Example of a West African urban food system: an agricultural urban system approach

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https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-02745726 Submitted on 3 Jun 2020

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Example of a West African urban food system: an

agricultural urban system approach

Ophélie Robineau

To cite this version:

Ophélie Robineau. Example of a West African urban food system: an agricultural urban system approach. 5. AESOP Conference on Sustainable Food Planning, Institut National de Recherche Agronomique (INRA). UMR Innovation et Développement dans l’Agriculture et l’Agro-alimentaire (0951).; Institut National de Recherche Agronomique (INRA). UMR Marchés, Organisations, Institu-tions et Stratégies d’Acteurs (1110).; United NaInstitu-tions Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). Montpellier, INT., Oct 2013, Montpellier, France. 109 p. �hal-02745726�

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Flows in urban food systems

Example of a West African city

Ophélie ROBINEAU

PhD student

UMR Innovation (CIRAD, INRA). Montpellier

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Linkages between cities and agriculture exist since the

beginnings of cities

Urban agriculture: long term phenomenon that participates to

food provision for urban population, especially in sub-saharan

African

Analysis of the urban food system through an urban

agriculture perspective

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System analysis are needed to draw up appropriate policies for sustainable

urban food systems

identify interactions at different scales

here, example of interactions through flows of agricultural produces

and flows of residues/wastes

Hinterland

Regional agricultural dynamics

City

Urban dynamics

City

Urban

Agriculture

dynamics

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Bobo-Dioulasso, « agricultural city »

Second city of Burkina Faso

500.000 inhabitants

Commercial hub of agricultural produces

since its beginnings

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Sahel

Djenné

Sahara

Coastal forests

Gold, cola Salt, livestock Ashanti Kingdom Bamako

N

1000 km S a te ll it e im a g e : G o o g le m a p E a rt h 2 0 1 2 D e si g n : O . R o b in e a u 2 0 1 3

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Bobo-Dioulasso, « agricultural city »

Main industries linked to agriculture (processing of cotton, industrial breweries)

Today,

-in the heart of the coton basin of Burkina Faso

Industries

-largest commercial hub for exports of livestock

-in the heart of the main area of vegetable production of the country

Consumption and export, wholesale market

Economic development of the city Regional agricultural dynamics

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Market gardens

from within the

city to >100km

from the city

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Bobo-Dioulasso

Livestock (cattle)

Links : city - agriculture of the hinterland

Urban dynamics boost the developement of regional agriculture

The city is a commercial hub for regional agricultural produces

Vegetables

Hinterland

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Bobo-Dioulasso

Livestock (cattle)

Urban markets

Ivorian Coast, Ghana etc.

Links city - agriculture of the hinterland

The city is a commercial hub for regional agricultural produces Urban

consumption

Boosts the production

Vegetables

Hinterland

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The city is a center for processing regional agricultural produces

Cotton production Cereals

Links city - agriculture of the hinterland

Bobo-Dioulasso

Livestock (cattle) Vegetables Ivorian Coast, Ghana etc. Urban consumption

Hinterland

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The city is a center for processing regional agricultural produces

Industrial and traditionnal

breweries

Industry for cotton processing

Cotton exported abroad Industrial beer exported

within BF

Links city - agriculture of the hinterland

Bobo-Dioulasso

Livestock (cattle) Vegetables Ivorian Coast, Ghana etc. Urban consumption

Hinterland

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Urban dynamics boost the developement of urban agriculture

Links city - agriculture of the hinterland – urban agriculture

Bobo-Dioulasso

Livestock (cattle) Vegetables Urban consumption Beef cattle producers Ivorian Coast, Ghana etc.

Hinterland

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Links city - agriculture of the hinterland – urban agriculture

Bobo-Dioulasso

Livestock (cattle) Vegetables Urban consumption Boosts the production Beef cattle producers Ivorian Coast,

Ghana etc. Urban vegetable

production

(introduced in colonial times)

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Links city - agriculture of the hinterland – urban agriculture

Bobo-Dioulasso

Livestock (cattle) Vegetables Urban consumption Beef cattle production Urban vegetable production (introduced in colonial times) Breweries, mills Industry for cotton processing

within BF

Residues: malt, cotton seeds etc.

Hinterland

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Links city - agriculture of the hinterland – urban agriculture

Bobo-Dioulasso

Livestock (cattle) Vegetables Urban consumption Beef cattle production Urban vegetable production (introduced in colonial times) Breweries,mills Industry for cotton processing

within BF

Small-scale Urban pig breeding Large-scale Urban pig breeding

Hinterland

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Links city - agriculture of the hinterland – urban agriculture

Bobo-Dioulasso

Livestock (cattle) Vegetables Urban consumption Beef cattle production Urban vegetable production (introduced in colonial times) Breweries,mills Industry for cotton processing

within BF

Small-scale Urban pig breeding Large-scale Urban pig breeding

Hinterland

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Links city - agriculture of the hinterland – urban agriculture

Bobo-Dioulasso

Livestock (cattle) Vegetables Urban consumption Beef cattle production Urban vegetable production (introduced in colonial times) Breweries, mills Industry for cotton processing

within BF

Small-scale Urban pig

breeding

Large-scale Urban pig

breeding Exported within BF

(Ouagadougou)

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Urban livestock production (pig, cattle, small

ruminants) Manure Urban vegetable production Subsistence crops in the urban fringe Urban wastes

Within the city

Breweries, mills Industry for cotton processing

Bobo-Dioulasso

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Within agricultural systems

Bobo-Dioulasso

Example of urban

market gardeners

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Within agricultural systems

Bobo-Dioulasso

Income

(pay inputs to

produce subst.

crops and family

expenses)

Feed the

family

Complementary

income

(season job)

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Many interactions between regional agricultural dynamics,

urban dynamics, and urban agriculture dynamics

Complexity of interactions within the urban food system (and

we saw only part of them…)

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Conclusion and discussion

Combinaison of different « sub-food systems », at different scales

• Regional vegetable production: export

• Urban vegetable production: local urban consumption

• Beef cattle, large-scale pig breeding: export

• Small scale pig breeding: local urban consumption

• Cereals and cotton: processed and linked to urban livestock

production

Urban agriculture contributes to the urban food system. Its existence is

linked to a multitude of multilevel interactions

These multiple interaction have to be known to draw up appropriate

policies for designing urban food systems

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