HAL Id: hal-03117341
https://hal.parisnanterre.fr//hal-03117341
Submitted on 21 Jan 2021
HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- entific research documents, whether they are pub- lished or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers.
L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés.
Elaboration and characterization of Ni/BaTiO 3 Functionally Graded Piezoelectric Material for active
vibration control applications
Julie Cédelle, Damien Bregiroux, Johann Petit, Isabelle Bruant, Luc Davenne
To cite this version:
Julie Cédelle, Damien Bregiroux, Johann Petit, Isabelle Bruant, Luc Davenne. Elaboration and characterization of Ni/BaTiO 3 Functionally Graded Piezoelectric Material for active vibration control applications. 24th International Conference on Advanced Materials Technology, Oct 2019, Rome, Italy.
�hal-03117341�
Elaboration and characterization of Ni/BaTiO 3 Functionally Graded Piezoelectric Material for active vibration control applications
Julie Cédelle
1, Damien Bregiroux
2, Johann Petit
1, Isabelle Bruant
1, Luc Davenne
1Experimental Characterization of materials properties P(z):
Ni/BaTiO3 FGPM pellet has been elaborated by the Spark Plasma Sintering technique (Dr Sinter-Lab SPS-515S, SPS Sintex Inc.). SPS sintering consists of heating the sample very quickly while applying a uniaxial charge.
Thus, it is possible to densify the material in very short time thus limiting both grain growing and the interdiffusion of different chemical species. We propose to sinter together layers of mixture of ceramic powder/
metal with compositions ranging from 100% ceramic to 100% metal. Powders were sintered in a 15 mm diameter graphite die with a constant applied pressure of 100 MPa. The heating rate was fixed to 50°C.min-1. The cooling rate was around 100°C.min-1.
The drawbacks of these simulations are the use of a conceptual model. Does this model reflect the real behavior of FGPM?
Main topics:
- The elaboration of Ni/BaTiO
3FGPM
- The experimental characterization of material properties.
1 x 0.01 x 0.01 m3 beam Eigenfrequencies for k=0.5 :
6,6 Hz, 41,7 Hz, 116,8 Hz, 229 Hz
Length of the electrode actuator: 0.1 m
Compression test using an hydraulic Fatigue Testing System
FGPM pellet with strain gauge Intermediate
metallic parts
Hydraulic jaws
The FGPM structures are new composite, designed to achieve a functional performance with mechanical (m) and piezoelectric (p) properties that gradually evolve along the transversal direction.
Due to the piezoelectric effects, the vibrations of light-weight FGPM structures can be actively damped with a controller.
A first study is conducted to define the thermal and mechanical properties P(z). Five powder mixtures have been used and sintered (in vol.%): 100% Ni, 75% Ni/25% BaTiO3, 50% Ni/50% BaTiO3, 25%Ni/75% BaTiO3 and 100% BaTiO. Different pellets (5 mm thickness, 15 mm diameter) were obtained in order to characterize independently and model the continuous nature of a smart FGPM.
Homogenization law used for simulations: [1]
P(z): effective material properties
k: fraction index
Characterization of the Young’s Modulus: as the thickness of FGPM pellet is very low, a compression test is implemented using two very hard and stiff intermediate metallic parts in STUB steel (100Cr6). The pellet is equipped with a small strain gauge (size 5x4 mm2).
Unfortunately, the first results are not usable because of the difficulty in sticking gauges
on tiny specimens. Next tests will be conducted with larger FGPM specimens. Work is in progress…
The first results show that the coefficient k is different for each characteristic, it will probably also be different for the mechanical and piezoelectric properties. It will be interesting to study the influence of k on the quality of active control : Which microstructural parameters are connected to k? Can we optimize this coefficient k at the elaboration stage in order to obtain better active control? Work is in progress !
The simulations of the active control using LQR controller show the efficiency of this new concept [2]. Here, in the case of a release test, the vibrations are vanished in less than 10 s.
Numerical simulations of FGPM beam active control, with k=0.5:
References:
[1] Doroushi A, Eslami M and Komeili A (2011) Vibration analysis and transient response of an FGPM beam under thermo-electro-mechanical loads using higher-order shear deformation theory. Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures 22(3): 231–243 [2] Maruani J, Bruant I, Pablo F, Gallimard L (2017) A numerical efficiency study on the active vibration control for a FGPM beam, Composite structures 182: 478-486
2 LCMCP, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.
1 LEME, UPL, Université Paris Nanterre, Ville d’Avray, France.
75 vol.% BaTiO3 / 25 vol.% Ni 50 vol. % BaTiO3/ 50 vol. % Ni 25 vol.% BaTiO3/ 75 vol.% Ni
100 vol.% BaTiO3 100 vol.% Ni
Elaboration of FGPM Ni/BaTiO 3 pellet:
Ni BaTiO3
Mixture
BT 75/25 50/50 25/75 Ni
50/50
The first experimental results show on the one hand that the use of equation 1 seems to be adequate, and on the other hand that the fraction index k is not a constant value and depends on the nature of the measured property P.
The thermal conductivity was measured by the
transient plane source (TPS) technique, with a TPS 2500 Hot Disk thermal analyzer (accuracy of around 5%). The sensor is placed between two identical
samples.
Context of the study : the active vibration control of smart FGPM structures.
Conclusion and perspectives:
Vickers hardness test
Ni 75 BT/25 Ni
25 BT/75 Ni BT
Small strain gauge (size 5x4 mm2) on Ni pellet
October 21-22, 2019 Rome, Italy
(eq 1)
(eq 1)
FGM sample micrography and EDS Analysis
Hot Disk sensor with Kapton insulation
Sensor position between sample pieces.
Minimum distance from sensor to boundary surface.
Hardness is a characteristic of a material.
It is defined as the resistance to indentation, and it is
determined by measuring the permanent imprint surface of a diamond pyramid pressed against the solid with a certain normal load.
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
Volume Fraction of Ni
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Thermal Conductivity W/m.K
Thermal Conductivity along the thickness of the FGPM
numerical value with index fraction k=1.76 Experimental Value
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
Volume Fraction of Ni
5000 5500 6000 6500 7000 7500 8000 8500 9000 9500
Density kg/m3
Density along the thickness of the FGPM Numerical value with index fraction k=0.93 Experimental value
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
Volume Fraction of Ni
300 350 400 450 500 550 600
Thermal Capacity J/kg.K
Thermal Capacity along the thickness of the FGPM
Numerical value with index fraction k=0.62 Experimental value
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
Volume Fraction of Ni
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800
Vickers Hardness HV
Vickers Hardness along the thickness of the FGPM
Numerical value with index fraction k=0.72 Experimental value
V (m)(z) = 1 z h
<latexit sha1_base64="QiE40QanY5YFYgsol387tlB/QJ4=">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</latexit>
