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التشوھات الوراثیة عند الإنسان وعلاقتھا بالثلوث البيئي

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(1)

ﻨ ﺜ ﻴ ﺫ ﺃ ﺩ ﺸ لﻴﻨ ﺭﻜﺫ

ﺩ ﺩ ﺇ ﺭﺸﺇ :

::

·· ﻨ ﻴﺸ ﻨ ﻴﺸ

ﻨﻜ

ﻨﻜ

·· ﻴ لﻴﺼ ﻴ لﻴﺼ ــ

ﺩ ﺩ

·· ﻨﺤ ﺤﺭ ﻨﺤ ﺤﺭ ــ

ﺸ ﻨ ﻨﺠ ﺸ ﻨ ﻨﺠ ::

●● ﺫﺫ

:: ﺩ ﺤ ﺭ ﺩ ﺤ ﺭ ..

...

...

........

ﻴ ﺭﻴ ﺭ ــ ..

●● ﺫﺫ

: : ﻜﻜ ...

...

ﺭﺸﺭﺸ ..

●● ﺫﺫ

:: ـﻴﻨ ﺤ ـﻴﻨ ﺤ ........

...

...

...

...

...

...

ﻨﺤﻨﺤ ..

ﻴ ﺠ ﻨ ﻴ ﺠ ﻨ ::

20102010 --

20112011

ﺠ ﺩ ﺠ ﺩ 20112011

ـﻴ ﺸ ـﻴﻁ ﺭ ﻴﺩ ـﻴﺭ ﺯﺠ ـﻴﺭ ﺠ

République Algérienne Démocratique Populaire

\

ﻴ ﺭ ﺯ ﻴ ﺭﺩ

ﺭ ﺯﺠ ﻴ ﻴ ﻁ Ministère de l’Enseignement Supérieur

et de la Recherche Scientifique Ecole Normale Supérieure Vieux Kouba – Alger

Département de Sciences Naturelles

ﺭﻜﺫ

:

تﺎـھﻮ ﺘ ا ﯿﺛارﻮ ا

ـﺔ نﺎ ﻹا ﺪ ﻋ ﺘﻗﻼﻋو

ـ

ﺎﮭ ﻲﺌــﯿ ا ثﻮ ـ ﺘ ﺎ

(2)

ﺱﺭ ﻔ ﻔﺼ

...

...

...

...

. 01

لﺼﻔ ل ﻷ

:

І ﻴ ﻴﺭ - .

...

. . 03

ІІ ﻲ ﻴﺒ -

...

. 03

-1 ﻴﺭ ﻴ

...

. ..

04

ІІІ عاﻮﻧأ- ﻲﺌﯿ ا ثﻮ ﺘ ا ...

. ..

04

-1 ...

...

...

. ..

04

- 1-1 ﺀ

...

...

. ...

04

1 - 2 ﺀ -

...

..

..

05

-1 -3 ﺭ

...

...

. . 05

-1 -4 ﺀ ﺫ

...

..

..

05

-2 ﺭﻴ

...

..

. 05

2 - 1 ﻴ ﺭ ﻜ -

...

...

. ..

..

05

-2 -2 ...

..

. 06

ІV - . ...

...

...

. ..

06

-1 ﻴﺭ ...

. . 06

-2 ﻴ ...

..

. 06

-2 -1 ﺭﻅ ...

. ....

06

-2 -2

ﺭ ﻴ

...

06

-2 -3 ﻴ ﻴ ﺭﻅ ﺠ ...

...

. . ...

07

-2 -4 ﻴ ﻴ

...

...

. . ..

07

-2 -4 -1 ﻴ ﻴﺯﻴ ﺜ

...

...

..

. . 07

-2 -4 -2 ﻴ ﻴ ﻴﻜ ﺜ

...

. ...

. ..

11

-2 -4 -3 ﻴ ﺫ ﺜ

...

. ...

16 . ﻴﺜ ﺭ :ﻲﻨ ﺜ لﺼﻔ

І ﻔﻴﺭ - ...

22...... ﻴﺜ ﺭ ﺸ ﺭ ﻴﺒﺴﻨ ﻴﻁ ﻤ -ІІ 23

ІІІ ﺸ ﻑﻴﻨﺼ -

ﻴﺜ ﺭ ...

23

-1 ﻴ

ﺭ ل ﺜ ﺯ ل

...

24

-1 -1 ﺭ ل

...

...

. 24

-1 -2 ﺜ

...

...

24

-1 -3 ﺜ

...

...

..

24.

-1 -4 ﺭ

...

...

. 25

(3)

– 2 ﻴ

ﺠﺭ ...

...

. . ...

25

-2 -1 ﻴ ﻴ

...

...

...

25

-2 -2 ﺭ

...

25

- 3 ﺭ ﻴ

ﻴ ﻜ ﺠ ...

...

26

-3 -1 ﺭﺜﻜ

...

26

-3 -2 ﺠ ﻴ

...

26

Les hémiteries- 3-3 ...

..

...

. . ...

26

-3 -4 ...

. ...

26

-4 ﻴ ﺯ ﺭﻜ

...

...

...

. ...

27

-4 -1 ﻴ ﺠ ﺯ ﺭﻜ

. ...

...

. ...

27

-4 -2 ﻴ ﺠ ﺯ ﺭﻜ

...

....

28

-5 ﺯ ﺠ ﻴ

...

...

...

. . . ....

30

-5 -1 ﺯ ﺠ

...

..

...

...

. . . . ..

30

-5 -2 ﺠ

...

...

34

-5 -3 ﺯ ﺠ

...

38

-5 -4 ـ ﻴ ﻴ

..

...

....

...

. ...

42

-5 -5 ﺯ ﺠ

...

...

..

. ....

46

-5 -6 ﺯ ﺠ

...

...

...

47

-5 -7 ﺭ ﻴ

...

...

...

...

...

49

-5 -8 ﻴ

...

51

-5 -9 ﻴ ﺠ ﺀ

...

...

...

52 . ﻴﺜ ﺭ : ﺜ لﺼﻔ

І ﺴﻤ لﻤ -

.

-1 ﻴ ﺠ ﺭ ﺭ ﺭ ﺭﺜ ﻴ

...

....

58

-2 ﺜ ﺭ ﻴ ل ﺭﻴﺜ ...

...

59

-3 ﻴ ﻴ ﻴﺭ ﺭﺜ ﻴ ﺭ

...

..

59

-4 ل ﺭﺠ ...

...

...

...

60

-5 ﺭ ﹼ ...

...

...

60

ІІ ﻴﺜ ﺭ ﺸ ﺒﺴﺃ - .

-1 ﻴﺜ ﺭ

...

...

61

-1 -1 ﻴ ﻴﺠ ﺭ ...

...

...

61

-1 -1 -1 ﻴﺠ ﺭ ...

...

61

-1 -1 -2

 ﺭ ﻴﺠ

...

...

61

-1 -2 ﻴ ﺯ ﺭﻜ ﺭ .

...

...

61

-2 ﻴﺠﺭ

...

...

...

62

-2 -1

ﻴ ﺭ

...

62

(4)

-2 -1 -1 ﻴ

) Rubeole (

...

62

-2 -1 -2 Cytomégalovirus ...

...

....

63

-2 -1 -3 ﺱ ﺭ ) (Herpès ...

63

-2 -1 -4 ﻴ ﻴ ﺯ

) ...(Grippe asiatique .

...

..

63

-2 -1 -5 Toxoplasmose ...

64

-2 -1 -6 ﺭ ﺯ ) (Syphilis ...

64

-2 -2 ﻴ ﻴ ﻴﻜ ﻴ ﻴﺯﻴ ل

...

...

...

64

-2 -2 -1 ﻴ ﻴﺯﻴ ل

...

...

65

-2 -2 -1 -1 ﻴ ﻴﺯﻴ ل ﺭﻴﺜ ل ﻴ ﻴﺭﺠ

...

....

65

-2 -2 -1 -2 ﻴ ﻴﺯﻴ ل ﺭﻴﺜ ...

..

...

67

-2 -2 -2 ﻴ ﻴ ﻴﻜ ل

...

...

...

69

-2 -2 -2 -1 ﻴ ﻴ ﻴﻜ ﺭﻴﺜ ل ﻴ ﻴﺭﺠ

...

...

69

-2 -2 -2 -2 ﻴ ﻴ ﻴﻜ ل ﺭﻴﺜ ...

..

..

72

-2 -2 -2 -3 ﻴﺭﻜﺫ ﻴﺭﺜ ﻜ ﻴ ﻴ ﻴ ﻴﻜ ﺭﻴﺜ ...

. ...

73

-2 -2 -2 -4 ﻴﺭﺜ ﻜ ﻴ ﻴ ﻴ ﻴﻜ ﺭﻴﺜ ﻴ ﺜ

...

..

..

73

-2 -3 ل ﻴ ﺠ ﻴ

...

73

ﺼﻼ ...

74

...

78

ﺠ ﺭﻤ ...

...

80

(5)

ﺔــــــــــﻣﺪﻘﻣ

1

ـــ :

ﻜ ل ﺤ ، ل ﺤ ﺫ ﻹ

ﻜ ، ﺤ ﺤ ، ﺭ ﺤ ﺠ ﺤ

،

ﺫ ، ﺭ ﺜ ﺫ ﻜ ــ

 ﻹ ل

ـ ﺭ

ﺜ ﺤ ﺠ ﻜ ﺭ ﻅ ، ﺭ

، ـ  ـ

ﺭﺯ

، ﺭ ﺜ ﺠ ﺯﺭ ـ

لﺜ ، ــ

 ـ ﻅ ـ

ﺯ ـ

ﺫ ﺭ ، ﺭ

ﺤ ﺭ ، ﺭ ﻷ ﺜ ل ﻜ

ﹼ ــ

ﺭ ـ ﻲ ﻴﺒ ﻭ ﺭ ﺜ ﺭ ﺭ ﹼ ﺫ ،

ـ ﺤﻷ

.

ﻷ ﺭﻅ ـ

ﺭ ﺤ ﺭ ،

ـ ﺠ

ﺠ ، ﻹ ﺤ ﺜ ﺠ ﺭ ﺜ

ــ

ﻴﺜ ﺭﻭ ﻫﻭﺸ ،

ـ ﺜ ﺫ ﻷ ﺭ ﺤ ـ

،ل ﺤ ﺭ ل

، ﺭ ﻷ ل ﺜ ﺤ ﺯ ﺭ  ﺤﺭ ﺫ

ﻜ ﻹ ــ

: 1 تﺎھﻮ ﻟا ﻲھﺎﻣ(

؟

2 ﺔﯿﺛارﻮﻟا تﺎھﻮ ﻟا ﻲھﺎﻣ(

؟

3

ﻭﺸ ﻭ ﻲ ﻴﺒ ﻭ ﻴﺒ ﻼﻋ ﺩﺠﻭ لﻫ (

؟ ﻴﺜ ﺭﻭ ﻫ

لﺠ ﻹ ﺫ ﺠ ﺠﺭ ﺭ

ـ 

، ــ ﺭ ، ﺜ ــ

ــ

، ﺫ .

ﺱ ﺤ ـ

ﺤ ، ﻹ ل ﺤ ﺭ

ــ

، ــ

ﺠ ﻷ ﺯ ﻜﺭ ﺭ ﺭ .

،ل ﺜ ﺭﻜﺫ ﺠ ل ﻷ ل ل

، ـ

ل

، ﺜ ، ﺭ ﺭ

، ﺭ ﺭ

 . ﺜ ﺭ ﺭ ﺜ ل

ـ ; ، ﺭ

(6)

ﺔــــــــــﻣﺪﻘﻣ

2

 . ــ ﺜﻹ ﺫ ، ﺜ ﺭ ﺭ ﺜ ل

ﺜ ﺭ

.

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