Cubero J.I. (ed.), Saxena M.C. (ed.).
Present status and future prospects of faba bean production and improvement in the Mediterranean countries
Zaragoza : CIHEAM
Options Méditerranéennes : Série A. Séminaires Méditerranéens; n. 10 1991
pages 75-78
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--- Mesa-García J., García-Torres L. Statu s of Oroban ch e cren ata in faba bean in th e Mediterran ean region an d its con trol. In : Cubero J.I. (ed.), Saxena M.C. (ed.). Present status and future prospects of faba bean production and improvement in the Mediterranean countries. Zaragoza : CIHEAM, 1991. p.
75-78 (Options Méditerranéennes : Série A. Séminaires Méditerranéens; n. 10)
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Status of Orobanche crenata in faba bean
J. MESA-GARCíA*
L. GARCíA-TORRES**
*CENTRO DE INVESTIGACIÓN DESARROLLO AGRARIO (CIDA) APDO. 240, 14071 CORDOBA, SPAIN
**CONSEJO SUPERIOR DE INVESTIGACIONES CIENTíFICAS (CSIC) APDO. 240, 14071 CORDOBA, SPAIN
- Orobanche crenata is a weed infesting the and
and sowing date affect Orobanche infestation. methods have been estab-
lished although most of them not fully effective The use of glyphosate to be
a method; the of applications an effective depend on the conditions.
- "Situation actuelle et contrôle de dans la culture de fève dans la région méditerranéenne".
est une mauvaise herbe parasite qui iifeste la région méditerranéenne et le
parcelles, la rotation des cultures, l'irrigation, la fertilisation, la variété et la date de semis sont des facteurs qui affectent l'infestation par Dz8érentes méthodes de contrôle ont été établies, mais la plupart d'entre elles ne sont pas totalement efficaces ou sont très chères. Les traitements avec l'herbicide glyphosate se sont avérés opérants, et il semble que ce sont les conditions environnementales qui déterminent le nombre nécessaire d'applications pour obtenir un contrôle efficace.
Distribution and incidence
is a weed found the
and the East.
on its and incidence have been
by (1969); specific have been given
by Schmitt (1978) et al.
(1984b) in Andalucía Spain) and
and Saxena (1987) in a study of
the 78% of the cultivated of crenata was in 78% of the fields studied, completely de-
yield in 2% of the fields.
Spain, crenata was in 85% of the fields, caus- ing infestations (at least 1 to 2
plant) in about 20% of them. Annual loss in yield was
calculated at the level at 1 million
U.S. the most damaging impact of O.
crenata has been that delay the inclusion of faba
bean in in to avoid the of
Orobanche, thus limiting the of this
O. crenata of the fields in the
East a
yield loss of 5-24% in faba bean because of crenata.
In
Egypt, et al. in yield loss,in 30-70%
et al., 1969).
a competition study,
(1984) established an equation between Orobanche (ON) and yield loss (L) as:
L = 100 0.124 ON to this equation, of, on
age, faba bean by half.
Factors affecting incidence
the et al. (1984b), the
ults showed that time between successive of the field and no
the of infestations. spacing, sima-
zine application, and did not
edly affect and of infestations. We below these elements:
-
Fieldfields This is
in
- - 10 - 1991: 75-78
(1973a) who studied the effect of on of O. crenata.
- is ob-
vious that inclusion of that Orobanche development, and thus high seed
infestations et
al., 1986).
- conditions deve-
in the
can induce
- N
of O. crenata infestations vitro conditions
ditions with was
not of O. crerzata infestations
et al., 1984a).
- faba bean
to O. crenata exist in-
of genetic in
faba not
successful.
- Sowing date: Advancing of the sowing date in- infestations
and 1986; et al., 1987). This may be due to the of Orobanche attachment
volume in the sowings.
conditions of O. crenata have 11 days of at 18 “C,
centage of Orobanche seeds 18-23
Attachment seems to be affected by the development of the host. Schmitt et al. (1979) in
that at- tachment can coincide in the latest plant- ing dates but not in the it can coincide with the vegetative development of the especially
in that the Orobanche attach-
is
mental this is a
need
to Orobanche in When O.
crenata is shoot bud
and still
nean) competition between the
be out
these stages
Control
to O. cre-
nata. an of sus-
ceptible have been to Oro-
banche this method the
legume which of
in the
in the sowing date useful to the ~
effects of the do not avoid
the infestations. On the sowing dates
of in to achieve
and Saxena, 1986).
to Orobanche in
is in this
so been limited.
of induce Orobanche
seed et al., 1976). These com-
pounds capable of the when ap-
that these compounds could be put to to application methods, time between application of the stimulant and sowing of a susceptible and
to be in and
The use of soil is effective in the of the
the use of ethyl
of the high cost of these
use is high value in
limited
The use of plastic to the soil has also been effective (Jacobson et al., 1980) but has limita- tions as the use of chemical soil
is effective in ducing the infestation, but Orobanche infestation is gen-
in
The use of the the ability
to make Orobanche not
development, can of Orobanche
seeds in the soil. et al.
O. crenata seeds with flax.
of them not effective in the of the et al., 1980) and glypho-
sate be effective in the
of Orobanche. the effective
at be economically useful in extensive also seem to be quite
et al., 1989).
Glyphosate is in the
of crenata in faba the
its et al. (1984a)
have studied its
by Schmidt et al. (1978) showed that a application of 120 g a.i./ha with Orobanche in the
a second application at 60 g a.i./ha at the bud stage two applications at 60 g a.i./ha with the Orobanche in
the stage effective. Jacobson and
with two applica- it is
that even a high of Orobanche is not enough to
part of faba due to the
of in the
due et
al. (1980) pointed out that 3
of the
and (1986) in have high
with only one application.
that one application in to con- Orobanche sown in the dates. With infestations and sowing dates, 2-3 applications
infestations a second applica- the sowing dates the
cycle is of applications
its the
development cycle of the the
need of the of the
in
References
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- 78 -
