Single-Chamber Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Technology—From Its Origins to Today’s State of the Art

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Titre:

Title

:

Single-Chamber Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Technology—From Its Origins

to Today’s State of the Art

Auteurs:

Authors

: Melanie Kuhn et Teko Napporn

Date: 2010

Type:

Article de revue / Journal article

Référence:

Citation

:

Kuhn, M. & Napporn, T. (2010). Single-Chamber Solid Oxide Fuel Cell

Technology—From Its Origins to Today’s State of the Art. Energies, 3(1), p.

57-134. doi:10.3390/en3010057

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energies

ISSN 1996-1073

Review

Single-Chamber Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Technology—From Its

Origins to Today’s State of the Art

Melanie Kuhn 1,†,_{*, Teko W. Napporn}2,_*

Received: 3 November 2009 / Accepted: 31 December 2009 / Published: 15 January 2010

Abstract:

Keywords:

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2. Single-Chamber Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

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Figure 1.

Air

Fuel

(a)

Cathode Anode

Fuel + air

(b)

Cathode Anode Electrolyte Electrolyte

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Table 1. Advantages Challenges x x x x x x x x x x x x x x etc.

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3. Origins of SC-SOFCs

3.1. Early works on single-chamber fuel cells

í

et al.

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3.2. Dyer’s room-temperature single-chamber fuel cell í J Figure 2. §

H

2

+ O

2

substrate

dense Pt electrode

gas-permeable boehmite membrane

porous Pt electrode

(8)

etc.

3.3. Development of SC-SOFCs

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4. Single-Chamber Operation 4.1. Background on SOFCs i.e. í_Æ í í_Æ í Æ ǻG E n F í nF G E ǻ ¸¸ ¸ ¹ · ¨¨ ¨ © § p p p F RT E E / R R = í í _T _F E p í í ¸ ¸ ¹ · ¨ ¨ © § p p nF RT E p

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H

H H G ǻ ǻ

H

ǻG ǻH H G nFE E E ǻ

H

Ecell Er H H I I

H

I I M n F m I m F n M 4.2. Working principles of SC-SOFCs

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Æ Æ í_Æ í Æ Æ Æ R

(12)

Figure 3. et al.

e

-e

-CH

4

+ O

2

CO

2

H

2

O

CO

H

2

O

2

O

2-Cathode

Anode

Electrolyte

(13)

Æ Æ Æ Æ Æ Æ R R R R R 4.3. Fuel-air mixtures et al.

(14)

et al.

R

4.4. Electrode selectivity and catalytic activity

(15)

G

et al.

G

(16)

et al. ǻ ǻ H m H m H m ǻH m ǻH ǻH P P R ǻH et al. R R et al.

(17)

í_Æ í í_Æ í 4.6. Heat production et al. et al. Ň Ň et al.

(18)

R

4.7. Testing chamber design

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Ň Ň

4.9. Flammability and explosion limits of methane-air mixtures

ǻ $ $ _T H . LFL LFL

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ǻ $ $ T H . UFL UFL LFL UFL LFL UFL ǻH T LFL UFL ǻH LFL UFL Figure 4. R R R R R LFL UFL R R / LFL LFL R / UFL UFL R

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R R R R  Figure 5. R R R 5. Development of SC-SOFCs

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Figure 6.

5.1. Planar electrolyte-supported SC-SOFCs

et al. et al. R í et al. Ň Ň Ň ĮŇ R

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

Cathode

Anode

Electrolyte

Cathode

Anode

Cathode

Anode

Electrolyte

Cathode

Anode

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Į í Į Ň ĮŇ í í Ň ĮŇ í í í í R í _R í í et al. R Ň Ň

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Ň Ň Ň Ň Ň D Ň R Ň Ň í Ň ĮŇ í Ň Ň R í et al. et al. R í et al. et al. Ň Ň í _Ň _Ň í _{et al.} et al. et al. et al. í í Anode materials

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í

R

D

(26)

R

Electrolyte materials

(27)

í í í í D et al. et al. Ň Ň í í R et al. P P í í

(28)

et al.

í _R

í

(29)

et al. et al. í Ň Ň et al. R

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Energies 2010 3 Table 2. Reference Year Electrolyte Electrolyte thickness (m m) Anode Cathode Gas mixture Tfurnace ( °C) OCV (V) Pma x (mW·cm −2 ) R R Į Į R R R R R D R R

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Energies 2010 3 Table 2. Cont. Reference Year Electrolyte Electrolyte thickness (m m) Anode Cathode Gas mixture Tfurnace ( °C) OCV (V) Pma x (mW·cm −2 ) R R R R R _R R R R

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Energies 2010 3 Table 2. Cont. Reference Year Electrolyte Electrolyte thickness (m m) Anode Cathode Gas mixture Tfurnace ( °C) OCV (V) Pma x (mW·cm −2 R R R R R R R R R G R _R

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Energies 2010 3 Table 2. Cont. Reference Year Electrolyte Electrolyte thickness (m m) Anode Cathode Gas mixture Tfurnace ( °C) OCV (V) Pma x (mW·cm −2 ) R R T R R R R _R G R

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5.2. Planar anode-supported SC-SOFCs et al. et al. Anode materials et al. í Ň Ň R

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et al. et al. Cathode materials í P R

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í í R et al. í í í í

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Electrolyte materials et al. D Ň Ň í etc. Ň Ň R et al. Ň Ň R R Û R R

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í _R R Ň Ň í í et al. P í P í R í

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et al. í et al. et al. Ň Ň In-situ In-situ

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Ex-situ í Ex-situ et al. in-situ in-situ ex- in-situ Ň Ň R R R Ň Ň í at al R í et al. Ň Ň

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et al.

5.3. Fully porous SC-SOFCs

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Energies 2010 3 Table 3. Reference Year Electrolyte Electrolyte thickness (P m ) Anode Cathode Gas mixture Tfurnace (°C ) OCV (V ) (mW· R R R R Rmi Rmi Rmi T R R mi R _R R _R R

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Energies 2010 3 Table 3. Cont. R _Rmi _Rmi R R _Rmi Rmi R R R R R

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Figure 7. et al. Ň Ň í í

(a)

(b)

Cathode

Anode

Electrolyte

Fuel-air mixture

Cathode

Anode

Electrolyte

Fuel-air

mixture

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í et al. et al. et al. P í R í í

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Figure 8. P et al.

Anode

Electrolyte

Cathode

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P í et al. Į R Figure 9. d w Į P í

CH

4

+ O

2

CO

2

H

2

O

2

O

2

e

-

e

-CO

H

2

d

w

Cathode Anode Electrolyte

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w d P et al. Į R í í w d w d P

(49)

P P P í í P P

(50)

et al. R §

R R

(51)

R R R R R P et al.

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P P P P P et al. P P P P P P P P P P P

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P P P et al. P í P R í P í í _R

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P í et al. í et al. et al.

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5.5. Micro-tubular SC-SOFCs and other cell configurations et al. et al. R í et al.

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Energies 2010 3 111 Table 4. Ref. Year Fabrication technique Gap size d (mm) Electrode width w (mm) Electrolyte Anode Cathode Tfurnace ( °C) Gas mixture OCV (V) Pma x or (for smallest P Į R Į R R R _R _R _R _R R R

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Energies 2010 3 Table 4. Cont. Ref. Year Fabrication technique Gap size d (mm) Electrode width w (mm) Electrolyte Anode Cathode Tfurnace ( °C) Gas mixture OCV (V) Pma x or Ima (for smallest d and R R R í R R R

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Energies 2010 3 Table 5. Ref. Year Fabrication technique Gap size d (mm) Electrode width w (mm) Electrolyte Anode Cathode Tfurnace ( °C) Gas mixture OCV (V) (mW·cm R R _R _R _R _R R R R R

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6. Modeling of SC-SOFCs

6.1. Simulation of planar anode-supported SC-SOFCs et al. Ň Ň R R R P et al.

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6.2. Numerical study of reaction mechanisms in SC-SOFCs et al.

6.3. Efficiency calculations for SC-SOFCs et al.

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6.4. Performance modeling of planar electrolyte-supported SC-SOFCs et al.

et al.

6.5. Thermodynamic considerations of SC-SOFCs

R

Figure 10.

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et al. R R Figure 11. R R R R R R R

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6.6. Performance studies of SC-SOFCs with coplanar electrodes et al. P P P et al. Û E I P P P P P í 7. Applications

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7.1. Microsystems and portable power applications

et al.

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7.2. Energy harvesting applications

7.3. Sensor applications

et al.

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8. Summary

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