Principe
La technique iDISCO est une méthode alternative à la coupe de cerveau qui permet des immunomarquages sur cerveau entier rendu transparent (Renier N 2014) (Belle M 2014). Nous avons suivi le protocole décrit par Belle et al. (Belle M 2014) (Figure 49).
Après retrait des cerveaux hors de la boîte crânienne et fixation au PFA 4%/PBS, ils ont été incubés 48h sous rotation à température ambiante, dans une solution de PBSGT composée de PBS 1X, 0.2% gélatine (Sigma Aldrich #48723), 0.5% Triton X100 (Sigma Aldrich #X100) et 0.01% Thimerosal (Sigma Aldrich #T5125).
L’anticorps primaire a ensuite été ajouté au 1/200, dans une solution de PBSGT préparée extemporanément. Les échantillons ont été mis sous rotation de 100 rpm à 37°C pendant 7 jours. L’anticorps primaire a ensuite été ajouté au 1:200, dans une solution de PBSGT préparée extemporanément. Les échantillons ont ensuite été mis sous rotation de 100 rpm à 37°C pendant 7 jours. Ils ont ensuite été lavés 6 fois pendant 30 min en PBSGT à température ambiante, puis incubés 7 jours à 37°C avec l’anticorps secondaire au 1:1000 dans du PBSGT. Après 6
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nouveaux lavages de 30 min en PBSGT à température ambiante, l’étape de mise en transparence a été réalisée.
Toute la procédure a été réalisée sous hotte, sur un tube rotator à 14 rpm, avec protection des tubes à la lumière. Les échantillons ont subis des déshydratations successives 50%, 80%, 100% de 90 min chacune, en Tetrahydroflurane (THF, Sigma Aldrich #186562), puis ont été délipidés durant 40 min en Dichlorométhane (Sigma Aldrich #270997), période durant laquelle les échantillons doivent couler au fond du tube.
Les échantillons ont ensuite été conservés à température ambiante dans un récipient en verre sombre, contenant du Dibenzylether (Sigma Aldrich #33630).
Les immunomarquages ont été étudiés en premier lieu sur un microscope confocal (Leica TCS SP2 SE, Allemagne) au CEA-Grenoble. En cas de marquage de bonne qualité, les échantillons ont ensuite été étudiés au microscope à feuille de lumière (Ultramicroscope, LaVision BioTec, Allemagne) en utilisant des lasers 488nm et 588nm sur la plateforme Imagerie de l’Institut de la Vision, Paris.
Les données acquises ont finalement été traitées sur le logiciel Imaris 8, de la société Bitplane.
Anticorps utilisés & spécificité
Tout d’abord, la spécificité de l’anticorps primaire goat anti-collagen IV (#AB769, Merck Millipore) et de son anticorps secondaire Donkey anti-goat conjugué à Alexa488 (#A11055, Life Technologies), ont été vérifiés à 488nm (Figure 49).
Comme montré ci-dessous, l’anticorps détectant le collagen IV génère un signal spécifique (Figure 50).
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Aucun signal n’a été détecté avec l’anticorps secondaire seul, contrairement à son association avec l’anticorps primaire goat anti-collagen IV où le système vasculaire est détecté.
De même, la spécificité de l’anticorps anti-CD31 couplé à la Phycoerythrin (#ab25644 Abcam) a été testée à 543nm. Même si le signal est plus faible que celui du collagen IV utilisé en association pour les doubles immunomarquages, cet anticorps est spécifique (
Figure 51).
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