2019 Health SDG Profi le: Myanmar
Out-of-pocket expenditure⁴ In most cases, high percentage of out-of-pocket
expenditure out of the total health expenditure is associated with low financial protection.
Myanmar
Urban population²
30.9%
Life expectancy at birth
Life expectancy⁵ measures how long people will live and is an indication of overall mortality of a country's population. Lost healthy life expectancy (HALE) represents equivalent year(s) of full health lost through years lived with morbidity and disability. Although females live longer, lost HALE is longer as well, on average 1.3 years or 17% more than males.
Population (000s)¹
54 045
Poverty³
6.2%
GDP per capita³ (Current US$)
1326.0
Current health expenditure as share of GDP
⁴ 5.1%
0 20 40 60 80
Age (years) Male
Female
HALE Lost HALE
Monitoring the health SDG goal: Indicators of overall progress
(ppp < $1.90 a day)
5.7%
The goal of universal health coverage (UHC) is that all people and communities receive the health care they need, without suffering financial hardship. Monitoring UHC requires measuring health service coverage and financial protection (SDG target 3.8).
Universal health coverage: At the centre of the health goal
HEALTH SERVICES COVERAGE
The summary measure of essential health services coverage, service coverage index of 16 indicators in four main areas: (1) reproductive, maternal, newborn and child health; (2) infectious diseases; (3) noncommunicable diseases; (4) service capacity, access and health security.
FINANCIAL PROTECTION
Financial protection is measured through two indicators:
(1) impoverishment, and (2) catastrophic health expenditure.
Impoverishment: 0.6% or approximately 324 300 people are being pushed into poverty (at $1.90 level) because of out-of-pocket health spending ¹⁸ .
Catastrophic expenditure on health: 14.4% of people spent more than 10% of their household's total expenditure on health care ¹⁸ .
Family planning
coverage⁶ Pregnancy and
delivery care⁶ Child immunization
coverage⁷ (DTP3) Care seeking behaviour suspected pneumonia⁶ 0
50 100
Coverage (%)
75 60
89
58
Reproductive, maternal, newborn and child health
Latest available data (2010-2017)Tuberculosis (effective) treatment
Coverage⁸
HIV antiretroviral
therapy coverage⁹ Insecticide-treated bednets/IRS coverage for malaria prevention¹⁰
Access to basic sanitation¹¹ (%) 0
50 100
Coverage (%) 100
60 66 65
Infectious diseases
Prevalence of normal fasting glucose level¹²
Prevalence of normal blood pressure¹²
Cervical cancer
screening¹³ Tobacco non-use¹⁴ 0
50 100
Coverage (%) 100
76
46 4
Noncommunicable diseases
Density of hospital beds¹², expressed as % of global threshold, 18/10
000
Heath worker density¹⁵, expressed as % of
global threshold, 44.5/10 000
Access to essential
medicines¹⁶ Health security: IHR compliance¹⁷ 0
50 100
Coverage (%)
50 40 43 66
Service capacity, access and health security
UHC services coverage index of essential health services To provide a summary measure of
coverage, an index of national service coverage is computed by averaging service coverage values across the 16 tracer indicators. The UHC coverage index ranges from 0% to 100%, with 100% implying full coverage across a
range of services.
2010 20170 50 100
Coverage (%)
49 54
UHC services coverage index
Out-of-pocket expenditure, as % of the health expenditure (2016)
Public spending on health⁴ is determined by the capacity of the government to raise revenues and the level of priority it attaches to the health sector.
This profile provides an overview of the current status of progress towards the 13 targets under the
Sustainable Development Goal #3 (SDG3): Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages.
All SDG3 indicators plus other selected health-related indicators are presented using global health estimates or country comparable reported values if available.
When nationally reported indicators from other sources are available, these are included in the references.
74%
68.9 64.6
5.7%
2019 Health SDG Profi le: Myanmar
Variation by education
Equity status and trends: Variation by income, geographical location and education*
*There are many dimensions of equity, including but not limited to examples based on income, geographical location, and education presented here but also age, sex, race, and others. SDG 17.18 emphasizes the need for disaggregated data to facilitate better measurement of inequalities.
SDG 3: Health targets
Maternal and child mortality (SDG target 3.1, 3.2)
Births attended by skilled health personnel⁶
⋅¹⁹
⋅²³
2010 2015
0 50 100
Pe rc en ta ge (% )
70.6
60.2
Maternal mortality ratio²²
2000 2005 2010 2015
0 150 300 450
M M R (p er 1 00 0 00 li ve b irt hs )
308.0
178.0
1990 2000 2005 2010 2015 2016 2017 0
50 100 150 200
C M R (p er 1 00 0 liv e bi rth s)
49.0 24.0 116.0
48.0
Child mortality ²⁴
Neonatal mortality rate Under-five mortality rate
Health service delivery
NCD risk factors
2000 2005 2010 2015
0 50 100
Su cc es s ra te
82.0 88.0
TB treatment success rate for new cases²¹
2000 2005 2010 2015
0 50 100
C ov er ag e (% )
89.082.0Coverage of DTP3 immunization⁷
Female Male
2000 2005 2010 2015
0 10 20
Pe rc en ta ge (% )
1.2 4.0
3.1
7.3
Prevalence of obesity among adults²¹
(18+ years of age) 2015
0 50 100
C ov er ag e (% )
84.2
50.8
Antenatal care coverage
⁶(4+ visits)
Rural Urban
2009 2015
0 50 100
Pr op or tio n (% )
96.1 97.051.0
36.3
Proportion of births attended by skilled birth
attendant
⁶⋅¹⁹
Quintile 1 (poorest) Quintile 5 (richest)
Variation by geographical location
2009 2015
0 50 100
Pe rc en ta ge (% )
50.3 55.8
Children < 5 yrs with diarrhoea receiving ORT and continued feeding
⁶⋅¹⁹
Variation by income
2000 2005 2010 2015
0 25 50
Pe rc en ta ge (% )
19.8 22.6
19.0 22.4
Prevalence of raised blood pressure among adults²¹ (18+ years of age)
Female Male
2014 0
25 50 75 100
Pe rc en ta ge (% )
79.8
29.1
Prevalence of tobacco use¹⁴
Female Male
2009 2015
0 50 100
C ov er ag e (% )
27.1 38.2 49.5
17.0 31.439.3
Prevalence of stunting among children under-five
by mother's education level
⁶⋅¹⁹
None Primary Secondary +
2010 2012 2014 2016
0.0 0.5 1.0
Pe r p er so n pe r y ea r
0.07
0.64
OPD utilization²⁰ (per person per year)
Bed occupancy rate (BOR)
Current data are insufficient for analysis
Cervical cancer screening¹³
Women ever had a cervical cancer screening test (%)
4%
2019 Health SDG Profi le: Myanmar
TB incidence rate²⁶
20132014201520162017 0
150 300 450
TB incidence (per 100,000 pop.)
373 369 365 361 358
Communicable diseases (SDG target 3.3)
Indicators SDG
target Year Myanmar Regional estimate Probability of dying from any of CVD,cancer,
diabetes,CRD between age 30 and age 70²⁸ ⋅ ²⁹ 3.4.1 2016 24.2 23.1 Noncommunicable diseases and injuries
Malaria incidence is calculated for confirmed cases.
Indicators Year Myanmar Regional estimate Hepatitis B surface
antigen prevalance among children under 5 years²⁸ (%)
2015 2.03
Number of people requiring
interventions against neglected tropical²⁸
2017 37482212
0.26
73,300,000
2007 2015
0 50 100 150 200
Adolescent birth rate
36.0 16.9
Adolescent birth rate (per 1000 women aged 15 to 19 years)⁶⋅
¹⁷
Proportion of married or in-union women of reproductive age who have their need for family
planning satisfied with modern methods⁶ (%) 3.7.1 2015 74.9 75.1 Sexual and reproductive health
Female Male
2000 2005 2010 2015
0 250 500 750 1000
Total NCD mortality rate (per 100 000 pop.)
773.3 849.7
724.5 720.2
Total NCD mortality²¹
2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 0
5 10
Deaths per 100 000 population
1.9
8.9 Reported road traffic deaths³²
(per 100 000 population)
Adolescent birth rate⁶ (per 1000 women aged
15 to19 years) 3.7.2 2015 36 33.0
Age-standardized mortality rate attributed to household and ambient air pollution²⁸
(per 100 000 population) 3.9.1 2016 156.4 165.8
Mortality due to environmental pollution
Note: A dash (-) implies relevant data are not available
Total net official development assistance to medical research and basic health per capita²⁸
(US $) 3.b.2 2017 2.22
Proportion of health facilities that have a core set of relevant essential medicines available
and affordable on a sustainable basis¹⁶ 3.b.3 2011 43
0.6
-
Health worker density¹⁵ (per 10 000 population) 3.c.1 2016 17.9 - Health workforce
Suicide mortality rate²⁸ (per 100 000
population) 3.4.2 2016 7.8
Total alcohol per capita (age 15+ years)
consumption²⁸ 3.5.2 2016 4.8
Road traffic mortality rate²⁸ ⋅ ³⁰ (per 100 000
population) 3.6.1 2016 19.9
13.2 4.5 20.7
International Health Regulations Core Capacity
Index¹⁷ 3.d.1 2018 66 56
National and global health risks
Mortality rate attributed to exposure to unsafe
WASH services²⁸ (per 100 000 population) 3.9.2 2016 12.6 Mortality rate from unintentional poisoning²⁸ ⋅ ³¹
(per 100 000 population) 3.9.3 2016 1.4
15.4 1.8
Prevalence of tobacco use among persons
aged 15 years and older¹⁴ (%) - Female 3.a.1 2014 29.1 Prevalence of tobacco use among persons
aged 15 years and older¹⁴ (%) - Male 3.a.1 2014 79.8
- - Tobacco use
DTP3 immunization coverage among 1-year-
olds⁷ 3.b.1 2017 89
MCV2 immunization coverage by the nationally
recommended age²⁸ 3.b.1 2017 80
PCV3 immunization coverage among 1-year
olds²⁸ 3.b.1 2017 89
88 77 12 Essential medicines and vaccines
New HIV infections⁹
⋅²⁵
2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 0
1 2
HIV incidence [per 1000 pop]
0.27 0.26 0.25 0.23 0.21
Malaria incidence rate¹⁰
⋅²⁷
2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 5
10 15 20
Incience (per 1000 pop, at risk)
12.2
6.5 5.7 3.5 3.5
2019 Health SDG Profi le: Myanmar
References
1.World population prospects: the 2019 revision. New York: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division; 2019 (https://population.un.org/wpp/, accessed 29 June 2019).
2. World urbanization prospects: 2018 revision. New York: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division; 2018 (https://population.un.org/wpp/, accessed 29 June 2019).
3.World Bank. (https://data.worldbank.org/, accessed 28 May 2019)
4.Global health expenditure database. Geneva: World Health Organization; June 2019
5.Global health estimates 2016: Life expectancy, 2000–2016. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2018 (https://www.who.int/gho/mortality_burden_disease/life_tables/en/, accessed 29 June 2019).
6. Myanmar Demographic and Health Survey 2015-2016. NayPyi Taw, Myanmar, and Rockville, Maryland USA: Ministry of Health and Sports and ICF.
7. WHO/UNICEF estimates of national immunization coverage. (http://apps.who.int/immunization_monitoring/globalsummary/countries?countrycriteria%5Bcountry%5D%5B%5D=BGD, accessed 29 June 2019) 8. Global tuberculosis report 2018. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2018 (https://www.who.int/tb/publications/global_report/en/, accessed 15 March 2019).
9. UNAIDS/AIDSINFO [Online database]. (http://aidsinfo.unaids.org/, accessed 29 June 2019)
10. Calculated. World Malaria Report 2018. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2018 (https://www.who.int/malaria/publications/world-malaria-report-2018/en/ , accessed 15 March 2019).
11. WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme estimate 2015.
12. Tracking universal health coverage: 2017 global monitoring report 13. Myanmar STEPS survey 2014
14. Myanmar (2014) Tobacco Factsheet 2018. New Delhi: World Health Organization/SEARO; 2018 15. HRH profiles 2018
16. Myanmar Service Availability and Readiness Assessment (SARA) Survey
17. International Health Regulations (2005) Monitoring Framework, GHO data. Geneva: World Health Organization (https://www.who.int/gho/ihr/en/, accessed 21 March 2019).
18. SEARO staff estimates from Myanmar Poverty and Living Condition Survey 2015
19. Myanmar Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS) 2009-2010. Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar. Ministry of National Planning and Economic Development and Ministry of Health, Myanmar.
20. Calculated. Annual Public Health Statistics 2012-2014
21. WHO. Global Health Observatory (GHO) (https://www.who.int/gho/en/ - accessed 29 June 2019)
22. Trends in maternal mortality: 1990 to 2015: estimates by WHO, UNICEF, UNFPA, World Bank Group and the United Nations Population Division. Geneva; 2015 (https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/194254/9789241565141_eng.pdf;jsessionid=56B6C12830EA6EA8CD0F30A8433E8FC3?sequence=1, accessed 28 May 2019).
23.See for Births attended by skilled health personnel. Country reported value: 2009=70.6, 2010=64.8, 2011=67.1, 2012=67.9, 2013=72.3, 2014=74.1, 2015=76.7, 2016=60.2, Data Source= Myanmar Public Health Statistics Report. 2017=80.2, 2018=82.8 Data Source=Provisional data retrieved from Myanmar E-HMIS/DHIS2 database
24. Levels & trends in child mortality: report 2017: estimates developed by the UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation. New York (NY), Geneva and Washington (DC): UNICEF, World Health Organization, World Bank, United Nation; 2017 (http://www.childinfo.org/, accessed 28 May 2019).
25. See for New HIV infections. Country reported value: 2015=0.24. Data source: Myanmar SDG Indicator Baseline Report 26. WHO Global Tuberculosis database [online]. ( https://www.who.int/tb/country/data/download/en/, accessed 29 June 2019).
27. See for Malaria Incidence rate. Country reported value: 2018=1.8, Data Source: Myanmar National Data 2018 28. World Health Statistics 2019.
(https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/324835/9789241565707-eng.pdf?ua=1, accessed 28 May 2019)
29. See for Probability of dying from any of CVD,cancer, diabetes,CRD between age 30 and age 70. Country reported value. 2012=47.3 Data source: Myanmar SDG Indicator Baseline Report
30. See for road traffic mortality rate. Country reported value. 2009=3.0, 2010=3.7, 2011=4.7, 2012=6.1, 2013=6.6, 2014=8.1, 2015=8.4, 2016=9.2; Data source: Myanmar Public Health Statistics report. 2017=10, 2018=11.1; Data Source= Provisional data retrieved from Myanmar E-HMIS/DHIS2 database
31. See for mortality rate from unintentional poisoning. Country reported value. 2009=0.48, 2010=0.46, 2011=0.46, 2012=0.65, 2013=0.73, 2014=0.76, 2015=0.68, 2016=0.76, Data Source= Myanmar Public Health Statistics Report, 2017=0.65, 2018=0.67; Data Source= Provisional data retrieved from Myanmar E-HMIS/DHIS2 database
32. Country reported
Other health-related SDGs
Annual mean concentrations of fine particulate
matter (PM2.5) in urban areas²⁸ (µg/m3) 11.6 2016 34.7 57.3 Ambient air pollution
Mortality rate due to homicide²⁸ (per 100 000
population) 16.1.1 2016 4.3 4.1
Homicide and conflicts
Birth registration coverage⁶ 16.9.1 2015 81.3 -
Birth registration
Note: A dash (-) implies relevant data are not available
Completeness of cause-of-death data (%) 17.19.2 2017 - 10 Cause-of-death data
Indicators SDG
target Year Myanmar Regional estimate Domestic general government health expenditure
as percentage of general government
expenditure⁴ (%) 1.a 2016 4.8 6.7
General government health expenditure
2000 2005 2010 2015 2016 2017 0
50 100
Percentage (%)
11.0 17.0 18.0 20.0 5.0 7.0
Population with primary reliance on clean fuels²¹ (%)
2000 2009 2015
0 50 100
Percentage (%)
60.6
72.4
81.3 Birth registration coverage⁶⋅¹⁹ (%)
Proportion of ever-partnered women and girls aged 15 yrs and older subjected to physical, sexual or psychological violence by a current or former intimate partner in previous 12 months²⁸
5.2 2017 11 -
Intimate Partner Violence
Amount of water- and sanitation-related official development assistance that is part of a government-coordinated spending plan²⁸ (constant 2016 US$ millions)
6.a 2017 75.91 1484.41
Proportion of population using safely managed
drinking-water services 6.1 2015 -
Proportion of population using safely managed
sanitation services 6.2 2015 -
- - Drinking water services and sanitation
Children under 5 years who are stunted⁶ 2.2.1 2015 29.2 Children under 5 years who are wasted⁶ 2.2.2 2015 6.9 Children under 5 years who are overweight⁶ 2.2.3 2015 1.9
33.0 15.2 3.4 Child nutrition
Proportion of population with primary reliance on
clean fuel²⁸ (%) 7.1 2017 20 45
Clean household energy
Prevalence of stunting among children under-five⁶⋅¹⁹
2000 2009 2015
0 50 100
Percentage (%)
33.9 35.1
29.2
