Dans toute la présentation, un environnement de modélisation déterministe a été consideré. En pratique, l’ordonnancement est perturbé par divers aléas de production, notamment les défaillances des équipements. Les conséquences des arrêts des équipements sur les performances de l’atelier et, en particulier, sur les retards de fabrication des produits, ont ainsi amené à pourvoir les unités d’un service de maintenance complet et très impliqué dans le suivi de l’atelier.
Nous sommes conscients de la forte interaction production-maintenance. Une perspective majeure de l’étude consiste donc à proposer une modélisation des défaillances en s’inspirant des travaux de [CHA00]. La méthodologie en trois étapes proposée dans ce manuscrit rend envisageable le recours systématique à l’optimisation des phases de maintenance préventive du système de production.
Une perspective directe du point précédent concerne la supervision de la production dans un environnement multicritère, c’est-à-dire le suivi de l'état du système de production dans le but de détecter des non-performances et la réaction à ces aléas par la proposition de plans de production optimaux. Si le problème de la supervision d’ateliers a été largement abordé dans la littérature dédiée, peu de travaux portent encore sur le traitement de l’aspect multicritère.
Au moment de conclure ce mémoire il est espéré, que ce travail constitue un cadre conceptuel pour une méthodologie multicritère d’aide à la décision en ordonnancement et qu’il fournit les bases théoriques suffisantes pour appréhender les perspectives suggérées.
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