HAL Id: hal-01451771
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Submitted on 1 Feb 2017
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Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution| 4.0 International License
Sustainability Impacts in the IT Strategic Alignment
Antônio Araújo Neto, Ivanir Costa, Andréa Cristóvão, Nilo Serpa
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