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METECH '16 /IV M M Istanbul, NOVEMBER 3-4, 2016
160258
Physical and chemical analysis of the material cast of a prosthesis for tibia (morphology and DSC).
Nacira SASSANE, Khaled BOUBENDIRA, Abdeldjalil BENFOUGHAL, Mohamed BOULKRA, Boukhezar Skander.
Research Center in Industrial Technologies (CRTI), P.O. Box 64 Cheraga 16014. Algiers. ALGERIA.
n.sasane@csc.dz
Abstract
In this approach, we have shown the results of Scanning Electron Microscope characterization (SEM), Optical Microscopy and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). The prosthesis is a composite material consisted of an organic matrix reinforced by a glass fiber and perlon, prepared by a standard casting method under vacuum.
All our results show us:
-The microscopic analysis has a porous structure.
-Furthermore, the optical micrography chows the arrangement of the fiber in the matrix.
-The result of Differential Scanning Calorimetry shows a glass transition (Tg).
Index Terms— physical analysis, prosthesis for tibia, MEB, DSC, optical microscopy.
I. Introduction
An organic composite is a material composed of a reinforced polymer matrix.
The physicochemical properties of a composite depend particularly on the nature of the matrix [1].
Orthopedic products manufactured by the biotechnology industry in general are organic composites of an acrylic resin matrix and a glass fiber reinforcement [2].
The differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) allows us to determine the physical changes such as fusion, decomposition, glass transition,…….. [3].
The glass transition is a physical property related to the rate of heating or cooling. In addition, this transition influences the mechanical and rheological properties of the material [4].
II. Materials and techniques
The studied material is an organic composite for orthopedic prosthesis of a tibia prepared by a conventionally method of cast, is constituted of an organic thermosetting acrylic resin matrix which is reinforced by a glass fiber.
Among the techniques of physical and chemical characterization we performed on this organic composite DSC, the scanning electron microscopy and optical microscopy.
A) Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC)
DCS diagram was obtained with a temperature range from 30 to 300 ° C and a heating rate equals 5 °/min in the aim of determining the phase transitions of the composite.
B) Scanning electron microscopy
The principle of the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is based on the interaction of a focused beam of monoenergetic electrons accelerated with the matter. We can determine the concentration of the elements constituting the alloy by energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) [5].
The microscopy scanning is effected with the aid of equipment ZEISS EVO MA 25 type.
C) Optical microscopy
To reveal the structure of the composite we used a microscope NICON LV 150N type, coupled to a digital camera.
III. RESULTS
A) Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC)
Figure (1) shows a glass transition at a temperature (Tg) equals about 76 ° C, represented by an endothermic peak and another endothermic peak that defines a fusion at 224°C.
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METECH '16 /IV M M Istanbul, NOVEMBER 3-4, 2016
Figure 1. Diagram of the DSC unworn composite.
B) Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM)
The SEM micrographies in Figure (2) and (3) represent a porous structure.
Figure 2. SEM micrography of composite unworn with a magnification of 100X.
Figure 3. SEM micrography of composite unworn with a magnification of 10000X.
C) Optical microscopy
In the figure (4), which is in white color, shows the arrangement of the fiber in the matrix.
Figure 4. Optical micrography of unworn composite with a magnification of 25X.
Conclusion
This modest work analyzes the physical and chemical properties of the composite for the orthopedic prosthesis of a tibia, to do this we used the DSC analysis technique, scanning (DSC) and two other techniques of microscopic analysis (SEM and optical).
The results of our analysis show that:
- The glass transition (Tg) temperature to some extent is low, which may present the fragile nature of the composite at low temperatures.
- The microstructures SEM show the existence of porosity due to the matrix resin elaboration.
References
[1] Isabelle Giraud, « Elaboration of thermostable
thermoplastics sizings: Influence on the mechanical behavior of PEEK composites / fiber», PhD from the University of Toulouse, July 2011.
[2] S. Achouri, B. Redjel, « Mechanical Properties 3-point bending of a biomaterial- composite glass- acrylic perlon- for orthopedic use for the manufacture of prostheses»,cnriut09.univLille1.fr/articles/Posters/321r.
pdf.
[3] Procedures Study Group, «Determination of physical characteristics by DSC», edition April 2008.
[4] Christophe ParisEarl, « Study and modeling of dynamic polimerisation of composites with thermosetting matrix», PhD from the University of Toulouse, Novembre 2011.
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METECH '16 /IV M M Istanbul, NOVEMBER 3-4, 2016
[5] Ismahane Kebbache, " Microstructure and crystallographic characterization of alloys copper base on prepared by HF method ", PhD from the University of Badji Mokhtar, ANNABA, 2011.
