HAL Id: hal-01206457
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Submitted on 29 Sep 2015
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DEVELOPMENT OF A NEW Synthesis POLYMER GLASS FOR CULTURAL HERITAGE WITH
ENHANCED ABRASION RESISTANCE
Mickaël Berrebi, Isabelle Fabre-Francke, Odile Fichet, Bertrand Lavédrine
To cite this version:
Mickaël Berrebi, Isabelle Fabre-Francke, Odile Fichet, Bertrand Lavédrine. DEVELOPMENT OF A NEW Synthesis POLYMER GLASS FOR CULTURAL HERITAGE WITH ENHANCED ABRASION RESISTANCE. CRCC50, Oct 2013, Paris, France. �hal-01206457�
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
0 25 50 75 100
% Recovery
wt% PCR39
Storage modulus of IPNs between those of PMMA an PCR39® networks
Morphology of phase co-continuity
PMMA is used by many artists to produce artworks. It is also widely applied in conservation for the framing to protect artifacts during exhibitions and especially travelling exhibitions.
Synthesis
DEVELOPMENT OF A NEW POLYMER GLASS FOR
CULTURAL HERITAGE WITH ENHANCED ABRASION
RESISTANCE
http://crcc50.sciencesconf.org
CR39® (2575)
MMA (2575)
EGDMA (010)
DCPD BPO
+ +
Monomers
3h30 at 35°C, 2h at 80°C, and 1h à 100°C Thermal initiators
Network formation
Total conversion of monomer Followed by FTIR spectroscopy in the Near IR
Soluble fraction < 1%
Correct crosslinking of polymers Transparent materials
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6
20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200
Tan Delta
Temperature °C
148°C
130°C
115°C
104°C 90°C
PMMA
PCR39®
50/50
25/75
75/25
1 10 100 1000 10000
20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200
Storage Modulus (MPa)
Temperature °C
PMMA 25/75
50/50 75/25
PCR39®
ThermoMechanical properties
Only one peak detected :
Correct interpenetration of both networks
PMMA
25/75
50/50
75/25
PCR39®
Performed at 1Hz, 3°C/min
In situ sequential synthesis
Unfortunately PMMA is very sensitive to abrasion and after few years, the visual appearance of the artwork is impacted.
To improve the PMMA properties, protective coatings have been implemented (such as anti-scratching, anti-UV, anti-reflects etc.) but the price make it unaffordable for many museums and artists
.
Isabelle Fabre-Francke
1, Odile fichet
1, Bertrand Lavédrine
2Introduction
PMMA has already been combined with other polymers by copolymerization.
An other way consists to combine PMMA with other polymers in a Interpenetrating Polymer Networks (IPN) architecture
This embodiment allows obtaining :
• dimensional stability
• forced miscibility
• combination of properties of associated polymers
The selected strategy is to associate polycarbonate (PCR39®) to enhance the PMMA properties in a one block polymer glasses.
Characterizations
Scratch resistance : performed with a sclerometer « Micro-Visio-Scratch »
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Pression (MPa)
%wt PCR39
0.04 0.06 0.08 0.1 0.12 0.14 0.16 0.18
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Déformation
%wt PCR39
The limit pressure
decreases with increase of
PCR39® ratio
The limit
deformation increases with increase of
PCR39® ratio
PMMA PCR39®/PMMA
(50 / 50) IPN
PCR39®
Damage analysis and Analysis of the scratch recovery :
Combination of the damage mechanisms in the IPN
Introducing PCR39® provides scratch recovery properties
27µm 23µm
Conclusions
• Synthesis of a new material : PCR39®/PMMA IPN with different compositions
• Mechanical surface properties enhanced compared to those of PMMA such as new properties of recovery
• Advantages of PCR39® without its drawbacks (yellowing)
• Use of nanoparticles to enhance the abrasion resistance
• Development of an UV sensor embedded in the glass
Work in progress
Improvement of the scratch resistance by adding PCR39®
-1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2
-0.5 -0.4 -0.3 -0.2 -0.1 0 0.1 0.2 0.3
b
a
Artificial ageing test :
Ageing conditions : 50°C, 100% Relative Humidity, 21 days
PCR39®
75/25
50/50
25/75
PMMA
Analysis performed with a Colorimeter : measure of the L,a and b coefficient
No yellowing observed with IPNs compared with PCR39®
Mickaël BERREBI, PhD
1 day 90 days
1 Laboratoire de Physicochimie des Polymères et des Interfaces
2 Centre de Recherche sur la Conservation des Collections
Acknowledgment
• We thank the PATRIMA foundation for financial support
