[PDF] Top 20 “Problem Practices” in EU Competition Law

... II-error problem
Firms are not necessarily doing anything wrong => “ Problem ” (Lowe, 2009 talking of “ competition problem ”)
Though problem stems from firms’ conduct => ... Voir le document complet

... Competition law does not only address collusive behavioural practices between two or more market operators, but also addresses particular market behaviour by single ...workable competition ... Voir le document complet

... with competition law obligations “in particular regarding hardcore restrictions of ...competition”. In the case at hand, the Court refused to exempt a resale price maintenance clause ... Voir le document complet

... 4. Competition law in practice 1. Goals In United States (US) and Europe competition laws have three main elements in ...or practices that tend to give way to a dominant ... Voir le document complet

... behaviour. In doing so, both provisions presuppose that those undertakings are somehow stable and existing market actors existing independently and concluding agreements or engaging in potentially abusive ... Voir le document complet

... UCPD in a behaviourally­informed manner faces two major challenges, which Tor calls ‘the material distortion challenge’ and the ‘aver­ age consumer ...baseline problem, which is inherent to the test  ... Voir le document complet

... many practices were considered as per se unlawful, regardless of their actual ...numerous practices among: horizontal price‐fixing agreements (these were treated as crimes); tying arrangements; vertical ... Voir le document complet

... engaging in a ‘single and continuous exclusionary strategy’ that con- sisted of both acquiring technology that would have allowed generic manufacturers to make a product that did not infringe Servier’s process ... Voir le document complet

... result in courts answering the purely normative question ‘is the practice “contrary to professional diligence” – or “in accordance with good business practices”’ – and (implicitly) infer that, if it ... Voir le document complet

... operators in the rele- vant sector which are also affected by the anticompetitive practices of the members of a ...participating in a cartel is not sufficient, in itself, to es- tablish the ... Voir le document complet

... period. In addition, Michelin's competitors had reinforced their position on the market and new manufacturers had entered the ...difficulties in industries with declining total average costs due to the ... Voir le document complet

... falling in the remaining category—Category ...raise competition law concerns. The problem with this category is that it includes almost every form of settlement that would seem to fall within ... Voir le document complet

... agreement in question. This may be especially problematic in cases where pro-competitive effects cannot be excluded or where the assessment of the agreement is rather complex or ...example, in the ... Voir le document complet

... CHANGES IN THE MARKETPLACE … Articles 101 and 102 TFEU seek to regulate – or at least structure – undertakings’ market ...behaviour. In doing so, both provisions presuppose that those undertakings are ... Voir le document complet

... Last, we write LAS (resp. GAS) for locally (resp. globally) asymptotically stable. II. A SIMPLE MODEL OF INFESTATION BY Wolbachia The simplified compartment model we introduce includes two life stages: a preliminary one, ... Voir le document complet

... case law or the so-called principle of international exhaustion) yield welfare-reducing effects on consumers (LSE 2004, ...availability in low price countries (Gallini and Hollis, ... Voir le document complet

... is in order at this ...of law in order to take into account the different nature of the international legal ...borne in mind during the process of exter- nalising the rule of ...of law, ... Voir le document complet

... Alternatively, competition authorities might delay the moment when a filing is “complete” (to delay starting the formal deadlines), send requests for information to “stop the clock”, or simply be obliged to open a ... Voir le document complet

... Cette année, c’était au service de droit romain et de droit privé comparé de la Faculté de Droit, de Sciences politiques et de Criminologie de l’Université de Liège que reve- nait l’ho[r] ... Voir le document complet

... case law or the so-called principle of international exhaustion) yield welfare-reducing effects on consumers (LSE 2004, ...availability in low price countries (Gallini and Hollis, ... Voir le document complet