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Acid gas evolution from PVC using DBR/NRC method
Sumi, K.; Morwick, D. W.
NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL OF CANADA DIVISION OF BlllLDlNG RESEARCH
DBR INTERNAL REPCIRT NO. 4 2 5
ACID GAS EVOLUTION FROM PVC USING DBR/NRC METHOD by K . Sumi and D.W. Morwick
Checked by: G .
W.
s
Approved by: LW
.
c
.
Date: May 1976Prepared for:
CSA Committee S e t Up t o I n v e s t i g a t e S u i t a b l e F i r e T e s t Requirements f o r Power, C o n t r o l and Communication Cables
A t a meeting o f CSA Committee S e t Up t o I n v e s t i g a t e S u i t a b l e F i r e T e s t Requirements f o r Power, C o n t r o l and Communication C a b l e s , h e l d on 21 November 1975, it was d e c i d e d t o check t h e performance o f t h e a c i d g a s e v o l u t i o n t e s t proposed by O n t a r i o Hydro w i t h two o t h e r t e s t s . One o f t h e s e was a method developed by DBR/NRC i n t h e i r thermal decomposition s t u d i e s ; t h e o t h e r was a method b e i n g used by Northern E l e c t r i c Co. Ltd. Three samples o f PVC s h e e t s w i t h v a r i o u s c h l o r i n e c o n t e n t , d e s i g n a t e d A, B and C , were s u p p l i e d by Northern E l e c t r i c .
The
p a r t o f t h e work conducted a t DBR/NRC is d e s c r i b e d below. MATERIALSSpecimens were p r e p a r e d from t h e samples o f PVC s h e e t s by c u t t i n g a p o r t i o n o f e a c h i n t o small c h i p s . A PVC g e n e r a l purpose r e s i n was p r e p a r e d i n p e l l e t form t o use a s a r e f e r e n c e s t a n d a r d i n checking t h e v a l i d i t y o f t h e NRC method.
TllERMAL DECOMPOSITION
The e x p e r i m e n t a l s e t - u p developed a t DBR/NRC f o r thermal decomposition s t u d i e s i s shown i n F i g u r e 1. The specimens (800 mg) were decomposed a t 800 O C i n t h e 57-mm d i a m e t e r q u a r t z f u r n a c e t u b e
i n t h e r e s e n c e o f a n a i r s t r e a m c o n t i n u o u s l y moving a t a r a t e o f 1000 cmg m i n - l . A glass-wool f i l t e r was p l a c e d i n t h e o u t l e t neck o f t h e f u r n a c e tube t o t r a p t h e p a r t i c u l a t e s . H e a t i n g t a p e was used i n t h e same a r e a t o p r e v e n t c o n d e n s a t i o n o f v o l a t i l e decompo- s i t i o n p r o d u c t s b e f o r e t h e y r e a c h e d t h e l i q u i d t r a p s . ?he l i q u i d t r a p s each c o n t a i n e d 100 mR of 0.5N NaOH.
ANALY S I S
llydrogen c h l o r i d e i n t h e t r a p s o l u t i o n s was a n a l y z e d w i t h a n Orion S p e c i f i c Ion Meter u s i n g a n e l e c t r o d e t h a t i s s e n s i t i v e t o
c h l o r i d e i o n . The r e f e r e n c e e l e c t r o d e was a s t a n d a r d Orion l i q u i d membrane double- j u n c t i o n t y p e . The s o l u t i o n was s t i r r e d a t
a p p r o x i m a t e l y c o n s t a n t r a t e by means o f a magnetic s t i r r e r and t h e emf was r e a d d i r e c t l y from t h e m e t e r . The amount o f HCR was d e t e r mined by u s i n g a c a l i b r a t i o n c u r v e p r e p a r e d from s o l u t i o n s w i t h known c o n c e n t r a t i o n s o f NaCR.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The a n a l y t i c a l d a t a a r e p r e s e n t e d i n Table I . A l l samples were t e s t e d i n d u p l i c a t e and t h e r e s u l t s r e p o r t e d a s a r a t i o o f
p r o d u c t t o sample w e i g h t .
PVC r e s i n was used a s a s t a n d a r d r e f e r e n c e sample t o check t h e v a l i d i t y o f t h e method b e c a u s e c o n v e n t i o n a l chemical methods o f a n a l y s i s were d i f f i c u l t t o employ due t o t h e a l k a l i n i t y o f t h e t r a p s o l u t i o n s . The r e s u l t s i n d i c a t e t h a t t h e r e c o v e r y o f HCR was a p p r o x i m a t e l y e q u a l t o t h e t h e o r e t i c a l amount e x p e c t e d from
complete c o n v e r s i o n o f a l l c h l o r i n e atoms t o HCR.
Water t r a p s w i t h o u t a l k a l i were c o n s i d e r e d d u r i n g t h e develop- ment o f t h e p r o c e d u r e f o r decomposition o f PVC. P r e l i m i n a r y
s t u d i e s i n d i c a t e d t h a t t h e amount o f HCR from PVC r e s i n was l e s s t h a n e x p e c t e d from complete c o n v e r s i o n o f Ck atoms t o HCR, and t h e amount o f IiCR d e c r e a s e d w i t h i n c r e a s e d flow o f a i r . Thus, a l k a l i s o l u t i o n s were used i n t r a p p i n g HCR.
CONCLUSIONS
The amounts o f HCR e v o l v e d from t h e t h r e e s a m p l e s s u b m i t t e d by N o r t h e r n E l e c t r i c Co. and PVC r e s i n , a c c o r d i n g t o a method d e v e l o p e d a t DBR/NRC, were : Sample I'VC r e s i n HCR ( g / g sample)
-
0 . 3 8 0 . 2 1 0 . 1 4 0 . 5 8 TABLE IHYDROGEN CHLORIDE EVOLVED FROM PVC SAMPLES
S amp 1 e PVC R e s i n A B C Run No. 1. 2. 3 . 4 . 5 . 6 . 7. 8 . 9 . P r o d u c t s ( g / g sample)
.
T o t a l IICN 0 . 5 8 0 . 5 8 0 . 3 9 0 . 3 8 0 . 2 3 0 . 2 0 0 . 2 1 0.14 0.14 Residue 0 . 0 1 0 . 0 1 0 . 0 7 0 . 0 7 0 . 2 2 0 . 2 2 0 . 2 2 0 . 2 9 0 . 2 9A I R O R N I T R O G E N E
