Article pp.99-116 du Vol.2 n°1 (2010)

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Intelligence Économique, Intelligence Territoriale et cabinets de conseils :

une observation des prestations proposées en France par les cabinets de conseils spécialisés en Intelligence Économique,

Knowledge Management, Innovation, Prospective et développement Durable

³ Par Stéphane Goria

Maître de Conférences en Sciences de l’Information et de la Communication Équipe de recherche SITE, Laboratoire LORIA, Université Nancy 2

Résumé

Depuis quelques années, nous explorons les pratiques et les prestations proposées par différents dispositifs d’Intelligence Territoriale (IT). Ces derniers sont généralement pro- posés ou soutenus par des villes, des départements ou des régions et prennent le plus souvent la forme de pôles de compétitivité, de clusters d’entreprises, de systèmes pro- ductifs locaux ou de portails d’information. De plus, nous nous sommes aussi intéressés à la conception du Territoire en tant que champs d’investigation tel qu’un marché pour une entreprise. À ce titre, nous nous proposons de comparer sous l’appellation ITé (IT éten- due) les prestations de cinq panels de vingt cabinets de conseils exerçant sur le sol fran- çais spécialisés dans l’une des prestations souvent proposées par les dispositifs d’IT que sont : l’Intelligence Économique, le Knowledge Management, l’Innovation, la Prospective ou le Développement Durable. Ainsi, nous signalons les territoires de pratique de l’ITé de ces cabinets. Ce à partir de quoi, nous proposons une schématisation de l’évolution des stratégies de territorialité des organisations. © 2010 Lavoisier SAS. Tous droits réservés

Mots clés : Intelligence territoriale, intelligence économique, gestion des connaissances, innovation, prospective, développement durable, marché, cartographie, visualisation d’information.

Abstract

Economic Intelligence, Territorial Intelligence and consulting firms : An observation of services proposed in France by consulting firms with a specialization in Eco- nomic Intelligence, Knowledge Management, Innovation, Prospective and Sustai- nable Development. We have been exploring practices and functionalities proposed by different Territorial Intelligence (IT) systems in the last few years. They are proposed or have

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the support of towns, counties, regions, and most often they form competitiveness clusters, company clusters, industrial districts or information portals. In addition, we are interested in the Territory conception when it is considered as an investigation field like a market for a company. With this idea, we propose to compare with the name : ITé (IT expanded), the functionalities of five sets of consulting agencies with an activity on french territory specialised in one of these IT system functionalities : Competitive Intelligence, Knowledge Management, Innovation, Prospective or Sustainable Development. With this, we can signal the territories of ITé practices of these consulting agencies. This helps us to propose a schematization of organization territoriality strategies. © 2010 Lavoisier SAS. All rights reserved

Keywords : Territorial intelligence, economic intelligence, competitive intelligence, knowledge management, innovation, futur studies, sustainable development, market, map, information visualization.

Introduction

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1http://www.intelligence-territoriale.eu/index.php/fre/Projets/Action-de-Coordination-du-R % C3 % A9seau-Europ % C3 % A9en-d % E2 % 80 % 99Intelligence-Territoriale-caENTI (testé le 12 juin 2010)

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2 http://www.olf.gouv.qc.ca/ressources/gdt.html (testé le 13 juin 2010)

3 http://atilf.atilf.fr/tlf.htm (testé le 13 juin 2010)

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2. L’étude des cabinets de conseils en ITé

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Figure 8. Changements de territorialité et de regard organisationnel en fonction des caractéristiques du territoire

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