IndiaUrban population

(1)

2019 Health SDG Proﬁ le: India

Out-of-pocket expenditure⁴ In most cases, high percentage of out-of-pocket

expenditure out of the total health expenditure is associated with low financial protection.

India

Urban population²

34%

Life expectancy at birth

Life expectancy⁵ measures how long people will live and is an indication of overall mortality of a country's population. Lost healthy life expectancy (HALE) represents equivalent year(s) of full health lost through years lived with morbidity and disability. Although females live longer, lost HALE is longer as well, on average 1.7 years or 19.5% more than males.

Population (000s)¹

1 366 418

Poverty³

21.2%

GDP per capita³ (Current US$)

2015.6

Current health expenditure as share of GDP

⁴ 3.6%

0 20 40 60 80

Age (years) Male

Female

HALE Lost HALE

Monitoring the health SDG goal: Indicators of overall progress

(ppp < $1.90 a day)

5.7%

The goal of universal health coverage (UHC) is that all people and communities receive the health care they need, without suffering financial hardship. Monitoring UHC requires measuring health service coverage and financial protection (SDG target 3.8).

Universal health coverage: At the centre of the health goal

HEALTH SERVICES COVERAGE

The summary measure of essential health services coverage, service coverage index of 16 indicators in four main areas: (1) reproductive, maternal, newborn and child health; (2) infectious diseases; (3) noncommunicable diseases; (4) service capacity, access and health security.

FINANCIAL PROTECTION

Financial protection is measured through two indicators:

(1) impoverishment, and (2) catastrophic health expenditure.

Impoverishment: Insufficient data

Catastrophic expenditure on health: Insufficient data

Family planning

coverage⁶ Pregnancy and

delivery care⁶ Child immunization

coverage⁷ (DTP3) Care seeking behaviour suspected pneumonia⁶ 0

50 100

Coverage (%)

72 64 88 78

Reproductive, maternal, newborn and child health

Latest available data (2010-2017)

Tuberculosis (effective) treatment

Coverage⁸

HIV antiretroviral

therapy coverage⁹ Insecticide-treated bednets/IRS coverage for malaria prevention¹⁰

Access to basic sanitation¹¹ (%) 0

50 100

Coverage (%)

45 56

37 44

Infectious diseases

Prevalence of normal fasting glucose level¹²

Prevalence of normal blood pressure¹²

Cervical cancer

screening Tobacco non-use¹³ 0

50 100

Coverage (%)

76 74 71

Noncommunicable diseases

Density of hospital beds¹², expressed as % of global threshold, 18/10

000

Heath worker density¹⁴, expressed as % of

global threshold, 44.5/10 000

Access to essential

medicines Health security: IHR compliance¹⁵ 0

50 100

Coverage (%)

37

64 75

Service capacity, access and health security

UHC services coverage index of essential health services To provide a summary measure of

coverage, an index of national service coverage is computed by averaging service coverage values across the 16 tracer indicators. The UHC coverage index ranges from 0% to 100%, with 100% implying full coverage across a

range of services.

2010 2019

0 50 100

Coverage (%)

47 61

UHC services coverage index

Out-of-pocket expenditure, as % of the health expenditure (2016)

Public spending on health ⁴ is determined by the capacity of the government to raise revenues and the level of priority it attaches to the health sector.

This profile provides an overview of the current status of progress towards the 13 targets under the

Sustainable Development Goal #3 (SDG3): Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages.

All SDG3 indicators plus other selected health-related indicators are presented using global health estimates or country comparable reported values if available.

When nationally reported indicators from other sources are available, these are included in the references.

65.1%

67.4 70.3

5.7%

(2)

2019 Health SDG Proﬁ le: India

Variation by education

Equity status and trends: Variation by income, geographical location and education*

*There are many dimensions of equity, including but not limited to examples based on income, geographical location, and education presented here but also age, sex, race, and others. SDG 17.18 emphasizes the need for disaggregated data to facilitate better measurement of inequalities.

SDG 3: Health targets

Maternal and child mortality (SDG target 3.1, 3.2)

Births attended by skilled health personnel²⁰

2005 2013 2015

0 50 100

Pe rc en ta ge (% )

45.5

81.1 81.4

Maternal mortality ratio¹⁹

2000 2005 2010 2015

150 300 450

M M R (p er 1 00 0 00 li ve b irt hs )

374.0

174.0

1990 2000 2005 2010 2015 2016 2017 0

50 100 150 200

C M R (p er 1 00 0 liv e bi rth s)

126.0

39.4 57.0

24.0

Child mortality²¹

Neonatal mortality rate Under-five mortality rate

Health service delivery

NCD risk factors

2000 2005 2010 2015

0 50 100

Su cc es s ra te

34

69

TB treatment success rate for new cases¹⁸

2000 2005 2010 2015

0 50 100

Pe rc en ta ge (% )

_88.0

58.0

Coverage of DTP3 immunization⁷

Cervical cancer screening

Female Male

2000 2005 2010 2015

0 10 20

Pe rc en ta ge (% )

1.0 2.7

2.3

5.1

Prevalence of obesity among adults¹⁸

(18+ years of age)

2005 2015

0 50 100

Pe rc en ta ge (% )

62.4 66.4

27.7

44.8

Antenatal care coverage⁶

⋅¹⁶

(4+ visits)

Rural Urban

2005 2015

0 50 100

Pe rc en ta ge (% )

^88.5 ^95.5

18.0

64.1

Proportion of births attended by skilled birth

attendant⁶

⋅¹⁶

Quintile 1 (poorest) Quintile 5 (richest)

Variation by geographical location

2005 2015

0 50 100

Pe rc en ta ge (% )

24.1

38.3

Children < 5 yrs with diarrhoea receiving ORT

and continued feeding⁶

⋅¹⁶

Bed occupancy rate (BOR)

Variation by income

2000 2005 2010 2015

0 25 50

Pe rc en ta ge (% )

25.6 26.6

24.2 24.7

Prevalence of raised blood pressure among adults¹⁸ (18+ years of age)

Female Male

2016 0

50 100

Pe rc en ta ge (% )

42.4

14.2

Prevalence of tobbaco use¹³

Female Male

Current data are insufficient for analysis

2011 2013 2015 2017

0 1 2

Pe r p er so n pe r y ea r

0.7

1.3

OPD utilization¹⁷ (per person per year)

Current data are insufficient for analysis

2005 2015

0 50 100

Pe rc en ta ge (% )

20.9 32.8 50.8

Prevalence of stunting among children under-five

by mother's education level⁶

⋅¹⁶

(4+ visits)

None Primary Secondary+

(3)

Malaria incidence rate¹⁰

2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 0.0

0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0

Incidence (per 1000 pop. at risk)

0.79 0.94 0.98 0.88 0.88

TB incidence rate²²

20132014 201520162017 0

150 300 450

TB incidence (per 100,000 pop.)

228 223 217 211 204

Communicable diseases (SDG target 3.3)

Indicators SDG

target Year India Regional estimate Probability of dying from any of CVD,cancer,

diabetes,CRD between age 30 and age 70²³ (%) 3.4.1 2016 23.3 23.1 Noncommunicable diseases and injuries

Malaria incidence is calculated for confirmed cases

Indicators Year India Regional estimate Hepatitis B surface

antigen prevalance among children under 5 years²³ (%)

2015 0.51

Number of people requiring

interventions against neglected tropical diseases²³

2017 515,659,936

0.26 73,300,000

1998 2005 2015

0 50 100 150 200

Adolescent birth rate

107.0

90.0

51.0

Adolescent birth rate⁶

⋅¹⁶⋅

²⁷ (per 1000 women aged 15 to 19 years)

Proportion of married or in-union women of reproductive age who have their need for family

planning satisfied with modern methods⁶ (%) 3.7.1 2015 71.9 71.4 Sexual and reproductive health

Female Male

2000 2005 2010 2015

0 250 500 750 1000

Total NCD mortality rate (per 100 000 pop.)

726.9

874.9

615.8

727.0

Total NCD mortality¹³

2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 0

5 10 15 20

Deaths per 100 000 population

9.5

11.7

Reported road traffic deaths²⁶

(per 100 000 population)

Adolescent birth rate⁶ (per 1000 women aged 15

to19 years) 3.7.2 2015 51 33.0

Age-standardized mortality rate attributed to household and ambient air pollution²³

(per 100 000 population) 3.9.1 2016 184.3 165.8

Mortality due to environmental pollution

Note: A dash (-) implies relevant data are not available

Total net official development assistance to medical research and basic health per capita²³

(US $) 3.b.2 2017 0.21

Proportion of the population with access to affordable medicines and vaccines on a

sustainable basis²³ 3.b.3 - -

0.6 -

Health worker density¹⁴ (per 10 000 population) 3.c.1 2016 27.5 - Health workforce

2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 0.0

0.5 1.0

HIV infection (per 1000 pop.)

0.08 0.08 0.07 0.07 0.10

New HIV infections⁹

Suicide mortality rate²³ ⋅ ²⁴ (per 100 000

population) 3.4.2 2016 16.3

Total alcohol per capita (age 15+ years)

consumption²³ 3.5.2 2016 5.7

Road traffic mortality rate²³ ⋅ ²⁵ (per 100 000

population) 3.6.1 2016 22.6

13.2 4.5 20.7

DTP3 immunization coverage among 1-year-

olds⁷ 3.b.1 2017 88

MCV2 immunization coverage by the nationally

recommended age²³ 3.b.1 2017 77

PCV3 immunization coverage among 1-year

olds²³ 3.b.1 2017 -

88 77 12 Essential medicines and vaccines

International Health Regulations Core Capacity

Index¹⁵ 3.d.1 2018 75 56

National and global health risks

Mortality rate attributed to exposure to unsafe

WASH services²³ (per 100 000 population) 3.9.2 2016 18.6 Mortality rate from unintentional poisoning²³

(per 100 000 population) 3.9.3 2016 2.4

15.4 1.8

Prevalence of tobacco use among persons aged

15 years and older¹³ (%) - Female 3.a.1 2016 14.2 Prevalence of tobacco use among persons aged

15 years and older¹³ (%) - Male 3.a.1 2016 42.4

-

Tobacco use

(4)

References

1.World population prospects: the 2019 revision. New York: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division; 2019 (https://population.un.org/wpp/, accessed 29 June 2019).

2. World urbanization prospects: 2018 revision. New York: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division; 2018 (https://population.un.org/wpp/, accessed 29 June 2019).

3.World Bank. (https://data.worldbank.org/, accessed 28 May 2019)

4.Global health expenditure database. Geneva: World Health Organization; June 2019

5.Global health estimates 2016: Life expectancy, 2000–2016. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2018 (https://www.who.int/gho/mortality_burden_disease/life_tables/en/, accessed 29 June 2019).

6. International Institute for Population Sciences (IIPS) and ICF. 2017. National Family Health Survey (NFHS-4), 2015-16: India. Mumbai: IIPS.

7. WHO/UNICEF estimates of national immunization coverage. (http://apps.who.int/immunization_monitoring/globalsummary/countries?countrycriteria%5Bcountry%5D%5B%5D=BGD, accessed 29 June 2019) 8. Global tuberculosis report 2018. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2018 (https://www.who.int/tb/publications/global_report/en/, accessed 15 March 2019).

9. UNAIDS/AIDSINFO [Online database]. (http://aidsinfo.unaids.org/, accessed 29 June 2019)

10. Calculated. World Malaria Report 2018. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2018 (https://www.who.int/malaria/publications/world-malaria-report-2018/en/ , accessed 15 March 2019).

11.WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme estimate 2015.

12. Tracking universal health coverage: 2017 global monitoring report

13. India (2016-2017) Tobacco Factsheet 2018. New Delhi: World Health Organization/SEARO; 2018 14. HRH profiles 2018

15. International Health Regulations (2005) Monitoring Framework, GHO data. Geneva: World Health Organization (https://www.who.int/gho/ihr/en/, accessed 21 March 2019).

16. National Family Health Survey (NFHS-3), 2005-2006: India.

17. Calculated. India HMIS

18. WHO. Global Health Observatory (GHO) (https://www.who.int/gho/en/ - accessed 29 June 2019)

19. Trends in maternal mortality: 1990 to 2015: estimates by WHO, UNICEF, UNFPA, World Bank Group and the United Nations Population Division. Geneva; 2015

(https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/194254/9789241565141_eng.pdf;jsessionid=56B6C12830EA6EA8CD0F30A8433E8FC3?sequence=1, accessed 28 May 2019). See for Maternal Mortality Ratio.

Country reported value: 2011=167, 2012=167, 2013=167. Data Source: NHP 2017 20. India Rapid Survey on Children 2013-14

21. Levels & trends in child mortality: report 2017: estimates developed by the UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation. New York (NY), Geneva and Washington (DC): UNICEF, World Health Organization, World Bank, United Nation; 2017 (http://www.childinfo.org/, accessed 28 May 2019). See for under-five mortality. Country reported value 2010=59, 2012=52, 2014=45, 2015=43, 2016=39. Data Source: SRS statistical report. See for neonatal mortality rate. Country reported value. 2014=26, 2015=25, 2016=24. Data Source: SRS statistical report.

22. WHO Global Tuberculosis database [online]. ( https://www.who.int/tb/country/data/download/en/, accessed 29 June 2019).

23. World Health Statistics 2019.

(https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/324835/9789241565707-eng.pdf?ua=1, accessed 28 May 2019)

24. See for suicide mortality rate. Country reported value.2011=11.2, 2012=21.1, 2013=11, 2014=10.6, 2015=12.2. Data Source:

25. See for road traffic mortality rate. Country reported value: 2015=11.7, 2016=11.9, 2017=11.5; Data Source: Road accidents in India, 2017 26. Country reported.

27. National Family Health Survey (NFHS-2), 1998-1999: India.

28. Vital Statistics Division, Ministry of Home affairs. Vital statistics of India based on civil registration system 2016

Other health-related SDGs

Annual mean concentrations of fine particulate

matter (PM2.5) in urban areas²³ (µg/m3) 11.6 2016 65.2 57.3 Ambient air pollution

Note: A dash (-) implies relevant data are not available

Completeness of cause-of-death data²³ (%) 17.19 2017 10 10 Cause-of-death data

Indicators SDG

target Year India Regional estimate Domestic general government health expenditure

as percentage of general government

expenditure⁴ 1.a 2016 3.1 6.7

General government health expenditure

2000 2005 2010 2015 2016 0

50 100

Percentage (%)

22.0 28.0 34.0 40.0 41.0 Population with primary reliance on

clean fuels¹⁸ (%)

2005 2015 2016

0 50 100

Percentage (%)

41.1

79.7 86.0

Birth registration coverage⁶⋅¹⁶⋅²⁸ (%)

Proportion of ever-partnered women and girls aged 15 yrs and older subjected to physical, sexual or psychological violence by a current or former intimate partner in previous 12 months²³

5.2 2009-2017 22 -

Intimate Partner Violence

Proportion of population using safely managed

drinking-water services 6.1 2015 -

Proportion of population using safely managed

sanitation services 6.2 2015 -

- - Drinking water services and sanitation

Proportion of population with primary reliance on

clean fuel²³ 7.1 2017 49 45

Clean household energy

Prevalence of stunting among children under-five⁶⋅¹⁶⋅ ²⁷ (%)

1998 2005 2015

0 50 100

Percentage (%)

51.5 51.5

Children under 5 years who are overweight⁶ 2.2.3 2015 2.1

38.4

Children under 5 years who are stunted⁶ 2.2.1 2015 38.4 Children under 5 years who are wasted⁶ 2.2.2 2015 21

31.9 3.8 15.1 Child nutrition

Amount of water- and sanitation-related official development assistance that is part of a government-coordinated spending plan ad²³ (constant 2016 US$ millions)