Simulation Monte Carlo du transport quantique dans les composants nanométriques. Application à l'étude de lasers à cascade quantique térahertz
253
0
0
Texte intégral
(2)
(3) "!$#%'&)(+* ,#-# .,/ "0., )#1 2&3&) ,.547698:6 ; / ,#1* <8=/8>8? @ BA=CEDGFIHEJLKMHNFOJ?FQPSRUTNV%WYX
(4) Z\[] ^ _%`ba c deGf a d]d egih%dj^kmlonpf d e%qr`tsud f/qvf/`bdwj%d Bx0y
(5) wz)Kr\{ \ ^
(6) ] Pi|}w~PiFQH|> ^A=P _ ` x~ ? PGFxBx. CA>~pQ H|H|YPy]%FI~HEJ>AFQ%|> UHNF7 A=|Q A=P1J=%|>~PioHYCLH %|YQ |=|?HCEDFI ^A?Pi:0=>~ opQ HY|~KvDQA=J?P1J?P ~ PGFIo oJ=P ^A?|Y ^A?P DiFQ¡?PGF¢ £ lohpf d eGh%dsud ¤¥¦§a¨ d© np` d ª«o«O¬j%dgIeGf,s®¨ lo©$©$qucbc qulej^kmd¯%O©de^°. µ. µ. µ. µ. µ. µ. µ. PiC ±=FQP²$J=A}³ A=F´ °¦§quj%qrd `5¶U·¸N¸N¹Nº>» ¼U` ac qujpd eGf °N½od ei¾i¿?hp¨ À9Á=Â:à ¹NÄ ¦§qr` d ¨{f/dh%`)j%d9f Å%Æ cbd °NÇ2` srlÈ·ÉiÊ?Â:É?· Ë,_%_lo`Ìf/d hp` °¿?hp¨ÍÏÎÐÉÎ>º>· Ë,_%_lo`Ìf/d hp` °¦§quj%qrd `5Ñ ¹ÒÂлQÊ?¹NÉ ÓЯp©qreOf d h%` °Ë,deh%j ÔÎÕ>Ö:Õ=¹N×wà ¹NÉ ØUÕ=¹ ÓЯp©qreOf d h%` °¼Ðlosul7¶:Õ>ØUÄi· ÓЯp©qreOf d h%`.
(7)
(8)
(9) ! "#
(10) $ &%' $)( * +, ")-. 0/$ 214357698;:<30=>3?'@AB6DC':<3. E F 0G H9 I J$K HMLNPOQ$ R.
(11)
(12)
(13) 3 8 @ 8 @ A! "#$ %'&AB8N@N8(<8 =$ )*3 +J8,&'@-.(3'/ =310 @+!,2 .3 +J8,3&@-!(3H38 =>3546&7,98M3 +B:8&9,: ;, <9@ 3DN A#=%!>@?A>;0B>C4 >ED2/ = @D@;<8 &CF3G0B>H35I* ,KJJ3BAAJ3.(LGM > DC>C268> 3O 3B5F3P+@ 3Q0B,&AD@ 3P(R6ST> 1 @ C C3P&AU/VI*,KJ 3DAA 3P(RWX $ZY&@3PDAD@N8 =>3DA ?7+@ 3P&9+D3DAF3J8"[,3+:8&9,;, <9@ 3DA =>3 1 @\ 3'/ =35F3]J! @ 36$ :R,&^& 3P(L0 =>3&C9 B AD@N=3P6; +U , 575 @ AAB@,3& =$ 3_`9 53.&7> N N i 3+ :<3P3aB+ :,3D( A = 4 @ A i 8 ?cB 5WT , @;$ <%!>@,& ?j3.>k 0B5W>C4 F >;/C7-.,K( J!@l,Q2& => 3aADA'(R3 + m,&b;7 &9= @@ A3A. + 8N&7@,+ 3c& B=>3G0dD+ 3),& 8AB@ 3P(R9 @\Z> N >Z:N3)1e8N> @ 3P[ & :FAm,8"f 3.C(g/ @ 8 B :R5W3 ,h<8@;< ,& =>3.3 5W C9,J.,,& =>3 <9 8N@N8<( =>3 =>35n$ o , @\pJ.9 @;8mfU P&7 qeJ+ @ 3.F =>37A 3DAW+U,&^&9 @ AA!&9D+ 3DA A.J+ @ 3P2& 8N@ qe-!( 3DA 38K=>3HA.,& 3D_ C^ PB @ 3P&9D+ 3r> N 3TC( @ AP( @ A 3 +U,&^&99 @ADA.'& 8&=3TkW<8 .&7 P, AB@;8 F 38#=>3QkW>< 3P'& 8N@\ 3DAA 3=`,'& 8 @ 5J! @;8 C9 3.(L 3 =`& AG; = @ 3 J+ 8N@h,&s-.(t9, 8N@ = @ 3P&b,& 3 =>3T+ 308 @;> N 3Q 353.+ @ 3 AB@\&7+Uu. 3B5F3P'& 8p0d,& AD@ 3P(L > ?2@\ 8v,B @w/]I*,K J 3DAA 3P(L#a $;YH& @ 3PD AD@N8 6Ix3D @ A y!#/ 38p0d,&b: AD@ 3P(R 1V>mzt & @\/ :Fh<8 =>3 i 3 B+ :<3P B+ :<3BA 4 i ?d( ?e0|{ =>31 $;Y'& @\ 3. AB@;8 =>3G0d,2& 8 C3P @ 3Pj%%U/]-.( @ 5F3]J!,'& 8] $ :R,3&^,& 3P(R =3]}P(3>< 3PT+ 308 @ 38 =$ 3P&~ 8 3 3DA6D C Ct, 8M3P(R Ar> 0B,& AD@ 3P(RjIA> 1(< @\/Ip,K J 3DAA 3P(L"W$ZY& @ 3PD AD@N8 =>31N 0|(L'& @B+ :8/ 5F3J! @N8$ :R,&^& 3P(L =$ D C Ct,B 8M3. A.,& }P(>< 353.'& 8.AP(LOD+ 3H5W 5O9, @\ 3F3P& 8v'& 8A-.(]$ 3 _` 57@\&79 8M3P(R!> $ 6 AP( @ A#Ct 8N@h+.(L @vuP 3B5F3P'& 8&AJ3.& AD@vfP 3F38J} 3QC( @ C9 B AJ3P'& 8M3053BA C9C>( A AD@&9+'uP 3DA6 353.+ @ 3B5F3P'& 8;A!> N 3.AP( @ A.8UDu Ap 3 +U,&^&9 @ AA!'& 810d,& AD@ 3.(L i >R(F-!( 3B5#f 3.h<'( 3'/I* ,KJJ 3BAAJ3.(L5B 5# PD @N8M3m1 $;YH& @ 3PD AD@N8 =>3DA#?7+ @ 3P&9D+ 3DA 38x2[ 3 B+ :L&9,;, 9< @ 3DA)=>3&1 @\ 3P/ 38 0d,& AD@ 3P(R*ST>tS 3+U, A8M3P'/I*,K J 3DAA 3P(R5"$ZY& @ 3PD AD@N8 ) =>3DA ?7+ @ 3P&9D+ 3DA&38,[ 3 B+ :8&9,;,U < @ 3DA =>3 1 @\ 3'/7-.( @7,'& 8`+ D+ 3MC 8 & =>3 CtB 8N@h+ @ C3P*GD+ 39}'(RB 6 3P N 3a&$ ,(tf. @ 30Ct A =3a 3B5F3P+ @ 3P| v<` 3B5F3P2& 8/1 3DAX<( 8 3DA 5F3B5#fP 3DA =>3a$ -.& ( 8v@!C3''& /G87-!0c(0B$ 3_`>e m57@<(&9=39 D 8M63P(R3r8> S 3DAA 3P&^,& 3'/*-.( @V,3'& 8^J!,B @Ar 6; C9,U< 3DADAD@,3& =>3"D+ 3089 @\Z>e p($ @ A1 3 +U , @\ 3.'& 8 @J+ @$ 3D_ C9 3DAAB@,& =>35W C9,KJ!,2& =3m< 8N@;8( =>3r> ?p&rq]&t/eJ} 3&$ ,(^fP @ 3. @ACt A =$ ADA.,2+ @ 3PBD+ 3 8 @GD+ 3PB 8v9 @\,& 3BAC3. A!,&^,& 3BAB 5O J! 57@\ 3P/ 5F3BA +U 5W =>3BA#=3 C9 , 5W,#= p @ @ 3PV">k/* @ @ 3.Vp>k/b? AB8M3P\ 3'/]p @ @ 3P > ?>;/^Mj(R, 3'/]p @\ @ 3Pp0B>k'/ 1(R 3P2& 8/ >2>2>FD 3J8 8v,( A D+ 3P(3_X-.( 3V}^$ 9 @2C9(,(^fP @ 3PQ>2>>.
(14)
(15)
(16) n
(17)
(18) "!$#&%. |YFIHJ=A=Q H|A)(J> UH +* ®HN=H^D²~PiFQH|> ^A?Pi®Pi| |)* FQ%FQHA-,NP
(19)
(20) %.#&!0/1!2 &% ' B4#
(21) "% 56 / &78 % 561!$ 59#;:<= >? "!2
(22) @%. ' V. A. 3. D
(23) R D" <E / ""<F
(24) "R
(25) R$RR R R"/R R RR R R
(26) <GNR R R/2RG R RRRRR R RRRRR R RRRRRRR R RRRRR R RRRRR R RRRRR R RRRRR R RRRR CC D R D R D H 9$""
(27) </ % +J I RR RRR RRR RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRR RR C D R D LR K M J$# F
(28) J$K /"$"
(29) RR RRR RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRR RR DND D LR K M J$H<P O
(30) J$7 R Q J$HS G
(31) "
(32)
(33) J$HJ" F" G9
(34) J T>/ $H
(35) $ V
(36) U GN 2/ G RRR RRR RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRR RR DW D LR K<R D X
(37) "
(38) RRR RRR RRR RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRR RR DW D LR K<LR K X
(39) "
(40)
(41) RR RRR RRR RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRR RR DY D W Z DY D R W B
(42) LR K<" R </"J$" /
(43) /V[ R R $ R $RI R R R$ R R \RTR/'R
(44) R"JRT>/R RRRR R RRRRRRR R RRRRR R RRRRR R RRRRR R RRRRR R RRRR D] D R W R D E "< F9"
(45) $ RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRR RR D] DW D R a bKR $"LR K "J T^K// J TJ/$J<$#$" %, 9%$"%,"GN$$## $
(46) HR "R
(47) R$ R RRRRR R RRRRR R RRRRRRR R RRRRR R RRRRR R RRRRR R RRRRR R RR_R_R KKN`D D R aR D c J$&% H $ $ $ I G>"d\F $&J$# $ $ I $ HfeJ
(48) </ / $ RR RRR RR_K D D R aLR K g $&J$& $ $$ Hf eJ
(49) </ / $ I "
(50) $ "
(51) $#
(52) h UM$ /i$ e>+'
(53) J$ RRR R_R K W D LR j H "
(54) %,0)G
(55) "
(56)
(57)
(58) )J$& $ $ I $ \ T/'
(59) "J T/ RRR RRR RRR R_R K"a D LR j<R D M4 k G9
(60) "< F 0R RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRR R_R KNj D LR j<LR K M N
(61) l J /n mJ J J/ KRR RRR RRR RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRR R_R KNj D LR j<R W o "/ </ "
(62) $"%, " RR RRR RRR RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRR R_R K Y D Y D R Y M LR j<$R a $ I bK $" $ " J T/\ T/'J$
(63) "<JT>P O /
(64) J$K"J
(65)
(66) KJ%
(67) "$#
(68) $#
(69) <RGN R R /2RG RR R
(70) RR
(71) RRRR R RRRRR R RRRRR R RRR__R KNK C D R Y R D H 9$""
(72) </ % +J I RR RRR RRR RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRR R_R KNC D R Y LR K c P pF/ J$JJ$q/ G9/
(73) RR RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRR RR W ` DYW WVD D R ] * R /"R J$#Mr[J$# H<%P OJ$
(74) J$ $ $"" "$ /I "/J J$$# % \ %,T 9/'$ J
(75) J"$ JT>R/RR RRRRRRR R RRRRR R RRRRR R RRRRR R RRRRR R RRRR WNY D R ] R D M4 $ $ I $ \ T/'
(76) "J T/ m9 X
(77) +'
(78) s F
(79) J R RRR RRR RR WNY D R ] LR K M4 $ $ I $ \ t-u %, BvB R RRR RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRR RR WNY D R ] R W M4 $ $ I $ \T/'
(80) "JT/
(81) B
(82) * $rm * + X o m * X o RRR RRR RR WNY F .
(83) t +J$# F"JI J$ D R ] R a K"$"
(84) /
(85) Q' H% F"G9
(86) "JT>/ RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRR RR W D R ] RLj X
(87) "
(88) Q2 "
(89) JT>/J$K$ /%, "B/ J$ R RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRR RR W -
(90) /$"
(91) RRRR RRR RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRR RR W 8)% 56>; !$#=&5 % 5 "!$ 5/)@ 678!$
(92) &78 % B
(93) " </"
(94) RRRR RRR RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRR RR @W A C <K R D M 7 RQ E
(95) -. " RR RRR RRR RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRR RR W C <K R D R D B
(96) " </"
(97) RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRR RR W C <K R D RLK H
(98) 'B%, G
(99) 7 RQ RR RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRR RR a ` <K RLK X
(100) J$K$"/ & "
(101) $"%, " >T /'
(102) "JT / RR RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRR RR a D <K RL<K R D B
(103) " </"
(104) RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRR RR a D <K RL<K RLK t
(105) $ %, " T /'
(106) "J>T / >T /'"
(107) sM /2F ne g
(108) o / F
(109)
(110) RR RRR RR a K W H W W<K R M<K RLJ<K $R <PO 9$"
(111) "$& GN
(112) "< F/ % $ +JJI $ < / 2" b
(113) ' H$"%, "
(114) T/'
(115)
(116) " J/>T
(117) / $R<u R$"vRI R R
(118) R R
(119) R$ R R RRRR R RRRRR R RRRR aaNa <K R W R D " F$"
(120) BV<u $RQ
(121)
(122) "O e &u RRR RRR RRR RRR RRR RR a j <K R W RLK
(123) "
(124) $K <9G
(125) RR RRR RRR RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRR RR a Y <K R W R W Kb Q
(126) 'B <T / >T /'
(127) "JT / F" "J$K
(128) $" R RRR RRR RRR RR a Y <K R W R a )T /'"
(129) E " $$ H /#R RRR RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRR RR a ] <K R W RLj )T /'"
(130) $K +
(131) RRR RRR RRR RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRR RR a ] -
(132) /$"
(133) RRRR RRR RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRR RR a 0>=%FQPi ~LQ¡=DGHNFI ^A?PBJ>AFQ|>LHNF$D²~PiFQH|> ^A?PB A=|Q A=P
(134)
(135) %.#&!0/1!2 &%{ B; !$#= 595 S#&% 5 1#!2 % @
(136) %. !2 #&. W. '
(137) " </"
(138) RRRR RRR RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRR RR_j W W R D c " H
(139) '"
(140) J$# $J"
(141) JT/J$RRR RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRR RR_j W W R D R D D $ T>/'
(142) "JT/J$#" "<
(143) $"
(144)
(145) $KR RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRR RR_j"a W R D RLK " F$" 0G
(146) "
(147)
(148) F> %%,
(149) $#J$ Q 9$" "/"/ J$ R RRR RR_jNj W R D R W * $"%,J $&
(150) / "JT/J$ RR RRR RRR RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRR RR Y ` W RLK t
(151) )J$& J
(152) $" J$K
(153) "
(154)
(155) $&7 RQ E
(156) 0-. " R RR YNW W RLK<R D " F$" /"$ RRR RRR RRR RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRR RR Y a W YNY W R W H RL "K<
(157) RLK %,0M J$&
(158) 7 R"Q
(159) $)
(160) '%,$" " J<J$$D"R R
(161) RR R RRRRR R RRRRRRR R RRRRR R RRRRR R RRRRR R RRRRR R RRRR Y W R W R D c " H
(162) '"
(163) J$# $J"
(164) JT /J$K
(165)
(166) '
(167) KJ H% 7%, " < Y W R W RLK t
(168) $ %, "
(169) $#J$#$"" "/"/ J$%, " <J>T /J$ RRR RRR RRR RRR RRR RR ] ` ]D . . -
(170) /$"
(171) RRRR RRR RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRR RR. !$ % % 4 % #;:J& 4 % "!2N &@ #&% N
(172) #&% N "@ /1!2 #&!! " % %# @
(173) % !2 "#&
(174) " </"
(175) RRRR RRR RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRR RR aR D H D +'D + 0
(176) "
(177) J"
(178) eJ
(179) %, / #/
(180) qG>"d +<
(181) $
(182)
(183) RRR RR a R R )T /'"
(184) %. RdJ F
(185)
(186) RRR RRR RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRR RR a R D RLK H +'+
(187) "
(188) RRR RRR RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRR RR aRLK E $
(189) '&)/$F
(190) "
(191) J"
(192) e JJ"
(193)
(194) $# $ 0/ / E
(195) 0-. " F &. B.. 3$] W ]W ]W ]j ]N].
(196) t +J$# F"JI J$ aRLK<R D EB RQ J$ H% u>JJ$
(197) $# " "/ 7R RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRR RR ]N] ] a RLK<RLK
(198) /$"
(199) </ "
(200) G
(201) J $"%
(202) RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRR RR C a RLK<R W B
(203) /$"
(204) H
(205) "
(206) FJB
(207) eJ" 9
(208)
(209) $ K$" 0/"
(210) E
(211) #-. " ` NW. -
(212) /$"
(213) RRRR RRR RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRR RR . (B. !$
(214) !2@%&1 % 5
(215) % #- !$ 56#&% 5 " " 5 "% 5. .
(216) " </"
(217) RRRR RRR RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRR RR j j<R D t4D
(218) D$ / Kc <J" "JT/+<
(219) $"
(220)
(221) &R RRR RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRR RR j j<R R
(222) "
(223) 0G
(224) "
(225) <J" "J T/ F 9$ J %J T>/' RR RRR RR j j<R DD LR KW ^K/J T/J$ G
(226) J$K$"/ & J
(227) " G +<
(228) $"
(229)
(230) 7R κ(q,RRω)R RRR RRR RR NY j<R R b u %, R Q$IJ$ J
(231) " G 0$""J T/ RR RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRR RR j<LR K -.D /4c J$#
(232) $K F" "J </ %,
(233) "4J / 0+
(234)
(235)
(236) J
(237) R RRR RR C j<LR K<R c
(238) "
(239) R RRR RRRR R RR RRR RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRR RR C j<LR K<LR K JJ H%, 9$""
(240)
(241) $ " / RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRR RR C j<R W E W D $E "
(242) 7%, "$+ Π(Q) R RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRRR RRR RR C D j<R W R 2 I 0E G + k F "
(243) RRR RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRR R_R CNK j<R W LR KW E " 0/ " G9/ R RR R RRR RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRR R_R CNj j<R W R B 2 I %, "$+ " J R RRR RRR RRR RRR R_R C j<R W R a
(244) /
(245) J 7
(246)
(247) e>%' +, RR RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRR R_R D CNC j<R LR j
(248) $"/ & 2 I 7%, "$+
(249) / R RRR RRR RRR RRR RR D `NK j<R a D
(250) " H G 0/"P UM$ /i$ e>+'
(251) J$ R RRR RRR RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRR RR D `NK j<R aR 9$""
(252) </ % +J I RR RRR RRR RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRR RR D `NKW j<R aLR KW M J$& 2 IJ$K 7" "/ R RRR RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRR RR D ` j<R aR M 2 I0 % %, / # J$ /< T/'"
(253) J
(254) " G RRR RRR RR D `"a j<R aR a K
(255) % H Kr [< H% RR RRR RRIR RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRR RR DN`ND j j<RLj D
(256) "H G Q $ T>/+
(257) $#J$& $ $ $ \T/'
(258) "JT/ RR RRR RRR RR DND ` j<LR j<R H 9$""
(259) </ % +J I RR RRR RRR RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRR RR DNDN`D j<LR j<LR K
(260) 'B%,0 7 R Q RRR RRR RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRR RR DND -
(261) /$"
(262) RRRR RRR RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRR RR K. CA=~p H| HY|Py]%FI~HEJ=P1~% PGFO ooJ?P ^A=|Q ^A=P
(263)
(264) %.#&!0/1!2 &%{{
(265) "% &% 5 % % /#&% 561%.#&!25% "50!25!2 % B. iT. . ' '$ 78 !$
(266) &78% ' ' 3
(267) " </"
(268) RRRR RRR RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRR RR DND] Y R D "/ /
(269) $ I $J \T>/'
(270) "JT/ I $"/%,B J$ /V[
(271)
(272) <GN /2G u>
(273) R RR DND] Y R D R D " "/"/ 7+'
(274) J
(275) </"
(276) &GN
(277) "
(278) $
(279) R RRR RRR RR DND] YD Z E DND Y RLK R "/RLK /J
(280) $"/ $ $#IJ $ $"$J 0 /\T>"/'
(281)
(282) $ "JT/
(283) I 0$"-./%, "B J$R R/VR[ RI R %'R $RF9R R "R+R R R R "QRR "RR d RRR D KNKC Y RLK<R D " "/"/ 7+'
(284) J
(285) </"
(286) &GN
(287) "
(288) $
(289) R RRR RRR RR D KNK Y RLK<RLK H 6I" J$KJ$#$" 0/
(290) '$ E
(291) -& " RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRR RR D KNj Y RLK<R W B
(292) /
(293) J
(294) "
(295) J"
(296) eJ" 9
(297) RRR RRR RRR RRR RRR RR D KNj -
(298) /$"
(299) RRRR RRR RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRR RR D K P[.
(300) t +J$# F"JI J$ 3 B8)
(301) !2"5 % < /0" !2
(302) 5 R!2 R% R78R R!$R 4R R78 R% R 0RR1 R/)R R/ R#&R !V R&
(303) R R /1R!2R SR R 5R@R !$R RR%.R 1R% R/ R " @R R@R RRR RR ' D8WV' D ] R D H J$
(304) "
(305) 7$"" "/'B / RR RRR RRR RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRR RR DWVD ] RLK B
(306) /
(307) J
(308) "
(309) JB
(310) e J" 9
(311) RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRR RR DW a ] RL<K R D H 6I " J$KJ$#$" 0/
(312) '$ E
(313) -& " RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRR RR DW a DW ] H I c H)Z H I ] RLRL<K<K RLR WK c +' +J $#J $Kil J
(314) "
(315) $"
(316)
(317) $#
(318) " $#s 4M - ^
(319) K
(320) θ"=
(321) 44J
(322) " R
(323) Re R R "R R
(324) R DWj] ] RL<K R a -. "$ "J>T /J$K</ 4M - ^ I θ = 44
(325) R RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRR DW ] RL<K RLj M J$.G
(326) "
(327) $<$"" "+/"
(328) R RRR RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRR RR D a ` ] RL<K R Y 4t H%, "/ 0J"
(329) JT / $ /$i>e +'
(330) RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRR RR D a K ] R W B
(331) /
(332) J $D"
(333)
(334) B D B
(335) J"
(336) e JJ"
(337) RR RRR RRR RR D a W ] R a "/ </ J H%, "
(338) )
(339) G
(340) "
(341) 7 H%, "/ </ 'Q H% J" "JT / R D a j ] R a R D B
(342) /
(343) J</ 'Q H% J" "JT / RRR RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRR RR D a j ] R a RLK B
(344) /
(345) J 7 H%, "/ J$ / R RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRR RR D a -
(346) /$"
(347) RRRR RRR RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRR RR D jNj s!2 !$ 4 % 591%.#&!05 " N % 01 /)@/11#&!V &@ / !2 S 5
(348) !$ % 1% / "
(349)
(350) B
(351) " </"
(352) RRRR RRR RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRR RR ' D 4j 3] R D H$$"
(353) I D a9t b d
(354) $# $ I $ \>T /2
(355) "J>T /* I c H)Z H R RRR RRR RR D j ] RD RD H $
(356) "
(357) 7$ /2GNG J$""
(358) 0,R -)R$M J R )RR RRR RRR RR D j ] R D RLK Z J$"/ $ E
(359) 0-. " R RRR RRR RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRR RR DY ` RD RW -
(360) /$
(361) RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRR RR DY a RLK M $ I $ \T /'
(362) "JT / I c H)Z H "
(363) I D t b d RRR RRR RRR RRR RR DY j RL< K R D 0/"
(364) H$"" "/"/ I c H)Z H "
(365) I <K D t b d R RRR RRR RR DY j RL< K RLK E < ' "
(366) $K H$"" "/"/ V>F $&J$&" vJI $#+' $ $ J$. G; T /
(367) JJ$#RR RRR RR DYNY RL< K R W >F /"
(368) >F J 'Q H% J" "JT /</ 4M - ^ I W K !/ H
(369) / RR RR DY C -
(370) /$"
(371) RRRR RRR RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRR RR D] D . @ #= 5&@ !$#&% '$$3 |=|=P2( Pi %V
(372) % "!2N &@ !
(373) % .#&% 56/ " @
(374) 5 / 78 % 56/)@#&!$& "% 5 '$3@3
(375) " ! =#= q :<=
(376) % !2
(377) #&% N
(378) #&%
(379) /)@ S ! 1& % 5&@ 1 % # '$32A )R D c "<F9"
(380) % +'+ 0
(381) "
(382) J"
(383) VeB " 9
(384) R RRR RRR RRR RR D] C R D R D
(385) ) F" "JRRR RRR RRR RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRR RR D ` R D RLK b u %, RQ$JI $ +'
(386) J$#%' +, J T /J$ RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRR RR D ` )RLK 4 t " J 'Q
(387) 2G $"%
(388) RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRR RR D VD .
(389) &
(390) 1& #% N 78 % :J @ ! q #&% N
(391) &78 % &1 % 5
(392) % # ' -)R D t QJ " J
(393) "G +<
(394) $"
(395)
(396) RR RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRR RR D NW -)RLK " 0/ FRR RRR RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRR RR D j [.
(397) t +J$# F"JI J$ * c 5D /)% N 5S "&78 % 5 !$# # % 56>?!2N % "561% >?@ %q #&%
(398) #&% N "@ ' 3 R [<% J$ $"
(399) FRQ F"JT/ RRR RRR RRR RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRR RR D ] c R K * $"%,J $&
(400) / "JT/J$&RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRR RR D c RLK<R D X
(401)
(402) H%$ / RR RRR RRR RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRR RR D c RLK<RLK -./4J$#J rpF
(403) $K / " R RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRR RR D & %D /)Z "!V "% #&% N "@ 1&78%. % 5@ 5 1!$ 1% 'A R %%, $"/ #J$#
(404) $K F" "J %, "$+ RRR RRR RRR RRR RR D C W RLKt4 H%, "/ 7 $ /$ie>+'
(405) 0 " H
(406) J I !0 R9G $ $
(407)
(408) RG "JT / D WR t4 H7%,< $"" "/+ 0/"
(409) $ /R $iR>e +'RR
(410) RRR R "R HR
(411) R JR RI R !RR R R R R
(412) R RR9G R R R
(413) R"R JT R/ RR R RRRRR R RRRR D C"CNaj R a -. $J$& F "/V[
(414)
(415) >e %2 +, J>T / $ RRR RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRR RR D C Y. 1 #=&5!V &@ 1%.#&!
(416) 4/1!2 "! )@#=& q1!$ 56#;:J=
(417) % "!2N &@ #&% N "@ 4 #% N "@ B
(418) " </"
(419) RRRR RRR RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRR RR ' D AC 3] R D B
(420) /$"
(421) )
(422)
(423) > e %' +,
(424) $. $D"
(425) )
(426) "
(427) J"
(428) e J"
(429) RRR RRR RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRR RR D C ] R D R D H 9$""
(430) </ % +JI RR RRR RRR RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRR RR D C ] R D RLK D RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRR RR D C R D R W H
(431) 'B%,0 7 R Q RRR RRR RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRR RR D C RLK H H $Kr [ H%J$ RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRR RR4KN`NK RLK<R D H B H $ J$ $#
(432) $& X * $ R RRR RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRR RR4KN`NK RL< K RLK 4M $ I $ \T /'
(433) "JT / I c H)Z H I W a9t b d R RRR RRR RRR RRR RR4KN`"aY -
(434) /$"
(435) RRRR RRR RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRRR RRR RRR RRR RRR RR4KN` 3 # )@#&% 568 =#=&5 5 ' & ! #%.1% 5@ % 5 'VA 8-&5 % % 5 ! 1#&% !$ 1#=& @ !2/ " &% '. [<.
(436) [<.
(437) X
(438) . c. %/6 $ T>/'" JJ
(439)
(440) J$
(441) </$"" " $$ HfeJ
(442) </ / $P %' 7/
(443) rO "$ /
(444) / rU Q Q BF kF> %%,
(445) G H% G9 $$
(446) $ 0+ J$FJ H%, 9$
(447) $FJ"
(448) JT/J$ F
(449) JI $"%,J / 9R * / l" / Q/ < G9
(450) / J$ %'$ $ / $ J$ J / QJ$ $ Hfe J
(451) </" "JJ$ F
(452) %/J$ J$"
(453) '
(454) 6I" 9R E JJ$ J QJ$ )J$ %2Q
(455) 6I
(456) J$ T/'
(457) "JT/J$
(458) %,2/ F>
(459) %/$ "
(460) kG9<G J$ / J H% kQ
(461) $"
(462) J$
(463) JJJ$ $D I "/ J$
(464) 2
(465) ' >J H%, "U $
(466) $ R H GN $)%,
(467) '$
(468) $ K$)kG9
(469) J$K%, G " F
(470) JJ$ J$)<$"%, 9$"" G $7LN9 J$")0 $ '%' r [ H%9 H r O"/
(471)
(472) I " F> $ G9 "FJ$ "
(473) $ $" $DOB J$2% Q
(474) 6 I
(475) J$ T/'
(476) "J T>/J$
(477) k F> /"
(478)
(479) F J"
(480) J T>/' %, " H$0 "
(481)
(482) 2/ F V/ [ J H%, 9$
(483) $ T/ r [<%
(484) 0J$
(485)
(486) '
(487) J$ % % " J$ ) J
(488) J T/ T/'
(489) "J T>/9R
(490) J$ r [ H%J$ J$ %/$ J
(491)
(492) /$ J$ < I r O0"/
(493)
(494) J$
(495)
(496) '
(497) T/ G
(498) "
(499)
(500) I J$ G; T/
(501) JJ$0"v IJ$0k F>JJ$0F%/$"/ $ J
(502)
(503) J$ G9< G>" Q "R d R.-
(504) $k G>
(505) !/" J$2% Q
(506) 6 I
(507) JS $ T>/2
(508) "J T>/J$%/$r [<% J$ J H J$& 9$ "
(509) $& Q
(510) $.J$&$"/%, " J$ V/ [ J$.2% Q
(511) 6 I
(512) J$#
(513) G
(514) JJ$# J"
(515) $P <J$
(516) J$#% $"
(517) J T/J$ 43v8 + R H " HJ$
(518) 2/ F> V/ [H F
(519) J$ %
(520) J$ % G9v IJ$ J Q
(521) G9J T>/J$ % J" 9
(522) J T/K F / !%%' ""
(523) F
(524) 2/ F V/ [ J H%, 9$
(525) $7r [ %
(526) T>/'
(527) " ' "
(528) F $ " "/"/ F+'
(529) J$ %, / &J
(530) Jk F> &J$&<$"%, 9$"" G $ $
(531) .
(532)
(533) F9
(534) $ R K
(535) r [B H% /
(536) ) $ " "/"/ J$" T ;AJP3 +U.A +U =>3 -!(F&28N@ -.(3R B $ 7<$""2
(537) G9/HJ$/" J$ $ $ I $ Hf eJ
(538) </ J/ $%' 0G I T/7$ /$ J$F 9 $ T>/'
(539) " 'J$ /
(540) +'
(541)
(542) R F
(543)
(544)
(545)
(546) %' " $F $ "
(547) $""
(548) $
(549) h UM$ /i$ e>+2
(550) J$ R' J) "< G9
(551) )KJJ$ J H%, 9$
(552) $
(553) V/ [" F 2/ [F
(554) " dP "
(555) F / "$
(556) $ J$
(557)
(558) JJ$ D C ] ` D G $D+ HHJJ$<$"%, 9$"" G $
(559) ! BH
(560) " J6 T/
(561) D CNC"a . c I %' R $"&J$ . M4+, "J$ LK R IJ$. $ <0 J Q Q$"/ .J$. $ $ $ s T/'
(562) "J T>/ J
(563)
(564) ' K/.
(565) F G 2
(566) G /
(567) )$ 2+ l ) /
(568) G9
(569) '
(570) 0+ 0%/+ "
(571) $)
(572) )r [ %, " V
(573) U J$ T/ R QJ "J T/J$ NR M J$ $ $ I $ T>/'
(574) "J T/&$ 0+
(575) " #/ l / Q//
(576) .J$ F> J$ J$ %/$ % " /$ J$ %, / J$ J$ $ / JJ$ J Q
(577) J$ I $ . "
(578)
(579) $ F
(580)
(581) <G; 2/ G 9 R 9R
(582) $ %" G 0GN T/
(583) "7$P
(584)
(585)
(586) " W `N` X b d7 W ` t b d R - %,V
(587) U
(588) "/
(589) #
(590) <G; 2/ G
(591)
(592) J$" <P pF
(593) K JJJ$ $"+ &9 J$".%, / &J" $
(594) T/ /
(595)
(596)
(597) $ "< F J Q Q $ J
(598) J
(599) " $ / 7J$ M - ^ u>
(600)
(601) '
(602) F
(603) $HJ" k G9
(604) $"%,J" 9 R M
(605) <GN 2/ G K
(606)
(607) J$" %' ""/J I F
(608)
(609) J$ $D
(610) > &
(611) 0+ B2/ [2% Q
(612) 6 I
(613) J$ %2Q u<$"J T>/J$
(614) J$ G; T/
(615) JJ$ "$""J T/J$
(616) $ J" %' ""K</ $"%,J" 9 R M J$ +, / QJ$.$
(617) r [<"
(618) F9 "J$K)J 2/ F
(619) K/
(620) R G k F
(621) !%% "
(622) $ %, 9$ $"+J$ '%' )r [ H%9 2
(623) '$ F
(624) F" G " J< 9 )7$"%,J" 9$ J %9
(625) $.J$.BJJ H 0/
(626) "
(627) $</ G;/"/ 3v8 +JR JHV / [ <P pF/ J$ J Q
(628) G9J T>/J$ T>/0 % $
(629)
(630) F H$7/ %,
(631) /
(632)
(633) 2/ F> / J U %, 9$
(634) J$ /"$7 $ 0/"
(635) $
(636) / "J T/J$H J/%,
(637) 7/
(638) % J J
(639) "
(640) $ Q'
(641) . "!$#&%('*),+-#/.$01+-243657!$8( 69;:4<-=&>@?BADCFE : G,H"I$>J:LK-MON PRQ(>J:SAUTVE4I$>XWZY[,AU:S\"\":LK$M]K_^6`aI Y-:LI$>J:LK-M/b$ c )d3_e_fhgifhj(2 ")a0424eZe"kl +$04)d'*)d#&e +$'*5(0424m/ i+-e"24!$#njV)R048('*2pol ")5F+- akd'*243Z3Z2p!$#q3_e"24'U8(0pk )jV)D +i% !#(#/)d'*)d#&eir sdt@ +jV8/ e"24!#OjV)u0Jc +$#(.0p+$243*v,T/I$M(>JThAxwyI$\lH"I Y&WB9zI$\ Wl{ b(+$|V "kd.ku5F+- ,0Lc +- "!#&%V'*)D}z~ j/+-#/3,0p+3Z8(2e")Dj()B d)u'*kd'*!2 ")r. D.
(642) B
(643) " </"
(644) G
(645) k>F %%,
(646) J
(647) $ ""/
(648) /
(649) H F
(650) & J Q Q T/<J
(651)
(652) ' /
(653) F G'
(654) R * / "l / Q/ J$ /"$. $"
(655) $
(656)
(657) JJ$$ J$ /
(658) K%' " %, / % %, 9$ .J$ %$"$. ! U "
(659) J$.$"" "/"/ J$ I
(660) < J . !/" )%' " %, /
(661) &)J H%
(662) < )
(663) $ 0+ J$ %2Q
(664) 6I
(665) J$K%2Q <u $"JT /J$$ /$iel J
(666) $ R H / K"/< )JJ$J H%, 9$
(667) $)" vJI $#%," J$K<
(668) $
(669) $ .
(670) 0+ /V7[ G " F$" J$ $
(671) % %, 9$ J$
(672) & 2I J$ F 9$ J %J>T /J$P J H #J/V7[ +' $ J$ $"/ J$ T /'"
(673) $0+
(674) /V[ 2I J$0 HB 9$ J %J>T /J$0%/$0J H%r[ J$ +' $$0$"/ /
(675) GN " FU $" 0%/
(676) sT/'
(677) "JT/ L G
(678) "
(679) $ <G9
(680) ,RQJ "7J$G
(681) "
(682) $ X J
(683) 38v+POBR H " H J$ 2I J$ H 9$ J %J>T /J$J$)% /'$ J H% $ $9G /
(684) J$ $" 0/"
(685) $ +' $ JJ$ $ / ) RQ E
(686) -. " R c
(687) $ ) F
(688) K J"
(689) J>T /9 JJ$.$" 0/"
(690) $.%, " "
(691) # "/<
(692) rU
(693) J$ % % " J$&"
(694) $"%, " F$ k>G
(695) ./
(696) 9G
(697)
(698) 0+ )K%2Q
(699) 6I
(700) J$.%2Q u $ <T /J$ R M J$. J$"/ $. +
(701) /$ %2 0$" 0/
(702) $
(703) .J
(704) <GN
(705) J$ /
(706) T /G )$%,/ /V[
(707)
(708) JJ$ r<[ %, "
(709) J$HF " "/ 9
(710) <$ / J$ Q u %, RQ$JI $ J$70 %, ""
(711)
(712) J </ 2I RQ J "JT /9R
(713) J /
(714) H$" 0/"
(715) E
(716) F-. " %,/h U " 6F /9
(717) $/
(718) HJ "
(719) J$"/ 9 J H /
(720) Fr<[ %, "
(721) J7
(722) / "J>T /F( 7$"
(723) !< ,+
(724)
(725)
(726) </ ,%' $ %
(727) "
(728) I U % J # r<[ %, "
(729) J9R H / J$ M4- ^ "
(730) /V[ G; T/
(731) JJ$ "Q "Rd 9 JJ B
(732) 'B vG B <T/&
(733) " J$ $ /$ie>+'
(734) J$ kF
(735) ." I $.G +9 ) < T /J>T /J$& H J" 9
(736) e >F $ R$M 2I "/ </ " D
(737) $"%, " O " 0
(738) %'+0
(739) KJ H% 9 2 F
(740) JI $" 9 2 /$J$#% JJ$ $ /$
(741) hMU $ /$ie +'
Documents relatifs
In this thesis we study on the one hand the existence of symmetric positive solution of multi-point boundary eigenvalue problems for second order differential equation by using
Restaurer la fonction bêta pancréatique de la souris leptine déficiente par la chirurgie bariatrique
(Frontiers in Neuroscience). Uchida K, Dezaki K, Damdindorj B, Inada H, Shiuchi T, Mori Y, et al. Lack of TRPM2 impaired insulin secretion and glucose metabolisms in mice. Brixel
The main objective of the present study is to validate a French translation of the Alcohol Urge Questionnaire (AUQ) that measures craving in patients with alcohol dependence
Un des axes de recherche de cette équipe, sur lequel se situe ce travail de thèse, est l’étude des lasers à cascade quantique (QCLs) réalisés sur le système de
journal publications, books published through the academic press are often not available in book stores, and via online book vendors they are usually expensive and do
The embedding procedure described here allows for the systematic and consistent contraction of the primitive basis set into atomic natural orbitals (ANOs), with a dramatic reduction
En effet, `a l’heure o`u la cr´eation et l’animation de personnages virtuels sont en plein essor, l’animation de la chevelure des personnages en demeure l’une des
Les avantages des dépôts à vue : Pour les particuliers, le compte de dépôt à vue sert à déposer leurs disponibilités à l’abri de tout risque, il peut aussi les prélever
