RE-ESTABLISHING AGENCY IN THE NARRATIVE OF
INTERNATIONAL NORM DIFFUSION THEORIES
Bringing in the Local in the Exploration of Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights
in the Philippines
Catherine Lourdes Dy
A dissertation submitted to
the Department of Political Science of the LUISS Guido Carli &
the Faculty of Philosophy and Social Sciences of the Université Libre de Bruxelles
in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy
This dissertation was written within the framework of
the Erasmus Mundus GEM Joint Doctorate program under the supervision of
Professor Raffaele Marchetti (LUISS) & Professor Firouzeh Nahavandi (ULB)
iii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
i
TABLE OF CONTENTS
iii
ABSTRACT
vii
LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES
ix
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
xi
INTRODUCTION
1
P
REFACE 1
RESEARCH INTEREST AND PROJECT RELEVANCE
9
PROBLEMATIQUE
12
KEY CONCEPTS AND SCOPE
17
STRUCTURE OF THE DISSERTATION
20
CHAPTER 2
24
S
EXUAL AND R
EPRODUCTIVE H
EALTH AND R
IGHTS (SRHR)
AS AN I
NTERNATIONAL NORM AND
WITHIN THE P
HILIPPINE C
ONTEXT
S
ECTION 1
SRHR
IN THE I
NTERNATIONAL S
PHERE 24
DEFINING SEXUAL AND REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH AND RIGHTS
(SRHR)
25
SRHR
AS AN INTERNATIONAL NORM
:
A
G
LOBAL
P
ERSPECTIVE
32
C
OLONIAL
L
EGACIES AND THE
R
ESISTANCE TOWARDS
‘O
UTSIDE
I
NFLUENCE
’:
T
RACING
SRHR
IN THE
A
SIA
-P
ACIFIC
R
EGION
38
N
ORMATIVE
R
ESISTANCE AND
R
ELIGIOUS
F
UNDAMENTALISM
45
S
ECTION 2
T
OWARDS U
NDERSTANDING SRHR
WITHIN THE P
HILIPPINE C
ONTEXT 51
E
VOLUTIONS OF THE
C
ONCEPT OF
SRHR
IN THE
P
HILIPPINES
53
T
HE
P
HILIPPINE
P
RE
-C
OLONIAL
P
ERIOD
55
S
PANISH
C
OLONIZATION AND
E
NDURING
C
ATHOLIC
I
NFLUENCE
(1521–1898)
58
T
HE
L
EGACY OF
A
MERICAN
C
OLONIAL
P
ERIOD AND
J
APANESE
O
CCUPATION
(1898-1946) 64
T
HE
P
HILIPPINES UNDER THE
M
ARCOS
D
ICTATORSHIP
(1972-1986)
69
T
HE
E
MERGENCE OF
I
NTERNATIONAL
H
UMAN
R
IGHTS
&
SRHR
N
ORMS IN THE
P
HILIPPINES
72
D
ECENTRALIZATION AND
L
OCAL
G
OVERNANCE
:
I
MPLICATIONS ON
P
OLICY
75
T
HE
H
ISTORY AND
P
ASSAGE OF
R
EPUBLIC
A
CT
N
O
.
10354
OR
vi
BIBLIOGRAPHY
292
B
OOK AND B
OOK S
ECTIONS 292
J
OURNAL A
RTICLES 301
D
OCTORAL D
ISSERTATIONS 311
L
ECTURES AND W
ORKING P
APERS 311
R
EPORTS 313
I
NTERVIEWS C
ITED I
N-T
EXT 316
P
RESS A
RTICLES 317
ANNEXES
323
A
NNEX A
323
F
ULL TEXT OF
RA
10354
OR
“T
HE
R
EPRODUCTIVE
H
EALTH
L
AW
”
A
NNEX B
337
C
OMPLETE LIST OF LEGISLATIVE DOCUMENTS PERTAINING TO THE
‘R
EPRODUCTIVE
H
EALTH
B
ILLS
’,
FROM THE
8
TH
TO THE 15
TH
C
ONGRESSES OF THE P
HILIPPINES
A
NNEX C
349
T
IMELINE OF
P
HILIPPINE
P
OPULATION AND
R
EPRODUCTIVE
H
EALTH
P
OLICIES FROM
1971
TO
2012
A
NNEX D
351
K
EY ACTORS IN THE
P
HILIPPINE
SRHR
ARENA INTERVIEWED FOR THE PURPOSES OF THIS RESEARCH
A
NNEX E
355
