WJth 1M .,,,,eption ot occupt'd by moi,t

forn lS..1fnoI1IIIAl,ie.ntolIIll,

r,

^{.ftKledbysoil}

1f0li0n. The 1"'1 .Iteetof ..0Ii0n it 1M lou 01soil Iertillty ...nich ~'" inYftm-1 in tef1ilize, .ro:l fO\Id>irlefy to ....Ior. the...wIu plCi!y01 .gUCultuff pcoductiotl." AnotherfIf<l.live"",,Kl,p" lieul..1yIOf

;,nv.olion^PlffpoMl.illhe 6minuuonof It>e....11..l.t>I. holding UplCily01ptNioullyfOfClled.rUI . InAlricl dneft,lic.tion. b.siully ulM'd by lhe flp;el

~...-.:eof Ir.., . rd tIv\ob$ _ . isldv.f'lCin'jI

""""J 1111 Abou1 one-Ilw d 01I'" contirlenl suff.rs ',om deH'",foutionwhe<NI ...I....1desen " "isO'tf'f

61nAonkin. Ewn foodlfOJI'ityis1hf••I" nt<l inm.n~

Al'iu" countu'" Thus !he SuclIn. SorN~ .f'llI

~... ... pll'1>Culllrly .ffKled by dewn

~. Inthe

SudI<>.

II15fIIJf\'I:IlcdINI "'"

deIIf1is

sMtinoJ

-.tt>w...ds II

ee

^{lite 01 1 km peor}

.,.... If'dthe..,.,",usedbydrOU'jlhtwu ..,...IPd .1 IUS 1b60n in 1980. lr! Morocxo fDf ...mple. Ihfo

"N of productM cllrk9ak fOfem dKliloed f.om

«10.000 Iw in 1960 10 273.000 hi in 1987 If this

"I. of deWUCbOf! contnuH. thew pccuIi¥ for","

coulddnoIflge;orinl!'lII'....1 6O)'NI'I. Sirnil¥ly '" "'"

Hi9fl

Alln ccdlf IOfflll (l.lIOl).2,ooo mi. IOfnl

~,ld.Jliconis. hoUUllng serious problc...ot ","1 .f'llI ...uIy~mion,pce-.ling .1thelimelime 1 1 fOfl'll 'C9_.lIion.nd g'lSSproduction. lr!T , Ibouf 50 miIion m' of Ier1iIesoils or 10.000 ""

at

1QrioJI...1l1...-ld ....bli eldt.,....by ....1..._ .

~te 9'NI

"tforu

^{c.-;.,nlcd _ ..ds} ""nd du....

Ii..I""in"," urillf'li•.lhef ciI.longw.~to90 before the pcobIeml (.Ill' ..:seqUll"'"be IKIlled

ConttrnedWIl!'llhe_iouItoeuof !hipcMlloi..

tI'IOIl \IOWI...tsN "_1I~jlf!l9'_...""-<I .1 'fllOfing AI"",,'I I, ... C_ If'ld jlfOlKting .nd ,cIw bilil.ling ..oded 10ill In ~""Y" IIIe ...

IIIlio".1 _ " k IOflOll _",1I0f! I"'" 10 uoldlf' ..

1M impo".",c011M IC!IYitysi",• • bou180 perCI't'II 01~Ilind iscontidefed Wlf>i..Irid.

' KI'iwi....,

^InIlNn

800 ""'"of precipill1ion pi'< .".... Afler 10

V'."

^of

the HADD proiKl in lhe United R"""bIicofTlr\l...

mew .

I~.n " ,000 hi ~I~ be.n .~Omed from

.9ricu~ur. If'llI forn try.dMIff'I, The tbtl'l Afra 9 - bH:. ..min cing MOfocxo.~.... 1~ .fIll Ilw It>y.n Al.bHm.twfiy••consldul"'"integ"led

.PIIfOId!

10 comb,oli"ll IOiI erosion .nd deWfI CflCf~""'"t,

n

TIIbIe .; & ^tynI

kusI (' "","

^In

KInta ( '-)

Standllddevla1ion

.. ^, '" '"

'-4' '''11' '''' , Mou mbique .nd SonI.I.. ~ implf ...nlf'd~imporl.nt1"0jf;:tIlocombiltwind

•,Ql.ion. In 1985.MOl.mbiqu.h.dfi.f'd ^1\0'"'u than 3.000 ha 01 dunn. mainly b~ ~.nllr19 C"y"iN ClIlIlCII!gk .nd Alzeh. A",nllml~· !>omo~'.w!lid1

~~ lor • _Io,~ land hllor. 1 .nd int.orod dune· '. . .. ,",-S _ . lhan IS oil...of ..rod 00.... li..tiorl·

b~ for (ontroli"ll and li q such ~s.

Nnt..._ 1l.00CI IIa of coast. 1 ..rod dunn _ . ,.,.:( luIty lilH in 19lr.i in S/l.llombot and Merc.o ., of Soamli.",Sarod d~ ~t.blil.lion ;"

In "'9.nt

problenl 10 bit tK kled rl the g...

'.1

.nwQnmenl:isto bitpr.~inthe

rcnu....nt . m .

"" ....is...,.rd m..-po_ requi",m.rmlor such prOjK!implem.ntabon ....high.itisquitendInt1I\a1 IN benoeli'" 10 bit derioe<l l,om such acWl'" ...

"-"'sein~lht

."""oo...

^nl.and

lVSI'irIi"II

!heIIl lnoodofll'll Mil peopleinlal'llt1l<Nl.

Witll$om.'-'lUptoons.ee1ilfofAf,ica's'orn t induR'....isquite~". The'>Q'Ption",""",ltv

eee....

~ '" !he ..d eo:ill ,d foreued (_ t , in whoch

muunabona/ _.,...• • ^~ _ up n end

.1to6ent ' -PfO('fS""II induItnalf'IftW)Okt.. Out10

!he

touvr ,ati

oflOtntdepIe"""and ..pIooQ!ion,Il'lI

"",parity ofIi pr_tin9 in ,."..,lOt...lImbH·

rid> COWlI1 Iil.

Ni9tri1

and (61. d'hOr' is'~

clK,..1ing. V'l. in -Mw 01 lht I!'"dena of " '"

m.I...1SCI' city there is. rapid di~pIau''''''''tol i lle pr.vious Wnt African lore« Indust' .... ~ _ ..

_.!thy

tlmbe< c _trill.~rtoculortytoC.nt,•• African to<&'lO'leJ. Cor-lI'IyolllerCOllfltrin.' .9.,thel.tnJItd fItoputicof ta...la-mbOa. ....

<109-

¥Ill~

which

\'1M}• impIemtntedomporUtIt.ltor.sI.tion

"

pIIns.

.re cur"""'Y

IIOng ..._~ tJmbefturplusItld11

"" ""... I...i...tficient t.nber proami"llUI>ICitY.

fifllnci.~ tedricll &rid INrr.agoe..,1defodencin I f•

some 01the obsl.onhampeoi"9do,.~1of tht OKlor. A!irnultof tilelow~mbe<prOCflling~.

import~ 01limberptoouctsCOfltinue irIthectw,Ii" ..~.

wllile ^tIII'IbI't

If'"

^{tmong AlrUn}

^coum...

^{15 wry}

_ • .lid<oftr';rw>;.pIfbCuWIy.t""~level.

lowpooclKti,.;ty . . __t~ ~of IIdOt)'..-.l

tr.nopofIf.acillt bMritrI tNIshouldbe,f'fJlOVtd if ...1ind utt' t,t to be

moo• •

fficienl ..-.l thtio proOuC!1 ..pOfted tp"OUQiI>oUI the continI'tW tnd

~~Joped Cl)IJnt,io1,

The hAl oboladt 10 forest C...I_ ..-.l de~nI is the

_'9"

^{budget¥)' '}

c .

aIIocabol'to tile _tor, Mor_ '.WICI _ tion

"""'"'9""'""' lion 01Aln Ul ', I'\lItur.II",..u is.policy lhIl should be i.o'w-lY reinforced in most Alrica~

c_ ie" il is quo" n\ thtt inwtlm.nl policy ohouldbe C(In\,I'1Int thlI>ew 'equi...nlt. 11'1thit [01'11>1. Moro«o', policy of puttr"ll enei,eIy irItile I\tndsoIloul""''''ipalol_ " - tcollectedI,omItweu productt is . . .alittic tpp-oach lIIIl • A1ric.1n

count...

should mll.1I. ttl Tuniw,• ^poIKy.<ldot'UO'd .1imprcMngtht""rr.agoe_,lt01the cQf\9fklorn~ blstd on «onomic Ind Maf>Cill ConsoOl't.tiont is ,apdly 9I'ni"ll 9rounct """"'adayl, due to thl low fltK 0' i~....nl thete 1(11"..11

t,.

yieldjng only SO per unt

01 thei r

pot ....ti. 1 produoctivity. Similarly.

EN ' ''' A1ric1n plantations ere in "''lent I'lHd 01 invIH_boIh..oytwullure .""' CIlt'IStruet>on01. -loon! t'lCllt Thett.pproachn would .llow tile

utilil.tion 01 timllef products .1 ... pric" tI'M m.kitlg100ntiodustrln mofe

tomPf'lit- .

e-tries t,6ditioN11y ~pendirog on /ur1,,1IOCl "om I<nm shouldirwnt .t Ie..t Nilof tIw .mount ~ lrom pellOl~IUbstitutiOl'leoilhe,in

,...,..."ting ....

^{10. .1}

Iotflu 01 _"~ new I"'"

- v t

_~Iionl

~, • IUbotantiaI pan of

."nin9'

^"om ...

eo;porn

0UlJl'0l1o

be ted in10I 1tIICOI'IM'fV.tion.nd 'ege••" bon,

noI. b/r

in\!'II!'C..."" ¥od

w.ot

Alncatl countrifl

lI'I ,...,... Alriu'f ;".Iilut... 'OIn"y Irall'l<t'WO<t ill11 prll1ll'f\tn-oeq... lle to <:ope with the wve,e 111" of 10tflt ~¥inv¥oddeg, adation I,om wnich the ront.nrIlt is suflO'fin; Sptcial

."....oon

sllould therelole be ~ to the ft,eong!hMing of lo'n lry

pllI...w.."

apaOty ^{M - - .} lewI. 10 !hit policy-m.ok.... c.n inlt'lJ'' '.

,e -..c

^100ft\I'y

progt•...,... ",10 b"o.od tocial.

e o '",.,,1II

^and

KOn<>micaldir,elopT.er>l~oao:!'IH_ mostAtnun

~ loI"tryde9artment ~ ¥od ~

~ be ,l'infoKld, ~'Iy to _ bIethem to etfKwo.1lyt"'YoutflO'ldpr. . .",m". 1'hif_~

IS pal1ICllIa<ty ewodirftl in tM ~ of fOlnt Iwe

II"" ' ,Un

^and

lo99inu

^{.a Mb" _ SimiaJly,} ~

.u ....

ion ~ be p.aid to tlw cont.oI .nd er,adicationoIlOInt inw<b.nd<lise._, jW.tic:.... rly in 1M _ plantalionl.nd...turallorn1l .ll eetedby drought. Gow<_ t forntry.tal l ohouldin m. ny

(.IWIIw lrlOnl'd10 CCIpf' _ ...'PKiIic: problf'rnf

of ..ac;h ...

With'eti'.d 10IoIflt,,,,",,elland ...tn.

moltpractical~- . . .cOl'llistin

u<..,...,

^out

,,,,",,ell

peg''''''''''

^and~.KItycoo.",cwd

~ tIw molt "'venIneed!. of tM (Our'IlriH. We

most 01 ItM COUI'IWH M.oe linII'IciII prollle<nl.

W:wegioNl (OoOflf"lIion pallocvlarly ttvough

~tionalOI<)I,,"Z.IOOI>5 should be promoted 10 IWIlIlOII thew Id~ Iro 10 "d ..

u .

u..lf to Mdout tM molt adequal. nitt li..rog. drought·

reoisllont ·. nd mullipurpose lPf<i.. "'ould be

inl~oe<l_ 1Jt...P'09' 1oIcon<f'f'l(allOl'l01

')f'OIf'-<f'IOI,lI(IP> ~'tr in prone 10 SOlI and

_ erooion.".".,... _ _ tlwhig 1

.e-se..

^d>

prOor'ity_ In tM ~ forO'll ~ •

Nndf.AoIlionber

-a..

<Ploited. ^u .d> Ihould be inl...

r...,

^IO

rond _

^u<n .t>d ted'lnoloojical properbiP> 01 In_ ... 0I'II"f Iro lhof 'ega<d.

poftl<cul.. .

"""bon

^{ohould boo} 9""" to ,...ard! _

~'" lor lhe pulp .nd poper induIlry ~ua'Yl>!'"

done ,ese,,(n, dve to the pot t,•• bio!ogitl l.and polholoo;tic.1 ,j~l. should be wtod in dow

co-_ .t.onwiln lhe....,..'ienced,ewa,cn(""t,"olthe (Ont'....n!. AIbolh th.. northern,r>dSoOUlhe.-nbotcle<f 01lIIeSan" a. willdbruk.ndIhelter belt ...1 ought 10be ...pondt<l.~P"ci.llybyulirogw~IHell ed Mtur,l d' OIIC}hl-<....~tlnt lPf'(ie'I The po.rlo.m. nc.. 0' lOme

tjno.nbtlrlltNi$

y .n.etie'l.

lik...1hoseloundirllOUtha<n T... (.boul lOll """ 01 ..in) IhouId be ...

" , , _w ily ...li9"ed Similarly. nigh prirwity IhouId be

lI'iwen

^IO

.-.,ch

pr"",_,... 10I. -...tionof ....I...alll'lrumin

s...

^n...

... African tor.u poIoon .nd 1e<goI!" ...do not _~ the inter~"""'•.,. ,nd ""'lUll

~ bcto,u n ao;trialltur• •nd lore,try act~. ... ITIM'Y

c-.

^tile traditiorlal Ieo;tal ... n g _rIb in 'lOg'" ... (OIoniaI lirnH Nve resi'lted chlrog." Somecountoin

_ -.0

N ....

mid.. gre" ..llorntoi,¢al..their100Mtryleqislations for ..xample. in ,he SudarI. • prajed: _ . re<....tly artie<!out10 .1!'Yiseandupdal..illforfltrypoky.and r.o;tislation. Iro the lib,.. n Ar.b Jam.hiriya. a ...

10feItrylaw witill\It'din 1M2efOIbratino;t for-Ht. and ,ano;tf' protection. The Tunruan Uloe '" ~ ...ocod II...pIary.ndthe old1966100 vy ...

w.. undirr,. . - in JanuMy 1988. Its ill to

" evrale

~

..

andtorf"d ron-Yl llO/'l,",0IOCiIl

and ... dirwloP'M"'t_ _W<thst.ndino;t thIf. IIw

cont....c . . .wtda(£Int...to be aflKlt'dby-la'~

....11. .1 lornt deari... and lhrI.ob deopOtllOl'l .nd

" I,uctlon It '"

""Ie

^{obwiouf !hatthe .lIorh 0' 1M}

100ntry ad..."'t..tiontohalttor...t dir....bon ....not

Inmoll Africancounl" 'l. the m'lIIob\taclto to

\he (O/'MfY. tion01100..m illhe laf:k01, Ic>no;t-term 100..try poky " lor "1 dearing .ndlIe<J,ad.lion.na....

o«ur,odO\OO" ndflt'dlDIyear ...t Ie..t.n equiY.lrnl periodof.f'9i" lionIhouIdbe ..lIgnedtocope witn ItIt proOIt... loriP>tl .... llocing toda1. One of the

~ of wdl _aI:;neu If the

ir, ...,....,

allctc.alion

0 '

^{hnant'Yf ,~ in <nOlI Alfl(Ml}

(OUnt"... !oo lar. lhe lorntry ..._ poky i:I

~arIy inadeoquate to fuIIil

ee

olItKI"," of for \<}' .100t con se,y. llOI'l '" "'" conlNn\ It II "" led tl>.1 the buclge1.eq....ed10 gelAinu '. for...ts ...

(OI"d 't.llda,d, 01conse",.I><tf' ,1lOUld be II 1 tw<e ..

"'9"

^a. Il>e pre..nt 0

ro• •

^{st ,....&I(II 'nd}

...,. Moon ar. Iwo.'US Il>al d "'" "'g~nl al1,·.,,_

.t Ih..",~.n 'O,~,lry pr<>bl..m~ 01tn.. (ontinenl ..~10 bPm",.m.u d. ^Ifl bot h ...~ tn~ ,ol~ of ,ubr~9""..i (o-opera borl...r,,'le<t~d;nIh.. ECAm,IId.I..,tinbe ronlldered aUl..I.A.nd eff":i..nl1001for'I<erog ,n.nrog lhe 100"t 1ff:'I0I ... tke conl.ntnl R...l(h .nlO

droughHt'Si\Unl mul!lpurpow .nd nitrooe....hoinQ

~ .... .fIo ,rus ~"..rving

- 0 .1 . "...,11on

likewise,t..",,"9in.grosjo'Mcult" ", .ooIi_ octNos to to. loste' O<l for the

apl,...

^{1II,liz"oon of tIw}

rt'SOOrces01tl'lo1 ;agricullu..1St'ctof,

fu,the rmo r.., the mod..,nir" ion .nd rehabiht"ionolloresti~tries" Wf'II " t.... 'l'l'le mS 01 logging .nd tr' '''llOft would contribute 10 tIw

i",rel"" in II'lo1 co mP<'l'tiveness of tl'lo1".. irld",I,ie., ReSN' cn intolesse ,.\I:nownl>mbt'r sp"o"s growing in Ilumid tro"",1fores ts sho.dd lliso riKeiw grut'"

support ,f tl'lo1 whole produclioo "pllC'ti' Of Ill"

ecosl'l'tem is tobe ""lind. ., short,II'lo1~~loprne nl

.nd ,einlorcement of ^tl'lt$ sector " nnot be conlem pl.ted under . "mple.nd $lngle.pprolC h llnd undershort·term p1.n. of de.eIopm.. nl.

Notes

(;ow, _ U Nove 10 ,u52e !he int~

be!We'en !lle~ objectiwscharacteristicof the SKIor .nd olt - relatO<l otWli lin energy, .""'rOlrtMM 'M "".. dt ..loJl"~nt. among 0_ vclo" . Thesa ... IOfHl..,poliqo MS, Ihe,efe<e. 10 COfltt'n'\Ill.Itt' long pefiods01IOfe" ''9''''W''. tion.M conselV.loonwhichincludeII'lo1 •••~tyollldeq Uil te linlonOillllndhum.nresources inlpiU.ndlime. rre

Col ""

^{01 lueMood} consumption .nd petrol saYings dtrMcl fromsuch ...ploilltion could "...",... as • ba"..

fOf IIIe esl.b1ish ment 01 new IOfesl 1irl.lr'lCing .nd dellllopn\l'l'li policy.

T.Dr.n ,de Pedro is. foreslry0/1",,".United N.t""" Econom"Commiu ;onforAlria (KA).

J.Economi<"Cnmmi<<inn'n<Alri<". <;... ....ltIoon'ific.';O" 01"'...-..m.ot ProjK1. In<I,,",n.-~IolFa"'"

ResourcesinEUI Afric. withemphi'"on dry- are. . (Prepllratory.tuilla~toKeny. , MoLlmtOque,Tinz.ni• • nd Z.mbia). ECA,AdoMAbaba, 1987. 1',22.

4.food llnd Agricull,"OrlJaniz . 1ion01lhe tJnile<t....tiOM. Tropic.1forest ",sow-ceslWt'SsmenlProjt'c1. foresl Rewurces 01 Tt"Of)iUlAfrica,P.rt I: R~ioNlS'f" them, fAO Roo-- 1981,p, 105

5.

Econom"

^CommiWon lor Ame.. R~ on the Stale of M. n;agement, C...

"'. tion

^{and Exptoit.lion 01}

Indigenous Fo<Hls;oNortl>Alficlln count...., ECA. Addi. Abllba, t988,p. t5.

8.Ol<l".meAn\p.<Idu-AQl"i. Dimen sioMofIlu5hlOfes.nd 104''''''9_111 PolrciesinGh.iI"". EnYilOflmentaiProtectoon Courd.

A m .

1986,p.2.

';I,Economoc(omml$$lOfIlorAl,,," PoIIC)'Me...ee ••1IdImtilUlioMlorImllfCM'dfort'S1COI'IWf\I.tio!>.Ma ""gemenl .nd Developmentin Alriu. ECA, Addis Ab.1b.1, 1981, p,S

10.food.nd Agricultu,e Org.ni2.tioll of tile Uflited N.ltOnS, Allllsde I'llgrialllu,e .lrKalM :IesZ5procha,nes .n"...,. Rom.. 1986. p.56,

1\. tCl>OOlTl" Co mmission for A/riu MlUlOnReporl ofECAMuilidiJ(ipli""f)' Ttam10 IIIe Gove'nmenl ofSomalia, Z8October · 5November1985. ECA.Acldis Abllbll, 1'l8S. p.21.

12.Economoc:Commi~",11lorAtl". , Proble msand Prospects for Hllrll'lONz. tion 01forestryDe~loprnent Policies inA/r ic•. ECA. AddisAboobll, t985, p.4

s e

Framework for interventions in the

Dans le document Food and agriculture in Africa : ECA/FAO Agriculture Division (Page 36-40)