A validação do Experiences in Close Relationships Inventory para a população brasileira (estudo I), permitiu explorar uma série de associações de como as dimensões básicas dos estilos de apego poderiam influenciar em contextos relevantes para a Teoria da História de Vida. Além disso, até a validação dessa escala, nenhum instrumento que aferisse estilos de apego estava disponível para o Brasil. Assim, esse instrumento pode ser utilizado em pesquisas futuras envolvendo a teoria do apego.
No estudo II foi verificado o funcionamento do sistema de resposta ao estresse no contexto de estresse psicossocial e como as dimensões básicas dos estilos de apego e a sociossexualidade poderiam modular esse funcionamento. Pode-se concluir que ambas as dimensões de personalidade utilizadas foram preditores de diferenças no funcionamento do eixo HPA e do sistema nervoso autônomo. Todavia, divergências referentes a trabalhos prévios foram encontradas, sendo as mesmas discutidas em virtude da validade ecológica do tipo da tarefa utilizada e nas diferenças sexuais no
Predição 4.1: Indivíduos com alta ansiedade relacionada ao apego e/ou alta evitação relacionada ao
apego reportam menor satisfação no relacionamento.
Indivíduos com alta evitação relacionada ao apego reportaram menores níveis de satisfação no relacionamento. Parcialmente corroborada. Predição 4.2: Indivíduos com menor satisfação no relacionamento romântico
apresentam uma maior magnitude da reposta do cortisol durante a primeira
hora após o despertar quando comparados com
indivíduos apresentando uma maior satisfação.
Homens reportando maior satisfação no
relacionamento apresentaram uma
menor AUCg do cortisol. Mulheres com
elevados escores na mesma dimensão tiveram uma maior
AUCg do cortisol.
Parcialmente corroborada.
funcionamento do sistema de reposta ao estresse, bem como das dimensões básicas dos estilos de apego.
No contexto da excitação sexual, estudos prévios reportaram diferenças sexuais e individuais na resposta fisiológica durante um estímulo erótico, porém pouco foi investigado fatores relacionados a tais diferenças individuais. No estudo III, evidências preliminares de como diferenças individuais nos estilos de apego e na orientação sóciossexul poderiam refletir-se em padrões de reatividade do eixo HPA, bem como na manutenção da atividade do sistema nervoso autônomo (mensurado pela condutância da pele). Ainda, evidenciou-se a importância de investigar como tais diferenças podem ser específicas da orientação sexual do individual.
Estudos prévios investigaram a reatividade do eixo HPA em contextos específicos, como por exemplo, a indução do conflito entre casais. Verificou-se no estudo IV como as dimensões básicas dos estilos de apego e o funcionamento do eixo HPA poderiam influenciar na satisfação marital em um contexto naturalístico, no qual se intencionou retratar, em um dado momento, a interação entre essas variáveis. Além de ter sido encontrada interações entre satisfação marital e concentrações do cortisol, observou- se que tal interação foi sexo-específica.
Assim, esses estudos trazem contribuições na compreensão de como influências no ambiente de desenvolvimento do indivíduo refletem o desenvolvimento de diferentes estratégias comportamentais e perfis fisiológicos subjacentes a Teoria da História de Vida, os quais podem ter um funcionamento diferenciado em virtude do contexto.
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