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THE MÖSSBAUER EFFECT OF SMALL PARTICLES OF GOLD

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HAL Id: jpa-00216771

https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/jpa-00216771

Submitted on 1 Jan 1976

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THE MÖSSBAUER EFFECT OF SMALL PARTICLES

OF GOLD

M. Viegers, J. Trooster

To cite this version:

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JOURNAL DE PHYSIQUE Colloque C6, supplkment au no 12, Tome 37, Ddcembre 1976,

page

C6-293

M.

P.

A.

VIEGERS and J.

M.

TROOSTER Research Institute for Materials

University of Nijmegen, Toernooiveld, Nijmegen The Netherlands

R6sum6.

-

Nous avons ktudik neuf kchantillons d'or en microcristaux, enrobks dans la gklatine gel& et dont le diamhtre moyen est compris entre 30 et 170A. Le d6placemert isom6rique et la fraction Mossbauer ( f a )

a

4,2 K sont indiquks dans le tableau.

Apparemment il n'y a pas de corrklation entre le dkplacement isomkrique et le diamctre des particules, mis i part que toutes les particules prksentent un dkcalage positif par rapport

a

l'or massif.

A 4,2 K, fa ne pr6sente pas d'6cart notable par rapport a la vaIeur de l'or massif (18,90

%).

Cependant, lorsque Ia temperature augrnente,

fa

diminue plus vite que dans l'or massif, avec une dkcroissance plus rapide pour les plus petites particules. L'analyse de la variation thermique de

fs

n'est pas possible avec les hypothkses habituelles concernant la modification du spectre de pho- nons (frkquence de coupure basse ou contribution des modes de surface et d'arete

A

l'amplitude de vibration). Au contraire, on rnontrera qu'il faut faire intervenir l'amplitude de vibration de la particule comme un tout. Cette vibration cache tous les effets de taille possibles ; ceci est important pour l'6tude Mijssbauer du spectre de phonons de petites particules, car fixer les particules plus rigidement a un support modjfie la nature de la surface et sans doute toute la particule. Nous en concluons que l'effet Mossbauer permet d'ktudier la matrice qui enrobe les particules, plut6t que les particules elles-msmes.

Abstract.

-

We have investigated nine samples of micro crystaline gold, embedded in frozen gelatin, with average particle diameters ranging from 30 to 1708. The isomer shift and Mossbauer fraction Cfa) at 4 2 K are given in the table. For three samples (42 A, 62 A and 176 A) fa was measur-

ed as function of temperature. Average Isomer (*) diameter Shift

(4

-

(mmls) 42 0.100

+

0.008 42 0.132

+

0.008 42 0.131

+

0.008 42 0.061

+

0.008 59 0.073

+

0.008 62 0.042

+

0.005 62 0.10

+

0.02 62 0.20 f 0.02 176 0.065

+

0.006

(*) With respect to bulk gold.

There is no apparent correlation between the isomer shift and particle diameter except for the fact that all particles show a positive shift with respect to bulk gold.

At 4.2 K fa does not deviate considerably from the value of bulk gold (18.90

%).

However, with increasing temperature fa decreases more rapidly than in bulk gold, with steepest decrease for the smallest particle size. From a careful analysis of the temperature dependence it appears that none of the commonly assumed changes in the phonon spectrum of small particles, i. e. a low frequency cut-off or the contribution of surface and edge modes to the vibrational amplitude, can account for the peculiar behabiour of fa. It will be shown, that to explain the observed tempe- rature dependence of fa as well as its value at 4.2 K it is necessary to take into account the vibra-

tional amplitude of the particle as a whole. This vibration overshadows all possible size effects, which has implications for the study of the phonon spectrum of small particles by means of the Mossbauer effect, because fixing the particles more rigidly to their matrix affects the nature of the surface and presumably the whole particle. Therefore we conclude that the Mossbauer effect gives information on the matrix, in which the particles are embedded, rather than on the particles themselves.

References

[l] ERICKSON, D. J., ROBBERTS, L. D., BURTON, J. W. and THOMSON, J. O., Phys. Rev. B 3 (1971) 2180.

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