Major Challenge 4: Implementing infrastructure and services for smart personal mobility and logisticsmobility and logistics

1.3.5.1.

Vision

An important future trend in transportation and mobility is the shift away from the paradigm of either exclusively personally owned or publicly operated modes towards integrated mobility solutions that are consumed as a service. Smart mobility services will establish more seamless, economic and sustainable mobility across all transportation modes in the smart cities of the future. This is enabled by combining transportation services from public and private providers through a unified IT platform and supported by jointly used physical and digital infrastructures. Both the transport of people and goods could be organised more efficiently in response to demand this way. The challenges to create smart multimodal spaces are covered in the chapter “Digital life – Major Challenge 4: Ensuring sustainable spaces”, the challenge to offer multimodal transport means is covered in this chapter.

1.3.5.2.

Scope and ambition

The solutions to be considered under this Major Challenge are manifold but highly depend on electronic components and systems; e.g. advanced V2X technology, traffic management systems, 2-/3-D navigation and guidance solutions in combination with mobility-as-a-service concepts will be fundamental to providing the optimal utilisation of new vehicle concepts for personal mobility and transportation in congested urban areas. These services will also be the basis for radically new mobility models – including robot taxis, shared self-driving shuttles and cooperative fleets of drones for last-mile delivery.

ECS-SRA 2020 — Strategic Research Agenda for Electronic Components and Systems

70

1.3.5.3.

Competitive situation and game changers

Countries such as Japan already have a communication infrastructure deployed that allows the development and full-scale testing of systems under real conditions. ECSEL needs such an environment to be able to develop competitive solutions. Regulations on V2X have e.g. pushed the development in the US to an acceleration.

V2X communication technology (ETSI ITS-G5 in Europe and US DSRC based on 802.11p) offers low latency short range communication in highly dynamic mobile environments, and is the basis for large scale deployments in several European countries. While the access layer technology has matured through extensive testing in the last decade, the main challenges in connected driving are vertical to the access layer: Safety-critical functions need to be ensured under security and privacy constraints. Services offered among infrastructure and vehicles need to discover in an ad-hoc fashion and made available in a seamless and transparent way. Automation functions such as platooning require very robust short-range wireless links with low latency. The same holds for guidance of vehicles by the traffic management and sharing of sensor perception between infrastructure and vehicles.

While the access technology is already available, communication protocols ensuring robustness and synchronisation with other services using shared communication channels need to be developed, along with the methodology. Especially the mobility domain is characterised by highly dynamic, open and interconnected systems of systems, which requires design methodologies to develop protocols for such open environments, which require appropriate design methodology to ensure safety and security.

Single vehicle data enables the traffic management to obtain the traffic status on a very fine granularity, but also gather information about environment (local weather conditions, slippery road etc.). This can be seen as an evolutionary path from today’s probe-vehicle data to comprehensive data allowing collaborative environment perception. Real-time data from infrastructure sensors will augment the vehicles perception capabilities.

Above technologies together with increasing difficulties to provide enough space for the increasing traffic especially in mega cities leads to radically new mobility concepts as mobility as a service. The paradigm shifts from owning the devices providing mobility to purchase only the services to move oneself or goods from one place to another. This requires new digital platforms and business systems to manage the mobility services with secure communication to the vehicles providing the mobility service.

The traffic management of the future needs to provide an optimal combination of different transport modes in response and anticipation of user demands. Traffic management will guide automated and non-automated vehicles. Road conditions, traffic situation, transport demands, weather conditions etc. need to be monitored in a fine-grained way using new infrastructure and distributed smart sensor technology including complex local pre-processing (e.g. machine learning).

New traffic sensor technology is required to support robust fine-grained mobility detection. Combinations of several technologies such as high-resolution short-range radars, time-of-flight cameras might be a way forward. Guidance systems for truck platoons and automated vehicles require robust wireless links in real-time, fast and reliable detection by on-board and infrastructure sensors and reliable connection of this data, such that the central traffic management or a lead vehicle of a platoon can be sure to communicate and interact with the vehicles which are perceived by its sensors.

1.3.5.4.

High priority R&D&I areas

The following research, development and innovations areas and their subtopics are identified:

„ V2x communication

„ Privacy by design

„ Traffic management for single-modes (multi-modal traffic management is covered in the WG “Digital Life”)

„ Management systems for multimodal transport means including necessary distributed smart sensors, interfaces, privacy protection, data management, traffic prediction, route optimisation

„ Guidance systems (remotely operated drones, trucks, ships, etc. …)

„ Mobility platforms for mobility as a service with seamless billing and payment systems (incl. e.g. personalised cards for users, usage of mobility services)

„ Mobility as a (smart) service communication, security and privacy systems

„ Predictive and remote maintenance

„ Efficient logistics in freight and goods

„ Vehicles offering services (also during parking) (e.g. WiFi extender, monitoring traffic density, airplanes acting as communication repeaters, etc. …)

„ Security and reliable availability of V2x communication

1.3.5.5.

Expected achievements

Development of further solutions for connectivity going from the individual car to the full system including infrastructure. This shall prepare the ground for the development of new services.

1.4.

MAKE

IT HAPPEN

Achieving the aforementioned goals requires the adoption of a focused strategic approach that combines R&D competencies from across Europe and involves all stakeholders in the value chain. Most of the mentioned research topics will require several innovation steps in order to solve technological barriers and establish adequate price levels of the semiconductor, sensor and system components and necessary embedded cyber-physical software base. Therefore, the cooperative research in at different TRL levels will be necessary in order to achieve the necessary innovation speed required to keep the European industry in the field of transportation and smart mobility at the forefront in the world. The TLR level of RDI work depends always on the position of the research partner working on a task in the supply chain. Low level components typically have higher TRL levels than the application systems, into which they are integrated. Therefore, all task in the roadmap can be addressed by RIA or IAs.

Special attention will have to be paid to the interaction with legislative actions in this domain and societal acceptance of highly automated vehicles and new business models of future mobility. Furthermore, standardisation will be crucial for future automated and autonomous cars, including the embedding of enhanced safety, security, and privacy protection features.

Finally, governments will need to increase the amount of pilot test sites on both private as well as public grounds.

ECS-SRA 2020 — Strategic Research Agenda for Electronic Components and Systems

72

1.5.

TIMEFRAMES

2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028

1 – CLEAN, AFFORDABLE AND SUSTAINABLE PROPULSION

Dans le document domaines couverts par l’agenda stratégique des composants et systèmes (Page 69-72)