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COMPLIANCE AND ENFORCEMENT OF LEGISLATION IN THE MEDITERRANEAN FOR CONTROL OF POLLUTION RESULTING FROM LAND-BASED SOURCES AND ACTIVITIES
Report on a joint WHO/UNEP Meeting
Athens, Greece 16–18 March 1999
2000 EUROPEAN HEALTH21 TARGET 10
EUROPEAN HEALTH21 TARGET 10 A HEALTHY AND SAFE PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT
By the year 2015, people in the Region should live in a safer physical environment, with exposure to contaminants hazardous to health at levels not exceeding internationally agreed standards (Adopted by the WHO Regional Committee for Europe at its forty-eighth session, Copenhagen, September 1998)
ABSTRACT
The main scope of the Workshop was to assess the legislative background, administrative structure and characteristics of the permitting process, compliance practices and organization of enforcement within the framework of compliance and enforcement of legislation, including the health-related aspects.
Experts in the field of compliance and enforcement from 19 Mediterranean countries, presented their national frameworks as they are related to the inspectorate system for the control of pollution resulting from land-based sources and activities. In addition, key issue speeches by invited lecturers were given in order to provide a wider view of the subject. Following discussion of the issues presented, a decision was made to establish an informal network within the Mediterranean Action Plan where similar issues could be discussed and views exchanged and, upon request, assistance would be provided to countries on various matters, including capacity-building.
Keywords
WATER POLLUTION – prevention and control ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING
MEDITERRANEAN SEA
© World Health Organization – 2000
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CONTENTS
Page
Introduction... 1
Scope and purpose of the Workshop ... 1
Opening of the Workshop... 2
Presentations of key issues by invited international experts... 2
Presentation of country reports ... 5
Discussion... 5
Recommendations... 6
Closure of the Workshop... 7
Annex 1 Participants ... 8
Annex 2 Programme...15
Introduction
In 1976 the countries of the Mediterranean signed and adopted the Barcelona Convention for the Protection of the Mediterranean Sea against Pollution and a number of related Protocols.
Between 1993 and 1996, the legal texts were revised to broaden their coverage and to modernize them as a result of the new concepts expressed at the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development held in Rio de Janeiro in 1992.
Of particular importance is the Protocol for the Prevention of Pollution from Land-based Sources and Activities (LBS Protocol), signed in 1980 and revised in 1996, in which a new Article 6 calls for the strengthening and/or establishment of systems of inspection related to land-based pollution.
In addition, Phase III of the joint United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)/World Health Organization (WHO) Mediterranean Action Plan (MED POL), adopted in 1997, includes a pollution control component to assist countries to fulfil the provisions of the LBS Protocol.
The Workshop of Experts on Compliance and Enforcement of Legislation in the Mediterranean for Control of Pollution resulting from Land-based Sources and Activities was convened in Athens from 16 to 18 March 1999 as part of MED POL, to assess the situation in the Mediterranean and to propose future measures for action.
The Workshop was attended by experts from the following contracting parties to the Barcelona Convention: Albania, Algeria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Cyprus, Egypt, France, Greece, Israel, Italy, Lebanon, Libyan Arab Jamahiriya, Malta, Monaco, Slovenia, Syria, Tunisia and Turkey. Five invited international experts were also present, as well as representatives of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (UNESCO/IOC), the World Bank/Mediterranean Environmental Technical Assistance Programme – Project Preparation Unit (METAP–PPU), the Blue Plan Regional Activity Centre, the Cleaner Production Regional Activity Centre, the European Chemical Industry Council (CEFIC)/EUROCHLOR and Greenpeace. The full list of participants is attached as Annex 1.
Scope and purpose of the Workshop
The objectives of the Workshop were:
• to assess the conditions in each country regarding:
− determination of the legislative background within which the permitting, compliance and enforcement provisions are formulated;
− determination of the administrative structure currently used for compliance and enforcement;
− determination of the characteristics of the permitting process, compliance practices and results, and enforcement organization means and results; and
− the role of the legal authorities in cases of non-compliance.
• to make proposals for further actions which could include joint activities such as a mechanism for exchange of information in the form of a regional network for compliance and enforcement of legislation, training courses on a mutual basis on this subject and regular activities related to systems of inspection.
Opening of the Workshop
The meeting was opened by Mr T. Koliopanos, Deputy Minister for the Environment, Physical Planning and Public Works of Greece, and Mr L. Chabason, Coordinator of MED POL, who thanked the Deputy Minister and the Greek Government for their warm hospitality.
Mrs Marie-Christine Van Klaveren (Monaco) was elected Chairperson, Mr Abdul Fattah Boargob (Libyan Arab Jamahiriya) Vice-Chairperson and Mrs Tatiana Kotobelli (Albania) Rapporteur. Dr G. Kamizoulis, Senior Scientist, WHO Regional Office for Europe Project Office in the Coordinating Unit of the Mediterranean Action Plan, facilitated the Workshop. The agenda is in Annex 2.
Presentations of key issues by invited international experts
Mr Rob Glaser, Inspector, International Environmental Affairs, Ministry of Housing, Spatial Planning and the Environment of the Netherlands, explained that he was the national coordinator for IMPEL (European Network for the Implementation and Enforcement of Environmental Law), which was an informal group of environmental inspectors for the exchange of experience and information. He emphasized that the views he expressed were his personal views and not necessarily those of his Ministry.
He described the regulatory cycle of environmental legislation: policy planning and the setting of objectives were followed by legislation, the establishment of a permit system, compliance control, the promotion of compliance, enforcement, and finally assessment and feedback, which could lead to improvements in the system and possible revision of policies, objectives or legislation.
Monitoring compliance with regulations and administering permit systems were increasingly onerous for governments faced with budgetary restrictions. One solution was to negotiate voluntary agreements with industry, but this implied that the industry concerned was sufficiently organized to constitute a valid partner in negotiations. Furthermore, alternative measures had to be put in place in case the voluntary agreements did not prove effective. The more organized an industry, the less the burden on the government.
Dr Panos Panagopoulos, ECOS Consulting S.A., Athens, Greece, emphasized that non- compliance response (also known as enforcement) was essential for regulation to be effective.
The objectives of the enforcement programme are: (a) to make violators comply; (b) to create an atmosphere of compliance in the community; and (c) in some cases, to correct actual or potential harm to the environment caused by the violation.
He explained the administrative or judicial (civil or criminal) processes by which the various response options could be applied. A determination of the appropriate balance between administrative and judicial measures would depend on the legislative background and culture of each country. In each case, the allocation of administrative responsibility for enforcement should clearly lie with one (accountable) authority, which should be responsible for the consistent and integrated enforcement of all environmental legislation and conditions relating to permits.
The formulation of a fair and consistent response policy is of major importance for the credibility of the enforcement authority. The response policy should provide for warnings to violators on the need to comply within specified time limits, and means whereby violators can appeal to a higher (administrative or judicial) authority if they felt that the enforcement measures applied were unsubstantiated and/or unfair.
Feedback from the preceding stages in the regulatory cycle was a prerequisite for building up experience in the enforcement agency. The most valuable feedback, however, concerned the adequacy of existing environmental legislation and creating conditions for the effective protection of the environment. This type of feedback entailed an extensive programme for regular assessment of the state of the environment in the country, however, which would require a formidable effort.
Mr François Durand, French Ministry of Land Use Planning and the Environment, described a few major concepts that were derived from his administration’s experience but were, in his view, valid for other countries. They could be summarized under the following four headings.
(a) Protected interests, such as the environment, followed by public health.
(b) Integrated control, which was the subject of a European Union directive, consisted in preventing pollution resulting from industrial activities. The integrated approach favoured the issue of a single permit to a factory by a single authority.
(c) The decision, which consisted (in the case of industrial activities) in the issue by one and the same authority of a permit for the purpose of protecting the environment. It involved control over upstream flows and was based on an environmental impact assessment carried out by the party seeking the permit and evaluated by the competent authority. The decision was taken on the basis of certain major principles: prevention; precaution (in the case of uncertainty over the nature of the risk); minority views (contrary to the interests of both the industrialist and the competent authority, and emanating from unforeseen partners such as the public or nongovernmental organizations – NGOs). Minority views represented the country’s or the region’s environmental conscience and led to a debate in which the industrialist had to provide further explanations, thereby helping to improve the system.
Two other basic concepts should also be taken into account: transparency both upstream (public consultation at the permit issuing stage) and downstream (public access to monitoring results), associated with traceability, i.e. the possibility of tracing the origin of the decision, with all the relevant elements of the file.
(d) The competent authority, which issued the permit and might check compliance with it.
This was a public legal entity and should be independent of economic interests so as to avoid suspicion that the environment or public health might be hostage to such interests.
Mr Giancarlo Boeri, Departmental Director of the Agenzia Nazionale per la Protezione dell’
Ambiente (ANPA), Italy, said that environmental control could be seen as the complex of actions aiming to ensure compliance with laws, regulations, prescriptions and conditions and international agreements (inspections), and to guarantee a reliable and continuously updated picture of the quality of the environment and other information that made it possible to follow and forecast the evolution of environmental phenomena and trends (prevention and guidance).
Control can be source-oriented (control of a single source in a single place), compliance-oriented (compliance with laws, regulations or permit conditions) carried out through inspection, or
environment-oriented (control of the quality of the environment so as to evaluate the combined effects of the sources, trends, effects of unknown or diffused sources and the monitoring of chosen parameters for a description of the state of the environment).
Environmental inspections are key to the implementation and enforcement of environmental law and are essential to secure a high level of environmental protection. They entail:
• the checking, examining and promoting of compliance by industrial installations with requirements fixed in laws, regulations, ordinances, directives, prohibitions, permits, etc., so as to determine the implementation of such regulations, laws and ordinances;
• monitoring of the general impact of specific industrial installations on the environment that might lead to enforcement action or further inspection;
• examination of conformity between the operation and the permit; and
• examination of operators’ self-monitoring systems to check their ability to comply with requirements.
The key elements for inspection activity related to industrial installations or other relevant economic and human activities are:
• planning – setting a clear framework for inspection activities at the appropriate geographical or organizational level;
• collection of site-specific information, from visits, site surveys, etc.;
• analysis of results and follow-up at the site/company level; and
• regular evaluation and reporting of inspection activities.
Mr Boeri concluded by describing new monitoring techniques and the role of voluntary agreements, (in particular, EMAS), and making some suggestions relevant to the Mediterranean Action Plan.
Mr Emad Adly, President of the Arab Office for Youth and Environment, introduced a report on public participation and the role of NGOs in the framework of compliance with, and enforcement of, legislation for pollution control. Public participation had again become a topical issue:
without public involvement in the development process, it would be very difficult to ensure the sustainability of any action taken solely by governments. With the start of practical democracy in the southern countries of the Mediterranean, communities had begun to learn more about their responsibilities. In that context, NGOs had an important responsibility for mobilizing the community. Most NGOs were working in the area of awareness-raising – the foundation of real democracy. Governments also had to show their willingness to work in partnership with civil society and the private sector. As a result, they were starting to adopt new strategies to face environmental problems, and in particular pollution.
The objectives of public participation are to inform the public, to create pressure groups, and to provide information. The conditions for public participation are accountability, transparency, effective monitoring, clarity of vision, a balance of power and the availability of information. In the process, the direct partners are the private sector, central government, the local administration, NGOs, universities, media, the unions, international agencies and donors. The impediments include disagreement about the subject of dialogue, the absence of a common
language, the lack of information, the absence of an institutional framework for dialogue, and a feeling of mistrust. The conditions for implementing the results of dialogue include a democratic environment, strong follow-up and the availability of resources to implement what was agreed.
Presentation of country reports
Experts from the following countries presented reports on compliance and enforcement of legislation in their countries: Albania, Algeria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Cyprus, Egypt, France, Greece, Israel, Italy, Lebanon, Libyan Arab Jamahiriya, Malta, Monaco, Slovenia, Syria, Tunisia and Turkey.
Discussion
Participants felt that the Workshop had provided a valuable opportunity for the exchange of information and experience on compliance and enforcement. The fact that virtually all the Mediterranean countries had responded to the questionnaires and presented reports underlined their interest in the question and their determination to make further progress. In particular, the presentation of national reports showed that tangible progress had been made as regards compliance with environmental regulations. The MAP had played an effective role in encouraging the formulation and adoption of national environmental legislation.
The presentations showed that all countries had permit systems, even though they did not necessarily cover all polluting activities or were too complex, thus making them difficult to apply. In the majority of countries, too many authorities were involved in the issue of permits and in inspections.
In most countries, compliance with and enforcement of legislation on the economic infrastructure and activities were improving. In many cases, management was centralized. There was generally some form of verification of compliance, although integrated inspection systems did not exist in all countries. Several countries had strengthened their inspection structures. In others, however, inspections were only carried out irregularly owing to the limited number of inspectors. Several countries asked for help in strengthening and developing their national inspection structures.
The presentations showed that environmental impact assessment was in common use, although its application in some countries still appeared to present difficulties. Best available techniques (BAT) and cleaner technologies (CT) did not yet appear to have been taken into account in the majority of countries.
There had been progress in involving environmental NGOs in decision-making in a number of countries, highlighting the important role of public participation in the compliance and enforcement processes.
Participants underlined the need to strengthen the exchange of information among countries, to share achievements and to identify bottlenecks in the implementation of regulation and inspection systems.
In conformity with the LBS Protocol, stress was laid on the need to control both economic and non-economic activities, including infrastructures that physically altered coastal zones and activities causing diffused pollution.
Voluntary agreements with economic actors, industry in particular, although not a substitute for regulations, could play an important role in implementation and compliance and should be strengthened, with a view to adopting an integrated approach.
The new legal context in the Mediterranean after the revision of the Convention and the Protocols, which aimed at broader and stricter control of pollution, and the application of the relevant provisions (e.g. article 6 of the amended LBS Protocol on systems of inspection) required the ratification of the legal texts. All countries that had not yet ratified the Convention and its related Protocols, in particular the amended LBS Protocol, should be urged to work actively and expeditiously to that end and to adopt national implementing legislation.
Recommendations
Participants made the following recommendations.
Secretariat
1. The Secretariat should establish an informal regional network to:
• facilitate and create contact with other environmental protection professionals in the Region;
• facilitate discussion and development of environmental protection;
• establish contact with other regional networks and relevant international frameworks that have similar exchange programmes in other regions;
• facilitate the exchange of information and possible comparison of requirements relating to: compliance with source and environment regulations; information on procedures for the issue of permits for installation (e.g. cross-media evaluation or self-monitoring); enforcement arrangements dealing with compliance assessment and inspection; technical standards and pollution control technology.
2. The Secretariat should develop support measures, such as capacity-building programmes for inspectors and/or senior managers of control authorities, and prepare manuals and guidelines covering regulatory processes with new environmental tools and facility inspections. Training courses and seminars for trainers could initially be organized at regional level with a view to using the content for courses at national level. Full use should also be made of national experience in this field.
3. Future activities related to inspection systems might include assistance (when requested) to countries in the formulation of country-tailored programmes to improve enforcement activities based on an integrated approach. As a first step, activities could be developed through an exchange of information, and demonstration projects as appropriate, including the application of cleaner technologies and best available techniques.
Contracting parties
1. Contracting parties should urge those that have not yet done so to work actively and expeditiously to ratify the Convention and its related Protocols, in particular the amended LBS Protocol, and to adopt national implementing legislation.
2. Contracting parties should give priority to the establishment or strengthening of practicable and efficient permit and inspection systems.
3. Contracting parties should ensure coordination and coherence between the environmental permit systems and any other applicable permits required (e.g. building or operating) The environmental requirements should precede the issuance of other permits.
4. Contracting parties should promote the introduction of best available techniques and cleaner technologies.
5. Contracting parties should facilitate access by the general public to information on the issuing of permits and compliance.
6. Contracting parties should promote pollutant release and transfer inventories at the plant/
facility level, public access to such inventories, and public right of recourse with respect to any alleged violations.
7. Contracting parties should consider, where they do not already exist, the use of financial mechanisms that provide both disincentives for undesirable activities and non-compliance as well as incentives for cleaner production alternatives.
8. Contracting parties should promote closer cooperation with the industrial sector, including dissemination of information regarding environmental protection initiatives taken by the industry, such as participation in international programmes (e.g. responsible care), and encourage voluntary agreements.
9. Contracting parties should introduce environmental law into the criminal code.
10. Contracting parties should ensure that national authorities continue to implement regular source and environmental monitoring (physico-chemical and biological) in parallel with the self-monitoring carried out by industry that should be encouraged under the permit system.
Closure of the Workshop
The Secretariat underlined the important work carried out by the Workshop in relation to the effective implementation of compliance and enforcement of legislation for the control of pollution resulting from land-based sources and activities.The participants then unanimously adopted the French and English texts of the draft report. After the customary exchange of courtesies, the Chairperson then declared the Workshop closed.
Annex 1
P
ARTICIPANTSAlbania
Ms Tatiana Kotobelli (Rapporteur) Tel: +355-4-264905
Director, Air, Water Quality and Fax: +355-4-265229
Waste Management Directorate E-mail: cep@cep.tirana.al
National Environmental Agency Rr. B. Curri, No.9
Tirana Algeria
M. Youssef Zennir Tel: +213-2- 693889
Director, Secretariat d’Etat à l’Environnement Fax: +213-2- 692358 6 Place El Qods
Hydra
Immeuble el Djemila 16000 Algiers
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Ms Dalila Nuhic Tel: +387-71-53343
Research Assistant, Hydro-Engineering Institute Fax: +387-71-207949
1 Stjepana Tomica Street 8 E-mail: dnuhic@utic.net.ba
71000 Sarajevo Croatia
Ms Mojca Lukšic Tel: +385-1-6307348
Adviser, Croatia State Water Directorate Fax: +385-1-6151821
Ulica Grada Vukovara 220 E-mail: du.vode@zg.tel.hr
10000 Zagreb Cyprus
Mr Loizos Loizidis Tel: +357-2-807807
Fisheries Officer A’ Fax: +357-2-775955
Fisheries Department
Ministry of Agriculture, Natural Resources and Environment 13 Aeolou Street
Nicosia Egypt
Ms Amani Gamal El Din Tel: +20-2-5256452
Deputy Director, Industrial Compliance Unit Fax: +20-2-5256490
Egyptian Environmental Affairs Agency (EEAA) E-mail: eeaaepap@idsc1.gov.eg 30 Misr Helwan El-Zirai Street
Maadi Cairo
France
M. Philippe Maire Tel: +33-1-42191265
Chargé de Mission Fax: +33-1-42191269
Ministère de l’environnement, Direction de l’eau E-mail: philippe.maire@
20 avenue Ségur environnement.gouv.fr
75302 Paris Greece
Mr Alexandros Lascaratos Tel: +30-1-3613504
University of Athens Fax: +30-1-3608518
Department of Applied Physics Laboratory of Oceanography 11 Tilemahou Street
11472 Athens
Ms Anastasia Lazarou Tel: +30-1-8650106
MED POL Coordinator Fax: +30-1-8562968
Ministry of the Environment, Physical Planning and Public Works
147 Patission Street 11251 Athens
Mr Epaminondas Toleris Tel: +30-1-8562412
Director, Ministry of the Environment, Fax: +30-1-8562024 Physical Planning and Public Works
147 Patission Street 11251 Athens
Ms Pauline Poulou Tel: +30-1-8643210
Water Section Fax: +30-1-8562968
Ministry of the Environment, Physical Planning and Public Works
147 Patission Street 11251 Athens
Ms Anneta Mantziafou Tel: +30-1-7274839
Physical Oceanographer Fax: +30-1-7295281
University of Athens E-mail: amand@oc.phys.uoa.gr
Department of Physics Division of Applied Physics Physical Oceanography Group University Complex
15784 Athens Israel
Dr Ilan Malester Tel: +972-4-8622702
Marine and Coastal Environment Division Fax: +972-4-8623524
Ministry of the Environment E-mail: ilanm@environment.gov.il
P.O. Box 33583 31333 Haifa
Italy
Mr Giovanni Guerrieri Tel: +39-6-70362219
Expert, c/o Ministry of Environment Fax: +39-6-77257012
Via della Ferratella in Laterano 33 E-mail: guerrieri@flashnet.it 00184 Rome
Lebanon
Dr Naji Kodeih Tel: +961-4-522222
Ministry of the Environment Fax: +961-4-524555
P.O. Box 70-1091 E-mail: nkodeih@moe.gov.lb
701091 Antelias
Libyan Arab Jamahiriya
Dr Abdul Fatah Boargob (Vice-Chairperson) Tel: +218-21-4448452 Head, Environmental Studies Department Fax: +218-21-3338098 Technical Centre for Environment Protection
P.O. Box 83618 Tripoli
Malta
Ms Prassede Grech Tel: +356-803937
Environment Officer, Environment Protection Department Fax: +356-660108
Pollution Control Coordinating Unit E-mail: prassede@hotmail.com Ministry for the Environment
Starkey Annex Vittoriosa
Ms Marie Salvina Camilleri Tel: +356-247236/7
Head, Discharge Permit Unit Fax: +356-247220
Drainage Department
Ministry for the Environment 7 Pinto Wharf
Floriana Monaco
Ms Marie-Christine Van Klaveren (Chairperson) Tel: +377-93-158000
Chef de Division Fax: +377-93-158002
Direction de l’Environnement de l’Urbanisme et E-mail: mcvanklaveren@gouv.mc de la Construction
“Les Terrasses de Fontvieille”
23 avenue du Prince Héréditaire Albert MC 98000 Monaco
Slovenia
Mr Boris Zbona Tel: +386-65-28011
Inspectorate for the Environment Fax: +386-65-29628
Ministry of the Environment and Physical Planning Trg E. Kardelja 1
Nova Gorica 5000
Syrian Arab Republic
Ms Abir Zeno Tel: +963-11-447608
Deputy Chief Engineer, Group LBS Coordinator Fax: +963-11-4412577 Ministry of Environment
P.O. Box 3773 Damascus Tunisia
Mme Amel Jrad-Fantar Tel: +216-1-771210
Centre International des Technologies de Fax: +216-1-772255 l’Environnement de Tunis
Ministère de l’environnement et de l’aménagement du territoire Boulevard de l’Environnement
1080 Tunis Turkey
Mr Tuncay Demir Tel: +90-312-2879963
Environmental Expert, Ministry of Environment Fax: +90-312-2855875
Eskisehir Yolu 10 Km. GKOK E-mail: tdemir@ada.net.tr
06530 Ankara
Temporary Advisers
Mr Emad Adly Tel: +20-2-3041634
President, Arab Office for Youth and Environment Fax: +20-2-3041635
P.O. Box 2 E-mail: aoye@ritsec1.com.eg
Magles Elshaab Cairo
Egypt
Mr Giancarlo Boeri Tel: +39-06-50072863
Department Director Fax: +39-06-50072938
Agenzia Nazionale per la Protezione dell’ Ambiente E-mail: boeri@anpa.it Via Vitaliano Brancati 48
I-00144 Rome Italy
M. Francois Durand Tel: +33-1-42191419
Adjoint au chef du service de l’environnement industriel Fax: +33-1-42191469 Ministère de l’aménagement du territoire
et de l’environnement 20 avenue de Ségur 75007 Paris
France
Mr Robert Glaser Tel: +31-118-633792
Inspector, International Affairs Fax: +31-118-624126
Ministry of Housing, Spatial Planning and the Environment E-mail: rob.glaser@wxs.nl P.O. Box 394
4330 AJ Middleburg Netherlands
Mr Michael Skandalidis Tel: +30-31-760246
Environmental Adviser Fax: +30-31-769897
P.O. Box 10044 Thessaloniki Greece Greenpeace
Mr Kevin Stairs Tel: +31-20-5236222
Adviser, Treaties and Conventions E-mail: k.stairs@ams.greenpeace.org Greenpeace International
Keizersgracht 176 Amsterdam The Netherlands
Mr Wahid Labidi Tel: +216-1-524330
Greenpeace Mediterranean Fax: +216-1-520291
5 Mikael Nouaima Street E-mail:
2010 Manouba wahid.labidi@diala.greenpeace.org
Tunisia
Mr Michael J. Scoullos Tel: +30-1-7274274
President, Mediterranean Information Office for Fax: +30-1-3225240
Environment, Culture and Sustainable Development E-mail: mio-ee-env@ath.forthnet.gr 28 Tripodon Street
10558 Athens Greece World Bank
Mr Spyros Margetis Tel: +20-2-5256458
Team Leader, World Bank/Mediterranean Environmental Fax: +20-2-5256448 Technical Assistance Programme – Project Preparation Unit E-mail:
30 Misr-Helwan Road smargetis@worldbank.org
11728 Cairo Egypt
United Nations Agencies and Secretariat Units
United Nations Educational, Scientific And Cultural Organization Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (UNESCO/IOC)
Dr Alexandros Boussoulengas Tel: +33-1-45684023
Marine Pollution Unit Fax: +33-1-45685812
Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission 1, rue Miollis
75015 Paris cedex 15 France
United Nations Environment Programme
Mr Lucien Chabason Tel: +30-1-7273101
Coordinator, Mediterranean Action Plan Fax: +30-1-7253196
48 Vassileos Konstantinou Avenue E-mail: chabason@unepmap.gr
11635 Athens
Greece Mr Panos Panagopoulos Tel: +30-1-6422994 Senior Partner, ECOS Consultants A.E. Fax: +30-1-6449935
10 Makedonon Street E-mail: ecos@hol.gr
11521 Athens Greece
Regional Activity Centres of the Mediterranean Action Plan
Mme Silvia Laria Tel: +33-4-92387146
Chargée d’etudes institutionnelles Fax: +33-4-92387131
Plan Bleu pour la Méditerranée E-mail: slaria@planbleu.org
Centre d’activités régionales 15 rue Beethoven
Sophia Antipolis F-06600 Valbonne France
Mr Inaki Gili Tel: +34-3-4147090
Assistant Director Fax: +34-3-4144582
Generalitat de Catalunya E-mail: modneta@cipn.es
Departament de Medi Ambient
Centre d’Iniciatives per a la Producció Neta Travessera de Gracia 56, 1a
08006 Barcelona Spain
Ms Esther Monfa Tel: +34-3-4147090
Assistant Director Fax: +34-3-4144582
Generalitat de Catalunya E-mail: prodneta@cipn.e
Departament de Medi Ambient
Centre d’Iniciatives per a la Producció Neta Travessera de Gracia 56, 1a
08006 Barcelona Spain
Nongovernmental Organizations
European Chemical Industry Council /EUROCHLOR
Mr Carlo Trobia Tel: +39-02-26810224
33 Via Accademia Fax: +39-02-26810311
Milan E-mail:
Italy carlo_trobia@hq.enichem.geis.com
EUROCHLOR
Mr Jacques Verdier Tel: +33-1-49008665
C/o E/P Atochem Fax: +33-1-49008867
Cours Michelet La Défense 10
Paris la Défense 92091 France
Mr Francesco Saverio Civili Tel: +30-1-7273106 Coordinator, Mediterranean Action Plan Fax: +30-1-7253196 48 Vassileos Konstantinou Avenue E-mail: fscivili@unepmap.gr 11635 Athens
Greece
WHO Regional Office for Europe
Dr George Kamizoulis Tel: +30-1-7273105
Senior Scientist, WHO/EURO Project Office Fax: +30-1-7253196
Coordinating Unit for the Mediterranean Action Plan E-mail: whomed@compulink.g 48 Vassileos Konstantinou Avenue
11635 Athens Greece
Annex 2
A
GENDA1. Opening of the Workshop
2. Scope and purpose
3. Election of officers
4. Adoption of the agenda
5. Organization of the Workshop
6. Presentation of key issues by international experts
7. Presentation of country reports
8. General comments
9. Adoption of the report and closure of the Workshop
