2019 Health SDG Profi le: Indonesia
Out-of-pocket expenditure⁴ In most cases, high percentage of out-of-pocket
expenditure out of the total health expenditure is associated with low financial protection.
Indonesia
Urban population²
55.3%
Life expectancy at birth
Life expectancy⁵ measures how long people will live and is an indication of overall mortality of a country's population. Lost healthy life expectancy (HALE) represents equivalent year(s) of full health lost through years lived with morbidity and disability. Although females live longer, lost HALE is longer as well, on average 1.5 years or 21.7% more than males.
Population (000s)¹
270 626
Poverty³
5.7%
GDP per capita³ (Current US$)
3893.6
Current health expenditure as share of GDP
⁴ 3.1%
0 20 40 60 80
Age (years) Male
Female
HALE Lost HALE
Monitoring the health SDG goal: Indicators of overall progress
(ppp < $1.90 a day)
5.7%
The goal of universal health coverage (UHC) is that all people and communities receive the health care they need, without suffering financial hardship. Monitoring UHC requires measuring health service coverage and financial protection (SDG target 3.8).
Universal health coverage: At the centre of the health goal
HEALTH SERVICES COVERAGE
The summary measure of essential health services coverage, service coverage index of 16 indicators in four main areas: (1) reproductive, maternal, newborn and child health; (2) infectious diseases; (3) noncommunicable diseases; (4) service capacity, access and health security.
FINANCIAL PROTECTION
Financial protection is measured through two indicators:
(1) impoverishment, and (2) catastrophic health expenditure.
Impoverishment: 0.2% or approximately 541 252 people are being pushed into poverty (at $1.90 level) because of out-of-pocket health spending¹⁶ .
Catastrophic expenditure on health: 2.7% of people spent more than 10% of their household's total expenditure on health care¹⁶.
Family planning
coverage⁶ Pregnancy and
delivery care⁶ Child immunization
coverage⁷ (DTP3) Care seeking behaviour suspected pneumonia⁶ 0
50 100
Coverage (%)
79
79 90
69
Reproductive, maternal, newborn and child health
Latest available data (2010-2017)Tuberculosis (effective) treatment
Coverage⁸
HIV antiretroviral
therapy coverage⁹ Insecticide-treated bednets/IRS coverage for malaria prevention¹⁰
Access to basic sanitation¹¹ (%) 0
50 100
Coverage (%) 100
46
14
68
Infectious diseases
Prevalence of normal fasting glucose level¹²
Prevalence of normal blood pressure¹²
Cervical cancer
screening Tobacco non-use¹³ 0
50 100
Coverage (%)
100 76 64
Noncommunicable diseases
Density of hospital beds¹², expressed as % of global threshold, 18/10
000
Heath worker density¹⁴, expressed as % of
global threshold, 44.5/10 000
Access to essential
medicines Health security: IHR compliance¹⁵ 0
50 100
Coverage (%)
67 55 63
Service capacity, access and health security
UHC services coverage index of essential health services To provide a summary measure of
coverage, an index of national service coverage is computed by averaging service coverage values across the 16 tracer indicators. The UHC coverage index ranges from 0% to 100%, with 100% implying full coverage across a
range of services.
2010 20190 50 100
Coverage (%)
43
65
UHC services coverage index
Out-of-pocket expenditure, as % of the health expenditure (2016)
Public spending on health ⁴ is determined by the capacity of the government to raise revenues and the level of priority it attaches to the health sector.
This profile provides an overview of the current status of progress towards the 13 targets under the
Sustainable Development Goal #3 (SDG3): Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages.
All SDG3 indicators plus other selected health-related indicators are presented using global health estimates or country comparable reported values if available.
When nationally reported indicators from other sources are available, these are included in the references.
37.3%
67.3 71.4
5.7%
2019 Health SDG Profi le: Indonesia
Variation by education
Equity status and trends: Variation by income, geographical location and education*
*There are many dimensions of equity, including but not limited to examples based on income, geographical location, and education presented here but also age, sex, race, and others. SDG 17.18 emphasizes the need for disaggregated data to facilitate better measurement of inequalities.
SDG 3: Health targets
Maternal and child mortality (SDG target 3.1, 3.2)
Births attended by skilled health personnel⁶
⋅¹⁷
⋅²¹
1997 2002-2003 2007 2012 0
50 100
Pe rc en ta ge (% )
83.149.1
66.2 73.0
Maternal mortality ratio²⁰
2000 2005 2010 2015
0 150 300 450
M M R (p er 1 00 0 00 li ve b irt hs )
265.0
126.0
1990 2000 2005 2010 2015 2016 2017 0
25 50 75 100
C M R (p er 1 00 0 liv e bi rth s)
84.025.4 30.0
12.4
Child mortality²²
Neonatal mortality rate Under-five mortality rate
Health service delivery
NCD risk factors
2000 2005 2010 2015
0 50 100
Su cc es s ra te
87.0 86.0
TB treatment success rate for new cases¹⁸
2000 2005 2010 2015
0 50 100
Pe rc en ta ge (% )
75.0 79.0
Coverage of DTP3 immunization⁷
Cervical cancer screening
Female Male
2000 2005 2010 2015
0 10 20
Pe rc en ta ge (% )
1.3 4.8
3.8
8.9
Prevalence of obesity among adults¹⁸
(18+ years of age) 1994 1997 2002 2007 2012
0 50 100
Pe rc en ta ge (% )
86.2 92.856.9
82.8
Antenatal care coverage
⁶⋅¹⁷(4+ visits)
Rural Urban
1997 2002 2007 2012
0 50 100
Pe rc en ta ge (% )
89.2 96.621.3
57.5
Proportion of births attended by skilled birth
attendant
⁶⋅¹⁷
Quintile 1 (poorest) Quintile 5 (richest)
Variation by geographical location
1997 2002 2007 2012
0 50 100
Pe rc en ta ge (% )
36.8
61.0
Children < 5 yrs with diarrhoea receiving ORT
and continued feeding
⁶⋅¹⁷ Bed occupancy rate¹⁹ (BOR)
Variation by income
2000 2005 2010 2015
0 25 50
Pe rc en ta ge (% )
25.5 24.3
24.9 23.1
Prevalence of raised blood pressure among adults¹⁸ (18+ years of age)
Female Male
2011 0
50 100
Pe rc en ta ge (% )
67.44.5
Prevalence of tobbaco use¹⁸
Female Male
Current data are insufficient for analysis
OPD utilization (per person per year)
Current data are insufficient for analysis
Prevalence of stunting among children under-five by mother's education level
Current data are insufficient for analysis
Bed occupancy rate, 2004-2012
60%
2019 Health SDG Profi le: Indonesia
Malaria incidence rate¹⁰
2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 0
5 10
Incidence (per 1000 pop. at risk)
2.3 3.8 3.2
0.8 0.8
TB incidence rate²³
20132014 201520162017 0
150 300 450
TB incidence (per 100,000 pop.) 403 399 395 391 319
Communicable diseases (SDG target 3.3)
Indicators SDG
target Year Indonesia Regional estimate Probability of dying from any of CVD,cancer,
diabetes,CRD between age 30 and age 70²⁴ 3.4.1 2016 26.4 23.1 Noncommunicable diseases and injuries
Malaria incidence is calculated for confirmed cases
Indicators Year Indonesia Regional estimate Hepatitis B surface
antigen prevalance among children under 5 years²⁴ (%)
2015 1.07
Number of people requiring
interventions against neglected tropical²⁴
2017 100,463,256
0.26
73,300,000
1997 2003 2007 2012 2015 0
50 100 150 200
Adolescent birth rate
62.0 51.0 51.0 48.4 40.1
Adolescent birth rate (per 1000 women
aged 15 to 19 years)
⁶⋅¹⁷
Proportion of married or in-union women of reproductive age who have their need for family
planning satisfied with modern methods⁶ (%) 3.7.1 2012 79 75.1 Sexual and reproductive health
Female Male
2000 2005 2010 2015
0 250 500 750 1000
Total NCD mortality rate (per 100 000 pop.)
869.6 882.3
673.8
738.1
Total NCD mortality¹⁸
2010 2012 2014 2016
0 5 10
Deaths per 100 000 population
13.1
10.1
Reported road traffic deaths²⁶ (per 100
000 population)
Adolescent birth rate²⁵ (per 1000 women aged
15 to19 years) 3.7.2 2015 40.1 33.0
Age-standardized mortality rate attributed to household and ambient air pollution²⁴
(per 100 000 population) 3.9.1 2016 112.4 165.8
Mortality due to environmental pollution
Note: A dash (-) implies relevant data are not available
Total net official development assistance to medical research and basic health per capita²⁴
(US $) 3.b.2 2017 1.38
Proportion of health facilities that have a core set of relevant essential medicines available
and affordable on a sustainable basis 3.b.3 2017 -
0.6
-
Health worker density¹⁴ (per 10 000 population) 3.c.1 2016 24.4 - Health workforce
2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 0.0
0.2 0.4
HIV incidence (per 1000 pop)
0.22 0.21 0.20 0.19 0.19
New HIV infections⁹
Suicide mortality rate²⁴
(per 100 000 population) 3.4.2 2016 3.4
Total alcohol per capita (age 15+ years)
consumption²⁴ 3.5.2 2016 0.8
Road traffic mortality rate²⁴
(per 100 000 population) 3.6.1 2016 12.2
13.2 4.5 20.7
International Health Regulations Core Capacity
Index¹⁵ 3.d.1 2018 63 56
National and global health risks
Mortality rate attributed to exposure to unsafe
WASH services²⁴ (per 100 000 population) 3.9.2 2016 7.1 Mortality rate from unintentional poisoning²⁴
(per 100 000 population) 3.9.3 2016 0.4
15.4 1.8
Prevalence of tobacco use among persons
aged 15 years and older¹³ (%) - Female 3.a.1 2011 4.5 Prevalence of tobacco use among persons
aged 15 years and older¹³ (%) - Male 3.a.1 2011 67.4
- - Tobacco use
DTP3 immunization coverage among 1-year-
olds⁷ 3.b.1 2017 79
MCV2 immunization coverage by the nationally
recommended age²⁴ 3.b.1 2017 63
PCV3 immunization coverage among 1-year
olds²⁴ 3.b.1 2017 -
88
77
12
Essential medicines and vaccines
2019 Health SDG Profi le: Indonesia
References
1. World population prospects: the 2019 revision. New York: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division; 2019 (https://population.un.org/wpp/, accessed 29 June 2019).
2. World urbanization prospects: 2018 revision. New York: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division; 2018 (https://population.un.org/wpp/, accessed 29 June 2019).
3. World Bank. (https://data.worldbank.org/, accessed 28 May 2019) 4. Global health expenditure database. Geneva: World Health Organization
5. Global health estimates 2016: Life expectancy, 2000–2016. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2018 (https://www.who.int/gho/mortality_burden_disease/life_tables/en/, accessed 29 June 2019).
6. Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) 2012. Jakarta, Indonesia: BPS, BKKBN, Kemenkes, and ICF International. (https://dhsprogram.com/pubs/pdf/FR275/FR275.pdf , accessed 29 June 2019) 7. WHO/UNICEF estimates of national immunization coverage. (http://apps.who.int/immunization_monitoring/globalsummary/countries?countrycriteria%5Bcountry%5D%5B%5D=BGD, accessed 29 June 2019) 8. Global tuberculosis report 2018. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2018 (https://www.who.int/tb/publications/global_report/en/, accessed 15 March 2019).
9. UNAIDS/AIDSINFO [Online database]. (http://aidsinfo.unaids.org/, accessed 29 June 2019)
10. Calculated. World Malaria Report 2018. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2018 (https://www.who.int/malaria/publications/world-malaria-report-2018/en/, accessed 15 March 2019).
11. WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme estimate 2015.
12. Tracking universal health coverage: 2017 global monitoring report
13. Indonesia (2011) Tobacco Factsheet 2018. New Delhi: World Health Organization/SEARO; 2018.
(https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/272673/wntd_2018_indonesia_fs.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y, accessed 28 June 2019) 14. HRH profiles 2018
15. International Health Regulations (2005) Monitoring Framework, GHO data. Geneva: World Health Organization (https://www.who.int/gho/ihr/en/, accessed 21 March 2019).
16. SEARO staff estimates from Indonesia Survei Sosial Ekonomi Nasional (SUSENAS) 2018
17. Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) 1997, Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) 2002, Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) 2012 18. WHO. Global Health Observatory (GHO) (https://www.who.int/gho/en/ - accessed 29 June 2019)
19. The Republic of Indonesia Health System Review. Health System in Transition. New Delhi: World Health Organization; 2017 (https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/254716/9789290225164-eng.pdf;sequence=1, accessed 21 June 2019)
20.Trends in maternal mortality: 1990 to 2015: estimates by WHO, UNICEF, UNFPA, World Bank Group and the United Nations Population Division. Geneva; 2015 (http://www.who.int/reproductivehealth/publications/monitoring/maternal-mortality-2015/en/, accessed 28 May 2019).
21.See for Proportion of births attended by skilled health personnel. Country reported value:2013=90.9, 2014=88.7, 2015=88.6. Data Source: Ministry of Health, Statistics, Indonesia
22. Levels & trends in child mortality: report 2017: estimates developed by the UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation. New York (NY), Geneva and Washington (DC): UNICEF, World Health Organization, World Bank, United Nation; 2017 (http://www.childinfo.org/, accessed 28 May 2019).
23. WHO Global Tuberculosis database [online].
(https://www.who.int/tb/country/data/download/en/, accessed 29 June 2019).
24.World Health Statistics 2019.
(https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/324835/9789241565707-eng.pdf?ua=1, accessed 28 May 2019) 25. Indonesia: intercensal population survey 2015
26. Country reported
27. .Agency for Health Research and Development (Indonesia). Indonesia Basic Health Research 2013.
Other health-related SDGs
Annual mean concentrations of fine particulate
matter (PM2.5) in urban areas²⁴ (µg/m3) 11.6 2016 15.6 57.3 Ambient air pollution
Mortality rate due to homicide²⁴ (per 100 000
population) 16.1.1 2016 4.5 4.1
Homicide and conflicts
Birth registration coverage⁶ 16.9.1 2012 66.6 -
Birth registration
Note: A dash (-) implies relevant data are not available
Completeness of cause-of-death data (%) 17.19.2 2017 - 10 Cause-of-death data
Indicators SDG
target Year Indonesia Regional estimate Domestic general government health expenditure
as percentage of general government
expenditure⁴ 1.a 2016 8.3 6.7
General government health expenditure
2000 2005 2010 2015 2016 2017 0
50 100
Percentage (%)
18.0 40.0
56.0 58.0 65.0
5.0
Population with primary reliance on clean fuels¹⁸ (%)
2007 2012
0 50 100
Percentage (%)
50.6
66.6 Birth registration coverage⁶⋅¹⁷ (%)
Proportion of ever-partnered women and girls aged 15 yrs and older subjected to physical, sexual or psychological violence by a current or former intimate partner in previous 12 months
5.2 2017 - -
Intimate Partner Violence
Amount of water- and sanitation-related official development assistance that is part of a government-coordinated spending plan²⁴ (constant 2016 US$ millions)
6.a 2017 121.9 1484.41
Proportion of population using safely managed
drinking-water services 6.1 2015 -
Proportion of population using safely managed
sanitation services 6.2 2015 -
- - Drinking water services and sanitation
Children under 5 years who are stunted²⁶ 2.2.1 2013 37.2 Children under 5 years who are wasted²⁶ 2.2.2 2013 13.5 Children under 5 years who are overweight²⁶ 2.2.3 2013 11.5
33.0 15.2 3.4 Child nutrition
Proportion of population with primary reliance on
clean fuel²⁴ (%) 7.1 2017 65 45
Clean household energy
Prevalence of stunting among children under-five²⁷
2007 2010 2013
0 50 100
Percentage (%)
36.8 35.6 37.2
