d) To permit the Ministry of Industry and Mineral Wealth representatives
1) Technical schools and institutions on preparatory and secondary basis
which graduate students, specialized in technical fields such as joinery, various workshop works, electrical affairs, turnery, blacksmit's works and
mechanics. Such vocational education is supervised by the Ministry of Education and National Guidance. The Ministry, in the glorious revolutionary era, is paying due care and attention to this type of vocational education; as well as dispatching excellent students abroad to specialize in all technical spheres necessary for industrial and economical development in IAR..
2) Scientific colleges affiliated-to■the Libyan University. We shall
speak about the role of the Libyan University in other place of this report when we speak about the human energy necessary for science and technology in LAR,
Annex VIII
Page 35
INIUSTRIAL RESEARCH CENTRE:
The Revolutionary Government in LAR realised the important role played by science and technology in "building up proper bases for Libya. So it has issued recently a law establishing the Industrial Research Centre on
the 8th March, 1970. The said law defined competences of the Centre as follows:
FIRST: To conduct technical and economical investigations of which most important are:
1) To provide technical references and data and guidance books; to reply to technical queries and selections reviewing available references;
to make periodicals on new data,
2) Investigations pertaining to marketing including technological, economical and social sides.
3) Survey and evaluation of industrial projects from the technical and economical point of views, whether such studies were needed for public or private sector.
4) Investigations pertaining to organization and planning such as the organization framework, operation procedures, site selection, factory planning, laying down the production plan and circulation of materials and cost accounting.
5) Investigations pertaining to promotion of productivity whether they are technological, economical, social or physiological.
6) To lay down standards and specifications for raw materials and
industrial products as a preliminary step for approving and promulgating them by competent authorities under a law.
7) Investigations pertaining to means and methods of control on pro duction quality and to conduct comparative testing thereon as well as the procedures for dealing with the technical problems encountering industry.
SECOND; To conduct analysis and testing works whether normal or special which cannot be conducted in the productive units laboratories; as well as the works, pertaining to applying the provisions for production good quality and their extent of conformity to specifications whether this was upon a special request or for arbitration between disputants.
Annex ?III Page-36
THIRD: To conduct applied researches and industrial tests pertaining to new products or to developing present products or to adjusting processes and methods of production to suit local conditions or to using local raw materials or to reducing production costs.
FOURTH: To conduct geological search and prospecting for mineral and s6ony materials so as to determine their locations, the ways leading to
them and the economics of their extraction, transportation and exploitation...
FIFTH: To train human elements in the field of investigations and researches related to the Centre's purposes.
INDUSTRIAL AND REAL ESTATE BANK OF LIBYA - LIBYAN GENERAL ORGANIZATION FOR INDUSTRIALIZATION
Industry in the developing countries requires an organization to undertake industrial financing and supporting. So, a law was issued on
7th September, I965 establishing the Industrial and Real Estate Bank of Libya to be responsible for giving industrial advances in a view to promoting and encouraging national industry. The Bank's competences under the law were:
1) To give industrial and real estates - not agricultural - advances against a guarantee in kind,
2) To guarantee the advances contracted "by the industrial and real es tate Organizations and the bonds they issue.
3) To deduct financial and commercial papers pertaining to industry.
4) To issue stocks and bonds in favour
5) To finance marketing of national industrial products*
6) To participate in establishing or supporting the industrial and real estate organizations.
7) To purchase stocks and bonds of the industrial and real estate
organizations. „
8) To finance Governmental projec-fes pertaining to manufacturing and
building,
Annex VIII Page 37
Although the said Bank was giving industrial advances to investors of private sector in th4 field of manufacture and industr-y, ..it- was-observed that-, the priva'te sector did not or could not venture-Q.n; establishing big industrial- projects needed-by the Libyan economy besides the fact that it is afraid.that such projects may be monopolized by few individuals.
The Revolutionary Command Council deemed it fit that such projects be owned by the Public Sector and to be crystalized in the Libyan General Organization for Industrialization which was established under a law on 8th March, 1970- The' said organization shall be a body corporate affiliated to
the Minister of Industry and Mineral Wealth. "The Organization shall be responsible for developing national economy in L.A.R. It is the main organ
to carry out the development plan. It lays down industrial development pro grammes arid takes pertinent stejis for approving the projects pertaining to such programmes, i.e. the arrangement for executing them whether directly or by way of participating with other party.
MINISTRY. OF. PETROLEUM, .. . ..
In view of the fact that very immense quantities of oil were discovered in Libya, and in view of the importance of this natural wealth in stepping up national economy, the Ministry of Petroleum was established including many
departments of ^which most important is the technical department which includes the following sectionss
1) Exploration Section
2) Refinery Section . . . ■
3) Inspection and Measurements Section 4) Production Section
The Ministry spares no effort to train Libyan technical manpower inside oil fields. So, Petroleum Law obliges oil companies operating in Libya to
lay down training programmes in all spheres of oil"besides the highly specialized missions dispatched"by such companies, chosen from Libyan University students for specialization and.obtaining, a higher degree in ;oil domains* Esso Co., established an institute for training on petroleum industry in Marsa Brega.
Annex VIII Page 38
NATIONAL PETROLEUM INSTITUTION
The Revolutionary Command Council issued a law on 30th March 1970 establishing the National Institution for Petroleum, This Institution is a body corporate and subordinate to the Minister of Petroleum- It is responsible for supporting national economy by developing, administering and exploiting the oil wealth in various stages. It is also responsible for establishing oil industries and distributing oil products. The Ins-tituion finished its study for establishing oil refinery in Zawia city.
It is establishing a petro-chemical compound in Benghazi city. It also participates in laying cut the imported and local oil products specifica tions.* For the purpose of supplying s-uch projects-with technical know-how, it dispatched'300 trainees to Algeria, Yugoslavia and West^-Germany; and two trainees for higher advanced studies. ... ■. .
MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND AGRICULTURAL REFORM;
The Ministry has several technical sections whose functions aret 1) '- To conduct researches and studies in kind'of soil and to create
methods of soil fertility. : '
2) To conduct new researches and investigations on agriculture and to find out the best agricultural crops which suit the Libyan soil and climate.
3) To create the best means for producing animal breed for the purpose of producing meats -and milks.
4) To create the best scientific means for fighting plant diseases 5) Water and Soil Conservation Section conducts exploration for ground water by modern scientific methods. . .
The section exploits such resources for irrigation in co-operation with the Technical Section, Ministry of Public Affairs.
6) ' Laboratories Section of the Ministry has a considerable role in analyses required for scientific research.
Annex VIII-Page 39
In view of importance of agriculture in Libya the Revolutionary Government pays due care to lay agricultural foundations on technical and studied basis. Accordingly, the Revolutionary Command Council issued a law establishing The General Institution for Agricultural Reform and Land Rehabili tations •: .Such institution participates in developing national economy in the sector of agricultural reform and l'*nd rehabilitation in all spheres. It also conducts the following:
r ..-;; l) To manage .and develop agricultural lands owned by State.
J 2) To compute, reclaim, rehabilitate^and plan barren lands.■
3) To work out programmes required for carrying out agricultural reclamation
projects-4) To design irrigation, reclamation and rehabilitation'projects and
their requirements, such as well drilling, erection of installations, utilities, roads, water and: electricity networks.
5) To lay down agricultural courses appropriate for cultivating, ex ploiting lands by proper economic and scientific methods.
6) To lay down programmes required for developing rural society.
7) To train on process connected with the institutions aims and purposes;
and to promote their productive efficiency.
THE DIRECTORATE GENERAL OF NATIONAL GUIDANCE - ■ ■
The department affiliates to,the Ministry of Education and National Guidance. It is engaged in culture and information affairs and technically supervise:
■ ;-.■■■ l) To establish, administer and supervise broadcasting stations 2) To establish broadcasting studies at any place in L.A.R.
3) To organize training courses for personnel and technicians of the broadcasting stations so as to promote their knowledge, to supply them with new broadcasting techniques and to polish their technical gifts.
Annex VIII Page 40
4) To dispatch educational and training missions abroad in coordination with the Ministry of Education.and National. Guidance represented "by the higher
-missions..authority. , . . ,; . ... .
5)- $6 create -national technical experiences in the field of television and broadcasting engineering by dispatching missions for specialization*
MINISTRY OF COMMUNICATIONS:
It'has many technical sections and departments responsible for drawing up roads, railways, bridges, etc.. The following departments and institutions
are affiliated to the Ministry:
POSTS & TELE GRAPE & TELEPHONE DEPARTMENT * ■ ' : It.is responsible for:
1) Perpetual action for expanding ground cables and automatic controls inside L.A.R.
2) Due care to outside communications by erecting communication net works with Arab land Europe, etc.,
LIBYAN AIRLINES INSTITUTION :,;..-. ■
It is responsible for:
1) work on establishing centres for air space control 2) supply airports with automatic runways
3) To co-operate in"fh%B 'field with brethren Arab and friendly countries by increasing airlines between such countries:and tibya.- There is now a
close cooperation in this important domain between L.A.R., U.A.R." and-the Sudan. A unified" airlines corporation:is under discussion and consideration,
GENERAL MARINE TRANSPORT- INSTITUTION: . },.-, -.;... . ;.
On 25th July'I97O a law was Issued by the Revolutionary Command Council establishing the General Marine Transport Institution. It is responsible
Annex VIII Page 41
for carrying out the general state policy in the field of marine transport.
Within the limits of its activity, it exerts efforts for promoting the
national economy.
METEOROLOGY DEPARTMENT
This Department gives the following services: