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SUGARCANE CRUSHER TO DEVELOP AN INSULAR ECONOMY

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Comment produire durablement des cannes nobles certifiées en agriculture biologique ?

Les pratiques culturales mises en œuvre l’ont-elles permis ?

MATERIELS ET METHODES

Fertil. Annuelle (Janv.) : fumiers équins 5t/ha Relevés floristiques (2017) à 135, 170 et 210 j. Girobroyage + sarclage manuel serpette Plantation et récoltes Sarclages seuls 0 20 40 60 80 100 120

Noble RBV Noble JRP Variété RRV Variété JR

c

a

nne

(t

/ha)

canne vierge 1ère repousse 3e repousse

Végéphyl – 24

e

Conférence du Columa – 3, 4 et 5 DECEMBRE 2019 - Orléans

INTRODUCTION ET CONTEXTE

Les adventices constituent le principal bioagresseur des systèmes caniers Des pertes de rendement > 10 % par mois (Marion et Marnotte, 1991)

Tahiti : industrie du rhum pure canne bio avec des cannes nobles aromatiques Cannes nobles S. officinarum ≠ variétés modernes vs. bioagresseurs

Opérations manuelles d’entretien ≈ 12 570 € / ha (Vitrac et al., 2018) Une connaissance de la biologie des adventices est indispensable

Marotea VITRAC1* & José MARTIN2, Taivini TEAI1, Ines SHILI-TOUZI3, François-Régis GOEBEL2

1 : UMR 241 EIO, Université de Polynésie française (UPF), Punaauia, Polynésie française 2 : Ecole d’Ingénieurs en Agro-développement International (UR ADI-Suds, ISTOM), Angers, France

3 : UR Agroécologie et intensification durable des cultures annuelles, CIRAD, Montpellier, France

*Auteur correspondant : maroteav@gmail.com

SUGARCANE CRUSHER TO DEVELOP AN INSULAR

ECONOMY

RESULTATS ET DISCUSSIONS

10 espèces adventices : 7 pérennes nitrophiles Recouvrements maximum à 170 j. de repousse Asystasia gangetica susp. micrantha FR 100% Sphagneticola trilobata majoritaire après 2017

Enracinement aux noeuds, tiges rampantes

Girobroyage, sarclages + pluies + compost Chute des rendements en 3e repousse,

particulièrement pour les cannes nobles

Références :

Martin J., Chabalier M., Letourmy P., Chopart J.-L., Arhiman E., Marion D., 2013. Competition and facilitation effects of differential intra- and inter-row weed management in sugarcane. In : 22ème Conférence du COLUMA, 10-12 décembre 2013, Dijon, France. Annales COLUMA, Paris AFPP, p 443-451. http://agritrop.cirad.fr/572456/

Vitrac M., Teai T., Goebel F. R., Shili-Touzi I. 2018a. Organic sugarcane cultivation in Tahiti. AGROFOR International Journal, Vol. 3, Issue No. 3, 2018.

Perspectives à court et moyen termes, gérer les adventices pérennes nitrophiles :

RANG - Densité : tallage var. modernes 2 x > c. nobles Plantation c. nobles à densité x 2

INTER-RANG - Mécanisation : travail de l’horizon de surface / enfouissement des tiges broyées

Des cannes nobles Tahitiennes cultivées en bio

anéanties par le wedelia Sphagneticola

trilobata : une mésaventure à surmonter

Nous remercions les compagnies, qui financent nos déplacements

Site d’étude implanté sur une forêt primaire composée de fougères Dicranopteris linearis

17°45'29.4"S 149°17'23.6"W

Can n e s n o b le s a n é a n ti e s p a r le we d e li a Shagneticola trilobata Cannes sarclées Girobroyage avant, et après Wedelia Cannes nobles Variété moderne 3e repousse : 45 j.

Références

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