accounting. The member countries should examine the possibility
of incorporating in the new institutional structure the specialised
committees and commissions created before the signing of the present
convention.
(ï)
The Council would make the necessary arrangement to study the
proper ways to enhance the process of integration. Priorities in
these studies would be given to regional transport infrastructure,
energy and telecommunications
,,.,,(2)
In six months after the putting into force of the present convention, the member countries establish the organs necessary
for
the functioning of the accord.
The central organ of the convention is the council in which
the member countries are represented equally, and whose decisions
must be unaniccus.
The organs of the convention would undertake the following
functions :
a. issuing the dispositions for the application of the obligations put forward by the convention|
A) prepare the negotiations and actions stipulated by the convention^
(1)
Article 44(2)
Article 45 then it would study the harmonization of investments codes,and of financial and social policies. Article 46 stipulates that all the conventions signed by the member countries before the present accord would not intervene and prevent the realization of its goals.
IDEP/ET/2340
Page 127
c. approve the deviations mentioned "by the accords;
d. regulate and settle the differences between the member country, stemming from the application of the convention;
e. supervise the fulfilling of obligations stated by the con¬
vention.
Between the date of the signing of the present accord and that of
the establishing of the mentioned organ, the conference of the ministers
of the Economy of the maghreb countries, the Standing consultative commit¬
tee of the maghreb, would undertake the attributions confined to the
council.
The conference of ministers, assisted by the Standing Committee
elaborates a protocole defining the organs of the accord and their com¬
petence.
(1 )
The present accord should be ratified by the member countries accord¬
ing to their constitutional
rules.(2)
It lasts for five years and is tobe extended by another year if a new convention is not concluded. The
member countries are determined to carry out another stage of integration
after the expiration of the present
convention.(3)
Without minimizing the effort made in preparing the convention, or the intensive studies proceeding its preparation, one may remark that the
convention is a typical example of the conventional types of economic integration.
First, it is an attempt to establish a limited overall free trade
area. With very little trade taking place between the Maghreb countries,
this approach is of little relevance to the Maghreb countries. Following
this approach, the convention finds itself obliged to embark upon a great
amount of details and exceptions which would distort the idea of free trade itself. For example, exceptions were made to the preferential
(ï)
Article 47. The "protocole is to be submitted to the approbation ofthe member countries, in
(twelve,
eighteen or twenty fourmonths)
afterthe validity of the convention.
(2)
Article48,
This convention was supposed to be put into force on the1st January 1970.
(Article 49)
(3)
After the fourth year by the latest, the council should begin the pre¬parations of the negotiations for the new accord.
(Article 50).
•'Page 12& ' :-
xodx-or;.,
*k*> v-ia.:-oôt LofixOTSisb eta sciitwsoo ledffiam
i t) .aoxifïovm iuoesox: ai 'f; ;:i"-i:i oaxcixo -'id a
•-- ?-V
íÍ'£(&'*lV Js'• T-*1 fx rr/K x.s'hd:'•
tariff and, quota, dispo,sitionsy-lf the,e.Anntry, ^fsntd ,txixprdtact ids in¬
fant indus-trios and;i-ts--balance--of.ipayment;ç-,.por
(facing;
ecQAUQiMi.o diffi¬culties or if it wants to develop its depressed areas,-/indeed? 'insist of
the regions of the underdeveloped countries are
depressed),
and it can free itself from theobligations
of the treaty iffit -finds itself losingfrom- the economic
integrhtion'riccoixs,
ind "so on and Soh^'orth.-Becon-dly-, !avltlihugh|-xth^ ;im.pgr;tnn<^L jpf: industry ?iií)x:fh@r:'±^o<i0his of
econotaic development 'oannotr be:-stressed,-further
p(i)
uarid ti-lfhoug there are /several standard research works.in the. industrial fic-ld,. linderhalcen bythe ECA, and pits Tangier -suh^regional office ashwóíUh--ôS.—by^-sx:4se—other U.v0 todc'V-h - H o.'l nd oi ox oiooctcx,] rutl -tTlv oioxtii
"ft')'
organisations and :by the- ,CPCN..It-se.lf;,..the provisions''..in,.the;..treaty
fox-industrial integration were general, vague, and
meieiiy
ifeGOtïmendations.i ;h ; r, :..p V-n\-"?r. , ,r , 7 ».
yV' 4" ''X —'j J_.'_j tW'.jh j v,-*>•yj.i.••-' J ÙI
As the levels of development in the area.--are.«.still very low-, and if
;ii.|g',r-i•; /iSP0: .:.XJ l-X./l XXíhjí-' iRi S?H0;f8 SXO-W/fX4*ixh y'ig Upi"1' Hr industriaiization is' indespensablè for--a reasonable -rate' of growth, so the convention overlooked the most important fact that economic integration
is a means to develop, in other words a means to industrialise.
Thirdly, in "the field'of infrastructure and services i.e. transport
and communications, water projects, education., tourism,
(a field
whichis popular and easy to agree upon, not to speak of its.
usefulness),
the treaty was almost silent.Last hut not least, the institutional framework was. not.drawn up by the treaty, leaving this essential arrangement to the Conference of
Ministers»
(ï)
See the first section of this study.IDEP/ET/2340
Page 12 9
III - INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK.
In order to create the maghreb economic community certain institu¬
te! nor v
-tions have had to be established. These institutions are intended to
O\Cfx'v.r-jai ;' r
help in executing the principles upon which
agreement
hadbeen made
">'v1'T.
between the four countries and also in the operation of the maghreb
scheme for integration. We shall expose these institutions as they