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E le braccia diventarono uomini e donne. Un progetto di cittadinanza attraverso il cinema.

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E le braccia diventarono uomini e donne. Un progetto di cittadinanza attraverso il cinema.

LA BARBA, Morena Maria

Abstract

“La realtà culturale svizzera è anche la realtà della cultura dell'emigrato e di ciò bisogna prenderne conoscenza, e con molta chiarezza”: questo pensavano ed esprimevano pubblicamente i membri dei cineclub delle Colonie Libere Italiane (CLI) nella seconda metà degli anni Sessanta. In anni segnati da iniziative xenofobe e proposte di assimilazione, le CLI inventano un progetto visionario di integrazione e di cittadinanza. Le attività dei cineclub permettono l'espressione delle diversità e il dialogo tra svizzeri e italiani, creando una comunità solidale di spettatori cittadini. Alcuni di questi spettatori diventeranno autori di un

“nuovo cinema” che cambierà il paesaggio identitario di un paese in preda ai paradossi e alle contradizioni della modernizzazione. Uno sguardo retrospettivo che può aiutare a pensare e ad agire sul presente dei fenomeni migratori.

LA BARBA, Morena Maria. E le braccia diventarono uomini e donne. Un progetto di cittadinanza attraverso il cinema. Terra Cognita , 2015, no. 27, p. 48-51

Available at:

http://archive-ouverte.unige.ch/unige:84645

Disclaimer: layout of this document may differ from the published version.

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