،ﻥﻴﻌﻤ ﺝﺫﻭﻤﻨ ﻊﻤ لﺒﺎﻘﺘﻭ ﺯﺍﻭﺘ ﻲﻓ ﻉﺩﺒﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻩﺩﺤﻭ ﺽﺭﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﻭﺤﻨﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻉﺩﺒﻴ ﻲﻨﻓ " 1 . ﺍﺫﻫ ﻯﺩﺅﻤﻭ ﺃ ﻑﺍﺭﺘﻋﻻﺍ ﻥﻜﻤﻴ ﻲﺒﺩﻷﺍ لﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﻥ لﻜﺸﺒ ﻪﻤﻬﻓ ﺔﻴﺒﺩﺃ لﺎﻤﻋﺃ ﻊﻤ ﺔﻗﻼﻋ ﻲﻓ ﻪﻝﻭﺨﺩ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﺢﻀﺍﻭ ﻡﻭﻘﺘ ﺹﻭﺼﻨﻝﺍ لﻜ ﻥﺃ ﺎﻤﻜ ،ﻯﺭﺨﺃ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺃﺩﺒﻤﻝﺍ . ﻡﻝ ﻡﻬﻨﺃ ﺭﻴﻏ ﻲﻓ ﺍﺭﻴﺜﻜ ﺍﻭﻘﻤﻌﺘﻴ ﺓﺭﻫﺎﻅﻝﺍ ﺎﻫﻭﻝﻭﻴ ﻡﻝﻭ ﺔﻴﻤﻫﺃ ﻯﺭﺒﻜ . ﻲﻨﺎﺜﻝﺍ ﺭﺩﺼﻤﻝﺍ ﺎﻤﺃ ﻲﺴﻭﺭﻝﺍ ﺩﻗﺎﻨﻝﺍ ﺏﺘﻜ ﻭﻬﻓ ﻡﻬﻤﻝﺍﻭ " ﺎﺒ لﻴﺌﺎﺨﻴﻤ ﺨ ﻥﻴﺘ " ﺩﺎﻓﺃ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ " ﻥﻴﻴﻨﻼﻜﺸﻝﺍ ﺩﻭﻬﺠ ﻥﻤ ﺏﺎﺘﻜ ،ﻪﻠﻤﺄﺘ ﺭﻤﺜﻴﻝ ﺔﻴﺠﻭﻝﻭﻤﺘﺴﺒﻹﺍ ﺔﻌﻴﻁﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﻠﻋﺃ ﻡﺜ ﺱﻭﺭﻝﺍ ﺔﻨﺴ ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﺔﻔﺴﻠﻓﻭ ﺔﻴﺴﻜﺭﺎﻤﻝﺍ 1929 ﺔﻴﺭﺍﻭﺤﻝﺍ ﺃﺩﺒﻤﺒ ﻑﺭﻌﻴ ﺎﻤ ﺀﺎﺴﺭﺇ ﻥﻋ ﻥﻠﻌﻴﻭ " 2 . ﻪﻨﻭﺭﺒﺘﻌﻴﻭ ﺎﻌﻴﻤﺠ ﺩﺎﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﻪﻴﻓ ﻕﻔﺘﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍﻭ ﻡﻫﻷﺍﻭ ﺙﻝﺎﺜﻝﺍ ﺭﺩﺼﻤﻝﺍ ﺎﻤﺃ ﺔﻗﻼﻁﻨﻻﺍ ﺔﻴﻘﻴﻘﺤﻝﺍ ﺒﻠﻝ ﺔﻴﻠﻌﻔﻝﺍﻭ ﻲﻓ لﺜﻤﺘﻴ ﻲﺼﺎﻨﺘﻝﺍ ﺙﺤ ﺩﺎﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺔﻋﻭﻤﺠﻤ ﻥﻴﺫﻝﺍ ﻥﻭﻤﺘﻨﻴ لﻴﺘ ﺔﻋﺎﻤﺠ ﻰﻝﺇ لﻴﻜ ) Tel Quel ( ﻤﺤﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻠﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻥﻴﺒﺴﺘﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﻭ ﻡﻬﻨﻤ ﺎﻬﺴﻔﻨ ﺔﻴﻤﺴﺘﻝﺍ ل " ﺕﺭﺎﺒ ﻥﻻﻭﺭ " " ﺎﻔﻴﺘﺴﻴﺭﻜ ﺎﻴﻝﻭﺠ " ، " ﻭﻜﻭﻓ لﺎﺸﻴﻤ " ، " ﺍﺩﻴﺭﺩ ﻙﺎﺠ "، .. ﻡﻫﺭﻴﻏﻭ ﺍﻭﻠﻤﻋ ﺩﻗﻭ ﺯﺍﺭﺒﺇ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺘﻓﻻ ﺓﺭﻭﺼﺒ ﺓﺭﻫﺎﻅﻝﺍ ﺒﺎﺘﺘ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺕﺩﺃ ﺔﻴﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺔﺤﺎﺴﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔ ﺎﻬﻝﻭﺤ ﺕﺎﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻊ . ﺎﻤﻜ ﺍﻭﻀﻫﺎﻨ ﺽﻐﺒ ﺍﺫﻫ ،ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﻰﻨﻌﻤ ﺔﻴﺩﺎﺤﺃﻭ ﻑﻝﺅﻤﻝﺍ ﺓﺩﺤﻭﻜ ﺔﺘﺒﺎﺜ ﻭﺩﺒﺘ ﺕﻨﺎﻜ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻘﺒﺎﺴﻝﺍ ﻡﻴﻫﺎﻔﻤﻝﺍ ﺙﻴﺤ ﻥﺍﺩﻴﻤﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻲﻓ ﺱﻭﺭﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﻴﻨﻼﻜﺸﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﻭﻬﺠﻤ ﻥﻋ ﺭﻅﻨﻝﺍ " ﺕﺍﺭﺎﺘﺨﻤ ﻥﺃ ﻥﺎﺘﻴﻔﻴﺯﺘ ﺱﻭﺭﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﻴﻨﻼﻜﺸﻝﺍ ﺹﻭﺼﻨ ﻥﻤﻀﺘﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﻑﻭﺭﻭﺩﻭﺘ ) théorie de la littérature ( ﻡﻝ ﺔﻨﺴ ﻻﺇ ﺭﻬﻅﺘ 1965 " 3 . ﺔﻨﺴ ﺎﻴﻠﻌﻓ ﺕﺴﺴﺄﺘ ﺩﻗ ﺔﻋﺎﻤﺠﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻥﺃ ﻡﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﻊﻤ 1960 . 1 ﺘ ﻥﺎﺘﻴﻔﻴﺯ ﺘ ﻑﻭﺭﻭﺩﻭ : ﺭﺘ،ﺔﻴﺯﻴﻠﺠﻨﻹﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺏﺎﺘﻜﻝﺍ ﻲﺘﻤﺠﺭﺘ ﻑﻝﺅﻤﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺒ ﺹﺨ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﺩﻘﻤﻝﺍ ﻊﻤ ﺔﻴﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ : ،ﺏﺭﻐﻤﻝﺍ،ﺀﺎﻀﻴﺒﻝﺍ ﺭﺍﺩﻝﺍ،ﺭﺸﻨﻠﻝ لﺎﻘﺒﻭﺘ ﺭﺍﺩ،ﺔﻤﻼﺴ ﻥﺒ ﺀﺎﺠﺭﻭ ﺕﻭﺨﺒﻤﻝﺍ ﻱﺭﻜﺸ ﻁ 2 ، 1990 ﺹ، 41 . 2 ﷲﺍ ﺩﻋﻭ ﺎﻴﺩﻴﻝ : ﺯﻋ ﺭﻌﺸ ﻲﻓ ﻲﻓﺭﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺹﺎﻨﺘﻝﺍ ﻁ ،ﻥﺩﺭﻷﺍ،ﻥﺎﻤﻋ،ﻊﻴﺯﻭﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺭﺸﻨﻠﻝ ﻱﻭﻻﺩﺠﻤ ﺭﺍﺩ ،ﺓﺭﺼﺎﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺩﻝﺍ 1 2005 ﺹ ، 25 . ﻲﺴﻴﻠﻏﻭ ﻑﺴﻭﻴ : ﻁ، ﻊﻴﺯﻭﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺭﺸﻨﻠﻝ ﺭﻭﺴﺠ، ﻲﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺞﻫﺎﻨﻤ 2 ، 2009 ﺹ ، 96 . 3
