دور إدارة المعرفة في تحقيق وتعزيز الميزة التنافشية المشتدامة : دراسة ميدانية على بعض مؤسسات قطاع الاليكترونيك في ولايتي سطيف وبرج بوعريريج

ةزيلما زيزعتو قيقتح في ةفرعلما ةرادإ رود

ةمادتشلما ةيشفانتلا

للاا عاطق تاشسؤم ضعب ىلع ةيناديم ةسارد

ي

تييلاو في كينوترك

جيريرعوب جربو فيطس

0211 0210

ينلمبعٌا ةس لله ذّلحاً

تاركشت

نيزمفً ْأ هٔبطٍع ٍُظعً هيجً يلابج كٌٍٍ بًوسبجِ اًيرثو اًذحم ذّلحا هًٌ شىشٌا هٌ ُيٌٍا

ا هٌ ،ًّعٌا ازىصبج

ىضشٌا ذعث ذّلحا هًٌ ذٍضس ارإ ذّلحا هًٌ ىضشر ىزح ذّلح

...

:ذعث بِأ

:ربزعلأا لىإ ٍُظعٌا ْبنزِلإاً ،ًٌضلجا شىشٌبث َذمرأ

،

ءاسآً خٍّل دبيٍجٌر ِٓ لي وِذل بِ ًو ىٍعً ،حشوزلما هزى ىٍع فاششلإا وٌٌجل ىٍع

.حذٌذع

إ شىشٌبث َذمرأ بّو

شوزٌبث صخأً ثحجٌا ازى في ًٔذعبع ِٓ لى

.ةبىٌٌا ذجع يذيٍّث سٌزوذٌا ،ذعبع دبحشف ٓث سٌزوذٌا :ٌٓربزعلأا ـ

عٍثس ،قًسبف ىٍعٌ :حزربعلأا ـ

ِ ٓث ،يذٍعغٌا فعٌٌ ذحمأ ،دٌٍٍِ ً

،ٌٓذٌاشصٔ دٌعغ

،ينغلحا ًربوشث

دشفً تيٌا خٍّمٌا ُتهبيٍجٌر ىٍع ،يبوٌش ٌُشىٌا ذجع ،ًٍجٔ ةبوسٌث

نيع

.يرثىٌا ذيلجا

.ًّعٌا ازى صبنجإ ىٍع ،ذٍعث ِٓ ًأ تٌشل ِٓ ،ًٔذعبع ِٓ ًو لىإ شىشٌبث َذمرأ بّو

ءاضلجا يرخ ىنغ للها ُواضجً ،اًشىش ُله يٌلأ ءلاٌى ًو لىإ

لإا

ءاذى

ازى ًٍّع يذىأ

بٌ تيجحصث طبنٌا كحأ ِٓ ،ًئع بلم ــــ ٍُعً وٍٍع للها ىٍص ــــ َبٔلأا يرخ بيٍف يبل ِٓ لىإ

ِٓ ُث :يبل ،هِأ :يبل ،؟ِٓ ُث :يبل ،هِأ :يبل ؟ للها يٌعس

نٌثأ :يبل ؟ِٓ ُث :يبل ،هِأ :يبل ،؟

.

في يبطأً للها بيظفح خجٍجلحا ًِأ ؛يننٍعٌا شٌشل َبٔأ ًىٌ ليبٌٍٍا دشيع تيٌا لىإ ،تلحاً فطعٌاً ْبنلحا ضِس لىإ

؛بىشّع

هشّع في يبطأً للها وظفح ليبغٌا ًثأ ؛يبزفش وث ذمطٔبِ ىٍغأ لىإ ،خٍحضزٌاً ءبخغٌاً يزجٌاً ءبطعٌا ضِس لىإ

؛

؛ ُتهلائبع داشفأ ًو لىإً بيسمإث ًلاو ؛دبجٍجلحا ًراٌخأ لىإ

؛ُتهلائبع داشفأ ًوً ،ًرٌخإ لىإ

؛بيزٍئبع داشفأ ًوً ،تيجٍطخ لىإ

؛حيرجىٌا خٍئبعٌا ذٍوبزو ًو لىإ

؛بًفشح نيٍّع ِٓ ًو لىإ ،خعِبلجا في بٍٍعٌا دبعاسذٌا خٍحشِ لىإ ًئاذزثلإا ِٓ ًرزربعأ ًو لىإ

ـــ خٍٔبثٌا خعفذٌا ،خِاذزغلما خٍّنزٌاً يبّعلأا حسادإ ـــ هاسٌزوذٌا خعسذِ في ًرلاٍِصً ًئلاِص ًو لىإ

؛

؛وسمإث ًلاو ؛ًّعٌا في ًرلاٍِصً ًئلاِص ًو لىإ

.سٌعشٌا ظفٔ نئٌٌدبجًٌ ُيجحأ ِٓ ًو لىإ

ذّمح

ب

ج

0

د

4

ِ

6

7

1

1995

3

1

ٔ

381

0

0220

11

96

ز

1

2

1

2

3

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3

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16

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4

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303

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0226

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1

(Holowetzki,2002)

The relationship between knowledge Management and Organizational

Culture : an Examination of Cultural Factors that Support the flow and

management of Knowledge within an Organization.

2002

ن

1998

2002













0

(Malhotra, 2003)

« Measuring knowledge Assets of Nation knowledge systems For

Development »

-ل

-8

و

12

3

1

0

1 ا لاا تُدهن دٍصس ًيبرن تٍيدًصخلاأ تٌددظصل ، تفرعًنا ةرادإ تيجهُي : يف تيزكري ثاعاطق يف تيبيرجت تبراقي ءاضعلأا اىكسلاا لود ، نرٌٍَٕٕ ، 2004 ، ص : 04 . 2 ئدكهًنا فٕهخنا ىٍْابيإ ، تفرعًنا ةرادإ : ىيهافًناو تسراًًنا ط ، 1 ، قارٕنا راد ٌدًدي ، ، ،ةذسصًنا تٍيبعنا ثارديلإا 2007 ، ص : 30 .

4

3

1

Isabelle kern, knowledge management from case studies an the atlas

,

Diploma thesis in information and

technology, not published, university of Zurich, Switzerland, 2004, p:17.

2 _{Joseph M. Firestone, Mark W. Mcelroy, key issues in the new knowledge management,}

Butterworth– Heinemann, USA, 2003, P: 04. 3 ،ئدكهًنا فٕهخنا ىٍْابيإ عخبي كيدص :ص ، 30 .

5

Saffady

1 ،ثاددٌزنا دإي ذًسي إ تفرعًنا ةرادإ يف ةرصاعي ثاهاجت ، ط 1 ، ،ءدفط راد ٌدًي ٌدرلأا ، ، 2008 ، ص : 45 .

6

1

0

Benchmarking

1 ،ٌدٍهي ًفطظي ًسير تفرعًنا ةرادإ ، ط 1 ءدفط راد ، ٌدًي، ٌدرلأا ، ، 2008 ، ص : 107 .

7

1

0

3

1 ،ٌدٍهي ًفطظي ًسير قباس عجري ، ص : 93 . 2 :ص ،عخبًنا شفَ 93 .

8

4

Knowledge

Bases

5

6

1 ئدكهًنا فٕهخنا ىٍْابيإ ، قباس عجري ، ص : 38 . 2 ،ٍٍصدٌ بندغ ذعص تفرعًنا ةرادإ : ثايُقتنا،ىظُنا،ىيهافًنا ط ،حْدًُنا راد ، 1 ،ٌدرلأا ،ٌدًي ، 2007 :ص ، 34 .

9

Alavi

and Leidner

1

1 ،ىدَ دٕبي ىدَ تفرعًنا ةرادإ كيدص عخبي ، ، ص : 43 . 2 ،ٌدٍهي ىفطظي ًسير قباس عجري ، ص : 77 . 3 عخبًنا شفَ ، ص : 86 .

12

0

Manquardt

Manquardt

1

Know-What

2

Know-How

3

Know-Why

4

know-where

5

Know-when

3

1991

4

M .H.Zack

M .H.Zack

1 ،ٌدٍهي ىفطظي ًسير قباس عجري ، ص : 88 . 2 ىدَ دٕبي ىدَ قباس عجري ، ، ص : 44 ، لامَ :ٍي

Ikujaro Nonka; The Knowledge –creating company, H B R ,Vol 68,N: 06 Non-Dec 1991,pp: 96-104.

3 ، عخبًنا شفَ ص : 45 لامَ ، ٍي

11

Core Knowledge

Advanced Knowledge

Innovation Knowledge

(Nonka &Takeachi)

1 _{Murray E. Jennex, knowledge management: concepts, methodologies, tools, and applications, Information}

Science Reference, New York, USA, 2008, P: 41.

2 نا فٕهخنا ىٍْابيإ ئدكهً ، ،عخبًنا شفَ ص : 26 .

10

1 ىًهضنا ىهي ، لإا ثايُقتو جراًَ :زيًتنا ةرادإ تفرعًنا رصع يف ةراد ، ، بٌبغ راد ةبْدمنا ، 2002 :ص ، 205 . 2

W Mark Fruin, knowledge works : managing intellectual capital at toshiba, Oxford university press, New York, USA, 1997, P: 03.

3

13

Don March

1980

Edward Frengnebaum

“Knowledge is power

Knowledge Engineering

I.Nonka

1991

1 ،ىدَ دٕبي ىدَ قباس عجري :ص ، 130 .

14

I.Toumi

1

0

3

1 ،ىدَ دٕبي ىدَ قباس عجري ، ص :ص 134 -135 . 2 ًصاد ٍٍضز تبٍْٔ تيسفاُتنا ةزيًنا قيقذت يف اهرودو تفرعًنا ةرادإ ، : تيرىسنا تييىكذنا فراصًنا يف تيًييقت تسارد ، بٍغ بٍصضخدي تندصر ةرٕشُي ، دٌرٕص ،كشيد تعيدخ ، 2007 ، ص : 51 . فبظصي

15

Wiig

1 ًضٍبكنا ٌٍذنا ذلاط ، :تفرعًنا ةرادإ تيرادلإا تيًُتهن تيبرعنا تًظًُنا ، ةبْدمنا بظي ، ، 2005 ، ص : 34 . .فبظصي 2 دإي ذًسي ثاددٌزنا ، ،كيدص عخبي ص : 55 .

16

Wick

(Jennex, 2005)

Nonaka&Takeuchi

1 ،ٌٔبخسٔ ردصضنا ذبي ىهعنا تفرعًنا ةرادإ ًنإ مخذًنا ، ط 1 ، ،ةبٍضًنا راد ،ٌدرلأا 2006 ، ص : 26 . 2 ٔ تبٍْ ،ٍٍضز ًصاد ،كيدص عخبي ص : 42 .

3 _{Murray E, Jennex, knowledge management in modern organizations, USA, 2007, p: 04.}

4

Caroline de brun, ABC of knowledge management, first edition, national library of health, 2005, p: 05.

5 _{P, Bouvard et P, storhaye, knowledge management, Edition management et societé , Paris, 2002 , p: 17.}

6 ٍٍصدٌ لديأ ًنددًنا ، تبقعنا تقطُي تطهس يف ٍيهياعنا رظَ تهجو ٍي يًيظُتنا زيًتنا ةرىهب يف اهرثأو تفرعًنا ةرادإ فئاظو رفاىت يذي تصاخنا تيداصتقلاا ، ثدصارد تهدي ٌدرلأا ، ، 2009 ، ،ببًفَٕ نا دذع 36 ، ص : 142 . 7 _{Glopal issues: introduction to knowledge management.}

17

1_{Amrit Tiwana, knowledge managenent toolkit, First Edition, Prentice Hall PTR, USA, 1999, P: 08.}

2 _{Kimiz Dalkir, knowledge management in theory and practice, Elsevier Butterworth-Heinemann, USA,}

2005, P: 06. 3 فٕهخنا ىٍْابيإ ئدكهًنا ، ،كيدص عخبي ص : 80 . 4 دإي ذًسي ثاددٌزنا ، ،كيدص عخبي ص : 60 .

5 _{Nicholas Bahra, competitive knowledge management, first edition, palgravemacmillan, New York, USA,}

18

.

Holsapple and Singh

1

Imed Boughzala & Jean-Louis Ermine, Trends in Enterprise Knowledge Management, First edition, ISTEL,

USA, 2006, P: 25.

2 _{Tamara Almarber and others, value chain model in knowledge management, International journal of recent}

trends in engineering, vol: 02, N: 02, November, 2009.

3

Carol Gorelick , performance through learning: knowledge management in practice, Elsevier Butterworth–

Heinemann, USA, 2004, P: 11. 4 تبٍْٔ ،ٍٍضز ًصاد ،كيدص عخبي ص : 57 . 5 ،كيدص عخبي ،فٕهخنا ئدكهًنا ىٍْابيإ :ص 81 . 6 ،ىفطظي ًسير ٌدٍهي ،كيدص عخبي ص ص : 157 -158 .

19

.

1

0

3

4

1 _{Karl, M wiig, Knowledge management: An Emerginging Dixipline Rooted in long History, Knowledge}

research institute, 1999. 2 بضخ ًطٍط مٍيدًصإ ، :تفرعًنا ةرادإ لىهذناو ثايُقتناو ثايذذتنا ، ط 1 ، ،ذيدسنا راد ٌدرلأا ، 2001 :ص ، 45 . 3 ،ٌدٍهي ًفطظي ًسير ،كيدص عخبي ص ص : 185 -186 ، فبظصي .

02

1

0

3

4

1 لاا تُدهنا تٍيدًصخلاأ تٌددظصل دٍصأ ًيبرن ، ،كيدص عخبي ص ص : 14 -15 .

2 _{Madanmohan Rao, knowledge management tools and techniques, Elsevier Butterworth-Heinemann, USA,}

01

Sutton and Feffer

1 بٍضخ ضٍبكنا بيدي ً ثاًظًُنا ريىطتو تفرعًنا ةرادإ ، ، رذُكصلإا راد ،تٌ ،بظي ص ص : 61 -63 ، فبظصي .

00

Ernst and young center

431

21

1 2005

175

Rudy Ruggles, the state of the nation: Knowledge Management in Practice, California Management Review, Vol: 40, No: 03, Spring, 1998, pp: 80-89.

1 ،ىدَ دٕبي ىدَ ،كيدص عخبي ص : 175 . ولس رييغت ك .دارفلأا لوصلأا ءادأو ةميق سايق 56 % 43 % 34 % 42 % %28 %24 %15 %12 %13 33 %9

03 1 :ص ،كيدص عخبي ،ًسير ٌدٍهي ىفطظي 195 . 2 :ص ،كيدص عخبي ،ذًسي ثاددٌزنا دإي 22 .

04 1 ،ىدَ دٕبي ىدَ ،كيدص عخبي ص : 196 . 2 ،ٍٍضز ًصاد تبٍْٔ ،كيدص عخبي ص : 56 .

05 1 ًسي ثاددٌزنا دإي ذ ص ،كيدص عخبي ، : 99 . 2 ٍهي ىفطظي ًسير ٌد ، ،كيدص عخبي ص ص : 197 -198 . 3 ،ٍٍضز تبٍْٔ ًصاد ،كيدص عخبي ص : 59 . 4 نا ذبي ىهعنا :ص ،كيدص عخبي ،ٌٔبخسٔ ردصض 240 .

06

Wiig

Earl

Wiig

1 :ص ،كيدص عخبي ،دٍصأ ًيبرن تٍيدًصخلاأ تٌددظصللاا تُدهنا 13 . 2 ،ىدَ دٕبي ىدَ كيدص عخبي ، ص : 162 ، فبظصي . 3 ذًسي ثاددٌزنا ،دإي يدص عخبي ك ، ص ص : 143 -144 .

07 Info line

1

3

1

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3

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2

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4

1 ذًسي ثاددٌزنا ،دإي كيدص عخبي ، :ص ص 110 -112 .فبظصي ،

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11

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31

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1 ،فٕهخنا ىٍْابيا ئدكهًنا كيدص عخبي ، ص : 110 .

38 ( Michael Porter ،)

.

1 2009 11 12 2 1999 79 3 12

39

McKinsey and company )

.

( Micheal Porter )

1985

1 56 16 1996 1 2 79 3 2009 12 94

42 ( Porter ) Chamberlin " Selzmick Schendel and Hofer Porter and Day

1 2010 34 2007 06 07 2 3 4 2005 3 1 2004 34 4 1998 100

41

1

1

Mare. Bertonéche et autres, M B A: l’essentiel du managment par les meilleurs professeurs, 2éme édition ,

Editions Egrolles Parris, France, 2008, p:116.

2 2006 65 3 100 .

40

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2 _{Michael Porter, l’Avantage Concurrentiel: comment d’evancer ses concurrents et maintenir son avance,}

45

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1 57 1 2005 138 2 18 1 2001 27 3 100 101

47

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Porter Michael, Competitive Strategy: Techniques for analyzing and Competitors, Frees press, New York, 1982, p:34. 2 2005 250 3 92

48

1

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33

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Cregory G.Dess and others, Strategic Management: texets and cases Mac

grawhill, Fourth édition, New York, USA, 2008, p: 157.

1 2000 182 مللأا تفهكصندي ةددٌبنا تٍدٍتابصصإ زٍكبصنا زًٍصنا تٍدٍتابصصإ واسقلأا مك اهضعب وأ تيقىس تًسق وأ ةذداو واسقأ ةذع يسفاُتنا لاجًنا مقلأا تفهكتنا ةزيي زيًتنا ةزيي تيسفاُتنا ةزيًنا

49

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1 2002 112 2 1 2008 302 3 1 2007 318

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édition, united eme , Edetion Pearson, 8 stratégique

Gerry Johnson et autres,

:

Source

kingdom, 2008, p :134.

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تيذخ تٌزكبي ًف كفابي تمطًُنا كٌٕضصنا يبٍْدًدنا عٌزٕصنا يبٍْدًدنا دمبط ٍسشنا ثدبهطهن ةبٍبكنا ثدٌددظصلإ ًف ىدسنا عَدظًنا ةببخنا بٍثأت خنا تيذ كٌٕضصنا ثدعٍبًنا داذيلإا ىنإ مًٌٕصنأ جردخنا ثدٍهًي مٍرشصنا ٍسشنا ةبٍبك ثدًٍكي ثديدٕصضئ تًخض داذيلإا ىنإ مًٌٕصنأ جردخنا

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SOURCE:

Gerry Johnson et autres, stratégique, Edition Pearson, 8eme édition, united kingdom, 2008, p: 275. 1 688 689 عفتبي فٍعض بعضنا ٔ فٍندكصنا ردعصأ ٍٍضفدًُنا تفهكصنا تفهكصنا بعضنا بعضنا ريبنا زيًتنا ًهعلأا ىذَ Sophistication ردعصأ ٍٍضفدًُنا ريبنا مفسلأا ىذَ زيًتنا Epuration رير ٍٍضفدًُنا

57

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1

:)ةيسفانتلا تاردقلاو لوصلأا( سفانتلا سسأ ـ

يف اهتمادتساو ةيسفانتلا ةزيملا ءانب نأ ثيح

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.

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(مقر لكشلا

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:)

.ةمادتسملا ةيسفانتلا ةزيملا ءانب تاموقم

:سفانت نيأ :اهب سفانت يتلا ةقيرطلا

.جتنملا ةيجيتارتسإ

–

.قوسلا رايتخإ

.عقوملا ةيجيتارتسإ

–

.سفانملا رايتخإ

-.ديروتلا رداصم ةيجيتارتسإ

-.ريعستلا ةيجيتارتسإ

-.ىرخأ

:سفانتلا ساسأ

اراهملاو لوصلأا

.تاردقلاو تاءافكلا وأ ت

1998 75

Day and Wensley

2 2009 111 112 تيسفاُتنا ةزيًنا تياذتسًنا

67

(مقر لكشلا

38

)

ةمادتسم ةيسفانت ةزيم ءانب جذومن

Source :

G.Day and R.wensly, Assessing Advantage , A fremwork Diagnosing competitive superiority, Journal of Marketing, April 1998, Vol: 52, p: 03.

1

2

( Barney ) 1 2011 204 2 2008 185 186 :ةزًٍنا رددظي -تمئدف ثاردٓي .زًٍصنا -.زًٍصنا تمئدف درإي تٍضفدُصنا ةزًٍنا كٍمست مخاذي تياذصضًنا : -.تضفخًُنا تفهكصنا تياذصصإ ةزًٍي تًٍل كهخ تياذصصإ .ٍئديزهن :زًٍصنا حئدصَ -.ٍئديزنا دضر .ٍئديزنا ءلأ -.تٍلٕص تظز -.ردًثصصلاا ىهي ذئدي ةزيي تيسفاُت تياذتسي . ذديرلأا ردًثصصإ ةدديإ .ةزًٍنا ىهي ظدفسهن

68 Barney Barney 1991 Barney Barney 1 2 1 2004 130

69

Lumpkin and gregor

y

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74

.

78

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L C A G

( (Learned, Chistensen, Andrems and Guth

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Michael Porter

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Edith T.PENROSE ، Penrose 1 08 09 2005

79

WERNEFT

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WERNEFELT

Hamel and Barahalad

1 08 09 2005 2

82

wernerfelt, collis, Barney, grant

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2

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81

29

08 09 2005 ٍي تًظًُنا ّكهًت دي ةرٕظُي درإي تٍندعف تًظًُنا ّفبعت دي تٍُف ثدٌارد ، ثارذل ةرٕظُي بٍغ ثاءدفك يبشي لدي سأر يددًنا لدًنا سأر ًًٍظُت لدي سأر تٍدٍتابصصلإا درإًنا ضٍخشت -.تٍدٍتابصصلإا لٕطلأا -.ةزًٍصًنا ثاءدفكنا -.تٌبْٕخ ثاءابخا تمٍعًنا درإًنا ضعي تًيذًنا تٍضفدُصنا تٍعضٕنا نبصشًنا بٌرذصنا تياذتسًنا تيسفاُتنا ةزيًنا

80

dejouse

1

83 godfrey and hill penrose gleboterf J leboterf

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84

Knowledge based view

1 _{TACO H.Reus, A knowledge based view of international acquisition performance, Doctora of philosophy,}

not published, the Florida state university, 2004. p: 25.

2

Kevin Zhen Zhon, school of Business, University of Hong Kong, carolineb Bingxin li, Daniels college of Business, How Knowledge Affects radical innovation: knowledge base, market knowledge acquisition and

internal knowledge sharing, 2011.

3

08 09 2005

4 _{Carla curado, the knowledge based-view of the firm: from theoretical origins to future implications,}

working paper, universidade Técnica de lisboa, 2006.

5

85

Quinn

Ikujiro Nonka and hirotaka Takeuchi

Peter Senge

1

Oana Branzei and others, a knowledge-based view of environmental performance in different cultural

contexts: Canad, Japan, China, university of British Columbia, working paper, p: 05.

2 _{Desmond, knowledge based view of strategies: strategic complementarities from an Austria, presented at}

the 2002 WCC – 72 meetings in less vegas, p: 04.

3 _{William eyoungdabl and others, the house of quality within a knowledge-based view of the firm,}

international system dynamics conference, Arizona state university west, USA, 1994.

4 _{Hirotaika Takeuchi, Ikojiro Nonka, the knowledge creating company, First edition, Oxford university press,}

UK, 1997, P: 84.

5 _{Doris Gomezel jomerzel, knowledge as one of the sources of sustainable competitive adventage, university}

university of Primorska, Slovenia.

6 _{Robert M. G rant, Toward a knowledge- based view theory of the firm, strategy management journal, vol 17,}

86

12

Variation & retention

Selection

Innovations & new combinations

Sourse

: Pekka Salmi and others, industrial districts and regional developoment: towands

a knowledge-based view, working papers, lappeenranta university of technology, Finland,

2001, p: 72.

Sustainable competitive advantage

Capabilities/competencies Economic routines Economic(regional) resources. Other resources Financial, Physical, Human, Technological… etc. Regional knowledge base

Tacit Knowledge Cadified/generic knowledge Selection environments Collecteve learning

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94 Peter SENGE Alvesson Krogh leveraging strategy Appropriation strategy 1 42 2 2003 144 3 48 49 4 51 52

95

The Probing strategy

The Expanding strategy

learning )

1 _{Gabriel cepeda-carrion, competitive advantage of knowledge management, encyclopedia of knowledge}

management, idea group reference, Tel-Aviv, 2006, p: 35.

2 _{Susan e. Jackson et autres, managing knowledge for sustained competitive, jossey –bass, 1}eme_{èdition, USA,}

96 externalization internalization employed adoptability 1 276 2 296 3 277

97 1 278 2 80 3 121 4 279

98 shared knowledge brainstorming

11

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،ٌٔبخسٔ ردصضنا ذبي ىهعنا تفرعًنا ةرادإ ًنإ مخذًنا ، ط 1 ، ا راد ،ةبٍضًن ،ٌدرلأا 2006 ، ص 281

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122

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advantage of knowledge management competitive carrion, -Gabriel cepeda : Source

encyclopedia of knowledge management, idea group reference, Tel-Aviv, 2006, p36.

13

ةزيًنا تيسفاُتنا تياذتسًنا

ىهي ةرذمًنا

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تجرذنا تفرعًنا لاجي

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ايجىنىُكتنا ثاءارجلإا دارفلأا تًهًنا تًيقنا حرتقي

120 Quinn peter senge

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Gabriel ceped-carrio, op cit, p: 34.

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23

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28

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02,41

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134

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136

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2,15

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2,14

1,98

1,84

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142

2,41

1,76

1,71

1,71

1,71

12

141

150

1

1

2006

0

1

2008

3

4

1

2008

5

1

2008

6

1

1999

7

2000

8

1

2004

9

1

2009

12

1

2008

11

1

2008

10

1

2007

13

1

2008

14

2003

15

2002

153

16

2008

17

1

2007

18

2008

19

1

2001

02

2

2003

01

2008

00

1

2006

03

1

2008

04

2000

05

2002

06

1

2007

07

1

2008

08

09

2005

32

1

2002

31

2008

30

1999

33

1998

154

34

2005

35

1

2007

36

1

2004

37

1

2008

38

1

2004

39

2010

42

2011

41

2006

40

2004

43

2007

44

2009

45

2009

155

46

2005

47

2009

48

2009

49

2009

52

2007

51

2011

50

12

2009

53

2004

.

54

2009

55

08

09

2005

56

09

10

2004

156

57

12

13

2005

58

3

4

2005

59

08

09

2005

62

08

09

2005

61

2007

60

08

09

2005

A- Books:

63. Alain Marion, le diagnostic de l’entreprise, edition economica, paris,

1996.. Amrit Tiwana, knowledge managenent toolkit, First Edition,

Prentice Hall PTR, USA, 1999.

64. Carol

Gorelick ,

performance

through

learning:

knowledge

management in practice,

Elsevier Butterworth–Heinemann, USA,

2004.

65. Caroline de brun, ABC of knowledge management,1 edition, national

library of health, 2005.

66. Claire R. Mclnerney & Ronald E. Day, Rethinking knowledge

management: from knowledge objects to knowledge processe,

springer, Berlin, 2007.

67. Doris Gomezelj omerzel, knowledge as one of the sources of sustainable

competitive advantage, university of Primorska, Slovenia.

157

68. Fergus O’connell, competitive advantage of common sense, First

edition, Pearson Education, USA, 2003.

69. Gerry Johnson et autres, stratégique, edition pearson, 8

eme

édetion, UK,

2008.

70. Glopal issues, introduction to knowledge management.

71. Gregory G.Dess et autres, strategic management : text and cases, Mac

grawhill, fourth edition, New York, USA,2008.

72. Hirotaka Takeuchi, Ikojiro Nonaka, the knowledge creating company,

First edition, Oxford university press, UK, 1997.

73. Imed Boughzala & Jean-Louis Ermine, Trends in Enterprise Knowledge

Management, First edition, ISTE

Ltd, USA,2006.

74. Jean, chales Mathé, Dynamique concurrentielle et valeur de

l’entreprise, editionems, paris, 2004.Joseph M. Firestone, Mark W.

Mcelroy, key issues in the new knowledge management, Butterworth–

Heinemann, USA, 2003.

75. Karl, M wiig, Knowledge management: An Emerging Dixipline Rooted

in long History, Knowledge research institute, 1999.

76. Kevin Zhen Zhon, How Knowledge Affects radical innovation:

knowledge base, market knowledge acquisition and internal

knowledge sharing, school of Business, University of Hong Kong,

carolineb Bingxin li, Daniels college of Business, 2011.

77. Kimiz Dalkir, knowledge management in theory and practice, Elsevier

Butterworth-Heinemann, USA, 2005.

78. Langdon morris, permanent innovation: proven strategies and methods

of successful innovators, innovation Academy, USA, 2011.

79. Longdon morris, permanent innovation: strategies and methods of

successful innovators, innovation academy, USA, 2001.

80. Madanmohan Rao, knowledge management tools and techniques,

Elsevier Butterworth-Heinemann, USA, 2005.

81. Mare. Bertonéche et autres, M B A: l’essentiel du management par les

meilleurs professeurs, 2

eme

édition ,Editions Egrolles Parris, France,

2008.

82. Maryam Alvi and D,E, leider, knowledge management systems: Issues,

challenges and benefits in stuart barnes, thomas learning, Australia,

158

83. Michael Porter, l’Avantage Concurrentiel : comment avancer ses

concurrents et maintenir son avance, traduit de l’américain par philippe

de laverge, Donod ; France, 1999.

84. Michael Porter, Competitive Strategy: Techniques for analyzing and

Competitors, Frees press, New York, USA

85. Murray E, Jennex, knowledge management in modern organizations,

USA, 2007.

86. Murray E. Jennex, knowledge management: concepts, methodologies,

tools, and applications, Information Science Reference, New York, USA,

2008.

87. Nicholas Bahra, competitive knowledge management, first edition,

palgrave macmillan, New York, USA, 2001.

88. P, Bouvard et P, storhaye, knowledge management, Edition management

et society, Paris, 2002.

89.

Rivka Kfir, Knowledge management and strategy, national Reseach

Fondetion , 21june 2001 ,12.

90. Sandrine Fernez – walch, françois Romon , management de

l’ennovation: de la stratégie aux projets , vuibert , paris, 2006.

91. Susan e. Jackson et autres, managing knowledge for sustained

competitive, jossey –bass, 1

eme

edution, USA, 2003.

92. W Mark Fruin, knowledge works: managing intellectual capital at

toshiba, Oxford university press, New York, USA, 1997.

B - The theses:

93. Isabelle kern, knowledge management from case studies an the atlas,

Diploma thesis in information and technology, not published, university of

Zurich, Switzerland, 2004, p:17.

C- The encyclopedis and dictionary:

94. Encyclopedia of strategies management, Knowledge based view

95. knowledge management, encyclopedia of knowledge management, idea

group reference, Tel-Aviv, Israel, 2006.

159

D- the conferences:

96. Carla curado, the knowledge based-view of the firm: from theoretical

origins to future implications, working paper, universidade Técnica de

lisboa, 2006.

97. Desmond,

knowledge

based

view

of

strategies:

strategic

complementarities from an Austria, presented at the 2002 WCC – 72

meetings in lass Vegas.

98. Ikugiro Nonaka, the knowledge creating company, HBR, vol 68, N:06.

99. Oana Branzei and others, a knowledge-based view of environmental

performance in different cultural contexts: Canad, Japan, China,

university of British Columbia, working paper.

100. Pekka salmi and others, industrial districts and regional development:

towards a knowledge- based view, working papers, lappenranta

university of technology, Finland, 2001.

101. William eyoung dabl and others, the house of quality within a

knowledge-based view of the firm, international system dynamics

conference, Arizona state university west, USA, 1994.

E- The journals:

102. G, Day and R, Wensly, assessing adventage, A fremwork for

dianosing competitive superiority, journal of marketing, avril, 1998.

103. knowledge processes, Springer, Berlin, Germany, 2007.

104. Micheal H.Zack, developing a knowledge strategy, CMR, vol:41,

N:04, spring, 1999.

105. Robert M. G rant, Toward a knowledge-based view theory of the

firm, strategy management journal, vol 17, winter, 1996.

106. Rudy Ruggles: the state of the nation: knowledge management in

practice, California management review, vol: 40,No:3, spring, 1998.

107. Tamara Almarber and others, value chain model in knowledge

management, International journal of recent trends in engineering, vol:

02, N: 02, November, 2009.

161

21

ميحرـــــلا ناـــمحرلا هللا مــــــسب

يديس

ميركلا

ةـيحت

ةـبيط

.

ثحبلا ضارغلأ ةمدخ مكنواعت ىلع ريدقتلا و ركشلا ليزج مكلو

.يملعلا

160 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 13 11

تفرعًنا ةرادإ ثايهًع :لولأا ءزجنا

163 10 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 02 01 00 03 04 05 06 07 08

تفرعًنا ةرادإ ثايهًع :لولأا ءزجنا

164 09 32 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 43 41 42

تياذتسًنا تيسفاُتنا ةزيًنا :يَاثنا ءزجنا

165 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 53

166

20

****** Method 1 (space saver) will be used for this analysis ******

R E L I A B I L I T Y A N A L Y S I S - S C A L E (A L P H A)

Item-total Statistics

Scale Scale Corrected Mean Variance Item- Alpha if Item if Item Total if Item Deleted Deleted Correlation Deleted

VAR00001 74,6053 183,6508 ,5083 ,8901 VAR00002 74,4211 189,5477 ,0859 ,8955 VAR00003 74,4474 187,5512 ,1514 ,8952 VAR00004 74,4737 190,5804 ,0340 ,8962 VAR00005 74,3684 186,6174 ,2083 ,8941 VAR00006 74,1842 176,9651 ,5277 ,8885 VAR00007 74,2105 175,4680 ,6280 ,8866 VAR00008 73,2632 185,9829 ,1584 ,8964 VAR00009 74,1579 180,1366 ,3564 ,8923 VAR00010 74,1053 172,9075 ,6202 ,8863 VAR00011 74,0526 176,6458 ,6104 ,8871 VAR00012 74,0789 175,2639 ,6685 ,8860 VAR00013 74,3947 187,8129 ,1113 ,8967 VAR00014 75,0526 189,0242 ,1307 ,8947 VAR00015 74,2895 174,3734 ,5647 ,8875 VAR00016 73,8684 182,6579 ,2865 ,8936 VAR00017 73,8158 187,0192 ,1217 ,8972 VAR00018 74,0263 176,0263 ,6423 ,8865 VAR00019 73,8158 174,5327 ,6916 ,8855 VAR00020 74,0000 170,5946 ,8074 ,8827 VAR00021 74,1053 176,7454 ,6240 ,8870 VAR00022 74,1053 177,9346 ,4923 ,8892 VAR00023 74,1579 173,8663 ,7237 ,8849 VAR00024 74,1579 179,3257 ,5778 ,8882 VAR00025 73,8684 177,5768 ,6118 ,8873 VAR00026 74,3947 174,5156 ,6844 ,8856 VAR00027 74,5263 174,7425 ,7071 ,8854 VAR00028 74,6842 184,4922 ,2660 ,8934 VAR00029 74,6316 182,6174 ,2493 ,8950 VAR00030 74,5000 185,1216 ,1991 ,8953 VAR00031 74,5526 174,0917 ,6278 ,8863 Reliability Coefficients N of Cases = 31 N of Items = 30

Alpha = 0.8935

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****** Method 1 (space saver) will be used for this analysis ******

R E L I A B I L I T Y A N A L Y S I S - S C A L E (A L P H A)

Item-total Statistics

Scale Scale Corrected Mean Variance Item- Alpha if Item if Item Total if Item Deleted Deleted Correlation Deleted

VAR00032 41,3421 91,2041 ,3251 ,8566 VAR00033 41,3947 87,2183 ,5456 ,8487 VAR00034 41,1053 87,8265 ,3031 ,8611 VAR00035 41,4211 89,3314 ,5168 ,8508 VAR00036 41,1053 83,0156 ,6744 ,8421 VAR00037 41,5526 86,8485 ,5574 ,8481 VAR00038 41,0263 82,4047 ,7659 ,8388 VAR00039 40,7895 86,5491 ,5762 ,8474 VAR00040 41,5526 89,8215 ,3419 ,8564 VAR00041 41,6316 87,8606 ,5405 ,8492 VAR00042 40,8421 81,8663 ,6858 ,8410 VAR00043 39,7105 93,5626 ,1034 ,8673 VAR00044 41,6842 88,3841 ,4048 ,8540 VAR00045 41,4474 81,7674 ,7452 ,8388 VAR00046 40,3158 85,3030 ,3491 ,8610 VAR00047 41,6842 86,9246 ,5442 ,8486 VAR00048 40,7368 92,8478 ,2750 ,8579 VAR00049 40,8158 92,1543 ,2396 ,8597 VAR00050 40,9474 89,4566 ,3908 ,8544 Reliability Coefficients N of Cases = 19 N of Items = 38

Alpha = 0.8586

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