Adaptation of Agro-IBIS model for Eucalyptus carbon budget estimation at regional level- a case study in Sao Paulo State, Brazil

Multiple environmental stresses, future climate and germination of Caatinga endemic Ce11ostig111a sp. seeds

'Embrapa Semiarido, Pctrolina, Brasil: 'Uniwrsidadc do Es/ado da Bahia, Jua:eiro, Brasil: 'U11h·ersidade Federal Rural do Semi-A°rido, Massaro, Brasil (barbara.dantas@embrapa.br; sc1111araeli:abe1hvg@.1•ahoo.co111.br: janete07@hotmail.com)

The Caatinga is predicted to be the most vulnerable Brazilian biome in a future climate scenario of global wanning and decreased rainfall. Climate projections for the region in 2100 indicate significantly honer conditions and a decrease or almost 50% in rainfall , thus worsening the water deficit in the region. Cenostigma pyramidak (Tu!.) Gagnon & G.P. Lewis and C. microphy/111111 (Man. ex G. Don) E. Gagnon & G. P. Lewis are endemic Fabaceae from the Brazilian Caatinga. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of combined envirornnental stresses (temperature x water restriction or temperature x salinity) on the germination of seeds of C. pyramidale and C. microphy/111111. Seeds were germinated at constant temperatures between I Oto 40 °C combined with osmotic potentials from Oto -1.0 MPa (in polyethylene glycol 6000 or NaCl solutions). Gennination data were then analysed using thermal, hydro and halo time models, and future gennination responses projected according to climate change scenarios predicted by IPCC (International Panel for Climate Change) and PBMC (Brazilian Panel for Climate Change). The germination thermal thresholds ranged from 5 to 55 °C. The germination base osmotic threshold (using polyethylene glycol or NaCl) were decreased in higher temperatures. According to the predictions for future climate (RCP 8.5), the reduced rainfall volime and increased temperature by 2100 will directly affect seed germination and seedling development of C. pyramida/e and C. 111icrophyllu111.

Stomata! uptake to improve air pollution mitigation in urban tree species

'University ofSeo11/, Seo11/, Republic of Korea ("'11aS3.J9@ha11111ail.net: gp/90@ncn,e,:com; wsy@uos.ac.kr; parksanghee0930@gmail.com: oxll'l@nm,e1:co111: blasterkhd9]@gmail.com)

Urban forests interact directly with air pollution abatement. local microclimate changes, pollen dispersal, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emissions. Therefore. it is necessarv tn understand the interactions or trees and air pollutants to improve air quality. The aim of the present study was to investigate the stomatal uptake, photosynthetic carbon assimilation. and stomata! physiological control in major tree species response to urban air pollution such as ozone (0.) and sulrur dioxide (S02). Trees exposed to air pollution generally showed excellent ability to absorb O, and S02 due to their abilities to improve air pollution tolerance through the positive regulation of stomata! movement. Among the main tree species used in. this study. it is resistant tn atmospheric pollutants (O, and S02) by maintaining photosynthetic ability and stomata! conductance in treatment compared to control, even though it has high ability to absorb air pollutants. This research was supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education (No; 2018RI DIAIA02044683 ).

Nitrogen (NO,·) input f

_{om rainfall in Eucalyptus salig11a plantations I Input de nitrogenio (NO) via pr<'cipif(t(;iio pluvio111etrica em}

plantariio de Eucalypws saligna

Grasiele Dick', Mauro Valdir Schumacher'. Monique Pimentel Lagemann', Claudinei Gari et'

'C11iversidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brasil (grasidick@ho1111ail.co111; 111a11ro.sc/111111acher@u/�·111.br; 111oniq11e/age111a1111@g111ail.co111; c/audi11eigarlet@gmail.co111)

A precipira,5o pluviomeirica e uma importante via de aporte dos nutrientes em plantai;oes florestais. Por meio da agua que incide sabre as :irYores, lava o dossel e escoa pelo tronco, muitos nutrientes sao carreauns ate o solo, ou sa,> absorviclos diretamente pelas folhas. Neste estudo avaliamos a entrada de nitrog.:nio via precipitai;iio pluviometrica incidente e precipitai;iio interna em uma plama,iio de Euca�iptus saligna. cultivada na regiao central do bioma Pampa, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. 0 monitoramento ocorreu durante o ano de 2012, onde o volume ue precipitai;ao medio J"oi de 1.224,7 mm. Atraves da precipitac;iio pluviometrica houve a entrada de 2,25 kg ha·1 _ano·1 _{de nitrogenio (NO;) e. ap6s a agua passar pelo dossel, a quantidade foi de 3,98 kg ha·}1 _{ano·1• Ou seja. com} a lavagem das copas das arvores houve aumento de 76.8% na quantidade de nitrogenio depositada no interior da plantai;ao. Considerando este valor anual. para um ciclo de carte das arvores ap6s sete anos de cultivo, a precipitai;ao interna representa mais de 25 kg ha·1 _{nitrog�nio (NO;). Visando a reuuc;ao de impactos} ambientais decorrentes da contaminai;ao hidrica e edafica, causada pelo excesso de nitrogenio, alem de economia de recursos financeiros, esia quantidade dever:i ser reduzida Ja aplicai;Jo via fertilizante mineral. 0 nirrato e preferencialmenie absorvido pelas arvores e, este esrud,> evidencia a impot1anie contribuii;iio da precipitai;ao pluviometrica na nutri,iio florestal. Ressaltamos que, alem Jo fomecimento ueste elemento as plantai;6es florestais. tambem ha possibilidade de redu,iio de custos e impactos ambientais.

Adaptation of Agro-IBIS model for Eucalyptus carbon budget estimation at regional level- a case study in Sao Paulo State, Brazil

Osrnldo Cabra/8, Jea11-Pa11/ Lac/auu6 _{•• Warcelo Ca/dos', Rubens Aug11sto Camwgo Lamparelli', Jair Bortvlucci'. Bmno Pereira'. Guerric le Maire}1_·5·1 'Universidade de C.1111pinas. Ca111pi11as, Bras,!; 'Embmpa Cima Temperado. Campinas. Brasil; 3C!R4D. UMR Eco&Sols. Montpellie1: France: 'Eco&Sols. U11iv ,\../ontpellie1: CIRAD. INR�. !RD, 1\/ontpellier, France; 'Esco/a Superior de Agricultura "'Lui: de Queiro: ". Universidade de Siio Paulo, Piracicaba, Brasil; 6Unirersidade Estadua/ Pa11/isra "J1ilio de Mesquita Filhv "', Bowcaru. Brasil; ·unil·crsidade Federal de San/a Catarina, C11ritiba11vs Brasil; 'Embmpa .\/eio Ambient e. Jag11ari1i11a. Bras,/: ''/11st1tute for Climate and Atmospheric Science. Sdwol oj"Earth and E11v1ro11111ent. Uni,·ersi�v of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom (miclu.dcolmanettii_{fygmail. com; scmtiago. cnadrai?'embrapa. br: ahmedat ia80(iJgmai/. cvm; ) ·arm.1wuve//on(ij;ciradfr:}

JOa1111es.gml/emot?cirad.fr: ota\'io.campoer_{!J).ufsc.br: osraldo.cahra/i}i_{}Jemhrapa.br; jean-pa11/.lacl,111rflcir<1,!Ji·; mvgaldos@gmail.com:}

/ampare/·?{,1111icamp.br; jairbortolucci(@./101111ail.com: :elnrallacei(Vgmai/.cnm: g11erric.le _rnaire(f!}.cin1d_fr)

Highly productive fast-gn.J,ving Euca�rprus plantations t.:ovcr more than 5 million hcch1.rcs in Brazil and t:xhibit vcry dynamic carbon fluxes throughout their 6-7 year rotatinns. These plantations quickly shili from C sources at the beginning of the roiation io large C sinks until harvest. In order to get a model simulating carbon pool and fluxes for both £11cahpt11s plantations and other crops. we integrated several sub-models of the £11ca(vpt11s-dedicated Genenc

Decomposition And Yield Moue! (G"DAY) into the large scale and multi-cover model Agro-IBIS (Integrated Biosphere Simulator). The G'DAY model was

Pesq..flo1: hras., Colombo, v. 39. e20!9020"3. Special issue. p. 1-768. 2019

255

256 XXV I U F RO World Congress Forest Research and Cooperation for Sustainable Development

previously parametrized and validatecl using large experimental datasets obtainecl in commercial eucalypt plantations in the state of Sao Paulo. Implementing

an

plantation cover type within Agro!BIS. which had no Plant Functional Type dedicated to fast-growing forest plantations, required important

changes in the carbon allocation turnover sub

-

mod

e

l

s

.

This study included three phases

:

( I ) the cnmputational modification of Agrol BIS; (2) the moJel

parametrization, calibration and validation using data fromintensively monitored sites or inventories datasets; and (3 ) moclel application at regional scaleusing

sets of parameters which were considered lo he constant in space and

/

o

r time based on data from the local experiments, and other sets of parameters which could

vary spatia

l

l

y

.

Carbon fluxes of

plantations were simulated at the regional scale, and their inter-annual and spatial variabilities were analysed. Such

spatial and multiannual quantitkati,n1 of carbon fluxesat large scalesbrings a better understanding of these forest ecosystems on global carbon cvcling. ll'hich

is a prerequisite to support policy decisions.

Shoot water potential of saxaul trees Haloxy/011 ammodendron (CA.Mey.) Bunge from two distinctive populations of Mongolia

1/nstirute c,(

Geography and Ceoecology, .\./ongo!ian Academy o_(Scie11ces. Ulaa11baara1; Mongolia; 'Laborato1y a_( Forest Generics and Ecophysiology. Dr:parr111e111 of Environmenr and Foresr Engineering, National University of Jfongolia, Ulaanbaata,: Mongolia (cnkhii_s111ile@yahoo.co111:

nbarkh11u@g111ail.com)

Haloxv!on a111111odendron

(C.A. Mey) Bunge, Amaranthacaeae (saxaul) is grows in the desert and semi-desert regions of Mongolia fonning southern Saxaul

forests. This species is of great ecological and economic importance, not only because it can sur

ive in harsh environmental conditions but also because it can

reduce wind erosion and sand movement. The objectives of this study were to determine the water potential of assimilation shoot of Saxaul trees of natural

stands.This study was conducted in the two distinctive population differing geographical location, vegetation and climate condition. The BZ population,

Bayanzag (I 03

_{42' E,44}

_{05'N, I , I 00 m, asl) is situated in the southern part of Mongolia, Umnugobi province and DU poluation, Dulaan uul (44}

_{I 2'N, I J0}

_{0 l 'E,}

700- 1 ,OOO m. asl ) is located in the southeastem part of Mongolia, Domogobi province. Shoot water potential were measured using a Pressure Chamber (Model

1 505DPMS lnstrnment Company, U.S.A. ) following the method of Scholander. The assimilation shoot water potential was measured in trees differing in their

age classes, mature tree (200 :S cm), young tree (80 - 200 cm) and juvenile (:S 80 cm) according to their stem height classes. Generally, trees BZ population trend

to have higher water potential at predawn, while DU population had higher in midday. According to measurement of water potential the young and juvenile trees

are more subjected water stress than that of mature trees, which shows their adaptation perfom1ance in drought conditions.

Nitrogen and snlfur deposition by rainfall and throughfall in

L. in Southern Brazil

Mauro Viddir Sch11111acher1_{, Grasiele Dick'}

'Universidade Federal de Sama Maria, Santa Maria. Brasil (111a11ro.sch11111acher@ufs111.br: grasidick@hot111ail.co111)

Soil fenility in areas planted with Pinus taeda is closely associated with nutrient inprn by atmospheric deposition, mainly with rainfall and throughfolL The

objective of the prese111 study is to quantify the input 01· nitrogen-NOi and sulfur-SO," in Pinus taeda stancl, in Cambara do Sul. Southern Brazil. For the

quantification and sampling of water from rainfall, three funnels surrounded by a bird ring were installecl. In order to evaluate the throughfall, nine funnels were

installed. Sampling was biweekly for a period of four years. Arter the samples were filtered and analyzed for -NO; and S-SO/. Tl1e average wtal annual

rainfall and through fall was 208 1 . 5 mm and I 280 mm, respectively. Rainfall added 2. 70 kg ha·

_year

_{and 4.97 kg ha·}

_year

_{of N-NO,- ancl S-SO/. respectively.}

The amounts added by throughfall were 2.8 1 kg ha·

_year

_{of N-NO,· and 6.}

_{53 kg ha·}

_yeac

_{of S-SO/. The S-SO/ presented an increase ,1f 28% in the value}

of its quantity. afkr ihe imeraction with the canopy of the trees.

Nitrogen return to soil by litterfall in Semidecidual Seasonal Forest and Pinus taeda

Mauro Va/dir Schumacher'. Grasiele Did', _\;/011iq11c lagc111a11111_{, Claudinei Car/et'}

'Universidade Federal de Santa Maria. Sama Maria, Brasil (111a11ro.schu111acher@11fs111.br; grasidick@hot111ail.co111: 111onique!agema1111@g111ail.co111; c/audi11eigarlet@g111ail.co111)

The dynamics of litter and nutrients is essential to maintaining the productive capacity or native forests and commercial plantations with tree species. The

objective of the present study is to characterize the return of total nitrogen, via litterfall, in a semideciduous seasonal forest and a

stands, in Quedas

cl,1 lgua,u. Parana. Brazil. In each ecosystem three plots or 2 I m x 20 m were demarcated. in which four traps with I m' of area were systematicallv distributed

10 quantify the litterfall. The amount or linerfall in native forest and pinus stands is 7. 76 and 7

.

I 5 mg ha·

_year

_{respective Iv. In the native forest the amoum}

of N was 1 4 7. 19 kg ha·

_year

_1,

_{about I 9 I .3�'i, higher than the value found in pin us. which presents 50.53 kg ha·}

_year

_{This difference in the values obtained is}

explained by the presence or legume species in the native forest, which bv svmbiosis wiih bacteria or the genus Rhizobium. can fix the atmospheric nitrogen

and increase the values of ihis element in its b

iom

ass

.

Litterfall is the most important source of nitrogen return to the soil.

Using process-based modelling to better understand the impact of mineral (N, P, K) cycles and climate change on stand growth and

resource-use in Eucalypt plantations

Ivan Corn 1111, Nicolas De!pierre1. Otavio Campoeu, Joannes Gui!/e111011•5·'. Jean-Paul lac/cnr' 5. Louis ;\,Jaresdu,!'·5• Yann No11vellon1 '. JosJ-I.uic Slape' '.

Gnerric le 1\/aire' 5 �

'Eco!ogie Syste111atiq11e Em/111io11, L'niversire Paris-Sud. CXRS, AgrvParisTec/1, L'nirersire Paris-Sac/ay, Orsay, France; 'Uni\·ersidade Es1e1dua/ Paulis/a

"J1iliv de Mesquita Fi/ho ··. Borucaru, Brasil; 5_{L'niversidade Federal de Santa Cararina. C11riuba11os, Brasil: 'UMR Ecv&Sols, CIRAD . . \.fv11tpellie1; France;}

5_{Eco&Sols. Univ Mo111pellie1: C!RAD, /NRA, !RD. 1\/0111pel/ie1: France: "Esco/a S11perior de Agric11/t11ra "l11ic de Queiroc ··, L'ni,•ersidade de Siio Pa11/o,}

Piracicaha Brasil; 'S,cano Pulp and Pape,: S1canv, Brasil; 'Uuil·ersidade Estw/110! de Ca111pi11as, Ca111pi11as, Brasil (im11.con1111@u -psudfr_{: 11ico/as.}

dt!lpierretcj;.u-psudfr; o1aviu.campoe@1!fsc.br;joannes.guillemul§c1radji·: lac/au([i}ciradfr: lnuis.mareschal@ciradfr: ym111.nuuvellvn,gcinulfr;

stapergsu�ono.com.br; g11erric.le _maireii:_?,ci_rad.fr)

In aclclition to \\·ood prot.luction services. forest ecosystems play an imporlant role in the mitigation of anthropogenic climate change. However ihe role of

for�sts as future C sinks is being discussed since there is incre;:ising evidenct: of o progressivt: shift Crom carbon-limited growth to nutrient-limited growth as

de111onstrn1ecl in FACE experiments. The clevelopment of mechanistk models. including the main nutrient balance and their relationship with the carbon anJ

water balances. is necessary to evaluate the future response of forests 10 climate change. In this contribution. we present the first _joint evaluation ,if a coupled

C-water-, -P-K m,1del on a large number of hiogeochemical measurements collected in fast-growmg eucalvptus plantations 111 Brazil along entire rotations,

inclut.ling trials with variable Je,·els of fertilisation ancl water availability. We have first adapted the CASTANEA ecophysiological model. primarily clesignecl for