Frente aos resultados obtidos no presente estudo conclui-se que:
Observou-se a prevalência de homens, casados, com idade média de 58,61 ± 10,74 anos e caucasianos. São indivíduos com renda familiar média de 1,08 ± 0,77 salário mínimo/pessoa e com menos de 8 anos completos de educação formal. A maioria alegou não possuir hábitos de tabagismo e etilismo e a comorbidade mais prevalente entre eles é a hipertensão arterial sistêmica;
Entre os indivíduos com neoplasia colorretal, foi observado predomínio de KPS de 90% no início do tratamento antineoplásico com capecitabina e que possuíam IMC médio de 25,08±4,78 kg/m2. Quanto ao estadiamento
do tumor, houve predomínio de pacientes com estadios III e IV e, entre os pacientes que possuíam metástase à distância, o sítio predominante era o fígado e estavam submetidos em maioria ao protocolo XELOX;
Entre os pacientes com neoplasia gástrica, foi observado predomínio de KPS de 80% no início do tratamento antineoplásico com capecitabina e que possuíam IMC médio de 22,34±3,95 kg/m2. Quantp ao estadiamento
do tumor, houve predomínio de pacientes com estadio IV e, entre os pacientes que possuíam metástase à distância, o sítio predominante era o peritônio e estavam submetidos em maioria ao protocolo XELOX;
Mediante as toxicidades avaliadas, a náusea foi a mais frequente dentre as de ordem gastrointestinal; a anemia dentre as de ordem hematológica; a síndrome mão-pé dentre as toxicidades dermatológicas e a parestesia dentre as de ordem neurológica;
A adesão ao tratamento antineoplásico oral foi alta em todos os ciclos de tratamento avaliados. Quanto ao conhecimento do paciente em relação ao próprio tratamento, observou-se melhora do conhecimento entre o início da terapia e após o terceiro ciclo. Em relação a qualidade de vida geral dos pacientes, houve melhora significativa no domínio social e no domínio “dor”;
Quanto às variantes genéticas estudadas, as frequências alélicas na população de estudo foram determinadas: rs1801159 (31,63%), rs1801265 (90,82%), rs1801133 (62,89%) e rs1801131 (35,71%);
Tratando-se do gene DPYD, houve correlação entre a variante rs1801159 e aumento de creatinina sérica, além de uma relação inversa entre a variante e disgeusia, já que esta toxicidade foi correlacionada com o genótipo ancestral. Já a variante rs1801265 relacionou-se com diminuição de hemoglobina sérica e diarreia. Por fim, avaliando-se MTHFR, foi possível estabelecer correlação significativa entre rs1801133 e linfopenia .
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