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Proceedings of the 2009 Fuel Cell Seminar & Exposition, Fuel Cells: The New Generation of Green Power, 2009, 2009
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High temperature fuel cell membranes based on poly(arylene ether)s containing benzimidazole groups
Kim, Dae Sik; Kim, Yu Seung; Lee, Kwan-Soo; Boncella, Jim; Kuiper, David; Guiver, Michael D.
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2009 Fuel Cell Seminar & Exposition, Fuel Cells: The New Generation of Green Power Palm Springs, California, November 16th– 19th, 2009.
High Temperature Fuel Cell Membranes Based On Poly(arylene ether)s
Containing Benzimidazole Groups
Dae Sik Kim1, Yu Seung Kim1*, Kwan-Soo Lee1, Jim Boncella2, David Kuiper2, and Michael D. Guiver 3
1
Research Associate Dae Sik Kim
1
MPA 11 - Sensors and Electrochemical Devices Los Alamos National Laboratory
PO Box 1663, MS D429 Los Alamos, NM. 87545 Phone (505) 606-0793
Fax (505) 665-4292
Biographical sketch: Dae Sik Kim completed his Ph.D. studies in Chemical Engineering at the Hanyang University, South Korea in 2005. During his post doctorial research in National Research Council in Canada, he has involved various projects to develop high performance sulfonated membranes for H2/air and direct methanol fuel cells. After
he joined in Los Alamos National Laboratory in 2008, he started to work on developing imidazole containing fuel cell membranes for high temperature and low RH fuel cell operating conditions.
1*
Yu Seung Kim (Corresponding autor) : [email protected] Kwan-Soo Lee : [email protected]
Los Alamos National Laboratory MPA 11- Sensors and Electrochemical Devices
2
Jim Boncella: [email protected]
David Kuiper: [email protected]
Los Alamos National Laboratory MPA MC-Material Chemistry
3
Michael D. Guiver ([email protected]) NRC-ICPET National Research Council 1200 Montreal Road, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada
Development of new polymer membranes that retain high proton conductivity under high temperature and low humidity conditions is a challenging task to commercialize PEMFC systems. Proton conductivity of membranes is facilitated by water or other volatile low molecular weight compounds (such as phosphoric acid and sulfuric acid) present in the polymer membrane. A loss of these species will immediately result in a loss of proton conductivity. Under high temperature fuel cell operations (>100oC), typical water facilitated membranes lose their proton conductivity due to the evaporation of water. One approach to mitigate the
conductivity drop at high temperature is to replace water with a less volatile proton solvent such as imidazole. Although imidazole containing polymers showed a promising conductivity at high temperature, electrode poisoning by excess volatile proton solvent still remained as an issue. In order to prevent leaching out of imidazole groups, we synthesized new polymers that imidazole groups tethered in the polymer backbone. Firstly, the poly(arylene ether sulfone) containing carboxylic acid group (PAES-COOH) was synthesized using 9,9-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-fluoren-4-carboxylic acid, Bis(4-fluorophenyl) sulfone, and anhydrous potassium carbonate. The polymers containing imidazole and/or benzimidazole group were prepared using PAES-COOH and 4(5)-(hydroxymethyl) imidazole and/or diaminobenzene. The imidazole tethered polymers were blended with acid bearing polymers using a common solvent. Conductivity behaviors of these blend polymers are investigated in terms of temperature, humidity, acid to base ratio, and polymer structure.
