Search for down-type fourth generation quarks with the ATLAS detector in events with one lepton and high transverse momentum hadronically decaying W bosons in sqrt(s) = 7 TeV pp collisions

Submitted to Physical Review Letters

Search for down-type fourth generation quarks with the ATLAS detector in events

with one lepton and hadronically decaying W bosons

The ATLAS Collaboration

This Letter presents a search for pair production of heavy down-type quarks decaying via b0 → W t in the lepton + jets channel, as b0b¯0 _{→ W}−

tW+_{¯t → b¯bW}+_W−

W+_W− _{→ l}±

νb¯bq ¯qq ¯qq ¯q. In addition to requiring exactly one lepton, large missing transverse momentum and at least six jets, the invariant mass of nearby jet pairs is used to identify high transverse momentum W bosons. In data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.04 fb−1 from pp collisions at √s = 7 TeV recorded with the ATLAS detector, a heavy down-type quark with mass less than 480 GeV is excluded at the 95% confidence level.

PACS numbers: 12.60.-i, 13.85.Rm, 14.65.-Jk

A fourth generation of chiral quarks is a natural exten-sion to the Standard Model (SM). It can explain some discrepancies observed in meson-mixing data and can provide an additional source of CP violation in Bs

de-cays. A review of theoretical and experimental motiva-tions for a fourth generation of quarks can be found in Refs. [1, 2].

This Letter presents a search for a fourth generation down-type quark, b0. If b0 is chiral and its mass is larger than mt+ mW, then it decays predominantly as

b0 → W t → W W b. Pair production of b0 _{quarks leads}

therefore to four W bosons and two b quarks in the final state. This analysis applies more broadly to any heavy quarks that decay into a W boson and a t quark, though the fourth-generation b0 model is chosen as the bench-mark. The previous limit in the single lepton channel is mb0 > 372 GeV from CDF, based on 4.8 fb−1of data [3].

Searches using two or more high pT leptons in the

fi-nal state have also been done at the Tevatron [4] and at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) [5–7] with comparable sensitivity.

In the decay mode studied here, one of the four W bosons decays leptonically and the others decay hadron-ically. This lepton + jets channel has more SM back-ground than the mode with two W bosons decaying lep-tonically, but significantly larger acceptance. If the mass difference between the b0quark and the top quark is large, the momentum of the W boson from the b0 → W t decay is also large, and the W boson decay products become collimated. At the mass scales relevant to this search, the two quarks from the hadronic W decay give rise to two jets close to each other but still resolvable in the detector as separate jets. The angle between the decay products is related to the transverse momentum (pT) of

the W boson by ∆R ≈ 2mW/pWT [8]. To distinguish the

b0 signature from the SM backgrounds, the number of jet pairs with small opening angle and invariant mass close to the W boson mass is therefore used.

The major challenge for the lepton+jets mode is the estimation of the SM background. The dominant source is t¯t production with additional jets, while W + jets is the next most important contribution. The significant theo-retical uncertainty in the level of gluon radiation affects

the prediction of these backgrounds. As the signal is dis-tinguished from the background largely by the kinematic properties of the jets, there also are significant experi-mental uncertainties due to the energy scale and resolu-tion of the jet energy measurements. Most of these un-certainties can be reduced by examining signal-depleted samples which are sensitive to them. Other backgrounds include single top, Z+jets where a lepton is not detected, and multijet production in which a jet is misidentified as a lepton.

The data for this search were recorded with the ATLAS detector [9]. The momenta of charged particles with pseudorapidity |η| < 2.5 are measured with the inner detector (ID), which includes a silicon pixel detector, a silicon microstrip detector and a straw-tube detector, all operating in a uniform 2 T axial magnetic field. Elec-tromagnetic (EM) calorimetry is provided by a high-granularity, three-layer-depth sampling liquid argon de-tector in the region |η| < 3.2. Jet reconstruction also uses hadronic calorimetry provided by a scintillating tile detector with iron absorbers in the region |η| < 1.7, and liquid argon detectors over 1.5 < |η| < 4.9. The muon spectrometer (MS) includes tracking chambers for preci-sion measurement in the bending plane up to |η| = 2.7 and fast trigger chambers up to |η| = 2.4. The trigger chambers measure also the coordinate in the non-bending plane. The muon detectors operate in a magnetic field generated by three superconducting air-core toroids.

The events used in this analysis were selected using inclusive single electron and muon triggers [10]. Elec-tron candidates are identified by localized energy deposits in the EM calorimeter with transverse energy ET > 20

GeV and |η| < 2.47. The energy cluster must satisfy shower-shape requirements [11] and should be matched with a track reconstructed in the ID. Muon candidates must have transverse momentum pT> 18 GeV, |η| < 2.4

and a consistent trajectory reconstructed by combining segments in the ID and MS.

The data used in this search were collected in the first half of 2011, and correspond to a total integrated lu-minosity of 1.04 ± 0.04 fb−1. During this period, the average number of collisions per bunch crossing was six. The event reconstruction is affected by collisions during

the same bunch crossing as the selected event (in-time pileup) and, to a lesser extent, collisions during adjacent bunch crossings, within the time the detectors are sensi-tive for each trigger (out-of-time pileup). The simulation takes both kinds of pileup into account.

The signal and SM backgrounds are modeled using a variety of generators. Pair-production of b0quarks decay-ing to W t with subsequent showerdecay-ing and hadronization is generated with pythia [12] using the MRST2007 LO* parton distribution function (PDF) set [13]. Seven sam-ples with mb0 masses ranging from 300 to 600 GeV are

used. The cross section for each b0 mass is calculated at approximate next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) us-ing Hathor [14]. For a b0 quark with a mass of 350 GeV, the cross section is 3.20+0.10_−0.19+0.12_−0.12pb, where the first un-certainty comes from varying the renormalization and factorization scales by a factor of two, and the second one from the PDFs. For a 500 GeV b0 quark, the cross section is 0.33+0.01_−0.02+0.01_−0.01pb.

Top quark pair production is modeled using alpgen [15] where hard emission of up to three partons is de-scribed using QCD matrix elements, herwig [16] is used to model the parton shower, and jimmy [17] describes multiple parton interactions. The rate of top quark pro-duction predicted by the simulation is validated with data using an event sample with three, four or five jets, where little or no b0 signal is expected.

Production of a W or Z boson in association with many jets is described in alpgen with hard parton emis-sion of up to five partons and herwig for the parton shower. The W +jets background is normalized using a data-driven method which fits templates from simulated events to a data sample dominated by W decays [18]. The Z+jets background is normalized to a NNLO calcu-lation [19].

Other processes considered are the production of di-bosons (W W, W Z, ZZ), modeled with alpgen and her-wig and normalized to next-to-leading-order (NLO) cal-culations [20]; single top, modeled with mc@nlo [21] and herwig; and t¯tW, t¯tZ, t¯tW W, t¯tW j, t¯tZj, and W W jj, all modeled with madgraph [22] and pythia.

The multijet background is strongly suppressed by the requirements described below. The residual contribution is estimated using a data-driven technique called the ma-trix method, described in detail in Ref. [23]. Validation of this background estimate is done by reversing these requirements to enhance the multijet contribution.

Electrons, jets, muons, and missing transverse momen-tum are used to select events for this search. Electrons are required to have ET > 25 GeV and be within the

pseudorapidity range |η| < 2.47, excluding the barrel-endcap transition region 1.37 < |η| < 1.52. Electrons must pass tight identification requirements [11] and also satisfy calorimeter isolation: the energy not associated to the electron cluster inside a cone of size ∆R = 0.2 around the electron direction must be smaller than 3.5 GeV af-ter the correction for the contributions from inaf-teractions additional to the hard process.

Jets are reconstructed from topological calorimeter clusters using the anti-kt algorithm [24] with radius

parameter 0.4. These jets are then calibrated to the hadronic energy scale using pT- and η-dependent

correc-tion factors obtained from simulacorrec-tion and validated with collision data [25]. For this analysis, jets are required to satisfy pT > 25 GeV and |η| < 2.5. The closest jet

within an η-φ cone of 0.2 around an electron candidate is removed.

Muon candidates must satisfy pT > 20 GeV and

|η| < 2.5 and pass tight identification requirements [23]. Muons must also satisfy calorimeter isolation, which re-quires that the energy, excluding the estimated energy deposited by the muon, is smaller than 4 GeV in a cone of size ∆R = 0.3 around the muon direction, and track isolation, which requires that the summed momentum of all tracks excluding the muon track is smaller than 4 GeV in a cone of size ∆R = 0.3. Finally, all muons within a cone of size ∆R = 0.4 around any jet with pT> 20 GeV

are removed.

The missing transverse momentum (Emiss

T ) is

con-structed from the vector sum of topological calorimeter energy deposits and muon momenta, projected onto the transverse plane [26].

If each b0quark decays to a top quark and a W boson, the resulting final state is t¯tW+W−. In the lepton + jets decay channel, the final state contains one lepton, E_Tmiss from the undetected neutrino, and many jets from the eight quarks. Exactly one lepton (e or µ) must pass the selection described above. Since not all jets are expected to satisfy the momentum and rapidity requirements, at least six jets are required.

To reduce the multijet background, additional re-quirements are placed on the Emiss

T and the transverse

mass of the leptonically decaying W boson, mW_T = q

2Emiss

T p`T(1 − cos(∆φ(EmissT , p`T))). In the electron

channel, Emiss_T > 35 GeV and mW_T > 25 GeV are re-quired, and in the muon channel, Emiss

T > 20 GeV and

Emiss

T +mWT > 60 GeV are required. Only events with six

or more jets are considered. For a b0quark with a mass of 350 GeV, 11.2 ± 1.7% of signal events are accepted with this selection. For a b0 quark with a mass of 500 GeV, 13.5 ± 2.0% of signal events are retained.

At this stage of the selection, pair production of b0 quarks is distinguished mostly by the large number of energetic jets, as shown in Fig. 1. Events with b0 de-cays contain jets from three hadronic W dede-cays, while t¯t background events contain only one hadronic W decay.

To identify these hadronic W decays, pairs of jets sep-arated by ∆R < 1.0 are examined. This choice of ∆R selects W bosons with high pT and reduces the

combi-natorial background in events with large jet multiplicity. The number of reconstructed W bosons (NW) is defined

as the number of such jet pairs with an invariant mass in the range 70 − 100 GeV. This range is not symmetric around the W boson mass as additional energy is often included in the cone. Each jet may contribute to only

Events 1 10 2 10 3 10 4 10 5 10 6 10 _{= 300 GeV} b’ m = 500 GeV b’ m Other W+Jets t t = 7 TeV) s Data ( ATLAS -1 L dt =1.04 fb

∫

Events 1 10 2 10 3 10 4 10 5 10 6 10 jets N 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 (data-SM)/SM -0.5 0 0.5 jets N 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 (data-SM)/SM -0.5 0 0.5

FIG. 1: Jet multiplicity distribution for signal and back-grounds for events with at least one jet. The shaded SM backgrounds are stacked on one another, while the b0 signal histograms are not. In this figure and those following, the bottom plot shows the relative difference between the SM pre-diction and the data together with the uncertainty (shaded band) due to statistics, jet energy scale, and W +jets normal-ization.

one identified hadronic W decay. In Fig. 2, the invariant masses of dijet pairs in a control sample of events with only three to five jets are shown. Good agreement is ob-served between the data and simulation across the entire spectrum including the region close to the W boson mass, where a bump can be seen in the t¯t simulation.

Events/5 GeV 1 10 2 10 3 10 4 10 Other W+Jets t t = 7 TeV) s Data ( ATLAS -1 L dt =1.04 fb

∫

Events/5 GeV 1 10 2 10 3 10 4 10 [GeV] jj m 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 (data-SM)/SM -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 [GeV] jj m 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 (data-SM)/SM -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1

FIG. 2: The invariant mass distribution of jet pairs with ∆R < 1.0 for data and simulation in a control sample of events with exactly three to five jets.

The efficiency of finding a simulated W decay with both quarks matched to separate reconstructed jets de-pends on the W boson pT. For simulated t¯t and b0events

passing the selection described above and containing a W boson with a pTof about 250 GeV the two jets from

TABLE I: Systematic uncertainties in the predicted total background in the signal region. Some of the uncertain-ties have been constrained in background-dominated regions, ‘profiled’ as described in the text. Smaller systematic un-certainties, such as those related to lepton identification and theory, and small uncertainties on the rate, are not profiled and are not included here. For the profiled systematics, the uncertainty before profiling is given in parentheses.

Uncertainty on Background Profiled Uncertainties

W +jets Normalization ±5% (±16%)

ISR/FSR ±12% (±17%)

Jet Energy Resolution ±3% (±6%)

Jet Reconstruction Efficiency ±2% (±3%) Not-profiled Uncertainties

Jet Energy Scale ±31%

t¯t Simulation Generator ±6%

t¯t Showering Model ±3%

the W boson are found approximately 80% of the time. Once both jets are found, the efficiency that the jets have ∆R < 1.0 and a dijet mass within the specified invari-ant mass range is approximately 70%, as can be seen in Fig. 3. [GeV] T W-boson p 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 Efficiency 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 t t = 450 GeV b' m = 550 GeV b' m ATLAS Simulation

FIG. 3: The efficiency for jet pairs from a simulated W boson decay to have ∆R < 1.0 and a dijet mass within 70 − 100 GeV, for simulated t¯t and signal events. Events are required to have exactly six jets.

To further distinguish the potential b0 signal from the backgrounds, nine exclusive bins are examined, defined as a function of the multiplicity of hadronic W decays (NW = 0, 1, ≥ 2) and jet multiplicity (Njet= 6, 7, ≥ 8).

The agreement between data and simulation for the description of the number of jets is validated in events with a scalar sum (HT) of transverse energies of jets and

leptons less than 400 GeV and no reconstructed hadronic W decays, to suppress potential b0 contributions.

Table I shows the major sources of systematic uncer-tainty. The main contributions to uncertainty in the

modeling of the backgrounds and b0 signal come from the jet energy scale and the level of initial and final state radiation (ISR/FSR) in the top quark pair background. The jet energy scale uncertainty is extracted from di-jet events and validated with γ+di-jet events as discussed in Ref. [25], with an additional uncertainty due to in-time pileup. The amounts of simulated ISR and FSR are varied according to their uncertainties for both back-ground and signal events. Jet reconstruction efficiency and jet energy resolution lead to smaller uncertainties in the predicted background.

For the largest background source, t¯t with additional jets, uncertainties in the description of the parton shower and fragmentation model are estimated by comparing predictions of powheg [27] with pythia to powheg with herwig. Uncertainties in the modeling of the pro-duction and decay of the top quark are estimated by com-paring the predictions from powheg with herwig and alpgen.

The W +jets normalization uncertainty is 4%, plus 24% per jet added in quadrature [18]. The uncertainties in lepton reconstruction efficiency and energy scale are de-rived in dilepton samples dominated by Z → `` decays and applied to the simulated background and signal sam-ples.

The systematic uncertainties are treated as correlated between signal and background, and between electron and muon channels, except where they are specific to the background model (e.g. W +jets normalization) or to a channel (e.g. electron or muon efficiencies).

To extract the most likely value of the b0b¯0 _cross

sec-tion in the nine bins of (NW, Njet) multiplicity, a binned

maximum likelihood fit using a profile likelihood ratio is performed, varying each background rate within its un-certainty, and allowing shape and rate variation due to the systematic uncertainties described above. The signal and background rates are fitted simultaneously.

Events in the final selection which have low hadronic W boson or jet multiplicity (NW < 2 and Njet< 8) are

dominated by background processes and serve to con-strain some of the systematic uncertainties. The likeli-hood is maximized with respect to the variation due to the systematic uncertainties. This procedure serves to reduce some of the systematic uncertainties, those listed as ’profiled’ in Table I.

The expected background and signal contributions, as well as the observed numbers of events in the data, are shown in Fig. 4 and given in Table II for the nine bins of jet and hadronic W -boson multiplicity. No evidence for the production of b0 quarks is observed. The CLs method [28] is used to set 95% confidence level (C.L.) cross section upper limits for the pair production of fourth generation quarks, b0. The median expected up-per limit is extracted in the background-only hypothe-sis. The results are shown in Fig. 5 as a function of the b0 mass. Systematic uncertainties are taken into ac-count and it is assumed that the branching ratio (BR) for b0 → W t is 100 %. These cross section limits are

TABLE II: Expected and observed number of events in each bin of jet and hadronic W decay multiplicity. Esti-mates for two signal samples with different b0masses are also shown. The contributions from different background sources are shown in Fig. 4.

Expected Observed b0 350 b0 500 Njet NW background events GeV GeV

6 0 2060+850−750 1839 80 5 6 1 410+104−150 410 47 8 6 ≥ 2 28+10−16 32 7 2 7 0 570+320 −230 521 60 4 7 1 166+49−68 142 46 7 7 ≥ 2 17.9+6.6−6.8 21 11 3 ≥ 8 0 170+180 −70 173 56 3 ≥ 8 1 69+33−27 57 50 8 ≥ 8 ≥ 2 12.1+8.6−5.2 11 22 6

interpreted as limits on the b0 mass by finding the in-tersection of the limit curves with the theoretical cross section curve. Uncertainty in the theoretical cross sec-tion includes renormalizasec-tion and factorizasec-tion scale and PDF uncertainties calculated with Hathor [14].

Masses below 480 GeV are excluded at the 95% con-fidence level, while the expected limit is mb0 > 470

GeV. For a particle with a mass of 480 GeV, the ex-pected exclusion limit on the pair production cross sec-tion is σ < 0.54+0.45_−0.22 pb, while the observed exclusion is σ < 0.47 pb. Events 10 2 10 3 10 4 10 ATLAS -1 L dt =1.04 fb

∫

= 7 TeV) s Data ( = 300 GeV b’ m = 500 GeV b’ m Other W+Jets t t Events 10 2 10 3 10 4 10 (data-SM)/SM -1 0 1 =6 =0 =6 =1 =6 2 ≥ =7=0 =7 =1 =7 2 ≥ ≥=08 8 ≥ =1 8 ≥ 2 ≥ jets N W N (data-SM)/SM -1 0 1

FIG. 4: Distribution of the numbers of events observed in the data and expected from SM processes for jet mul-tiplicity Njets = 6, 7, ≥ 8 with hadronic W multiplicity

NW = 0, 1, ≥ 2. The expected b’ signals for two masses are

also shown, stacked on top of the backgrounds.

In conclusion, a search for pair production of heavy down-type quarks decaying via b0 → W t in the lepton

[GeV] b' m 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 [pb] 2 tW) → x BR(b' b' b' σ -1 10 1 10 Theory NNLO Observed limit Expected limit σ 1 ± σ 2 ± ATLAS -1 L dt = 1.04 fb

∫

= 7 TeV s ±l ± CDF l ±l ± CMS l CDF l+jets ±l ± ATLAS l [GeV] b' m 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 [pb] 2 tW) → x BR(b' b' b' σ -1 10 1 10 [GeV] b' m 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 [pb] 2 tW) → x BR(b' b' b' σ -1 10 1 10

FIG. 5: Expected and observed cross section exclusion upper limits at 95% C.L. for a fourth-generation b0quark. System-atic uncertainties on the expected limit are shown with shaded bands. Previously published limits from CDF [3, 4], CMS [5], and ATLAS [7] are also shown.

+ jets channel has been performed using 1.04 fb−1 of √

s = 7 TeV pp collision data recorded with the ATLAS detector, selecting events based on the number of jets and hadronic W decays. A heavy down-type quark with mass less than 480 GeV is excluded at the 95% confidence level, improving significantly on previous limits.

I. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

We thank CERN for the very successful operation of the LHC, as well as the support staff from our institutions

without whom ATLAS could not be operated efficiently.

We acknowledge the support of ANPCyT, Argentina; YerPhI, Armenia; ARC, Australia; BMWF, Austria; ANAS, Azerbaijan; SSTC, Belarus; CNPq and FAPESP, Brazil; NSERC, NRC and CFI, Canada; CERN; CONI-CYT, Chile; CAS, MOST and NSFC, China; COLCIEN-CIAS, Colombia; MSMT CR, MPO CR and VSC CR, Czech Republic; DNRF, DNSRC and Lundbeck Founda-tion, Denmark; EPLANET and ERC, European Union; IN2P3-CNRS, CEA-DSM/IRFU, France; GNAS, Geor-gia; BMBF, DFG, HGF, MPG and AvH Foundation, Germany; GSRT, Greece; ISF, MINERVA, GIF, DIP and Benoziyo Center, Israel; INFN, Italy; MEXT and JSPS, Japan; CNRST, Morocco; FOM and NWO, Netherlands; RCN, Norway; MNiSW, Poland; GRICES and FCT, Portugal; MERYS (MECTS), Romania; MES of Rus-sia and ROSATOM, RusRus-sian Federation; JINR; MSTD, Serbia; MSSR, Slovakia; ARRS and MVZT, Slovenia; DST/NRF, South Africa; MICINN, Spain; SRC and Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; SER, SNSF and Can-tons of Bern and Geneva, Switzerland; NSC, Taiwan; TAEK, Turkey; STFC, the Royal Society and Lever-hulme Trust, United Kingdom; DOE and NSF, United States of America.

The crucial computing support from all WLCG part-ners is acknowledged gratefully, in particular from CERN and the ATLAS Tier-1 facilities at TRIUMF (Canada), NDGF (Denmark, Norway, Sweden), CC-IN2P3 (France), KIT/GridKA (Germany), INFN-CNAF (Italy), NL-T1 (Netherlands), PIC (Spain), ASGC (Tai-wan), RAL (UK) and BNL (USA) and in the Tier-2 fa-cilities worldwide.

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M. Arik18a, A.J. Armbruster86, O. Arnaez80, C. Arnault114, A. Artamonov94, G. Artoni131a,131b, D. Arutinov20, S. Asai154, R. Asfandiyarov171, S. Ask27, B. ˚Asman145a,145b, L. Asquith5, K. Assamagan24, A. Astbury168, A. Astvatsatourov52_{, B. Aubert}4_{, E. Auge}114_{, K. Augsten}126_{, M. Aurousseau}144a_{, G. Avolio}162_{, R. Avramidou}9_,

D. Axen167_{, C. Ay}54_{, G. Azuelos}92,d_{, Y. Azuma}154_{, M.A. Baak}29_{, G. Baccaglioni}88a_{, C. Bacci}133a,133b_{, A.M. Bach}14_,

H. Bachacou135_{, K. Bachas}29_{, M. Backes}49_{, M. Backhaus}20_{, E. Badescu}25a_{, P. Bagnaia}131a,131b_{, S. Bahinipati}2_,

Y. Bai32a_{, D.C. Bailey}157_{, T. Bain}157_{, J.T. Baines}128_{, O.K. Baker}174_{, M.D. Baker}24_{, S. Baker}76_{, E. Banas}38_,

P. Banerjee92, Sw. Banerjee171, D. Banfi29, A. Bangert149, V. Bansal168, H.S. Bansil17, L. Barak170, S.P. Baranov93, A. Barashkou64_{, A. Barbaro Galtieri}14_{, T. Barber}48_{, E.L. Barberio}85_{, D. Barberis}50a,50b_{, M. Barbero}20_,

D.Y. Bardin64_{, T. Barillari}98_{, M. Barisonzi}173_{, T. Barklow}142_{, N. Barlow}27_{, B.M. Barnett}128_{, R.M. Barnett}14_,

A. Baroncelli133a_{, G. Barone}49_{, A.J. Barr}117_{, F. Barreiro}79_{, J. Barreiro Guimar˜aes da Costa}57_{, P. Barrillon}114_,

R. Bartoldus142_{, A.E. Barton}70_{, V. Bartsch}148_{, R.L. Bates}53_{, L. Batkova}143a_{, J.R. Batley}27_{, A. Battaglia}16_,

M. Battistin29, F. Bauer135, H.S. Bawa142,e, S. Beale97, T. Beau77, P.H. Beauchemin160, R. Beccherle50a, P. Bechtle20, H.P. Beck16, S. Becker97, M. Beckingham137, K.H. Becks173, A.J. Beddall18c, A. Beddall18c, S. Bedikian174_{, V.A. Bednyakov}64_{, C.P. Bee}82_{, M. Begel}24_{, S. Behar Harpaz}151_{, P.K. Behera}62_{, M. Beimforde}98_,

C. Belanger-Champagne84_{, P.J. Bell}49_{, W.H. Bell}49_{, G. Bella}152_{, L. Bellagamba}19a_{, F. Bellina}29_{, M. Bellomo}29_,

A. Belloni57_{, O. Beloborodova}106,f_{, K. Belotskiy}95_{, O. Beltramello}29_{, S. Ben Ami}151_{, O. Benary}152_,

D. Benchekroun134a_{, C. Benchouk}82_{, M. Bendel}80_{, N. Benekos}164_{, Y. Benhammou}152_{, E. Benhar Noccioli}49_,

J.A. Benitez Garcia158b, D.P. Benjamin44, M. Benoit114, J.R. Bensinger22, K. Benslama129, S. Bentvelsen104, D. Berge29_{, E. Bergeaas Kuutmann}41_{, N. Berger}4_{, F. Berghaus}168_{, E. Berglund}104_{, J. Beringer}14_{, P. Bernat}76_,

R. Bernhard48_{, C. Bernius}24_{, T. Berry}75_{, C. Bertella}82_{, A. Bertin}19a,19b_{, F. Bertinelli}29_{, F. Bertolucci}121a,121b_,

M.I. Besana88a,88b_{, N. Besson}135_{, S. Bethke}98_{, W. Bhimji}45_{, R.M. Bianchi}29_{, M. Bianco}71a,71b_{, O. Biebel}97_,

S.P. Bieniek76_{, K. Bierwagen}54_{, J. Biesiada}14_{, M. Biglietti}133a_{, H. Bilokon}47_{, M. Bindi}19a,19b_{, S. Binet}114_,

A. Bingul18c, C. Bini131a,131b, C. Biscarat176, U. Bitenc48, K.M. Black21, R.E. Blair5, J.-B. Blanchard135, G. Blanchot29, T. Blazek143a, C. Blocker22, J. Blocki38, A. Blondel49, W. Blum80, U. Blumenschein54,

G.J. Bobbink104_{, V.B. Bobrovnikov}106_{, S.S. Bocchetta}78_{, A. Bocci}44_{, C.R. Boddy}117_{, M. Boehler}41_{, J. Boek}173_,

N. Boelaert35_{, J.A. Bogaerts}29_{, A. Bogdanchikov}106_{, A. Bogouch}89,∗_{, C. Bohm}145a_{, V. Boisvert}75_{, T. Bold}37_,

V. Boldea25a_{, N.M. Bolnet}135_{, M. Bona}74_{, V.G. Bondarenko}95_{, M. Bondioli}162_{, M. Boonekamp}135_{, C.N. Booth}138_,

S. Bordoni77, C. Borer16, A. Borisov127, G. Borissov70, I. Borjanovic12a, M. Borri81, S. Borroni86, V. Bortolotto133a,133b, K. Bos104, D. Boscherini19a, M. Bosman11, H. Boterenbrood104, D. Botterill128, J. Bouchami92_{, J. Boudreau}122_{, E.V. Bouhova-Thacker}70_{, D. Boumediene}33_{, C. Bourdarios}114_{, N. Bousson}82_,

A. Boveia30_{, J. Boyd}29_{, I.R. Boyko}64_{, N.I. Bozhko}127_{, I. Bozovic-Jelisavcic}12b_{, J. Bracinik}17_{, A. Braem}29_,

P. Branchini133a_{, G.W. Brandenburg}57_{, A. Brandt}7_{, G. Brandt}117_{, O. Brandt}54_{, U. Bratzler}155_{, B. Brau}83_,

J.E. Brau113_{, H.M. Braun}173_{, B. Brelier}157_{, J. Bremer}29_{, R. Brenner}165_{, S. Bressler}170_{, D. Breton}114_{, D. Britton}53_,

F.M. Brochu27, I. Brock20, R. Brock87, T.J. Brodbeck70, E. Brodet152, F. Broggi88a, C. Bromberg87, J. Bronner98, G. Brooijmans34_{, W.K. Brooks}31b_{, G. Brown}81_{, H. Brown}7_{, P.A. Bruckman de Renstrom}38_{, D. Bruncko}143b_,

R. Bruneliere48_{, S. Brunet}60_{, A. Bruni}19a_{, G. Bruni}19a_{, M. Bruschi}19a_{, T. Buanes}13_{, Q. Buat}55_{, F. Bucci}49_,

J. Buchanan117_{, N.J. Buchanan}2_{, P. Buchholz}140_{, R.M. Buckingham}117_{, A.G. Buckley}45_{, S.I. Buda}25a_,

I.A. Budagov64_{, B. Budick}107_{, V. B¨uscher}80_{, L. Bugge}116_{, O. Bulekov}95_{, M. Bunse}42_{, T. Buran}116_{, H. Burckhart}29_,

S. Burdin72, T. Burgess13, S. Burke128, E. Busato33, P. Bussey53, C.P. Buszello165, F. Butin29, B. Butler142, J.M. Butler21, C.M. Buttar53, J.M. Butterworth76, W. Buttinger27, S. Cabrera Urb´an166, D. Caforio19a,19b, O. Cakir3a_{, P. Calafiura}14_{, G. Calderini}77_{, P. Calfayan}97_{, R. Calkins}105_{, L.P. Caloba}23a_{, R. Caloi}131a,131b_,

L.M. Caminada14_{, S. Campana}29_{, M. Campanelli}76_{, V. Canale}101a,101b_{, F. Canelli}30,g_{, A. Canepa}158a_{, J. Cantero}79_,

L. Capasso101a,101b_{, M.D.M. Capeans Garrido}29_{, I. Caprini}25a_{, M. Caprini}25a_{, D. Capriotti}98_{, M. Capua}36a,36b_,

R. Caputo80_{, C. Caramarcu}24_{, R. Cardarelli}132a_{, T. Carli}29_{, G. Carlino}101a_{, L. Carminati}88a,88b_{, B. Caron}84_,

S. Caron103_{, G.D. Carrillo Montoya}171_{, A.A. Carter}74_{, J.R. Carter}27_{, J. Carvalho}123a,h_{, D. Casadei}107_,

M.P. Casado11, M. Cascella121a,121b, C. Caso50a,50b,∗, A.M. Castaneda Hernandez171, E. Castaneda-Miranda171, V. Castillo Gimenez166, N.F. Castro123a, G. Cataldi71a, F. Cataneo29, A. Catinaccio29, J.R. Catmore29, A. Cattai29, G. Cattani132a,132b_{, S. Caughron}87_{, D. Cauz}163a,163c_{, P. Cavalleri}77_{, D. Cavalli}88a_{, M. Cavalli-Sforza}11_,

V. Cavasinni121a,121b_{, F. Ceradini}133a,133b_{, A.S. Cerqueira}23b_{, A. Cerri}29_{, L. Cerrito}74_{, F. Cerutti}47_{, S.A. Cetin}18b_,

F. Cevenini101a,101b_{, A. Chafaq}134a_{, D. Chakraborty}105_{, K. Chan}2_{, B. Chapleau}84_{, J.D. Chapman}27_,

J.W. Chapman86, E. Chareyre77, D.G. Charlton17, V. Chavda81, C.A. Chavez Barajas29, S. Cheatham84, S. Chekanov5, S.V. Chekulaev158a, G.A. Chelkov64, M.A. Chelstowska103, C. Chen63, H. Chen24, S. Chen32c, T. Chen32c_{, X. Chen}171_{, S. Cheng}32a_{, A. Cheplakov}64_{, V.F. Chepurnov}64_{, R. Cherkaoui El Moursli}134e_,

V. Chernyatin24_{, E. Cheu}6_{, S.L. Cheung}157_{, L. Chevalier}135_{, G. Chiefari}101a,101b_{, L. Chikovani}51a_{, J.T. Childers}29_,

A. Chilingarov70_{, G. Chiodini}71a_{, A.S. Chisholm}17_{, M.V. Chizhov}64_{, G. Choudalakis}30_{, S. Chouridou}136_,

I.A. Christidi76_{, A. Christov}48_{, D. Chromek-Burckhart}29_{, M.L. Chu}150_{, J. Chudoba}124_{, G. Ciapetti}131a,131b_,

K. Ciba37, A.K. Ciftci3a, R. Ciftci3a, D. Cinca33, V. Cindro73, M.D. Ciobotaru162, C. Ciocca19a, A. Ciocio14, M. Cirilli86, M. Citterio88a, M. Ciubancan25a, A. Clark49, P.J. Clark45, W. Cleland122, J.C. Clemens82,

B. Clement55_{, C. Clement}145a,145b_{, R.W. Clifft}128_{, Y. Coadou}82_{, M. Cobal}163a,163c_{, A. Coccaro}171_{, J. Cochran}63_,

P. Coe117_{, J.G. Cogan}142_{, J. Coggeshall}164_{, E. Cogneras}176_{, J. Colas}4_{, A.P. Colijn}104_{, N.J. Collins}17_,

C. Collins-Tooth53_{, J. Collot}55_{, G. Colon}83_{, P. Conde Mui˜no}123a_{, E. Coniavitis}117_{, M.C. Conidi}11_{, M. Consonni}103_,

V. Consorti48, S. Constantinescu25a, C. Conta118a,118b, F. Conventi101a,i, J. Cook29, M. Cooke14, B.D. Cooper76, A.M. Cooper-Sarkar117, K. Copic14, T. Cornelissen173, M. Corradi19a, F. Corriveau84,j, A. Cortes-Gonzalez164, G. Cortiana98_{, G. Costa}88a_{, M.J. Costa}166_{, D. Costanzo}138_{, T. Costin}30_{, D. Cˆot´e}29_{, R. Coura Torres}23a_,

L. Courneyea168_{, G. Cowan}75_{, C. Cowden}27_{, B.E. Cox}81_{, K. Cranmer}107_{, F. Crescioli}121a,121b_{, M. Cristinziani}20_,

G. Crosetti36a,36b_{, R. Crupi}71a,71b_{, S. Cr´ep´e-Renaudin}55_{, C.-M. Cuciuc}25a_{, C. Cuenca Almenar}174_,

T. Cuhadar Donszelmann138_{, M. Curatolo}47_{, C.J. Curtis}17_{, C. Cuthbert}149_{, P. Cwetanski}60_{, H. Czirr}140_,

P. Czodrowski43, Z. Czyczula174, S. D’Auria53, M. D’Onofrio72, A. D’Orazio131a,131b, P.V.M. Da Silva23a, C. Da Via81_{, W. Dabrowski}37_{, T. Dai}86_{, C. Dallapiccola}83_{, M. Dam}35_{, M. Dameri}50a,50b_{, D.S. Damiani}136_,

H.O. Danielsson29_{, D. Dannheim}98_{, V. Dao}49_{, G. Darbo}50a_{, G.L. Darlea}25b_{, W. Davey}20_{, T. Davidek}125_,

N. Davidson85_{, R. Davidson}70_{, E. Davies}117,c_{, M. Davies}92_{, A.R. Davison}76_{, Y. Davygora}58a_{, E. Dawe}141_,

I. Dawson138_{, J.W. Dawson}5,∗_{, R.K. Daya-Ishmukhametova}22_{, K. De}7_{, R. de Asmundis}101a_{, S. De Castro}19a,19b_,

P.E. De Castro Faria Salgado24, S. De Cecco77, J. de Graat97, N. De Groot103, P. de Jong104, C. De La Taille114, H. De la Torre79, B. De Lotto163a,163c, L. de Mora70, L. De Nooij104, D. De Pedis131a, A. De Salvo131a,

U. De Sanctis163a,163c_{, A. De Santo}148_{, J.B. De Vivie De Regie}114_{, S. Dean}76_{, W.J. Dearnaley}70_{, R. Debbe}24_,

C. Debenedetti45_{, D.V. Dedovich}64_{, J. Degenhardt}119_{, M. Dehchar}117_{, C. Del Papa}163a,163c_{, J. Del Peso}79_,

T. Del Prete121a,121b_{, T. Delemontex}55_{, M. Deliyergiyev}73_{, A. Dell’Acqua}29_{, L. Dell’Asta}21_{, M. Della Pietra}101a,i_,

D. della Volpe101a,101b, M. Delmastro4, N. Delruelle29, P.A. Delsart55, C. Deluca147, S. Demers174, M. Demichev64, B. Demirkoz11,k, J. Deng162, S.P. Denisov127, D. Derendarz38, J.E. Derkaoui134d, F. Derue77, P. Dervan72,

K. Desch20_{, E. Devetak}147_{, P.O. Deviveiros}104_{, A. Dewhurst}128_{, B. DeWilde}147_{, S. Dhaliwal}157_{, R. Dhullipudi}24,l_,

A. Di Ciaccio132a,132b_{, L. Di Ciaccio}4_{, A. Di Girolamo}29_{, B. Di Girolamo}29_{, S. Di Luise}133a,133b_{, A. Di Mattia}171_,

B. Di Micco29_{, R. Di Nardo}47_{, A. Di Simone}132a,132b_{, R. Di Sipio}19a,19b_{, M.A. Diaz}31a_{, F. Diblen}18c_{, E.B. Diehl}86_,

J. Dietrich41_{, T.A. Dietzsch}58a_{, S. Diglio}85_{, K. Dindar Yagci}39_{, J. Dingfelder}20_{, C. Dionisi}131a,131b_{, P. Dita}25a_,

S. Dita25a, F. Dittus29, F. Djama82, T. Djobava51b, M.A.B. do Vale23c, A. Do Valle Wemans123a, T.K.O. Doan4, M. Dobbs84_{, R. Dobinson}29,∗_{, D. Dobos}29_{, E. Dobson}29,m_{, J. Dodd}34_{, C. Doglioni}49_{, T. Doherty}53_{, Y. Doi}65,∗_,

J. Dolejsi125_{, I. Dolenc}73_{, Z. Dolezal}125_{, B.A. Dolgoshein}95,∗_{, T. Dohmae}154_{, M. Donadelli}23d_{, M. Donega}119_,

J. Donini33_{, J. Dopke}29_{, A. Doria}101a_{, A. Dos Anjos}171_{, M. Dosil}11_{, A. Dotti}121a,121b_{, M.T. Dova}69_{, J.D. Dowell}17_,

A.D. Doxiadis104_{, A.T. Doyle}53_{, Z. Drasal}125_{, J. Drees}173_{, N. Dressnandt}119_{, H. Drevermann}29_{, C. Driouichi}35_,

M. Dris9, J. Dubbert98, S. Dube14, E. Duchovni170, G. Duckeck97, A. Dudarev29, F. Dudziak63, M. D¨uhrssen29, I.P. Duerdoth81, L. Duflot114, M-A. Dufour84, M. Dunford29, H. Duran Yildiz3a, R. Duxfield138, M. Dwuznik37, F. Dydak29_{, M. D¨uren}52_{, W.L. Ebenstein}44_{, J. Ebke}97_{, S. Eckweiler}80_{, K. Edmonds}80_{, C.A. Edwards}75_,

N.C. Edwards53_{, W. Ehrenfeld}41_{, T. Ehrich}98_{, T. Eifert}142_{, G. Eigen}13_{, K. Einsweiler}14_{, E. Eisenhandler}74_,

T. Ekelof165_{, M. El Kacimi}134c_{, M. Ellert}165_{, S. Elles}4_{, F. Ellinghaus}80_{, K. Ellis}74_{, N. Ellis}29_{, J. Elmsheuser}97_,

M. Elsing29_{, D. Emeliyanov}128_{, R. Engelmann}147_{, A. Engl}97_{, B. Epp}61_{, A. Eppig}86_{, J. Erdmann}54_{, A. Ereditato}16_,

D. Eriksson145a, J. Ernst1, M. Ernst24, J. Ernwein135, D. Errede164, S. Errede164, E. Ertel80, M. Escalier114, C. Escobar122_{, X. Espinal Curull}11_{, B. Esposito}47_{, F. Etienne}82_{, A.I. Etienvre}135_{, E. Etzion}152_{, D. Evangelakou}54_,

H. Evans60_{, L. Fabbri}19a,19b_{, C. Fabre}29_{, R.M. Fakhrutdinov}127_{, S. Falciano}131a_{, Y. Fang}171_{, M. Fanti}88a,88b_,

A. Farbin7_{, A. Farilla}133a_{, J. Farley}147_{, T. Farooque}157_{, S.M. Farrington}117_{, P. Farthouat}29_{, P. Fassnacht}29_,

P. Federic143a_{, O.L. Fedin}120_{, W. Fedorko}87_{, M. Fehling-Kaschek}48_{, L. Feligioni}82_{, D. Fellmann}5_{, C. Feng}32d_,

E.J. Feng30_{, A.B. Fenyuk}127_{, J. Ferencei}143b_{, J. Ferland}92_{, W. Fernando}108_{, S. Ferrag}53_{, J. Ferrando}53_{, V. Ferrara}41_,

A. Ferrari165_{, P. Ferrari}104_{, R. Ferrari}118a_{, A. Ferrer}166_{, M.L. Ferrer}47_{, D. Ferrere}49_{, C. Ferretti}86_,

A. Ferretto Parodi50a,50b_{, M. Fiascaris}30_{, F. Fiedler}80_{, A. Filipˇciˇc}73_{, A. Filippas}9_{, F. Filthaut}103_,

M. Fincke-Keeler168, M.C.N. Fiolhais123a,h, L. Fiorini166, A. Firan39, G. Fischer41, P. Fischer20, M.J. Fisher108, M. Flechl48, I. Fleck140, J. Fleckner80, P. Fleischmann172, S. Fleischmann173, T. Flick173, A. Floderus78,

L.R. Flores Castillo171_{, M.J. Flowerdew}98_{, M. Fokitis}9_{, T. Fonseca Martin}16_{, D.A. Forbush}137_{, A. Formica}135_,

A. Forti81_{, D. Fortin}158a_{, J.M. Foster}81_{, D. Fournier}114_{, A. Foussat}29_{, A.J. Fowler}44_{, K. Fowler}136_{, H. Fox}70_,

P. Francavilla11_{, S. Franchino}118a,118b_{, D. Francis}29_{, T. Frank}170_{, M. Franklin}57_{, S. Franz}29_{, M. Fraternali}118a,118b_,

S. Fratina119, S.T. French27, F. Friedrich43, R. Froeschl29, D. Froidevaux29, J.A. Frost27, C. Fukunaga155, E. Fullana Torregrosa29, J. Fuster166, C. Gabaldon29, O. Gabizon170, T. Gadfort24, S. Gadomski49,

G. Gagliardi50a,50b_{, P. Gagnon}60_{, C. Galea}97_{, E.J. Gallas}117_{, V. Gallo}16_{, B.J. Gallop}128_{, P. Gallus}124_{, K.K. Gan}108_,

Y.S. Gao142,e_{, V.A. Gapienko}127_{, A. Gaponenko}14_{, F. Garberson}174_{, M. Garcia-Sciveres}14_{, C. Garc´ıa}166_{, J.E. Garc´ıa}

Navarro166_{, R.W. Gardner}30_{, N. Garelli}29_{, H. Garitaonandia}104_{, V. Garonne}29_{, J. Garvey}17_{, C. Gatti}47_,

G. Gaudio118a_{, B. Gaur}140_{, L. Gauthier}135_{, I.L. Gavrilenko}93_{, C. Gay}167_{, G. Gaycken}20_{, J-C. Gayde}29_{, E.N. Gazis}9_,

P. Ge32d, C.N.P. Gee128, D.A.A. Geerts104, Ch. Geich-Gimbel20, K. Gellerstedt145a,145b, C. Gemme50a, A. Gemmell53, M.H. Genest55, S. Gentile131a,131b, M. George54, S. George75, P. Gerlach173, A. Gershon152, C. Geweniger58a_{, H. Ghazlane}134b_{, N. Ghodbane}33_{, B. Giacobbe}19a_{, S. Giagu}131a,131b_{, V. Giakoumopoulou}8_,

V. Giangiobbe11_{, F. Gianotti}29_{, B. Gibbard}24_{, A. Gibson}157_{, S.M. Gibson}29_{, L.M. Gilbert}117_{, V. Gilewsky}90_,

D. Gillberg28_{, A.R. Gillman}128_{, D.M. Gingrich}2,d_{, J. Ginzburg}152_{, N. Giokaris}8_{, M.P. Giordani}163c_,

R. Giordano101a,101b, F.M. Giorgi15, P. Giovannini98, P.F. Giraud135, D. Giugni88a, M. Giunta92, P. Giusti19a, B.K. Gjelsten116, L.K. Gladilin96, C. Glasman79, J. Glatzer48, A. Glazov41, K.W. Glitza173, G.L. Glonti64, J.R. Goddard74_{, J. Godfrey}141_{, J. Godlewski}29_{, M. Goebel}41_{, T. G¨opfert}43_{, C. Goeringer}80_{, C. G¨ossling}42_,

T. G¨ottfert98_{, S. Goldfarb}86_{, T. Golling}174_{, A. Gomes}123a,b_{, L.S. Gomez Fajardo}41_{, R. Gon¸calo}75_,

J. Goncalves Pinto Firmino Da Costa41_{, L. Gonella}20_{, A. Gonidec}29_{, S. Gonzalez}171_{, S. Gonz´alez de la Hoz}166_,

G. Gonzalez Parra11_{, M.L. Gonzalez Silva}26_{, S. Gonzalez-Sevilla}49_{, J.J. Goodson}147_{, L. Goossens}29_,

P.A. Gorbounov94, H.A. Gordon24, I. Gorelov102, G. Gorfine173, B. Gorini29, E. Gorini71a,71b, A. Goriˇsek73, E. Gornicki38_{, S.A. Gorokhov}127_{, V.N. Goryachev}127_{, B. Gosdzik}41_{, M. Gosselink}104_{, M.I. Gostkin}64_,

I. Gough Eschrich162_{, M. Gouighri}134a_{, D. Goujdami}134c_{, M.P. Goulette}49_{, A.G. Goussiou}137_{, C. Goy}4_,

S. Gozpinar22_{, I. Grabowska-Bold}37_{, P. Grafstr¨om}29_{, K-J. Grahn}41_{, F. Grancagnolo}71a_{, S. Grancagnolo}15_,

V. Grassi147_{, V. Gratchev}120_{, N. Grau}34_{, H.M. Gray}29_{, J.A. Gray}147_{, E. Graziani}133a_{, O.G. Grebenyuk}120_,

T. Greenshaw72, Z.D. Greenwood24,l, K. Gregersen35, I.M. Gregor41, P. Grenier142, J. Griffiths137,

N. Grigalashvili64, A.A. Grillo136, S. Grinstein11, Y.V. Grishkevich96, J.-F. Grivaz114, M. Groh98, E. Gross170, J. Grosse-Knetter54_{, J. Groth-Jensen}170_{, K. Grybel}140_{, V.J. Guarino}5_{, D. Guest}174_{, C. Guicheney}33_,

A. Guida71a,71b_{, S. Guindon}54_{, H. Guler}84,n_{, J. Gunther}124_{, B. Guo}157_{, J. Guo}34_{, A. Gupta}30_{, Y. Gusakov}64_,

V.N. Gushchin127_{, P. Gutierrez}110_{, N. Guttman}152_{, O. Gutzwiller}171_{, C. Guyot}135_{, C. Gwenlan}117_{, C.B. Gwilliam}72_,

A. Haas142, S. Haas29, C. Haber14, H.K. Hadavand39, D.R. Hadley17, P. Haefner98, F. Hahn29, S. Haider29, Z. Hajduk38, H. Hakobyan175, D. Hall117, J. Haller54, K. Hamacher173, P. Hamal112, M. Hamer54,

A. Hamilton144b,o_{, S. Hamilton}160_{, H. Han}32a_{, L. Han}32b_{, K. Hanagaki}115_{, K. Hanawa}159_{, M. Hance}14_{, C. Handel}80_,

P. Hanke58a_{, J.R. Hansen}35_{, J.B. Hansen}35_{, J.D. Hansen}35_{, P.H. Hansen}35_{, P. Hansson}142_{, K. Hara}159_{, G.A. Hare}136_,

T. Harenberg173_{, S. Harkusha}89_{, D. Harper}86_{, R.D. Harrington}45_{, O.M. Harris}137_{, K. Harrison}17_{, J. Hartert}48_,

F. Hartjes104_{, T. Haruyama}65_{, A. Harvey}56_{, S. Hasegawa}100_{, Y. Hasegawa}139_{, S. Hassani}135_{, M. Hatch}29_{, D. Hauff}98_,

S. Haug16, M. Hauschild29, R. Hauser87, M. Havranek20, B.M. Hawes117, C.M. Hawkes17, R.J. Hawkings29, A.D. Hawkins78_{, D. Hawkins}162_{, T. Hayakawa}66_{, T. Hayashi}159_{, D. Hayden}75_{, H.S. Hayward}72_{, S.J. Haywood}128_,

E. Hazen21_{, M. He}32d_{, S.J. Head}17_{, V. Hedberg}78_{, L. Heelan}7_{, S. Heim}87_{, B. Heinemann}14_{, S. Heisterkamp}35_,

L. Helary4_{, C. Heller}97_{, M. Heller}29_{, S. Hellman}145a,145b_{, D. Hellmich}20_{, C. Helsens}11_{, R.C.W. Henderson}70_,

M. Henke58a_{, A. Henrichs}54_{, A.M. Henriques Correia}29_{, S. Henrot-Versille}114_{, F. Henry-Couannier}82_{, C. Hensel}54_,

T. Henß173, C.M. Hernandez7, Y. Hern´andez Jim´enez166, R. Herrberg15, A.D. Hershenhorn151, G. Herten48, R. Hertenberger97, L. Hervas29, G.G. Hesketh76, N.P. Hessey104, E. Hig´on-Rodriguez166, D. Hill5,∗, J.C. Hill27, N. Hill5_{, K.H. Hiller}41_{, S. Hillert}20_{, S.J. Hillier}17_{, I. Hinchliffe}14_{, E. Hines}119_{, M. Hirose}115_{, F. Hirsch}42_,

D. Hirschbuehl173_{, J. Hobbs}147_{, N. Hod}152_{, M.C. Hodgkinson}138_{, P. Hodgson}138_{, A. Hoecker}29_{, M.R. Hoeferkamp}102_,

J. Hoffman39_{, D. Hoffmann}82_{, M. Hohlfeld}80_{, M. Holder}140_{, S.O. Holmgren}145a_{, T. Holy}126_{, J.L. Holzbauer}87_,

Y. Homma66_{, T.M. Hong}119_{, L. Hooft van Huysduynen}107_{, T. Horazdovsky}126_{, C. Horn}142_{, S. Horner}48_,

J-Y. Hostachy55, S. Hou150, M.A. Houlden72, A. Hoummada134a, J. Howarth81, D.F. Howell117, I. Hristova15, J. Hrivnac114_{, I. Hruska}124_{, T. Hryn’ova}4_{, P.J. Hsu}80_{, S.-C. Hsu}14_{, G.S. Huang}110_{, Z. Hubacek}126_{, F. Hubaut}82_,

F. Huegging20_{, A. Huettmann}41_{, T.B. Huffman}117_{, E.W. Hughes}34_{, G. Hughes}70_{, R.E. Hughes-Jones}81_,

M. Huhtinen29_{, P. Hurst}57_{, M. Hurwitz}14_{, U. Husemann}41_{, N. Huseynov}64,p_{, J. Huston}87_{, J. Huth}57_{, G. Iacobucci}49_,

O. Igonkina104_{, Y. Ikegami}65_{, M. Ikeno}65_{, Y. Ilchenko}39_{, D. Iliadis}153_{, N. Ilic}157_{, M. Imori}154_{, T. Ince}20_,

J. Inigo-Golfin29_{, P. Ioannou}8_{, M. Iodice}133a_{, V. Ippolito}131a,131b_{, A. Irles Quiles}166_{, C. Isaksson}165_{, A. Ishikawa}66_,

M. Ishino67_{, R. Ishmukhametov}39_{, C. Issever}117_{, S. Istin}18a_{, A.V. Ivashin}127_{, W. Iwanski}38_{, H. Iwasaki}65_,

J.M. Izen40_{, V. Izzo}101a_{, B. Jackson}119_{, J.N. Jackson}72_{, P. Jackson}142_{, M.R. Jaekel}29_{, V. Jain}60_{, K. Jakobs}48_,

S. Jakobsen35, J. Jakubek126, D.K. Jana110, E. Jankowski157, E. Jansen76, H. Jansen29, A. Jantsch98, M. Janus20, G. Jarlskog78, L. Jeanty57, K. Jelen37, I. Jen-La Plante30, P. Jenni29, A. Jeremie4, P. Jeˇz35, S. J´ez´equel4,

M.K. Jha19a_{, H. Ji}171_{, W. Ji}80_{, J. Jia}147_{, Y. Jiang}32b_{, M. Jimenez Belenguer}41_{, G. Jin}32b_{, S. Jin}32a_{, O. Jinnouchi}156_,

M.D. Joergensen35_{, D. Joffe}39_{, L.G. Johansen}13_{, M. Johansen}145a,145b_{, K.E. Johansson}145a_{, P. Johansson}138_,

S. Johnert41_{, K.A. Johns}6_{, K. Jon-And}145a,145b_{, G. Jones}117_{, R.W.L. Jones}70_{, T.W. Jones}76_{, T.J. Jones}72_,

O. Jonsson29, C. Joram29, P.M. Jorge123a, J. Joseph14, J. Jovicevic146, T. Jovin12b, X. Ju171, C.A. Jung42, R.M. Jungst29, V. Juranek124, P. Jussel61, A. Juste Rozas11, V.V. Kabachenko127, S. Kabana16, M. Kaci166, A. Kaczmarska38_{, P. Kadlecik}35_{, M. Kado}114_{, H. Kagan}108_{, M. Kagan}57_{, S. Kaiser}98_{, E. Kajomovitz}151_,

S. Kalinin173_{, L.V. Kalinovskaya}64_{, S. Kama}39_{, N. Kanaya}154_{, M. Kaneda}29_{, S. Kaneti}27_{, T. Kanno}156_,

V.A. Kantserov95_{, J. Kanzaki}65_{, B. Kaplan}174_{, A. Kapliy}30_{, J. Kaplon}29_{, D. Kar}43_{, M. Karagounis}20_,

M. Karagoz117_{, M. Karnevskiy}41_{, K. Karr}5_{, V. Kartvelishvili}70_{, A.N. Karyukhin}127_{, L. Kashif}171_{, G. Kasieczka}58b_,

R.D. Kass108, A. Kastanas13, M. Kataoka4, Y. Kataoka154, E. Katsoufis9, J. Katzy41, V. Kaushik6, K. Kawagoe66, T. Kawamoto154, G. Kawamura80, M.S. Kayl104, V.A. Kazanin106, M.Y. Kazarinov64, R. Keeler168, R. Kehoe39, M. Keil54_{, G.D. Kekelidze}64_{, J. Kennedy}97_{, C.J. Kenney}142_{, M. Kenyon}53_{, O. Kepka}124_{, N. Kerschen}29_,

B.P. Kerˇsevan73_{, S. Kersten}173_{, K. Kessoku}154_{, J. Keung}157_{, F. Khalil-zada}10_{, H. Khandanyan}164_{, A. Khanov}111_,

D. Kharchenko64_{, A. Khodinov}95_{, A.G. Kholodenko}127_{, A. Khomich}58a_{, T.J. Khoo}27_{, G. Khoriauli}20_,

A. Khoroshilov173, N. Khovanskiy64, V. Khovanskiy94, E. Khramov64, J. Khubua51b, H. Kim145a,145b, M.S. Kim2, S.H. Kim159, N. Kimura169, O. Kind15, B.T. King72, M. King66, R.S.B. King117, J. Kirk128, L.E. Kirsch22, A.E. Kiryunin98_{, T. Kishimoto}66_{, D. Kisielewska}37_{, T. Kittelmann}122_{, A.M. Kiver}127_{, E. Kladiva}143b_,

J. Klaiber-Lodewigs42_{, M. Klein}72_{, U. Klein}72_{, K. Kleinknecht}80_{, M. Klemetti}84_{, A. Klier}170_{, P. Klimek}145a,145b_,

A. Klimentov24_{, R. Klingenberg}42_{, J.A. Klinger}81_{, E.B. Klinkby}35_{, T. Klioutchnikova}29_{, P.F. Klok}103_{, S. Klous}104_,

E.-E. Kluge58a_{, T. Kluge}72_{, P. Kluit}104_{, S. Kluth}98_{, N.S. Knecht}157_{, E. Kneringer}61_{, J. Knobloch}29_,

E.B.F.G. Knoops82, A. Knue54, B.R. Ko44, T. Kobayashi154, M. Kobel43, M. Kocian142, P. Kodys125, K. K¨oneke29, A.C. K¨onig103_{, S. Koenig}80_{, L. K¨opke}80_{, F. Koetsveld}103_{, P. Koevesarki}20_{, T. Koffas}28_{, E. Koffeman}104_,

L.A. Kogan117_{, F. Kohn}54_{, Z. Kohout}126_{, T. Kohriki}65_{, T. Koi}142_{, T. Kokott}20_{, G.M. Kolachev}106_{, H. Kolanoski}15_,

V. Kolesnikov64_{, I. Koletsou}88a_{, J. Koll}87_{, M. Kollefrath}48_{, S.D. Kolya}81_{, A.A. Komar}93_{, Y. Komori}154_{, T. Kondo}65_,

T. Kono41,q_{, A.I. Kononov}48_{, R. Konoplich}107,r_{, N. Konstantinidis}76_{, A. Kootz}173_{, S. Koperny}37_{, K. Korcyl}38_,

K. Kordas153, V. Koreshev127, A. Korn117, A. Korol106, I. Korolkov11, E.V. Korolkova138, V.A. Korotkov127, O. Kortner98, S. Kortner98, V.V. Kostyukhin20, M.J. Kotam¨aki29, S. Kotov98, V.M. Kotov64, A. Kotwal44, C. Kourkoumelis8_{, V. Kouskoura}153_{, A. Koutsman}158a_{, R. Kowalewski}168_{, T.Z. Kowalski}37_{, W. Kozanecki}135_,

A.S. Kozhin127_{, V. Kral}126_{, V.A. Kramarenko}96_{, G. Kramberger}73_{, M.W. Krasny}77_{, A. Krasznahorkay}107_,

J. Kraus87_{, J.K. Kraus}20_{, A. Kreisel}152_{, F. Krejci}126_{, J. Kretzschmar}72_{, N. Krieger}54_{, P. Krieger}157_,

K. Kroeninger54, H. Kroha98, J. Kroll119, J. Kroseberg20, J. Krstic12a, U. Kruchonak64, H. Kr¨uger20, T. Kruker16, N. Krumnack63, Z.V. Krumshteyn64, A. Kruth20, T. Kubota85, S. Kuday3a, S. Kuehn48, A. Kugel58c, T. Kuhl41, D. Kuhn61_{, V. Kukhtin}64_{, Y. Kulchitsky}89_{, S. Kuleshov}31b_{, C. Kummer}97_{, M. Kuna}77_{, N. Kundu}117_{, J. Kunkle}119_,

A. Kupco124_{, H. Kurashige}66_{, M. Kurata}159_{, Y.A. Kurochkin}89_{, V. Kus}124_{, E.S. Kuwertz}146_{, M. Kuze}156_,

J. Kvita141_{, R. Kwee}15_{, A. La Rosa}49_{, L. La Rotonda}36a,36b_{, L. Labarga}79_{, J. Labbe}4_{, S. Lablak}134a_{, C. Lacasta}166_,

F. Lacava131a,131b_{, H. Lacker}15_{, D. Lacour}77_{, V.R. Lacuesta}166_{, E. Ladygin}64_{, R. Lafaye}4_{, B. Laforge}77_,

T. Lagouri79, S. Lai48, E. Laisne55, M. Lamanna29, C.L. Lampen6, W. Lampl6, E. Lancon135, U. Landgraf48, M.P.J. Landon74_{, J.L. Lane}81_{, C. Lange}41_{, A.J. Lankford}162_{, F. Lanni}24_{, K. Lantzsch}173_{, S. Laplace}77_{, C. Lapoire}20_,

J.F. Laporte135_{, T. Lari}88a_{, A.V. Larionov}127_{, A. Larner}117_{, C. Lasseur}29_{, M. Lassnig}29_{, P. Laurelli}47_,

V. Lavorini36a,36b_{, W. Lavrijsen}14_{, P. Laycock}72_{, A.B. Lazarev}64_{, O. Le Dortz}77_{, E. Le Guirriec}82_{, C. Le Maner}157_,

E. Le Menedeu9_{, C. Lebel}92_{, T. LeCompte}5_{, F. Ledroit-Guillon}55_{, H. Lee}104_{, J.S.H. Lee}115_{, S.C. Lee}150_{, L. Lee}174_,

M. Lefebvre168, M. Legendre135, A. Leger49, B.C. LeGeyt119, F. Legger97, C. Leggett14, M. Lehmacher20, G. Lehmann Miotto29, X. Lei6, M.A.L. Leite23d, R. Leitner125, D. Lellouch170, M. Leltchouk34, B. Lemmer54, V. Lendermann58a_{, K.J.C. Leney}144b_{, T. Lenz}104_{, G. Lenzen}173_{, B. Lenzi}29_{, K. Leonhardt}43_{, S. Leontsinis}9_,

C. Leroy92_{, J-R. Lessard}168_{, J. Lesser}145a_{, C.G. Lester}27_{, A. Leung Fook Cheong}171_{, J. Levˆeque}4_{, D. Levin}86_,

L.J. Levinson170_{, M.S. Levitski}127_{, A. Lewis}117_{, G.H. Lewis}107_{, A.M. Leyko}20_{, M. Leyton}15_{, B. Li}82_{, H. Li}171,s_,

S. Li32b,t_{, X. Li}86_{, Z. Liang}117,u_{, H. Liao}33_{, B. Liberti}132a_{, P. Lichard}29_{, M. Lichtnecker}97_{, K. Lie}164_{, W. Liebig}13_,

R. Lifshitz151, C. Limbach20, A. Limosani85, M. Limper62, S.C. Lin150,v, F. Linde104, J.T. Linnemann87, E. Lipeles119_{, L. Lipinsky}124_{, A. Lipniacka}13_{, T.M. Liss}164_{, D. Lissauer}24_{, A. Lister}49_{, A.M. Litke}136_{, C. Liu}28_,

D. Liu150_{, H. Liu}86_{, J.B. Liu}86_{, M. Liu}32b_{, Y. Liu}32b_{, M. Livan}118a,118b_{, S.S.A. Livermore}117_{, A. Lleres}55_,

J. Llorente Merino79_{, S.L. Lloyd}74_{, E. Lobodzinska}41_{, P. Loch}6_{, W.S. Lockman}136_{, T. Loddenkoetter}20_,

V.P. Lombardo4_{, R.E. Long}70_{, L. Lopes}123a_{, D. Lopez Mateos}57_{, J. Lorenz}97_{, N. Lorenzo Martinez}114_{, M. Losada}161_,

P. Loscutoff14_{, F. Lo Sterzo}131a,131b_{, M.J. Losty}158a_{, X. Lou}40_{, A. Lounis}114_{, K.F. Loureiro}161_{, J. Love}21_,

P.A. Love70_{, A.J. Lowe}142,e_{, F. Lu}32a_{, H.J. Lubatti}137_{, C. Luci}131a,131b_{, A. Lucotte}55_{, A. Ludwig}43_{, D. Ludwig}41_,

I. Ludwig48_{, J. Ludwig}48_{, F. Luehring}60_{, G. Luijckx}104_{, D. Lumb}48_{, L. Luminari}131a_{, E. Lund}116_,

B. Lund-Jensen146, B. Lundberg78, J. Lundberg145a,145b, J. Lundquist35, M. Lungwitz80, G. Lutz98, D. Lynn24, J. Lys14, E. Lytken78, H. Ma24, L.L. Ma171, J.A. Macana Goia92, G. Maccarrone47, A. Macchiolo98, B. Maˇcek73, J. Machado Miguens123a_{, R. Mackeprang}35_{, R.J. Madaras}14_{, W.F. Mader}43_{, R. Maenner}58c_{, T. Maeno}24_,

P. M¨attig173_{, S. M¨attig}41_{, L. Magnoni}29_{, E. Magradze}54_{, Y. Mahalalel}152_{, K. Mahboubi}48_{, G. Mahout}17_,

C. Maiani131a,131b_{, C. Maidantchik}23a_{, A. Maio}123a,b_{, S. Majewski}24_{, Y. Makida}65_{, N. Makovec}114_{, P. Mal}135_,

B. Malaescu29, Pa. Malecki38, P. Malecki38, V.P. Maleev120, F. Malek55, U. Mallik62, D. Malon5, C. Malone142, S. Maltezos9, V. Malyshev106, S. Malyukov29, R. Mameghani97, J. Mamuzic12b, A. Manabe65, L. Mandelli88a, I. Mandi´c73_{, R. Mandrysch}15_{, J. Maneira}123a_{, P.S. Mangeard}87_{, L. Manhaes de Andrade Filho}23a_{, I.D. Manjavidze}64_,

A. Mann54_{, P.M. Manning}136_{, A. Manousakis-Katsikakis}8_{, B. Mansoulie}135_{, A. Manz}98_{, A. Mapelli}29_{, L. Mapelli}29_,

L. March79_{, J.F. Marchand}28_{, F. Marchese}132a,132b_{, G. Marchiori}77_{, M. Marcisovsky}124_{, A. Marin}21,∗_,

C.P. Marino168_{, F. Marroquim}23a_{, R. Marshall}81_{, Z. Marshall}29_{, F.K. Martens}157_{, S. Marti-Garcia}166_,

A.J. Martin174, B. Martin29, B. Martin87, F.F. Martin119, J.P. Martin92, Ph. Martin55, T.A. Martin17, V.J. Martin45, B. Martin dit Latour49, S. Martin-Haugh148, M. Martinez11, V. Martinez Outschoorn57,

A.C. Martyniuk168_{, M. Marx}81_{, F. Marzano}131a_{, A. Marzin}110_{, L. Masetti}80_{, T. Mashimo}154_{, R. Mashinistov}93_,

J. Masik81_{, A.L. Maslennikov}106_{, I. Massa}19a,19b_{, G. Massaro}104_{, N. Massol}4_{, P. Mastrandrea}131a,131b_,

A. Mastroberardino36a,36b_{, T. Masubuchi}154_{, M. Mathes}20_{, P. Matricon}114_{, H. Matsumoto}154_{, H. Matsunaga}154_,

T. Matsushita66, C. Mattravers117,c, J.M. Maugain29, J. Maurer82, S.J. Maxfield72, D.A. Maximov106,f, E.N. May5, A. Mayne138, R. Mazini150, M. Mazur20, M. Mazzanti88a, E. Mazzoni121a,121b, S.P. Mc Kee86, A. McCarn164, R.L. McCarthy147_{, T.G. McCarthy}28_{, N.A. McCubbin}128_{, K.W. McFarlane}56_{, J.A. Mcfayden}138_{, H. McGlone}53_,

G. Mchedlidze51b_{, R.A. McLaren}29_{, T. Mclaughlan}17_{, S.J. McMahon}128_{, R.A. McPherson}168,j_{, A. Meade}83_,

J. Mechnich104_{, M. Mechtel}173_{, M. Medinnis}41_{, R. Meera-Lebbai}110_{, T. Meguro}115_{, R. Mehdiyev}92_{, S. Mehlhase}35_,

A. Mehta72_{, K. Meier}58a_{, B. Meirose}78_{, C. Melachrinos}30_{, B.R. Mellado Garcia}171_{, L. Mendoza Navas}161_,

Z. Meng150,s, A. Mengarelli19a,19b, S. Menke98, C. Menot29, E. Meoni11, K.M. Mercurio57, P. Mermod49, L. Merola101a,101b_{, C. Meroni}88a_{, F.S. Merritt}30_{, H. Merritt}108_{, A. Messina}29_{, J. Metcalfe}102_{, A.S. Mete}63_,

C. Meyer80_{, C. Meyer}30_{, J-P. Meyer}135_{, J. Meyer}172_{, J. Meyer}54_{, T.C. Meyer}29_{, W.T. Meyer}63_{, J. Miao}32d_,

S. Michal29_{, L. Micu}25a_{, R.P. Middleton}128_{, S. Migas}72_{, L. Mijovi´c}41_{, G. Mikenberg}170_{, M. Mikestikova}124_,

M. Mikuˇz73_{, D.W. Miller}30_{, R.J. Miller}87_{, W.J. Mills}167_{, C. Mills}57_{, A. Milov}170_{, D.A. Milstead}145a,145b_,

D. Milstein170, A.A. Minaenko127, M. Mi˜nano Moya166, I.A. Minashvili64, A.I. Mincer107, B. Mindur37, M. Mineev64, Y. Ming171, L.M. Mir11, G. Mirabelli131a, L. Miralles Verge11, A. Misiejuk75, J. Mitrevski136, G.Y. Mitrofanov127_{, V.A. Mitsou}166_{, S. Mitsui}65_{, P.S. Miyagawa}138_{, K. Miyazaki}66_{, J.U. Mj¨ornmark}78_,

T. Moa145a,145b_{, P. Mockett}137_{, S. Moed}57_{, V. Moeller}27_{, K. M¨onig}41_{, N. M¨oser}20_{, S. Mohapatra}147_{, W. Mohr}48_,

S. Mohrdieck-M¨ock98_{, A.M. Moisseev}127,∗_{, R. Moles-Valls}166_{, J. Molina-Perez}29_{, J. Monk}76_{, E. Monnier}82_,

S. Montesano88a,88b, F. Monticelli69, S. Monzani19a,19b, R.W. Moore2, G.F. Moorhead85, C. Mora Herrera49, A. Moraes53, N. Morange135, J. Morel54, G. Morello36a,36b, D. Moreno80, M. Moreno Ll´acer166, P. Morettini50a, M. Morgenstern43_{, M. Morii}57_{, J. Morin}74_{, A.K. Morley}29_{, G. Mornacchi}29_{, S.V. Morozov}95_{, J.D. Morris}74_,

L. Morvaj100_{, H.G. Moser}98_{, M. Mosidze}51b_{, J. Moss}108_{, R. Mount}142_{, E. Mountricha}9,w_{, S.V. Mouraviev}93_,

E.J.W. Moyse83_{, M. Mudrinic}12b_{, F. Mueller}58a_{, J. Mueller}122_{, K. Mueller}20_{, T.A. M¨uller}97_{, T. Mueller}80_,

D. Muenstermann29_{, A. Muir}167_{, Y. Munwes}152_{, W.J. Murray}128_{, I. Mussche}104_{, E. Musto}101a,101b_,

A.G. Myagkov127, M. Myska124, J. Nadal11, K. Nagai159, K. Nagano65, A. Nagarkar108, Y. Nagasaka59, M. Nagel98, A.M. Nairz29_{, Y. Nakahama}29_{, K. Nakamura}154_{, T. Nakamura}154_{, I. Nakano}109_{, G. Nanava}20_{, A. Napier}160_,

R. Narayan58b_{, M. Nash}76,c_{, N.R. Nation}21_{, T. Nattermann}20_{, T. Naumann}41_{, G. Navarro}161_{, H.A. Neal}86_,

E. Nebot79_{, P.Yu. Nechaeva}93_{, T.J. Neep}81_{, A. Negri}118a,118b_{, G. Negri}29_{, S. Nektarijevic}49_{, A. Nelson}162_,

S. Nelson142_{, T.K. Nelson}142_{, S. Nemecek}124_{, P. Nemethy}107_{, A.A. Nepomuceno}23a_{, M. Nessi}29,x_{, M.S. Neubauer}164_,

A. Neusiedl80, R.M. Neves107, P. Nevski24, P.R. Newman17, V. Nguyen Thi Hong135, R.B. Nickerson117,

R. Nicolaidou135, L. Nicolas138, B. Nicquevert29, F. Niedercorn114, J. Nielsen136, T. Niinikoski29, N. Nikiforou34, A. Nikiforov15_{, V. Nikolaenko}127_{, K. Nikolaev}64_{, I. Nikolic-Audit}77_{, K. Nikolics}49_{, K. Nikolopoulos}24_{, H. Nilsen}48_,

P. Nilsson7_{, Y. Ninomiya}154_{, A. Nisati}131a_{, T. Nishiyama}66_{, R. Nisius}98_{, L. Nodulman}5_{, M. Nomachi}115_,

I. Nomidis153_{, M. Nordberg}29_{, B. Nordkvist}145a,145b_{, P.R. Norton}128_{, J. Novakova}125_{, M. Nozaki}65_{, L. Nozka}112_,

I.M. Nugent158a_{, A.-E. Nuncio-Quiroz}20_{, G. Nunes Hanninger}85_{, T. Nunnemann}97_{, E. Nurse}76_{, B.J. O’Brien}45_,

S.W. O’Neale17,∗, D.C. O’Neil141, V. O’Shea53, L.B. Oakes97, F.G. Oakham28,d, H. Oberlack98, J. Ocariz77, A. Ochi66_{, S. Oda}154_{, S. Odaka}65_{, J. Odier}82_{, H. Ogren}60_{, A. Oh}81_{, S.H. Oh}44_{, C.C. Ohm}145a,145b_{, T. Ohshima}100_,

H. Ohshita139_{, T. Ohsugi}177_{, S. Okada}66_{, H. Okawa}162_{, Y. Okumura}100_{, T. Okuyama}154_{, A. Olariu}25a_{, M. Olcese}50a_,

A.G. Olchevski64_{, S.A. Olivares Pino}31a_{, M. Oliveira}123a,h_{, D. Oliveira Damazio}24_{, E. Oliver Garcia}166_,