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Influenza D virus circulation in Europe and Africa
Mariette F. Ducatez, Elias Salem, Justine Oliva, L. Donohoe, E. Ryan, T.
O’Donovan, Gilles Meyer
To cite this version:
Mariette F. Ducatez, Elias Salem, Justine Oliva, L. Donohoe, E. Ryan, et al.. Influenza D virus circulation in Europe and Africa. 11. Epizone Annual Meeting : Crossing barriers, Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l’alimentation, de l’environnement et du travail (ANSES). FRA., Sep 2017, Paris, France. 192 p. �hal-02737265�
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EPIZONE - 11th Annual Meeting, 19-21 September 2017 - ANSES, Paris, FranceC30: Influenza D virus circulation in Europe and Africa
M.F. Ducatez1*, E. Salem1, J. Oliva1, L. Donohoe2, E. Ryan2, T O’Donovan2, and G. Meyer1
1IHAP, Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, Toulouse, France
2 Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine, Dublin, Ireland
*Corresponding author: m.ducatez@envt.fr
Influenza D virus (IDV) was recently discovered in the USA in a pig with influenza like symptoms (1). Like human influenza C virus (ICV), IDV harbored 7 genomic segments, whereas influenza A and B viruses have 8. So far, IDV or anti-IDV antibodies were detected in the USA, Canada, Mexico, France, Italy, Ireland, Benin, Togo, Morocco, Kenya, China and Japan, in either healthy or sick ruminants and pigs having respiratory signs (Figure 1, modified from (2)). The pathogenesis and transmission of this virus are not fully understood but recent experimental infections of calves showed that IDV can cause moderate respiratory disease (3 and Salem et al, Epizone’s abstract) and that IDV is related to the bovine respiratory disease complex (4).
Figure 1: Map of countries where IDV or anti-IDV antibodies were detected. Countries where IDV, anti-IDV antibodies, or both have been detected are in blue, yellow, and green, respectively.
We carried out IDV surveillance in Europe and Africa. The seroprevalence of IDV in cattle in France and Ireland was very high (>70%) and sequenced viruses clustered either in the first lineage identified in the USA (D/swine/Oklahoma/2011-like viruses) or in a new genetic cluster (5). IDV also circulated in African ruminants: antibodies were detected in West and North African ruminants (seroprevalences ranging from 1 to 35%). The IDV seroprevalence increased over time, suggesting a recent emergence of the pathogen (2).
Further studies are warranted to fully assess IDV host tropism, IDV circulation in the world, and estimate the virus genetic diversity and date of emergence.
Acknowledgements
This work was supported by the ‘FLUD’ ANR and the ICSA ‘RESPICARE’ grants. E. Salem is supported by a PhD scholarship of the Lebanese University. We thank E. Cook, H. Ait Lbacha, F.
Awoume, G. Aplogan, E. Couacy-Hymann, D. Muloi, S. Deem, S. Alali, Z. Zouagui, and E. Fèvre for the work on African sera.
References
1. BM Hause, et al., 2013, PLoS Pathogens, 9(2):e1003176.
2. E Salem, et al., 2017, Emerging Infectious Diseases, in press.
3. L Ferguson, et al. 2016, Journal of Virology, 90(12), 5636-42.
4. N Mitra, et al., 2016, Journal of General Virology, 97(8), 1771–84.
5. MF Ducatez, et al., 2015, Emerging Infectious Diseases, 21(2), 2011–4.
