• Aucun résultat trouvé

L'Inde et l'impératif théâtral

N/A
N/A
Protected

Academic year: 2021

Partager "L'Inde et l'impératif théâtral"

Copied!
28
0
0

Texte intégral

(1)

!

L’Inde et l’impératif théâtral

"#$%

!

&

'()'*

+&

,-.,(

!

École pratique des hautes études, Ve section,

UMR 7528 Mondes iranien et indien

/!012r4215! 6%! 789:7r%!;!<=! 5$7%rr1>%! 05%rr%! "%>%$dr%@! /!A7! dBCD1rd=! E12r4215! F%77%! 42%G751$!;! ,$! E%27! ECr75r! d%! 6H=! d%! l’énigme d’un

impératif théâtral! dC$G! 6B%GEIF%! 82JC5$%! K! F%! 42%! L1#F%! CEE%6C57! 6C!

M(9F%GG579N!<!O&C$GC7+&12d1$=!PQQR!S!TU@! V2%6G! 42%! G15%$7! 6%G! J1d%G! dB5$FCr$C751$! d2! 789:7r%=! 56G! $B1$7! 65%2! dBW7r%=! %$! %XX%7=! dC$G! 6%2r! d5Y%rG579! JWJ%=! 42B%$! F%! 42B56G! r9E1$d%$7! H! 2$%! %Z5>%$F%! 1$7161>542%! %7! G1F5C6%=! Er1Er%! H! 6C! Er%G42%! 717C6579! d%G! F2672r%G!82JC5$%G!O6BCDG%$F%!d%!789:7r%!$B97C$7=!G%JD6%+7+56=!r5%$!d%!E62G! 42%!6B5$7%rd57!d2!789:7r%U@!'5$G5!42B1DG%rY%!L1#F%=!dC$G!6%!7%Z7%!C242%6! 05%rr%!"%>%$dr%!XC57!r9X9r%$F%!S!! )5!Y12G!J%!d%JC$d%[!F1JJ%$7!$C\7!6%!drCJ%=!12!42%66%!%$!%G7!6C!$9F%GG579=! ]%!r9E1$dG!7127!G5JE6%J%$7!6C!(9F%GG579@!^B%G7!2$!G5JE6%!5$G75$F7!C$5JC6!CE+ E65429! H! 6B%GEr57_! "%! drCJ%! ]C56657! GE1$7C$9J%$7! d%! 6C! Y5%! OL1#F%=! `abP!S! aP`+aPPU@! T6! $%! GBC>57! d1$F! ECG! G%26%J%$7! d%! 6B5JE9rC75X! 789:7rC6=! JC5G! d%! l’énigme!d%!6B5JE9rC75X!789:7rC6@!^Cr!6%!789:7r%!%G7=!d%!712G!6%G!1D]%7G!d2! J1$d%=!6B2$!d%G!E62G!d5XX5F56%G!H!GC5G5r=!F1JEr%$dr%=!d9Fr5r%=!2$!1D]%7!425! G%!d9r1D%!C27C$7!42B56!GB1XXr%@!"C!rC5G1$!%$!%G7=!E%27+W7r%=!42B56!#!C!2$%! J97CE8#G542%! d2! 789:7r%=!425!6%! G572%!9>C6%J%$7! dC$G!6%! F5%6! d%G! 5d9%G@! (12G!#!r%Y5%$dr1$G@!

I. Pour une histoire du théâtre indien

(2)

`gg! Théâtres d’Asie et d’Orient. Traditions, rencontres, métissages O)F8hCD=!`aiQ!S!gRU!K!6C!d9F12Y%r7%!d%!6BT$d%!G%!F1$X1$d!CY%F!F%66%!d%! G1$!789:7r%!O&C$GC7+&12d1$=!PQQg!S!jT+jTjU@! 0Cr6%r! d2! 789:7r%! d%! 6BT$d%=! FB%G7! ECr6%r! d2! 789:7r%! %$! Er%$C$7! 2$%! d5G7C$F%!XCY1rCD6%!H!6C!r9X6%Z51$=!FCr!6B%ZCJ%$!d2!789:7r%!5$d5%$=!%ZCJ%$! 425! 5JE6542%! F%625! d%G! GF89JCG! d%! E%$G9%! 425! 6%! G12G+7%$d%$7=! 1XXr%! 6B1FFCG51$! d%! d%GG%rr%r! $17r%! Er1Er%! J1dI6%! d%! r%Er9G%$7C751$G=! F1$7r5+ D2C$7!ECr!6H=!E%27+W7r%=!H!6%!r%$dr%!E62G!65G5D6%@! "%!789:7r%!1FF5d%$7C6!$BC!ECG!d%!J#78%!dB1r5>5$%=!G5$1$!6C!XCD6%!r%6C+ 75Y%J%$7! 1DGF2r%! CGG1F59%! H! 6C! $C5GGC$F%! d%! 6C! 7rC>9d5%=! %7! Er%G42%! %$75Ir%J%$7!F1$7%$2%!dC$G!G1$!97#J161>5%!S!6%!/!F8C$7!d2!D12F!<@!*127! C2!E62G!6%!$1J!G5>$C6%+7+56!2$%!1r5>5$%!r572%66%!d2!789:7r%=!425!G%!r%7r12Y%! dC$G! 6BCXX5rJC751$! dB'r5G717%`! G%61$! 6C42%66%! 6%! 789:7r%! G%rC57! 5GG2! d2! d578#rCJD%=! F8C$7! F81rC6! %$! 6B81$$%2r! d%! .51$#G1G@! ,$! C! E2! 1DG%rY%r! 42%!d%2Z!7rC57G!Er9d%G75$C5%$7!6%!d578#rCJD%!H!GC!789:7rC65GC751$!S!dB2$%! ECr7=! 6C! E%rG1$$C6579! X5F75Y%! %7! 2$542%! d2! F8e2r=! %$d1GG9%! ECr! 6%G! F5$+ 42C$7%! F81r%27%G! r%Er9G%$7C$7! 6C! 7r12E%! d%G! F1JEC>$1$G! d%! .51$#G1G=! %G7!2$!969J%$7!J5J97542%!k!dBC27r%!ECr7=!6%!EC7897542%!d1$7!%G7!%JEr%5$7! 6%!d578#rCJD%!C$$1$F%!6%!r%>5G7r%!7rC>542%@!'5$G5=!dC$G!6C!lrIF%!C$7542%=! 6%!789:7r%!$C\7+56!CY%F!6C!7rC>9d5%=!F1JJ%!2$%!X1rJ%!ECr75F265Ir%!d2!F267%! d51$#G5C42%@!!

"1rG42B56! CEECrC\7=! dC$G! 6C! G%F1$d%! J15759! d2!mT%!G5IF6%! CYC$7! $17r%! Ir%=!56!%G7!6%!d%r$5%r+$9!d%G!>%$r%G!65779rC5r%G=!G2FF9dC$7!H!6C!6#r542%!%7!H! 6B9E1E9%!425!625!G1$7!2$!YCG7%!r9G%rY15r!d%!G2]%7G@!)C!Er5$F5EC6%!FCrCF79+ r5G7542%!%G7!dBW7r%!2$%!/!CF751$!<!OG%$G!Er%J5%r!d2!Y1FCD6%!>r%F!dramaU=! 425!5J57%!%7!5$FCr$%!2$!r9F57=!%7!$1$!E62G!F%!G%26!r9F57@!! *%66%!%G7!GC$G!d127%!6C!rC5G1$!d%!6C!J5G%!%$!E6CF%!7Crd5Y%!d2!789:7r%=! d2! J15$G! d2! 789:7r%! F1JJ%! >%$r%! 65779rC5r%@! .%! JWJ%=! %$! T$d%=! $BCEECrC\7+56!F1JJ%!>%$r%!F1$G75729!42BCErIG!6B9E1E9%@!"%!ECGGC>%!d%!6C!

diègèsis! H! 6C! mimèsis! $%! GB%G7! XC57=! G%JD6%+7+56=! 42BC2! Er5Z! dB2$! rCXX5+

$%J%$7! F1$F%E72%6! %7! G%$G5D6%! 425! C! r%425G! 6%! 7rCYC56! d2! 7%JEG! %7! 2$%! Er1X1$d%! J27C751$! d%G! J%$7C6579G@! ,$! E%27! 5JC>5$%r=! %$! %XX%7=! 42%! F%r7C5$G! C5%$7! E2! GB#! r%X2G%r=! F1JJ%! 6B5662G7r%! F%! ECGGC>%! d%! La Quête

d’Averroës=! 1n! GB%ZEr5J%! 6B5$F1JEr98%$G51$! d%! 6B5G6CJ! d%YC$7! F%7!

97rC$>%!GE%F7CF6%!d1$7!'D126oCGG5J=!G1$!GE%F7C7%2r=!$%!GC57!ECG!42B56!%G7! d2!/!789:7r%!<!O&1r>%G=!L’Aleph=!`acc!S!`PR+`PiU!S!!

K!TJC>5$1$G!42%!42%642B2$!X5>2r%!2$%!85G715r%!C2!65%2!d%!6C!rCF1$7%r@!)2EE1+ G1$G! 42B56! GBC>5GG%! d%! 6B85G715r%! d%G! .1rJC$7G! dBpE8IG%@! (12G! 6%G! Y1#1$G! C61rG! G%! r%75r%r! dC$G! 6C! FCY%r$%=! $12G! 6%G! Y1#1$G! d1rJ5r! CY%F! 6%G! #%2Z! 12+ Y%r7G=! $12G! 6%G! Y1#1$G! r9Y%5669G! C2! D127! d%! 7r15G! F%$7! $%2X! C$G=! d1$$%r! C2! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

(3)

L’Inde et l’impératif théâtral `gc

F1JJ%rqC$7! 2$%! J1$$C5%! C$7542%=! G%! r9Y%566%r! C2! ECrCd5G=! $12G! 6%G! Y1#1$G! G%!r9Y%566%r!CY%F!6%2r!F85%$@!^B%G7!2$!GE%F7CF6%!d%!F%!>%$r%!42%!$12G!J1$+ 7rIr%$7!F%!G15r+6H!6%G!>%$G!d%!6C!7%rrCGG%@!

K!^%G!E%rG1$$%G!ECr6C5%$7+%66%G!;!d%JC$dC!rCrCF8@!

K!&5%$! Gsr=! %66%G! ECr6C5%$7=! d57! 'D126oCGG5J@! t_u! A66%G! ECr6C5%$7! %7! F8C$+ 7C5%$7!%7!d5GF12rC5%$7@! K!.C$G!F%!FCG=!F1$F627!rCrCF8=!56!$B97C57!ECG!D%G15$!d%!Y5$>7!E%rG1$$%G@!-$! G%26!$CrrC7%2r!E%27!rCF1$7%r!$B5JE1r7%!4215=!42%66%!42B%$!G157!6C!F1JE6%Z579@! "C! 61$>2%! 85G715r%! d2! 789:7r%! 1FF5d%$7C6! F1JJ%$F%! J1d%G7%J%$7=! CY%F!6B5$7r1d2F751$!dB2$!G%F1$d!E25G!dB2$!7r15G5IJ%!CF7%2r!C2Z!Fv79G!d2! Er17C>1$5G7%!2$542%!42%!*8%GE5G!CYC57=!6%!Er%J5%r=!CGG1F59!C2!F8e2r!d2! d578#rCJD%P@! "C! r%GG12rF%! d2! d%2Z5IJ%! CF7%2r! %G7! 2$%! 5$$1YC751$!

dBAGF8#6%@! A66%! 7rC$GX1rJ%! 6C! 7rC>9d5%! d%! *8%GE5G=! 6#r542%=! GC$G! d5C+ 61>2%G=!425!rCF1$7C57!6BCF751$!GC$G!6C!XC5r%=!%$!2$!/!drCJ%!<!Y9r57CD6%=!425! G%!d17%=!d%!G2rFr1\7=!dB2$!JI7r%!Er1F8%!d%!6C!F1$Y%rGC751$!1rd5$C5r%=!6%! 7r5JI7r%! 5CJD542%@! V2C$d! )1E81F6%=! 6%! ]%2$%! r5YC6! dBAGF8#6%=! E1r7%! H! 7r15G!6%!$1JDr%!d%!G%G!5$7%rErI7%G=!56!d1$$%!H!G%G!7rC>9d5%G!7127!6%!J12+ Y%J%$7!d%!6C!Y5%=!G1265>$9!ECr!6C!E62G!>rC$d%!X625d579!d%G!%$7r9%G!%7!d%G! G1r75%G=! %7! 5$7r1d257! d%G! E%rG1$$C>%G! %$! d%J5+7%5$7%G! OTGJI$%=! ^8r#G1789J5GU!d1$7!G%!7r12Y%!CY5Y9!6B9F6C7!d2!89r1G@!!

m156H! E1G9%! 2$%! Y9r579! >9$9rC6%!S! 42%! 6%! drCJ%! F1JJ%$F%! CY%F! 6BCF7%2r! %7! G1$! rv6%@! TF5=! 56! %G7! 5$79r%GGC$7! d%! $17%r! 2$! ECrC66I6%! CY%F! 6%! 789:7r%! 5$d5%$!S! C2! 7%rJ%! d2! p!rvara"gaw=! F%G! 61$>G! Er965J5$C5r%G! H! 6C! r%Er9G%$7C751$!425!r%6IY%$7!E12r!ECr75%!d2!r572%6!%7!E12r!ECr75%!d2!789:7r%=! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! P ! "C! 7rCd5751$! 625! d1$$%! 425$[%! Er9F2rG%2rG=! d1$7! AE5>9$IG! d%! )5F#1$%! %G7! 6%! G%26! H! CY15r!6C5GG9!2$!$1J@!! w! (17%!G2r!6C!Er1$1$F5C751$!d2!GC$Gor57!S!6%!GC$Gor57!1EE1G%!6%G!Y1#%66%G!DrIY%G!Oa=!i=!uU!

(4)

`gb! Théâtres d’Asie et d’Orient. Traditions, rencontres, métissages

6B9E5G1d%! d2! trigata=! 6C! /!7r5E6%! tG942%$F%=! 12! F1$Y%rGC751$u!<=! %G7! 6B5$d5F%! 6%! E62G! JC$5X%G7%! d%! 6C! 789:7rC6579! 42%! 6%! Er161>2%! H! 6C! X5F751$! drCJC7542%! 5$G7C66%! C2GG57v7! CErIG! F%G! Er1dr1J%G! O&C$GC7+&12d1$=! `aaP!S!gc+bQU@!^B%G7!dC$G!6%!trigata!42%!ECrC5GG%$7!E12r!6C!Er%J5Ir%!X15G! 7r15G!Er17C>1$5G7%G=!6%!d5r%F7%2r!d%!6C!7r12E%=!12!s!tradh#ra=!%7!G%G!d%2Z! CGG5G7C$7G=!425!G1$7!d9]H!d%G!CF7%2rG!dC$G!6C!J%G2r%!1n!6B2$!d%G!CGG5G7C$7G! Er%$d!6BCEECr%$F%!d2!&12XX1$=!6%!vid!(aka@!T6G!1$7!%$G%JD6%!2$%!F1$Y%r+ GC751$! OsañjalpaU=! 425! C$$1$F%! 6%! d5C61>2%! drCJC7542%! Er1Er%J%$7! d57=! E25G42%! 6%! s!tradh#ra! %7! 6B2$! d%! G%G! CGG5G7C$7G! G1$7! 6%G! E%rG1$$C>%G! 1D65>9G!d2!Er161>2%@!!

x%Er%$1$G!6%!X56!d%!6B85G715r%!d2!789:7r%!1FF5d%$7C6=!425!$%!YC!ECG!GC$G! d%! 61$>2%G! 9F65EG%G@! A$! 6B%GECF%! dB2$!G5IF6%! O6%!m%! CYC$7! $17r%! Ir%U=! 6C! 7rC>9d5%!CFFId%!H!6C!E6%5$%!E1GG%GG51$!d%!G%G!J1#%$G!%7!d9>9$Ir%@!V2C$d! 'r5G717%=!dC$G!GC!Poétique!OwwQU=!97CD657!6C!7891r5%!d%!6C!7rC>9d5%=!712G!6%G! >rC$dG! E1I7%G! 7rC>542%G! 1$7! d5GECr2@! .C$G! 6C! G%F1$d%! J15759! d2! Tm%!G5IF6%=! 6%! 789:7r%! >r%F! ]%77%! G%G! d%r$5%rG! X%2Z! CY%F! 6%G! F1J9d5%G! d%! M9$C$dr%@! T6! XC27! C77%$dr%! 6%! 789:7r%! 6C75$! E12r! 42%! 42%642%! F81G%! r%+ F1JJ%$F%=!%$!7127!FCG!2$!789:7r%!d%!7%Z7%@!T6!$B%G7!dBCD1rd!42%!6C!7rC$G+ E1G5751$! 6C75$%! d%! J1dI6%G! >r%FG=! %7! F%=! ECr! 2$! CXXrC$F85! >r%F=! "5Y52G! '$dr1$5F2G=!d1$7!6C!Er%J5Ir%!E5IF%!%G7!d1$$9%!%$!PRQ!CYC$7!L@+^@!T6!XC27! C77%$dr%!H!$12Y%C2!E12r!42%!6%!789:7r%!6C75$!G%!d17%!dBe2Yr%G!1r5>5$C6%G! CY%F!6%G!F1J9d5%G!d%!06C27%!%7!d%!*9r%$F%!OTT%!G5IF6%!CYC$7!L@+^@U=!$9C$+

(5)

L’Inde et l’impératif théâtral `ga

6%! 79J15>$C>%! 7Crd5X! Om%! %7!mTT%!G5IF6%GU! dB1DG%rYC7%2rG! 97rC$>%rG=! %$!

6B1FF2rr%$F%!d%G!EI6%r5$G!F85$15G=!d1$7!1$!F1$$C\7!6C!dC7%!ECr!d%G!G12rF%G! %Z79r5%2r%G@!(12G!$12G!%$!G1JJ%G!%ZE65429%!C566%2rG=!%$!E1GC$7!6C!7r5E6%! 42%G751$! d%G! rCEE1r7G! d%G! 789:7r%G! Er1XC$%! %7! r%65>5%2Z=! E1E26C5r%! %7! GCYC$7=! D12dd8542%! %7! 85$d12@! (12G! $12G! D1r$%r1$G! H! d5r%! 5F5! 42%! 6%! 789:7r%! D12dd8542%! d%G! 1r5>5$%G! K! F%G! Er%J5%rG! GE9F5J%$G! d2! drCJ%! 5$d5%$!42%!G1$7!6%G!XrC>J%$7G!d%!6Be2Yr%!dB'!YC>81"C!OTT%!G5IF6%U!K!%G7! 5$G%$G5D6%J%$7! 9Y5$F9! d%! 6C! GFI$%! 5$d5%$$%! ECr! 6B1r781d1Z5%! DrC8JC+ $542%!425!5JE1G%!G1$!G#G7IJ%!d%!r%Er9G%$7C751$G=!dC$G!6%!JWJ%!7%JEG! 42B%66%!d1$$%!C2!789:7r%!Er1XC$%!%7!GCYC$7!6%!ECG!G2r!6%!789:7r%!r%65>5%2Z! %7!E1E26C5r%!O&C$GC7+&12d1$=!PQQg!S!jjmTT+jjj=!%7!PQQc!S!wi+c`U@!!

(6)

`cQ! Théâtres d’Asie et d’Orient. Traditions, rencontres, métissages

ECr75%@! *127%X15G=! $12G! CY1$G! E2! J1$7r%r! 42B2$! CGE%F7! d2! J#78%! d%! 02r#rCYCG! %7! -rYC!$=! F1$$2! d2! G%26! N#&ya)#stra=! 6%! Traité du théâtre! OG12rF%!425=!H!$17r%!F1$$C5GGC$F%=!$BC!]CJC5G!979!r%6%Y9%U=!E12YC57!]12%r! %$!XCY%2r!d%!6B8#E178IG%!d%G!8#J$%G!d5C61>29G@!T6!$B%G7!ECG!5$d5XX9r%$7=! %$!%XX%7=!42%!6%!F12E6%!X1rJ9!ECr!02r#rCYCG!%7!-rYC!$!G157!F1JJ2$!H!2$! 8#J$%!d5C61>29!d2!R%gveda!Oj!aiU!%7!C2!789:7r%!625+JWJ%@!M97CE81r%=! dC$G! 6B8#J$%! Y9d542%=! d2! X%2! %7! d%! 6B1D6C751$=! 6%! J1r7%6! %7! 6C! $#JE8%! G1$7! C2GG5=! dC$G! 6%! N#&ya)#stra=! 6%! F12E6%! X1$dC7%2r! d2! 789:7r%! F1JJ%! Cr7!82JC5$=!E25G42%!FB%G7!-rYC!$=!CF7r5F%!F8%[!6%G!d5%2Z=!425!5$7r1d25G57! 6%!789:7r%!H!6C!F12r!d%!G1$!r1#C6!CJC$7!%$!6B%$G%5>$C$7!C2Z!X%JJ%G!d2! >#$9F9%R@!.%!JWJ%!$B%G7+56!ECG!5$d5XX9r%$7!42%!6%!J#78%!C57!979!r927565G9!

C2!789:7r%=!CY%F!6C!E5IF%!d%!}%65d%GC=!Urva)$ conquise par la vaillance! OVikramorva)i&U=! dC$G! 6C42%66%! 6C! $#JE8%! -rYC!$! C! F1$G%rY9! 6%! G7C727! dBCF7r5F%!425!97C57!6%!G5%$!dC$G!6%!N#&ya)#stra@! T6!%G7!YrC5=!6C!7rCd5751$!5$d5%$$%!d1$$%=!%66%!C2GG5=!2$%!1r5>5$%!Y9d542%! C2!789:7r%!5$d5%$=!JC5G!%66%!625!F1$XIr%!2$%!712r$2r%!J#78542%!425!5$X69+ F857!6%!E15$7!d%!Y2%!G2r!6C!42%G751$@!A$!%XX%7=!dC$G!6%!J#78%!975161>542%! 42B%ZE1G%!6%!N#&ya)#stra=!F%!$B%G7!ECG!d%!7%6!969J%$7!XCF72%6!d2!F1rE2G! 12!d2!r572%6!Y9d542%!42%!d9r5Y%!6%!789:7r%=!JC5G!d%!6C!717C6579!d%!6C!JC+ 75Ir%!Y9d542%=!F1$G757275Y%!d%!6C!G2DG7C$F%!drCJC7542%!S!

T6! t&rC8J%u! Er57! 6%! 7%Z7%! Op#&hyaU! C2! R%gveda=! C2Z! M961d5%G! t5@%@=! C2! S#mavedau! 6%! F8C$7! Og$taU=! C2! Yajurveda! 6%G! r%>5G7r%G! d%! ]%2! OabhinayaU! %7! 6%G!)CY%2rG!OrasaU!H!6B,tharva-a!625+JWJ%i@! ^B%G7!H!F%!757r%!42%!6%!789:7r%!$12Y%66%J%$7!Fr99!ECr!&rC8J%!CFFId%! C2!G7C727!d%!F5$425IJ%!m%dC=!%7!J9r57%!G1$!$1J!F1JE6%7!d%!n#&yaveda=! /!m%dC! d2! 789:7r%!<! K! FB%G7+H+d5r%=! G%61$! 6BC$C6#G%! 42%! 6B1$! XC57! d2! F1JE1G9=! 6%! /!m%dC! drCJC7542%!<=! C#C$7! 6%! 789:7r%! E12r! 1D]%7=! 12! 6%! /!m%dC!42B%G7!6%!789:7r%!<=!dC$G!6C!J%G2r%!1n!56!5$G7r257!C27C$7!%7!J5%2Z! 42%!6%!m%dC!625+JWJ%@!! ^%r7%G=! 56! GBC>57! 6H! dB2$! J#78%=! C2! X1$F751$$%J%$7! G#JD16542%@! T6! $B%$!%G7!ECG!J15$G!r5F8%!dB%$G%5>$%J%$7G!G2r!6%!G#G7IJ%!d%!E%$G9%!425! 6BC! Er1d257=! F%! 42%! XC57! YC615r! 6BAbhinavabh#rati&=! 6%! 7rIG! G9r5%2Z! %7! 7rIG! CEEr1X1$d5! F1JJ%$7C5r%! 42B'D85$CYC>2E7C! Oj%+jT%!G5IF6%U=! %Z9>I7%! d2!

N#&ya)#stra=! F1$GCFr%! H! F%! ECGGC>%! d2! 7rC579! O&C$GC7+&12d1$=! `aaRFU@!

.%!JWJ%!GC57+1$!42%!6C!$1751$!d%!/!F5$425IJ%!m%dC!<!%G7!2$!topos!425! GBCEE6542%! C2Z! >rC$d%G! e2Yr%G! d%! 6C! 65779rC72r%! E12r! %$! %ZC67%r! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

R!

N#&ya)#stra! jjjmTT! a+`Q! O(C>C[=! `ab`+`abRU=! 7rCd257! dC$G! &C$GC7+&12d1$=! PQQR!S!bQ+b`@!m15r!9>C6%J%$7!&C$GC7+&12d1$=!`aai!S!`Pg@!!

i! N#&ya)#stra! T! `c!S! jagr#ha p#&hyam r%gved#t s#mabhyo g$tam eva ca/ yajurved#d

(7)

L’Inde et l’impératif théâtral `c`

6B5JE1r7C$F%! K! C5$G5! 6%! Mah#bh#rata@! ,$! 1DG%rY%! F%E%$dC$7! 42%! 6C! d9G5>$C751$!d%!/!F5$425IJ%!m%dC!<!CEE65429%!C2!789:7r%!Er%$d!7127!G1$! G%$G! C2! G%5$! d2! J#78%! dB1r5>5$%! d%! 6BCr7! drCJC7542%! 5$d5%$@! '5$G5! 6%G! ]2G75X5FC751$G! J#78542%G! d%! 6C! $C5GGC$F%! d2! 789:7r%! E12rrC5%$7+%66%G=! H! 6%2r!XCq1$=!F1$X1r7%r!6%G!8#E178IG%G!85G71r5F5G7%G!d%!6B,FF5d%$7@!"%G!2$%G! %7!6%G!C27r%G!Er1E1G%$7!d%!E1G%r!2$%!1r5>5$%!r%65>5%2G%!d2!789:7r%@! {!6BCEE25!d%G!78IG%G!1FF5d%$7C6%G=!$12G!C]127%r1$G!2$!Cr>2J%$7!G2E+ E69J%$7C5r%!425! Cd1E7%! 2$%! E%rGE%F75Y%! 2$! E%2!d5XX9r%$7%@! ,$! E12rrC57=! %$! %XX%7=! CYC$F%r! 6B5d9%! E62G! >9$9rC6%! dB2$%! C$C61>5%! dB%GG%$F%! d2! 789:7r%! %7! d2! r57%! 425! $%! X%rC57! ECG! r9X9r%$F%! H! 7%6! J1J%$7! dB2$! r57%! ECr75F265%r=!JC5G!H!F%!42%!6B2$!%7!6BC27r%!1$7!%$!F1JJ2$!S!6%2r!1r>C$5GC+ 751$!F9r9J1$5%66%@!"%!789:7r%!%G7!2$%!Er1d2F751$!JC\7r5G9%=!r%Er1d2F75D6%! ECrF%! 42B%$75Ir%J%$7! r9>69%=! d1$7! 6%! JC\7r%! dBe2Yr%! %G7! 6BCF7%2r=! 2$! 81JJ%!d%!F%!J1$d%!425!Er%$d!6%!G7C727!dBCF7%2r!E1r7%2r!dB2$!rv6%@!.IG! 61rG=!6%!789:7r%!%G7!6B%$G%JD6%!GE%F7CF26C5r%!%7!7%Z72%6!dC$G!6%42%6!F%!rv6%! Er%$d! G1$! G%$G@! "%! JWJ%! GF89JC! dB%ZE65FC751$! YC27! E12r! 6%! r57%! %7! %$! ECr75F265%r! E12r! 6%! GCFr5X5F%=! H! F%6C! ErIG! 42%! 6B1XX5F5C$7! #! r%JE6CF%! 6BCF7%2r=!Er1$1$qC$7!625!C2GG5!d%G!ECr16%G!%7!XC5GC$7!d%G!>%G7%G!F1$Y%$2G! %7!r9>69G=!GC$G!42B56!G157!6C5GG9!d%!E6CF%!H!6C!F1$75$>%$F%g@!! .%! JWJ%! 42B2$%! F9r9J1$5%! Er1Er%J%$7! r%65>5%2G%! %G7! Er1J5G%! C2! G2FFIG!K!d%G!%XX%7G!D9$9X542%G!E12r!F%2Z!425!#!ECr75F5E%$7!K!ECr!6BCF751$! d2!r57%!625+JWJ%=!CF751$!%$!ECr75%!5$%ZE65FCD6%!ECr!6C!FC2GC6579!Er1XC$%=! d%! JWJ%! 6C! r%Er9G%$7C751$! %G7+%66%! d%G75$9%! H! F26J5$%r! G2r! F%! G2FFIG! OsiddhiU! C242%6! 6%! N#&ya)#stra! F1$GCFr%! 2$! F8CE57r%! %$75%r! O&C$GC7+ &12d1$=!`aaP!S!`bQ+`baU@!"BC$C61>5%!C!7127%X15G!G%G!65J57%G!S!6%!GCFr5X5F%! %G7! d%! F%! J1$d%! OlaukikaU=! 42C$d! 6%! 789:7r%! $%! 6B%G7! ECG=! 12! ECG! 7127! H! XC57c@! .BC27r%! ECr7=! 6%! F1$7rC7! 425! r9>57! 6%G! 9F8C$>%G=! dC$G! 6%! GCFr5X5F%=! %$7r%!1XX5F5C$7G!%7!GCFr5X5C$7!%G7!2$!F1$7rC7!dB%ZCF7572d%=!d1$F!d%!Y9r579=! d5CJ97rC6%J%$7! 1EE1G9! C2! /!F1$7rC7! d%! X%5$75G%!<! O.2Fr17=! )F8C%XX%r=! `aai!S!g`iU!425!%G7!6B%GG%$F%!JWJ%!d2!789:7r%@!,$!Y157!42%!r572C6579!d2! 789:7r%! %7! 789:7rC6579! d2! r57%! G1$7! dC$G! 2$! rCEE1r7! F1$G7CJJ%$7! r9F5Er142%=!CY%F!E%27+W7r%=!F1JJ%!%$]%2!G%Fr%7=!6BCXX5rJC751$!ECrCd1ZC6%! d%!6C!J5G%!%$!J5r15r=!C2712r!d2!E5Y17!d2!r57%=!d%!6C!r9C6579!d2!789:7r%!%7!d%! 6C!789:7rC6579!d%!6C!Y5%!S! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

g! "C! >61G%! dB'D85$CYC>2E7C! ad! N#&ya)#stra! T! `c! XC57! %ZE65F57%J%$7! 2$! CF7%2r! d%! 6B1XX5F5C$7! d%G! r57%G! JC>542%G! d9Fr57G! dC$G! 6BAtharvaveda@! .%! JWJ%=! 6Badhvaryu=! GE9F5C65G7%! d2! Yajurveda=! %7! 425! %G7! 6B1XX5F5C$7! CXX%F79! H! 6C! ECr75%! >%G72%66%! d2! r57%! OJC$5E26C751$! d%! G2DG7C$F%G! %7! dB1D]%7G=! d9E6CF%J%$7G! 5$F%GGC$7G! 425! 6%! X1$7! /!F8%J5$%r!<! K! dB1n! G1$! $1J=! d9r5Y9! dBadhvan=! 6%! /!F8%J5$!<! K! G2r! 6%! 7%rrC5$! GCFr5X5F5%6U!%G7+56!5JE65F57%J%$7!F1JECr9!H!6BCF7%2r!%$!r%Er9G%$7C751$=!F%625!425!d9E615%! 6%G!abhinaya ;!Y15r!&C$GC7+&12d1$=!`aag!S!`cQ+`c`@!

(8)

`cP! Théâtres d’Asie et d’Orient. Traditions, rencontres, métissages A$7r%!6%!r57%!F1JJ%!drCJ%=!E5617C$7!H!d5G7C$F%!6%G!F1JE1r7%J%$7G!C271r5G9G! dC$G!6C!Y5%!F12rC$7%=!E12r!E12Y15r!%$F1r%!G%!d5r%!:r#%$=!%7!F%77%!Y5%!JWJ%=!6%! 789:7r%! 5$d5%$! GB5$GIr%! C61rG! F1JJ%! 2$! r%6C5G=! 2$! drCJ%! 425! %G7! %$F1r%=! %$! G%Fr%7=!2$!r57%=!F1JJ%!6%!r57%!97C57!d9]H!2$!drCJ%!%7!le même=!F%625!425=!EC+ rC66I6%J%$7=!GB5$GFr5YC57!dC$G!6B85G715r%!OM2G=!`agc!S!wbRU@! .9F%6C$7!C5$G5!dC$G!6%!J1dI6%!drCJC7542%!6%!Er5$F5E%!%ZE65FC75X!d%!6C! E%$G9%! %7! d%! 6C! G1F5979! 5$d5%$$%G=! 0C26! M2G! C! F%77%! X1rJ26%! 8Crd5%!S! /!m156H! F1JJ%! 6BT$d%! %G7! d%Y%$2%! 85$d12%=! %$! G%! ]12C$7! %66%+JWJ%! H! %66%+JWJ%!<!Oibid.U@! x%Y%$1$G!C2!J#78%!dB1r5>5$%@!^%!42B56!J1$7r%!9>C6%J%$7=!FB%G7!42%! 6%! 789:7r%=! GB56! $B%G7! ECG! d9r5Y9! d2! r57%=! 625! %G7! 97r157%J%$7! CGG1F59=! E25G42%! 6C! Er%J5Ir%! r%Er9G%$7C751$! %G7! d1$$9%! H! 6B1FFCG51$! d%! 6BIndradhvajamaha=! XW7%! Y9d542%! d%! 6B97%$dCrd! dBT$drC@! ^%77%! Cr75F26C+ 751$! J#78542%! d2! 789:7r%! %7! d2! r57%! G%! Er161$>%! dC$G! 6C! ErC7542%! D5%$! r9%66%! d2! 789:7r%=! F%66%! 425! J%7! %$! E6CF%! 6%! p!rvara"ga=! 6B/!CYC$7+ GFI$%!<=!61$>2%J%$7!d9Fr57!C2!F8CE57r%!m!d2!N#&ya)#stra@!x%Er1d2F751$! G#JD16542%!d%!6BIndradhvajamaha=!6%!p!rvara"ga!%G7!2$!r572%6!789:7rC+ 65G9! 425! Er9FId%! 5JJ9d5C7%J%$7=! F1JJ%! G1$! $1J! 6B5$d542%=! 6C! r%Er9+ G%$7C751$!d%!6C!X5F751$!drCJC7542%=!7127!%$!97C$7!625+JWJ%!Er9F9d9!dB2$! C27r%!r57%=!6%!ra"gadaivatap!jana=!r572%6!E2r!dB81JJC>%!C2Z!d5Y5$579G!d%! 6C!GFI$%=!%ZE1G9!C2!F8CE57r%!TTTb@!! ,$!E%27!E%$G%r!42%!6C!ErC7542%!d2!p!rvara"ga!O%7!E%27+W7r%!F%66%!d2!

ra"gadaivatap!janaU! GB%G7! E%rE9729%! E%$dC$7! 6B:>%! F6CGG542%=!

(9)

L’Inde et l’impératif théâtral `cw

G1$7! d%! ]%2$%G! CGFI7%G=! d5GF5E6%G! d2! &12dd8Ca@! ,r! 6C! X1rJ%! d9]H! FC$1+

$542%!d%!F%!J1dI6%!Er1XC$%!C77%G7%!6B%Z5G7%$F%!dB2$%!ErC7542%!C$79r5%2r%! 425!C271r5G%!H!Fr9d57%r!6%!789:7r%!5$d5%$!dB2$%!C$7542579!E62G!8C27%=!D5%$! 42B5$d97%rJ5$9%@!!

.2!J15$G!F%G!JWJ%G!JC79r5C2Z!425!G1$7!5$G2XX5GC$7G!H!d%GG5$%r!Er9+ F5G9J%$7! 2$%! >%$IG%! d%! 6BCr7! drCJC7542%! 5$d5%$! J1$7r%$7+56G! CGG%[=! %$! d9E57! d%G! Er9]2>9G! %78$1F%$7r5G7%G! %$! Y1>2%! C2!jTj%!G5IF6%=! dC$G! 6%G!

J565%2Z! GC$Gor575G7%G=! 42B56! $%! d157! r5%$! C2! 789:7r%! >r%F=! ECrCd5>J%! d2! 789:7r%! 1FF5d%$7C6! O"9Y5=! `baQ!S! wRw+wgg!k! &C$GC7+&12d1$=! PQQR!S!P`=! $17%!wcU@! *127! 6B%$! d5G75$>2%=! F1JJ%! 1$! 6%! Y9r5X5%rC! C2! J1J%$7! dB972d5%r! 6%G! FCrCF79r5G7542%G! d%! 6C! GFI$%! 5$d5%$$%=! %ZF%E751$! XC57%=! 9Y5d%JJ%$7=!d%G!7rC57G!2$5Y%rG%66%J%$7!ECr7C>9G!425!X1$7!42%!6%!789:7r%! %G7!789:7r%@!!

,$! $B%G7! %$! 7%rrC5$! X%rJ%! 42BCY%F! 6%! F1rE2G! drCJC7542%! ECrY%$2! ]2G42BH!$12G!K!%7=!$12G!6%!Y%rr1$G=!CY%F!6C!7891r5%!drCJC7542%!F1$G5>$9%! dC$G! 6%! Traité du théâtre@! ^%! 425! XrCEE%! dB%JD69%=! FB%G7! 2$%! F%r7C5$%! 5JJ1D56579!d%!6C!789:7rC6579!5$d5%$$%@!"%G!E5IF%G!d2!789:7r%!GC$Gor57!42%! $12G! CEE%61$G! /!F6CGG542%!<! $12G! CEECrC5GG%$7! %$! %XX%7! dC$G! 2$%! G1r7%! dB97C7!d%!E%rX%F751$!1n!$%!7rC$GECrC\7!r5%$=!12!Er%G42%=!d%!6C!>%$IG%!d1$7! 56!%G7!6%!Er1d257@!.BC27r%!ECr7=!6B85G715r%!d%!F%!789:7r%=!]C61$$9%!E12r7C$7! d%! $1JG! %7! d%! 757r%G! XCJ%2Z=! $%! G%! 6C5GG%! 42%! ECr75%66%J%$7! d9Fr5r%! %$! 7%rJ%G! F8r1$161>542%G=! E62G5%2rG! 5$F%r7572d%G=! d1$7! F%r7C5$%G! F1$G5d9+ rCD6%G=!E%GC$7!G2r!6C!dC7%!d%!7%66%!e2Yr%=!42C$d!F%!$B%G7!ECG!G2r!6%!$1J! d%!6BC27%2r!O425!%G7!F%!)#drCoC=!C27%2r!d2!Petit Chariot de terre cuite=!r15! d1$7!6%!$1J!%G7!F%625!d%!6C!d%r$5Ir%!F6CGG%!G1F5C6%!;U!12!GC!D51>rCE85%=! r%JE6CF9%! ECr! 6C! 69>%$d%`Q@! *127! C2! E62G! $17%rC+7+1$! 2$%! 7%$dC$F%!

Fr15GGC$7%!H!6C!F1JE6%Z5X5FC751$!d%!6BCF751$!%7!d%!6C!XCF72r%!drCJC7542%G! 42B5662G7r%rC57=! ECr! F1$7rCG7%=! dC$G! 6%G! d9D27G! d%! F%! 789:7r%=! 6Be2Yr%! d%! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

a

! T6! GBC>57! d2! .#riputraprakara-a=! d2! $1J! d%! G1$! 89r1G=! .#riputra=! d1$7! 1$! C! E2! r%G7572%r!2$%!ECr75%!d%G!d%2Z!d%r$5%rG!CF7%G!OY15r!&C$GC7+&12d1$=!PQQg!S!jmTU@!)#6YC5$! "9Y5=! dC$G! 2$! Cr75F6%! ECGG9! Er%G42%! 5$CE%rq2=! C! J1$7r9! 42B2$! C27r%! drCJ%=! 6%! R#(&rap#lan#&aka!O425!J%7!%$!GFI$%!6%!89r1G!9E1$#J%=!x%"'rCE%6CU=!F1$$2!G%26%J%$7! ECr! 6C! 7rC$GE1G5751$! d59>97542%! 42B%$! 1$7! d1$$9%! d%G! G12rF%G! F85$15G%G! %7! jaina=! E12YC57! W7r%! C77r5D29! H! '!YC>81"C!k! G2r! F%77%! 42%G751$=! %7! G%G! 5JE65FC751$G! E12r! 2$! %GGC5!dB85G715r%!d2!789:7r%!5$d5%$=!Y15r!&C$GC7+&12d1$=!PQQc!S!wi+c`@!

`Q

(10)

`cR! Théâtres d’Asie et d’Orient. Traditions, rencontres, métissages &8%GC!OG5!7C$7!%G7!42B56!G157!69>575J%!d%!6%!dC7%r!d2!TT%!G5IF6%!d%!$17r%!Ir%! %7!d%!625!C77r5D2%r!6%G!7r%5[%!E5IF%G!d%!*r5YC$dr2J!d9F12Y%r7%G=!%$!`a`Q=! ECr!*@!lC*CEC75!)%G7r5U=!E62G!DrIY%=!E62G!rCE5d%!%7!dB2$!G7#6%!E62G!G1Dr%! 42%!6%G!drCJ%G!2679r5%2rG!12!G2EE1G9G!7%6G@! V215! 42B56! %$! G157! d%! F%G! 6CF2$%G=! 1$! E%27! CYC$F%r=! G2r! 6C! X15! d%! 42%642%G!d1$$9%G! 9ECrG%G!dC$G!6%G! F8r1$542%G!%7! 6%G! 7%Z7%G! 65779rC5r%G``=!

12! ECr! 8#E178IG%=! H! ECr75r! dB969J%$7G! d%! F8r1$161>5%! r%6C75Y%=! 42%! 6%! 789:7r%! d%! 6BT$d%! C$F5%$$%! %G7! H! G1$! CE1>9%! %$7r%! 6%!TT%! %7! 6%!jT%!G5IF6%@! ^B%G7!dC$G!F%7!%GECF%!d%!7%JEG!42%!G1$7!F1JE1G9%G!6%G!e2Yr%G!6%G!E62G! F96IDr%G!S! 6%G! drCJ%G! d%! &8%GC=! 6%G! 7r15G! E5IF%G! d%! }%65d%GC=! Le! Petit

Chariot de terre cuite=!Le!R#k(asa au sceau!OMudr#r#k(asaU=!6%G!e2Yr%G!

d%! ~Cr"C! %7! d%! &8CYCD8#75=! Les Tresses renouées! OVe-isa*h#raU=! Le

Précieux R#ghava!OAnarghar#ghavaU=!Le Lever de lune de l’éveil [de la connaissance]!OPrabodhacandrodayaU`P@! "%!7rC57!6%!E62G!GC566C$7!d%!F%!789:7r%=!42%66%!42%!G157!6C!dC7%!CY9r9%!12! Er9G2J9%! d%! G%G! e2Yr%G=! %G7! 2$%! >rC$d%! 81J1>9$9579! X1rJ%66%! %7! 789+ JC7542%=! 425! $B%G7! ECG! GC$G! rCEE%6%r! F%66%! d2! 789:7r%! 1FF5d%$7C6=! H! F%F5! ErIG! 42%! F%77%! d%r$5Ir%! %G7! >9$9rC6%J%$7! F1$7%$2%! dC$G! 6%G! 65J57%G! dB2$!G5IF6%! K!6%!jmTT%!G5IF6%! XrC$qC5G=!6%!789:7r%! 965GCD978C5$!K!12! dB2$%! 9F16%! K! 6%! drCJ%! r1JC$7542%@! "C! ECr75F26Cr579! 5$d5%$$%=! %$! r%YC$F8%=! 75%$7!H!F%!42%!6C!JWJ%!2$579!FCrCF79r5G%!6%!61$>!:>%!dB1r!dB2$!789:7r%!425! G%!d9E615%!G2r!ErIG!d%!d5Z!G5IF6%G@!!

(9C$J15$G=! F8C42%! e2Yr%! %G7! G5$>265Ir%=! ]2G42BH! F%66%G! 425! r%Er%$+ $%$7!2$!FC$%YCG!Er9F9d%$7`w=!ECr!6%!E15$7!d%!Y2%!Cd1E79!E12r!F5rF1$GFr5r%!

2$!G2]%7!dC$G!6C!JCGG%!d%G!G12rF%G!d5GE1$5D6%G=!ECr!6%!G7#6%=!6C!XCF72r%=!6%! r#78J%! %7! 6B9F1$1J5%! d%! 6B5$7r5>2%=! 6%! 7rC57%J%$7! EG#F8161>542%! dB2$! E%rG1$$C>%=! 6B2GC>%! dB2$! r%GG1r7! drCJC7542%! 1r5>5$C6=! 12! 6B5$Y%$751$! dB2$!J175X=!Y15r%!dB2$!9E5G1d%=!CDG%$7=!ECr!%Z%JE6%=!d%!6B9E1E9%!d1$7!6C! E5IF%! GB5$GE5r%@! '5$G5! 6BCF7%!TTT! d%G! Statues! OPratim#n#&akaU=! e2Yr%! d%! &8%GC=!J%7+56!%$!GFI$%!2$%!8C67%!d2!Er5$F%!&8CrC7C=!6%!E62G!]%2$%!XrIr%!d%! x%JC=!dC$G!2$!GC$F72C5r%!CDr57C$7!6%G!G7C72%G!X2$9rC5r%G!d%!G%G!C$FW7r%G@! )FI$%! 425=! $1$! G%26%J%$7! %G7! GC$G! 9425YC6%$7! dC$G! 6%!R#m#ya-a=! JC5G! $BC!ECG!d%!F1rr%GE1$dC$7!dC$G!6C!r9C6579!d2!F267%!d%G!J1r7G!42%!$12G!X1$7! F1$$C\7r%! 6%G! 7%Z7%G=! $1rJC75XG! 12! 65779rC5r%G=! d%! 6BT$d%! C$F5%$$%! OMC6CJ12d!in!&C$GC7+&12d1$=!PQQg!S!``aw+``acU@!!

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

``! ^B%G7! C5$G5! 42%! 6B1$! E%27! dC7%r! &8CYCD8#75! d2! Er%J5%r! 42Cr7! d2!

mTTT%!G5IF6%!k! Y15r! &C$GC7+&12d1$=!PQQg!S!`RQR+`RQg@!!

`P

! 012r!2$!EC$1rCJC!%7!2$%!7%$7C75Y%!dB/!85G715r%!<!d2!789:7r%!d%!6BT$d%!C$F5%$$%=!Y15r! &C$GC7+&12d1$=!PQQg!S!jj+jjmTT@! ,$! 7r12Y%rC! 6C! 7rCd2F751$! d%! E62G5%2rG! d%G! E5IF%G! F579%G!5F5!dC$G!&C$GC7+&12d1$=!PQQg@!

`w! '5$G5!6C!Priyadar)ika&!d%!~Cr"C!r%Er%$d+%66%!6%!GF89JC!d%!M#lavik#gnimitra=!e2Yr%!

(11)

L’Inde et l’impératif théâtral `ci

"BCEECr7%$C$F%! d9F6Cr9%! H! 2$! >%$r%! drCJC7542%! ECr75F265%r! r9>5! ECr! G%G!Er1Er%G!rI>6%G=!%7!6%!E%757!$1JDr%!d%G!G12rF%G!J5G%G!H!6C!d5GE1G5751$! d%! 6BC27%2r! F1$7r5D2%$7! C2! G%$75J%$7! dB2$5X1rJ579! %7! d%! r%6C75Y%! X5Z579@! "%G!d%2Z!9E1E9%G=!6%!F#F6%!d%G!F1$7%G=!42%642%G!rCr%G!G2]%7G!dB5$Y%$751$! K! 65J579G! C2! >%$r%! d%! 6C! n#&ika&! %7! d2! prakara-a`R=! JC5G! 425! G%! F1$X1r+ J%$7! H! 2$! E%757! $1JDr%! d%! GF89JCG! F1$$2G! K=! 42%642%G! 78IJ%G! J#+ 78542%G=! Er9G%$7G=! $17CJJ%$7=! dC$G! 6%G! m%dC`i=! Y156H! 6B%GG%$75%6! d2! JC79r5C2!drCJC7542%@!! 0CG!d%!E5IF%G!E1657542%G=!d2!J15$G!C2!G%$G!1FF5d%$7C6!d2!7%rJ%=!425! 5JE6542%! %$>C>%J%$7! %7! F1$7%JE1rC$9579@! ^%r7%G=! 6%! Mudr#r#k(asa! C! E12r! Er17C>1$5G7%! ^%*Co#C=! ECr! C566%2rG! 6BC27%2r! d2! 7rC579! 5$d5%$! d%! E1657542%=! 6BArtha)#stra=! JC5G! FB%G7! 2$! 89r1G! 69>%$dC5r%=! %7! 6C! E1657542%! r%YW7=!dC$G!6C!E5IF%=!2$%!d5J%$G51$!7127%!65779rC5r%!425!d9r126%!ECrC66I6%+ J%$7!6B5$7r5>2%!E1657542%!%7!F%66%!d2!drCJ%!625+JWJ%@!0CG!dCYC$7C>%!d%! E5IF%G! 85G71r542%G! K! 6B85G715r%! $BCEECrC5GGC$7! 42B%$! 7156%! d%! X1$d! %7! F1JJ%! 5$G7r2J%$7! d2! d9$12%J%$7! d%! 6C! /!F1J9d5%! d%! 8Cr%J!<! 42B%G7!

M#lavik# et Agnimitra! OM#lavik#gnimitraU! d%! }%65d%GC@! V2C$7! H! 6C!

Fr57542%!G1F5C6%=!%66%!$%!G%!XC57!]12r!42%!G12G!6%G!7rC57G!>r1GG5G!%7!F1$Y%$+ 751$$%6G!d%!6C!XCrF%!OprahasanaU@!!

"%! drCJ%! C669>1r542%! 625+JWJ%=! 425! C2rC57! E2! 12Yr5r! 2$! %GECF%! d%! 65D%r79! dC$G! 6%! FC7C61>2%! r%G7r%5$7! d%G! G12rF%G! dB5$GE5rC751$! %$! XC5GC$7! CdY%$5r!2$!789:7r%!d%G!5d9%G=!1D957!H!d%G!F1d%G!%7!H!d%G!F1$Y%$751$G!425! r%J1$7%$7! C2Z! E62G! C$F5%$G! GE9F5J%$G! F1$$2G! K! d%G! XrC>J%$7G! dB2$%! E5IF%!dB'!YC>81"C!d1$7!6%G!Er17C>1$5G7%G!G1$7!T$7%665>%$F%=!^1$G7C$F%!%7! x%$1JJ9%=!F969DrC$7!6%!&12dd8C!O&C$GC7+&12d1$=!PQQg!S!jmTTU@!A$F1r%! $B%G7+56! r%Er9G%$79=! dC$G! 6B97C7! CF72%6! d%! $1G! F1$$C5GGC$F%G=! 42%! ECr! Le

Lever de lune de l’éveil [de la connaissance]! OPrabodhacandrodayaU=!

d%! }r+"*CJ5!rC! OjT%!G5IF6%U`g=! %7! ECr! G1$! d9FC642%! 7Crd5X=! dB5$GE5rC751$!

Y5"*2f7%=! Le Lever de lune de la conscience OCaitanyacandrodayaU=! d%! }CY5oCr*CE2rC!OjmT%!G5IF6%U@!*127%X15G!GC!Er1d2F75Y579!E12rrC57!CY15r!979! E62G! >rC$d%=! G5! 6B1$! F1$G5dIr%! 42B56! C! E2! X12r$5r! 6%! J1dI6%! dBC27r%G! X1rJ%G!/!CDG7rC57%G!<!7%66%G!42%!6C!E5IF%!E8561G1E8542%!d%!LC#C$7CD8C''C! OTj%!G5IF6%U=!La Foule des traditions!O,gama'ambaraU=!%7!6B2$542%!drCJ%!

/!>rCJJC75FC6!<! 425! $12G! G157! ECrY%$2! O&C$GC7+&12d1$=! PQQg!S!jjTmU@!

*127=!12!Er%G42%=!C!979!Er9Y2=!%7!56!$B#!C!E62G!42BH!GB#!F1$X1rJ%r@! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

`R! x%GE%F75Y%J%$7!6C!/!F1J9d5%!d%!8Cr%J!<!%7!6C!/!F1J9d5%!d%!Je2rG!<=!G5!6B1$!%GGC5%!

(12)

`cg! Théâtres d’Asie et d’Orient. Traditions, rencontres, métissages

'5$G5! CEECrC\7+56! rCE5d%J%$7! C2! 6%F7%2r! 42%! F%G! e2Yr%G! 1D95GG%$7! H! d%G! FC$1$G! 7rIG! G7r5F7G=! 425! G1$7! X1$F751$! d2! >%$r%! %7! d97%rJ5$%$7=! %$! ECr75F265%r=!6B5$7r5>2%=!%7=!ECr!6B5$7%rJ9d5C5r%!d%G!d5dCGFC65%G=!6%!Er171F16%! d%!]%2`c@!^%G!FC$1$G!G1$7!F1$G5>$9G!dC$G!F%!7%Z7%!2$542%!dC$G!6B85G715r%!

d%G!65779rC72r%G!42B%G7!6%!N#&ya)#stra 12!Traité du théâtre=!d1$7!6BC271r579! %G7!d%J%2r9%!5$F1$7%G79%!d%E25G!GC!dC7%!d%!F1JE1G5751$!OEr1DCD6%J%$7=!

T%r+TT%!G5IF6%! d%! $17r%! Ir%U=! JWJ%! G5=! d%! $1G! ]12rG=! 56! $B%G7! >2Ir%! E62G! 42B2$%!G1r7%!d%!7C65GJC$!Y%rDC6!E12r!F%2Z!425!%$7%$d%$7!GB%$!r9F6CJ%r! O&C$GC7+&12d1$=!`aaP!S!wi+wbU@!

rCF%! C2Z! E197542%G! ECr75%66%G! %7! G12Y%$7! E169J542%G! d%! 6B,FF5d%$7=! 425! X1$7! G%$G! dC$G! 2$! F1$7%Z7%! G1F51F2672r%6! %7! E1657542%! d1$$9=! 6%!

N#&ya)#stra! G%! Er9G%$7%! F1JJ%! 2$%! E197542%! 2$542%=! %Z8C2G75Y%! %7!

81J1>I$%=!C77r5D29%!d%!G2rFr1\7!H!2$!C27%2r!J#78542%=!6%!GC>%!&8CrC7C=! F%! 425! 6C! J%7! H! 6BCDr5! d%G! dC$>%rG! d%! 6C! G2D]%F75Y579@! ^B%G7! 6H=! dC$G! F%! 7rC579!X1$dC7%2r=!42%!G%!7r12Y%!Er1DCD6%J%$7!6%!7rC57!JC]%2r!d%!6C!789:+ 7rC6579!5$d5%$$%=!6C!F69!d2!G#G7IJ%=!F%!425!C!F1$7r5D29!H!6%!X5Z%r=!F1JJ%! 6C!>rCJJC5r%!d%!0%*5$5!C!X5Z9=!%$!6C!F1d5X5C$7=!6C!6C$>2%!GCYC$7%!42B1$! ECr6C57! d%! G1$! 7%JEG=! ECrF%! 42B%66%! 97C57! J%$CF9%! ECr! 6C! Y57C6579! d%G! 6C$>2%G!Y%r$CF26C5r%G@!!

{!6B5$G7Cr!d%G!e2Yr%G!d2!789:7r%!F6CGG542%=!6%!N#&ya)#stra!$12G!CEEC+ rC\7! dC$G! 2$! 97C7! d%! E%rX%F751$! 425! 6C5GG%! F1$X2G9J%$7! %$7r%Y15r! 2$%! 61$>2%!7rCd5751$!C$79r5%2r%@!"%!N#&ya)#stra=!%$!%XX%7=!$B%G7!ECG!2$!F1J+ J%$F%J%$7! CDG162@! ,27r%! 42%! 6C! >rCJJC5r%! d%! 0%*5$5! J%$751$$%=! C2!

m%!G5IF6%!CYC$7!L@+^@=!2$!Na&as!tra!OLes Aphorismes de l’acteurU=!e2Yr%!

d%!}r+!%GYC!%7!)56%65$=!6%!7rC579!625+JWJ%!XC57!r9X9r%$F%=!5F5!%7!6H=!H!2$!97C7! C$79r5%2r!d%!6C!7891r5%!drCJC7542%=!H!Er1E1G!d2!bh#-a`b=!ECr!%Z%JE6%=!12!

(13)

L’Inde et l’impératif théâtral `cc ON#&ya)#stra!jjjmTT!`bU@!'5$G5!6%!N#&ya)#stra!Er%$d+56!G15$!d%!G5>$C+ 6%r=!Xs7+F%!H!J17G!F12Y%r7G=!42B56!$B%G7!$5!2$!F1JJ%$F%J%$7=!$5!2$%!X5$=! $%!G%rC57+F%!42B%$!rC5G1$!d2!FCrCF7Ir%!5$X5$5J%$7!d2F756%!d%!G1$!1D]%7=!%$! E%rE972%66%!7rC$GX1rJC751$PQ@! .B2$%!CJE6%2r!F1$G5d9rCD6%!OG5Z!J566%!Y%rG!%7!E62G5%2rG!ECGGC>%G!%$! Er1G%! d5G7r5D29G! %$! 7r%$7%+G5Z=! 12=! G%61$! 6%G! 9d5751$G=! 7r%$7%+G%E7! F8C+ E57r%GU=!6%!N#&ya)#stra!GBC2>J%$7%!%$F1r%!d%!6C!>61G%!dB'D85$CYC>2E7C! GC$G!6C42%66%!56!r%G7%rC57!6C!E62ECr7!d2!7%JEG!6%77r%!J1r7%@!T6!r%$d!F1JE7%! d%!6B97C7!d2!789:7r%!5$d5%$!H!2$!J1J%$7!d1$$9!%7!F1$7r5D2%!H!GC!E9r%$$5+ GC751$=!dC$G!6C!J%G2r%!1n!56!Er%GFr57!C27C$7!42B56!d9Fr57@!T6!$B1J%7!r5%$!d%! F%!425!F1$G7572%!6C!F1$F%E751$!5$d5%$$%!d2!789:7r%=!%$!G1r7%!42%!6%G!757r%G! d%! G%G! F8CE57r%G! d%GG5$%$7! 6C! E8#G51$1J5%! %ZCF7%! dB2$! 1D]%7! 971$$CJ+ J%$7!F1JE6%Z%P`!S!d%!6BCrF857%F72r%!d%!6B9d5X5F%!789:7rC6!C2!G2FFIG!k!d%G! r57%G!425!Er9FId%$7!6C!r%Er9G%$7C751$!C2!d97C56!d2!d5GE1G575X!42B%66%!J%7!%$! e2Yr%! K! 6C! r9F57C751$=! 6%! ]%2! d%! 6BCF7%2r=! 6C! dC$G%=! 6%G! F1$Y%$751$G=! 6B1FF2EC751$!d%!6B%GECF%=!CY%F!d%G!F1$G5d9rC751$G!G2r!6%G!C5r%G!GF9$542%G! Okak(y#U=!6%G!d9JCrF8%G!%7!6%G!E1G72r%G=!%7=!Y9r57CD6%!7rC579!dC$G!6%!7rC579=! 2$! 61$>! %ZE1G9! F1$GCFr9! C2! F8C$7! %7! H! 6C! J2G542%! O&C$GC7+&12d1$=! `aaP!S! `ba+P`iU@! {! 4215! GBC]127%$7! 6%G! Er%GFr5E751$G! r%6C75Y%G! C2! 7%Z7%! drCJC7542%! K! 6BC>%$F%J%$7! d%! 6B5$7r5>2%! G%61$! 2$%! 7#E161>5%! G2D756%=! 5$F1$$2%!d2!789:7r%!1FF5d%$7C6=!%7=!%$7r%!2$%!6%q1$!d%!GC$Gor57!%7!2$%!d%! Er%or57=! 2$! %ZE1G9! d%G! rI>6%G! d%! 6C! r8971r542%! %7! d%! 6C! Er1G1d5%@! ^Cr=! %$G%5>$%! 6%! N#&ya)#stra=! 6%! 7%Z7%! %G7! 6C! tanu=! 6%! /!F1rEG!<! 12! E627v7! 6B/!%GG%$F%!<!d2!789:7r%PP@!A7!%$F1r%=!C2Z!F8CE57r%G!mT!%7!mTT=!r%GE%F75Y%+ J%$7! F1$GCFr9G! C2Z! rasa=! 6%G! /!G%$75J%$7G!<! %G7897542%G=! %7! C2Z! bh#va=! 6%G!CXX%F7G!1rd5$C5r%G=!6B9DC2F8%!d%!F%!425!d%Y5%$drC!2$%!7891r5%!%G789+ 7542%!H!ECr7!%$75Ir%=!42C$d!6B%Z9>IG%=!%$!ECr75F265%r!F%66%!d%G!!5YCf7%G!$1$! d2C65G7%G!FCF8%J5r5%$G=!G%!G%rC!%JECr9%!d2!Traité@!A$X5$=!5$G7r2J%$7!d%! 69>575J579=!2$!J#78%!dB1r5>5$%!7rIG!96CD1r9=!%$!d%2Z!Y16%7G=!G2r!6%42%6!6%! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! PQ ! "BCd]1$F751$!d%!6C!n#&ik#!H!6C!65G7%=!%$!Er5$F5E%!F61G%=!d%G!/!d5Z!>%$r%G!<!%G7!2$!5$d5F%! d%! 6B5$X6C751$! >9$9r542%! 42B%$r%>5G7r%r1$7! 6%G! 7rC579G! 2679r5%2rG@! )#J97r542%J%$7=! 1$! r%JCr42%! 6C! 717C6%! 5JEr1d2F75Y579=! H! 6B9E142%! F6CGG542%=! d%! 6C! J15759! d%! F%G! /!d5Z! >%$r%G!<!S! 6Ba"ka=! 6C! v$th$=! 6%! 'ima=! 6B$h#mr%ga! %7! 6%! samavak#ra! O&C$GC7+&12d1$=! `aaP!S!wgU@!)2r!6C!65G7%!5$d9X5$5J%$7!12Y%r7%!d%G!>%$r%G!2679r5%2rG!%7!/!J5$%2rG!<!42%! G1$7!6%G!upar!paka=!Y15r!&C$GC7+&12d1$=!`aaR@!

P`! m15r! 6%! G1JJC5r%! d2! N#&ya)#stra! dC$G! &C$GC7+&12d1$=! `aaP!S!a`+aw=! %7! 6%! 7CD6%C2!

G#$1E7542%! d%G! 969J%$7G! F1$G757275XG! d2! 789:7r%! %$! w%! d%! F12Y%r72r%=! G12G! X1rJ%! d%! d9E65C$7@!

PP

(14)

`cb! Théâtres d’Asie et d’Orient. Traditions, rencontres, métissages

N#&ya)#stra!GB12Yr%!OF8CE57r%!TU!%7!G%!X%rJ%!OF8CE57r%G!jjjmT!%7!jjjmTTU=!

%7!425!X1$d%!%$!d5>$579!7C$7!6B12YrC>%!42%!G1$!1D]%7@!!

m156H!6%!789:7r%!CGG2]%775!H!2$%!$1rJ%!%7!E12r!61$>7%JEG@!T6!$%!r%G7%! ECG! dBC27r%! 5GG2%! C2Z! E1I7%G! drCJC7542%G! OJC5G! %$! F8%rF8%$7+56G! 2$%!;U! 42%! d%! G%! F126%r! dC$G! 2$! J126%! 425=! E12r! W7r%! Er997CD65=! $B%$! %G7! ECG! J15$G!5$X5$5J%$7!d5Y%rG=!%7!$B%$7rCY%=!1$!GB%$!d127%=!$5!6B1r5>5$C6579!$5!6%! 7C6%$7@! "%! N#&ya)#stra! $B%G7=! CErIG! 7127=! 42B2$%! Y%rG51$! %Z7rWJ%! d%! 6C! F1$G5>$%! d%G! /!>W$%G! %Z425G%G!<! 42%! mC69r#! E1GC57! F1JJ%! F1$d5751$! H! 6B%Z%rF5F%!d%!6C!E19G5%@! ,$!Y157!42BH!D5%$!d%G!9>CrdG!6%!N#&ya)#stra!$12G!%$!d57!E62G!G2r!6%! 789:7r%!42%!$B%$!d5G%$7!6%G!Er1d2F751$G!d%!F%!JWJ%!789:7r%=!ECrF%!42%!6C! 7891r5%! 5$7r1d257! d%G! 969J%$7G! dB5$7%665>%$F%! C27r%G! 42%! F%! H! 4215! %66%! GBCEE6542%@!

-$! d%r$5%r! E15$7=! H! Er1E1G! d%! J1$! C$C6#G%! d2! N#&ya)#stra! F1JJ%! 2$%!E197542%!81J1>I$%!%7!F189r%$7%@!"C!Fr57542%!7%Z72%66%!GB%G7!GC5G5%!d%! 6C!42%G751$@!M%77C$7!C2!]12r!5$7%rE16C751$G!%7!F1JE1G5751$!%$!G7rC7%G!d2! 7rC579=!%66%!C!$1$!G%26%J%$7!F1$F62!H!2$%!F1JE56C751$=!JC5G!%$!C!d9$1$F9! 6%!d9G1rdr%!O)r5$5YCGC$=!`abQ!k!x1F8%r=!`ab`UPw@!T6!%G7!5$d5GE%$GCD6%!d%! 7%$5r!F1JE7%!d%!F%G!7rCYC2Z@!"%!FCrCF7Ir%!F1JE1G57%!d2!7rC579!$%!XC57!ECG! d%! d127%=! %$! %XX%7=! $%! G%rC57+F%! 42%! G7#65G7542%J%$7@! )B56! %G7! YrC5! 42%! 6B12YrC>%!%G7!F1$G75729=!E12r!GC!E62G!>rC$d%!ECr7=!d%G!Y%rG!J$9J1$542%G! 42%!G1$7!6%G!k#rik#=!1$!r%F%$G%!9>C6%J%$7!dBC27r%G!J1dC6579G!d2!7%Z7%!%7=! %$!ECr75F265%r=!2$!F%r7C5$!$1JDr%!d%!ECGGC>%G!%$!Er1G%!C2!G%5$!d%G42%6G! 56! XC27! d5G75$>2%r! F%2Z!425!X1$7!ECr75%! 5$79>rC$7%!d%! 6B%ZE1G9=! C2! JWJ%! 757r%!42%!6%G!k#rik#!O6%!F8CE57r%!jmTT!%G7!dC$G!2$%!6Cr>%!J%G2r%!F1$G7r257! d%!6C!G1r7%U=!%7!F%2Z!OC2!d%J%2rC$7!65J579G!C2Z!F8CE57r%G!mT!%7!mTTU!425!G%! G5>$C6%$7!ECr!6%2r!G7#6%!/!G#7rC!<=!G5!FCrCF79r5G7542%!d%!7127%!6C!65779rC72r%! d5dCF7542%! %7! GE9F26C75Y%=! 1n! 6%! F1JJ%$7C5r%! Obh#(yaU! G257! $9F%GGC5r%+ J%$7! 6B9$1$F9! CE81r5G7542%! Os!traU@ ,$! r%6IY%! 9>C6%J%$7=! d5GG9J5$9G! dC$G! 6%! 75GG2! d2! 7%Z7%=! d%G! #nuva*)ya )loka=! /!Y%rG! d%! 6C! 65>$9%!<!! K! F57C751$G! %$! JI7r%! #ry#! 12! anu(&ubh=! 42%! &8CrC7C! 5$F1rE1r%! H! G1$! %ZE1G9!%7!42B56!%JEr2$7%!H!6C!7rCd5751$@!.BC27r%!ECr7=!F1JJ%!6C!E62ECr7! d%G!7%Z7%G!d%!F%77%!CJE6%2r=!6%!N#&ya)#stra!GB%G7!Er1DCD6%J%$7!F1$G75729! G2r! 2$%! E9r51d%! d%! 7%JEG! CGG%[! 61$>2%=! F%! 425! r%J%77rC57! %$! 42%G751$! 6BCXX5rJC751$!dB81J1>9$9579!G127%$2%!ECr!6C!7rCd5751$@!!

(15)

L’Inde et l’impératif théâtral `ca

F%77%!G#$78IG%!%G7!1r>C$5G9%!ECr!2$!Er1]%7!d%!E%$G9%!%7!dB%ZE1G5751$!425! 5$F627! F%! 425! G%! XC57! C2! J1J%$7! JWJ%! 1n! 6%! 7rC579! G%! F1$G7572%@! ^B%G7! C5$G5! 42%=! %$! r9E1$G%! H! d%G! 1DG%rYC751$G! C$F5%$$%G! G2r! 6B9F1$1J5%! d2! 7%Z7%! 425! $%! G1$7! ECG! GC$G! Er9X5>2r%r! 6%G! Fr57542%G! F1$7%JE1rC5$%GPR=!

'D85$CYC>2E7C!$B89G57%!ECG!H!E1G%r!dB%JD69%=!dC$G!G1$!F1JJ%$7C5r%!C2! Er%J5%r! F8CE57r%=! 2$%! d9X5$5751$! C2GG5! 6CE5dC5r%! 42%! E9r%JE715r%!S! 6%!

N#&ya)#stra!%G7!2$!mah#v#kya=!2$%!/!lrC$d%!E8rCG%!<!d%!G5Z!J566%!Y%rG=!

9$1$F9%! ECr! 2$! 2$542%! 61F27%2r=! 6%! GC>%! &8CrC7C! K! 2$%! /!lrC$d%! E8rCG%!<=! FB%G7+H+d5r%! 2$! d9Y%61EE%J%$7! >12Y%r$9! ECr! d%G! 615G! 425! 625! G1$7!Er1Er%GPi@!062G! 615$=! 'D85$CYC>2E7C! GB%JE615%rC! H!d9J1$7r%r! dC$G!

6%!d97C56!42%!6%!N#&ya)#stra!1D957!H!2$!Er5$F5E%!d%!F189r%$F%!5$7%r$%Pg@!!

,$!F1JEr%$d!42B2$!7%6!7%Z7%!F1$75%$$%!%$!>%rJ%!7127%!6C!7891r5%!%G+ 7897542%! 5$d5%$$%=! d1$7! 'D85$CYC>2E7C! G%rC=! C2Z!j%+jT%!G5IF6%G=! 6%! E%$+ G%2r! 6%! E62G! r%JCr42CD6%@! )C$G! F%77%! E197542%! G12G+]CF%$7%=! 6%! 7rC579! $BC2rC57!YrC5G%JD6CD6%J%$7!%2!$5!F%77%!F189r%$F%=!$5!F%77%!%Z8C2G75Y579@! T6!C2rC57!%$!%XX%7!JC$429!G1$!1D]%7!S!d9X5$5r=!F%r7%G=!6%!789:7r%!H!6B2GC>%! d%!G%G!ErC75F5%$G!O6BCF7%2r!%7!6%!E1I7%U=!JC5G!E12r!C77%5$dr%!H!6C!X5$!42%!625! 1$7!X5Z9%!6%G!d5%2Z=!6%!rCY5GG%J%$7!%G7897542%!OrasaU=!425!%G7!E62G!42%!625+ JWJ%=! dC$G! 6C! J%G2r%! 1n! 56! XC57! CdY%$5r! 7C$7! 6B5$G7r2F751$! OvyutpattiU! G2GF%E75D6%! d%! r97CD65r! 12! JC5$7%$5r! 6B1DG%rYC$F%! d2! dharma=! 6B1rdr%! G1F51F1GJ542%! O&C$GC7+&12d1$=! `aaP!S! `QR+`QcU=! 42%! F%7! C2+d%6H! d%! 6B5$G7r2F751$! 42B%G7! 6%! )CY15r! ECr! %ZF%66%$F%! Ojñ#naU=! C27r%J%$7! d57=! 5$G5G7%$7!6%G!rC5G1$$%J%$7G!!5YCf7%G=!2$%!X1rJ%!d%!6C!d965YrC$F%!Omok(aU! K!E62G!%ZCF7%J%$7!6C!d965YrC$F%!%$!F%77%!Y5%!Oj$vanmuktiU=!F1JJ%!1$!6%! Y%rrC!E62G!615$@!! ^B%G7!C5$G5!42%!6%!N#&ya)#stra!5$G7C66%!2$%!7rCd5751$!425!G%r7!d%!X1$d%+ J%$7! H! 2$%! 85G715r%! d2! 789:7r%! 5$d5%$@! 0Cr! 2$! %XX%7! d%! r%$Y%rG%J%$7! d5CF8r1$542%=!d%G!X1rJ%G!7Crd5Y%G=!F1JJ%!6C!y#tra&!d2!&%$>C6%=!CdCE7C+ 751$!or+"*Cf7%!d%!6C!y#tr#!D12dd8542%=!12!F%G!X1rJ%G!712]12rG!Y5>12r%2G%G! C2]12rdB825!42%!G1$7!6%!}#'5#%''CJ!%7!6%!}C78%oC(5=!E%rJ%77%$7!dB9F6C5r%r! r97r1GE%F75Y%J%$7!$1JDr%!d%!7rC57G!d%!6C!789:7rC6579!5$d5%$$%!42B%ZE1G%! 6%!N#&ya)#stra=!%7=!E62G!%$F1r%=!F%!425!XC57!6B%GEr57!JWJ%!d%!G1$!Er171+ F16%!GE%F7CF26C5r%@!^%6C!dBC27C$7!42%!6%!r9E%r715r%!d2!}#'5#%''CJ!CGG1F5%! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! PR

! 'D85$CYC>2E7C! G%! XC57! 6B9F81! dB%Z9>I7%G! 425! Er1E1G%$7! dBC77r5D2%r! H! 2$! d5GF5E6%! d%! &8CrC7C!6%G!42%G751$G!d1$7!6%!7%Z7%!%G7!9JC5669!%7!F%r7C5$%G!d%G!r9E1$G%G!425!6%2r!G1$7! XC57%G!k!Y15r!&C$GC7+&12d1$=!`aaP!S!bg+bc@!!

Pi! Abhinavabh#rat$! ad! N#&ya)#stra! T! `+i! OY16@!T=! E@!bU!S! […] mah#v#ky#tman#

(a&sahasr$r!pe-a […] )#stre-a tattva* nir-$yate=! /!"B%GG%$F%! td%! 6BCr7! drCJC7542%u! %G7! %ZE1G9%! ECr! F%! 7rC579! 425! F1$G5G7%! %$! 2$%! lrC$d%! E8rCG%! F1$G75729%! d%! G5Z! J566%! )loka@!<!

Pg! Abhinavabh#rat$!ad!N#&ya)#stra!mT!`Q!sqq@!012r!6%!d97C56!d%!G1$!Cr>2J%$7C751$=!Y15r!

(16)

`bQ! Théâtres d’Asie et d’Orient. Traditions, rencontres, métissages

d%G!E5IF%G!9Fr57%G!E12r!625=!H!ECr75r!d2!Tj%!G5IF6%=!H!E62G5%2rG!e2Yr%G!d2!

789:7r%! F6CGG542%=! CY%F! 2$%! Er9d56%F751$! E12r! 6%G! drCJ%G! d%! &8%GC! O&C$GC7+&12d1$=! PQQg!S!jjm+jjmTTU@! '5$G5=! C27r%! 7rC57! 2$542%! dC$G! 6B85G715r%! 2$5Y%rG%66%! d2! 789:7r%=! 6%! }#'5#%''CJ! d1$$%+7+56! H! Y15r! %7! H! %$7%$dr%! 6%! 789:7r%! 6%! E62G! C$F5%$=! XC5GC$7! G1$$%r! 6%! GC$Gor57! %7! 6%G! Er%or57G!d2!d5C61>2%=!%7!d9E61#C$7!6%G!XCG7%G!dB2$!d5GE1G575X!GE%F7CF26C5r%! d9Fr57=!E12r!6B%GG%$75%6=!dC$G!6%!N#&ya)#stra@!! x%GE%F72%2G%!H!D5%$!d%G!9>CrdG!d%G!F1d%G!C$F5%$G=!6B%G7897542%!d%!F%G! X1rJ%G!7Crd5Y%G!$B%$!%G7!ECG!J15$G!G5$>265Ir%=!%7!6B1$!1DG%rY%!42%=!615$! dBW7r%! 6B2675J%! F8C\$1$! d%! 6C! 7rCd5751$=! 6%! }#'5#%''CJ=! $9! C2!Tj%!G5IF6%=!

d%Y5%$7! 6%! J1dI6%! d2! }C78%oC(5@! 'EECr2! C2!jmT%!G5IF6%=! 6%! }C78%oC(5!

GB%XX1rF%rC! H! G1$! 712r! d%! >C>$%r! G1$! 5$d9E%$dC$F%! %G7897542%=! %$! G%! d17C$7!dB2$!r9E%r715r%!dBe2Yr%G!%$75Ir%J%$7!$12Y%66%G=!F1JE1G9%G!H!G1$! 2GC>%@!! T6!#!C!d1$F!D5%$!2$%!85G715r%!d2!789:7r%!5$d5%$=!JC5G!F%66%!d2!789:7r%! F6CGG542%=!H!G1$!CE1>9%!%$7r%!6%!TT%!%7!6%!jT%!G5IF6%=!%G7!F1JJ%!G2GE%$d2%@! ^B%G7! d%! F%! 789:7r%+6H! %7! d%! G%G! FCrCF79r5G7542%G! X1rJ%66%G! 42%! $12G! ECr6%r1$G!Dr5IY%J%$7@!

II. Poétique

"B/!9$5>J%! d%! 6B5JE9rC75X! 789:7rC6!<=! E12r! r%Er%$dr%! 6C! X1rJ26%! d%! 05%rr%!"%>%$dr%=!5JE6542%!2$%!d12D6%!42%G751$!S!/!012r4215!%7!F1JJ%$7! 6%! 789:7r%!;!<! "BT$d%! r9E1$d! d12D6%J%$7! C2! /!012r4215!;!<! CY%F! 6%! J#78%!dB1r5>5$%!42B%66%!d1$$%!H!6BCr7!drCJC7542%!%7!6C!7891r5%!%G7897542%! 42B%66%!F1$G7r257!H!ECr75r!d%!6B%ZE9r5%$F%!d2!GE%F7C7%2r@! '2Z! 1r5>5$%G! d2! 789:7r%=! 6%! d9G1rdr%!k! F%625! 42B1$7! Er1>r%GG5Y%J%$7! 5$G7C669!6C!d9GC>r9>C751$!d2!GCY15r=!6B12D65!d%G!rI>6%G=!6C!d5GG162751$!d%G! Je2rG=! 6C! F1rr2E751$! d%G! GCFr5X5F%G@! '6CrJ9G=! 6%G! d5%2Z! 7%$7%$7! dB#! r%J9d5%r! %$! Fr9C$7! 2$! $12Y%6! 1D]%7=! FCECD6%! dB5$G7r25r%! ECr! 6%! D5C5G! d2! E6C5G5r@! T6G! d%JC$d%$7! H! &rC8J%! d%! Fr9%r! 2$! /!1D]%7! d%! ]%2! H! Y15r! %7! H! %$7%$dr%!<=!425=!G%!G2DG7572C$7!H!6BC2G7Ir%!%$G%5>$%J%$7!d%G!m%dC!%7!d%G! 7rC579G=!G%rC!d%G75$9!H!6B9d5X5FC751$!dB2$%!82JC$579!d9>rCd9%!%7!d5GG162%Pc@!

'5$G5! $C\7! 6%! 789:7r%=! 42%! 6%G! d5%2Z=! G9d257G=! X1$7! dBCD1rd! J5$%! d%! G%! r9G%rY%r@!!

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

(17)

L’Inde et l’impératif théâtral `b` T6! d%GF%$d=! E12r7C$7=! ECrJ5! 6%G! 81JJ%G! C2Z42%6G! 56! 97C57! d%G75$9=! >r:F%!H!6C!$#JE8%!-rYC!$=!6BCF7r5F%!d5Y5$%@!pEr5G%!d2!r15!02r#rCYCG=!%66%! 6%! r%]15$7! G2r! 7%rr%! %7! Y57! H! G%G! Fv79G=! 5$7r1d25GC$7! 6%! 789:7r%! H! GC! F12r@! "B85G715r%! d2! 789:7r%! $%! XC57! 42%! F1JJ%$F%r@! A66%! G%! F1$X1$d! E12r! 2$! 7%JEG!%$F1r%!CY%F!F%66%!d%!F%77%!ECGG51$!CJ12r%2G%!%$7r%!2$%!d9%GG%!%7! 2$!J1r7%6=!425!Er%$d!X5$=!dC$G!6C!Y%rG51$!6C!E62G!C$F5%$$%!d2!J#78%=!CY%F! 6%!rCEE%6!d%!6C!$#JE8%!C2!G9]12r!F96%G7%@!"%!r15!G1JDr%!dC$G!6%!d9G%G+ E15r=! 6BCr7! d2! 789:7r%! GB97%5$7@! (1G7C6>542%! d%G! r%Er9G%$7C751$G! drCJC+ 7542%G!d%!G1$!%$XC$F%=!6%!E%757+X56G!d%!02r#rCYCG=!(C82"C=!%$!d%JC$d%!6C! r%G7572751$!C2Z!d5%2Z=!425!CFFId%$7!H!GC!Er5Ir%@!m156H!6%!789:7r%!d9X5$575+ Y%J%$7!97CD65!ECrJ5!6%G!81JJ%G=!F1JJ%!2$!jeu!d5GE%$GC7%2r!d%!E6C5G5r!! K! 6B9J1751$! %G7897542%! K=! C#C$7! ECr! 6H! Y1FC751$! H! r%X1$d%r! 6%G! YC6%2rG! 978542%G@!^B%G7!C5$G5!42%!6%!J#78%!5$d5%$!CEE1r7%!6B2$%!d%G!r9E1$G%G!H!6C! 42%G751$!S!/!012r4215!6%!789:7r%!;!<!

,r!6C!42%G751$!/!^1JJ%$7!6%!789:7r%!;!<!G%!Er9G%$7%!C2GG57v7=!5$d5GG1+ F5CD6%! d%! 6C! Er%J5Ir%=! E25G42%! 6%! 789:7r%! $BC77%5$drC57! ECG! G1$! D27! K! 6%! E6C5G5r!%7!6B5$G7r2F751$!K!GC$G!6C!E%rX%F751$!X1rJ%66%!42B%Z5>%!2$!F1$G7C7! X1$dC7%2r!S!6%!789:7r%!$B%G7!ECG!6C!r9C6579=!56!%G7!d%!6B%GG%$F%!d2!789:7r%!d%! $BW7r%! ECG! 6C! r9C6579@! {! 4215! D1$! 6%! 789:7r%! GB56! d%YC57! W7r%! 6C! r9C6579!;! ^%E%$dC$7=! 56!%G7! Er%G42%! 6C! r9C6579=!56! %G7! d%! 6B1rdr%! d%! 6C! r9C6579=! 42B56! 5J57%=!r%Er9G%$7%=!Y15r%!F96IDr%!12!G2D65J%!K!1$!6%!Y%rrC!E62G!615$@!{!6C! F1$F%E751$!1FF5d%$7C6%!d%!mimèsis=!r9E1$d=!%$!%XX%7=!6C!$1751$!5$d5%$$%! dBanukara-a=!/!5J57C751$!<@!"%!789:7r%!%G7!2$%!X5F751$!425!G%!d1$$%!E12r! 6C!r9C6579=!CX5$!d%!J5%2Z!6C!J1$7r%r!C2Z!81JJ%G@!^%!789:7r%+X5F751$!%G7! d1$F!/!E19G5%!<!OC2!G%$G!97#J161>542%!d2!Y1FCD6%!>r%FU=!%7!JWJ%=!dC$G! 6%G!rC5G1$$%J%$7G!5$d5%$G=!6%!J%566%2r!d%!6C!E19G5%!Ok#vyaU=!6C!E19G5%!ECr! %ZF%66%$F%! O&C$GC7+&12d1$=! `aaP!S!P`U@! ^%! 789:7r%=! G5! E25GGCJJ%$7! drCJC7542%!%7!GE%F7CF26C5r%=!G%!657!C2GG5!F1JJ%!2$!E1IJ%@!!

(18)

`bP! Théâtres d’Asie et d’Orient. Traditions, rencontres, métissages

%G7897542%! 425! F1$X5$%=! dC$G! 6%G! GE9F26C751$G! !5YCf7%G=! H! 6B%ZE9r5%$F%! GE5r572%66%@!!

A$!4215!F1$G5G7%!F%7!alaukikatva!;!A$!Er%J5%r!65%2=!6%!789:7r%!5$d5%$! %G7!2$!GE%F7CF6%!717C6=!F1$]2>2C$7!7%Z7%=!]%2=!J2G542%=!F8C$7!%7!dC$G%@!T6! %G7! F%7! Cr7! /!F1$F%r7C$7!<=! ECr! 4215! GB%ZE6542%! 42%! 6%! 7%rJ%! n#&ya=! /!789:7r%!<=! C57! E12r! G#$1$#J%G! d%G! Y1FCD6%G! d1$7! 6%! G%$G! Er%J5%r! %G7! /!J2G5FC6579!<! OFB%G7! 6%! tauryatrika=! 6C! /!7r5E6%! J2G5FC6579!<U! 12! /!F1$F%r7!<!Osa*g$takaU@!

)B56!GBCEECr%$7%!H!6B1E9rC!1FF5d%$7C6!ECr!6C!d5Y%rG579!d%G!J1#%$G!J5G! %$! e2Yr%=! 56! GB%$! d5G75$>2%! 7127! C27C$7=! dC$G! 6C! J%G2r%! $17CJJ%$7! 1n! 6B1E9rC! G2D1rd1$$%! 6%! ]%2! H! 6C! J2G542%! %7! C2! F8C$7=! 42C$d! 6%! ]%2! d%! 6BCF7%2r! %G7! 6BCZ%! Y5DrC$7! d%! 6C! 789:7rC6579! 5$d5%$$%@! A$! r%YC$F8%=! ECr! 6B%$7r%J5G%! d2! 789:7r%! DC65$C5G! d1$7! '$71$5$! 'r7C2d! X27! 6%! GE%F7C7%2r! 9D6125!%7!62F5d%=!6%!789:7r%!5$d5%$!%G7!6C!G12rF%!dB5$GE5rC751$!d%!F%!JC$5+ X%G7%!dB2$%!789:7rC6579!$12Y%66%!42%!r%Er9G%$7%!Le Théâtre et son double@! ^%! 42BC! r%7%$2! 'r7C2d=! %$! %XX%7=! d%! 6C! r%Er9G%$7C751$! DC65$C5G%=! FB%G7! dBCD1rd!6B5d9%!dB2$!/!GE%F7CF6%!717C6!<=!425!1EE1G%!C2!789:7r%!d%!7%Z7%!d%! 6B,FF5d%$7! 2$! 789:7r%! dBCF7%2r! 1n! 7r51JE8%$7! 2$%! >%G72%66%! dB2$%! F1JE6%Z579! 5$12f%! %7! 6C! F1$Y%$751$! 6C! E62G! %Z7rWJ%@! 'r7C2d! C! r%F1$$2! dC$G!F%!789:7r%!2$!/!789:7r%!d%!6C!d9J%G2r%!<!42B56!YC!XC5r%!G5%$!]2G42BH! 625! CGG1F5%r! 6B5d9%=! 97rC$>Ir%! E12r7C$7! H! 6C! 789:7rC6579! 5$d5%$$%=! dB2$! /!789:7r%!d%!6C!Fr2C279!<@!MC5G!F%F5!%G7!2$%!C27r%!85G715r%@!

V2%66%G! G1$7! d1$F! 6%G! FCrCF79r5G7542%G! X1rJ%66%G! 425! X1$d%$7! 6Balaukikatva! d2! 789:7r%! 5$d5%$!;! (12G! $B%$! d1$$%r1$G! 42%! 6%G! Er5$F5+ EC6%G@! ,$! 1DG%rY%! dB%JD69%! 6C! d12D6%! GFC$G51$! 42B5JEr5J%$7! C2! 7%Z7%! drCJC7542%! 6BC67%r$C$F%! d%! 6C! Er1G%! %7! d%G! Y%rG=! dB2$%! ECr7=! F%66%! d%G! 6C$>2%G=! dBC27r%! ECr7!S! 6%! GC$Gor57=! r9G%rY9! C2Z! 81JJ%G! d%! 8C27! rC$>=! Fv715%!6%G!Er%or57G=!6C$>2%G!d%!J15$dr%!d5>$579!CGG5>$9%G!C2Z!81JJ%G!d%! F1$d5751$!5$X9r5%2r%!%7!C2Z!X%JJ%G=!42%6!42%!G157!6%2r!G7C727!k!G%26%G!6%G! 9r2d57%G! %7! F%r7C5$%G! d9%GG%G! 1$7! 6BC271r579! $9F%GGC5r%! E12r! ECr6%r! 6%! GC$Gor57@!)2r!6C!GFI$%!5$d5%$$%=!1$!ECr6%!2$%!6C$>2%Pb!%7!1$!6%G!F1JEr%$d! 7127%G@!! m%rG•Er1G%=!GC$Gor57•Er%or57G=!56!#!C!6H!d%2Z!d5F751$G!d2!7%Z7%!425!G1$7! GE1rCd542%J%$7! Er9G%$7%G! G2r! 6C! GFI$%! 1FF5d%$7C6%! K! Y1#%[=! E12r! 6C! G%F1$d%=! 6%G! EC#GC$G! d%! M165Ir%! 12! d%! MCr5YC2Z=! 12! 6%! E%757! E%2E6%! Y9$575%$! dBIl Campiello!k! F%r7C5$%G! e2Yr%G! d%! )8Co%GE%Cr%=! E12r! 6C! Er%J5Ir%@! A66%G! G1$7=! %$! r%YC$F8%=! F1$G757275Y%G! d%! 6C! 789:7rC6579! 5$+ !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

Pb

(19)

L’Inde et l’impératif théâtral `bw

d5%$$%=! %7! 1D95GG%$7! H! d%G! Er5$F5E%G! %ZE65F57%J%$7! 9$1$F9G! dC$G! 6%!

N#&ya)#stra=! E12r! 6B%JE615! d%G! 6C$>2%G! G2r! 6%! 789:7r%=! 12! G%! 6C5GG%$7!

d9d25r%=! %$! F%! 425! F1$F%r$%! 6C! d5G7r5D2751$! G7#65G7542%=! d%! 6B2GC>%! d%G! e2Yr%G!JWJ%G@!A$!%XX%7=!127r%!42%!6%G!Y%rG!G1$7!E12r!6B%GG%$75%6!r9G%rY9G! C2Z!61F27%2rG!d2!GC$Gor57=!6C!G7r1E8%!CEECrC\7!F1JJ%!2$!J175X!E197542%! dC$G!6C!F8C\$%!Er1GCf42%!d2!d5C61>2%@!{!F%77%!969YC751$!d%!6C!d5F751$!%7! d2!G7#6%=!42%!J%7!%$!9Y5d%$F%!6%!Er171F16%!d%!]%2!d2!}#'5#%''CJ=!F1rr%G+ E1$d! 6%! E62G! G12Y%$7! 2$%! %ZC67C751$! d2! G%$75J%$7=! 61rG42%! 6C! G7r1E8%! GB5$GIr%!dC$G!6C!d#$CJ542%!d2!d5C61>2%=!12!G1$!CEEr1X1$d5GG%J%$7!%7!GC! d56C7C751$!42C$d=!d%GFr5E75Y%=!%66%!G2GE%$d!6BCF751$!drCJC7542%@!!

/!*89:7r%!d%!6C!d9J%G2r%!<=!6%!789:7r%!5$d5%$!6B%G7!F%r7C5$%J%$7=!ECr! 6C!X1r7%!Er9G%$F%!d%!6C!J2G542%!%7!d2!F8C$7!k!ECr!6C!F1$F%E751$!96Cr>5%=! Y15r%! d5G7%$d2%=! d%! 6B%GECF%! %7! d2! 7%JEG! K! 6B5$7r5>2%! d%! .akuntal#! G%! d9r126%! G2r! G%E7! C$$9%G!k! ECr! 6C! 7127%+E25GGC$F%! d%! 6C! F1$Y%$751$=! 425! 5JE1G%=! ECr! %Z%JE6%=! H! 6C! GFI$%! 5$d5%$$%! d%! r%$1$F%r! C2! d9F1r! %7! C2Z! CFF%GG15r%G=!r%JE6CF9G!ECr!6%!]%2!d%!6BCF7%2r!k!ECr!6C!F1JE6%Z579!5$9>C69%! d%!F%!]%2=!d1$7!6%G!d5XX9r%$7G!r%>5G7r%G!27565G%$7!7127%!6C!F1JD5$C715r%!d%! 6BCGG1F5C751$!%7!d%!6C!d5GG1F5C751$!d%!6C!ECr16%!%7!d2!>%G7%=!C5$G5!42B1$!6%! Y157!XC5r%=!C2]12rdB825!%$F1r%=!dC$G!6%!}#'5#%''CJPa@!"C!F1$Y%$751$=!Y156H!

6%!JC\7r%+J17!d%!F%77%!789:7rC6579@!*127!%G7!F1d5X59=!]2G42BH!6C!7#E161>5%! d%G! d9JCrF8%G! OgatiU! CdCE79%G! C2Z! rv6%G@! ,r=! 1DG%rY%! JC65F5%2G%J%$7! 'D85$CYC>2E7C=!C+7+1$!]CJC5G!Y2=!dC$G!6%! J1$d%=!2$!r15!ECr6%r!%7!JCr+ F8%r! C2! r#78J%! d%! 6C! J2G542%! %7! d2! F8C$7!;! MC5G! 6C! F1$Y%$751$=! FB%G7! C2GG5!6C!Er9d56%F751$!d2!789:7r%!5$d5%$!E12r!6%!J175X!d%!6C!J5G%!%$!CD#J%=! F1JJ%!GB56!C5JC57!H!%Z85D%r!G%G!r12C>%G!E12r!J5%2Z!F1$X1$dr%!6%!GE%F+ 7C7%2r!%7!6BCrrCF8%r!H!GC!G2D]%F75Y579@!! ^B%G7! d5r%! 42%! 6C! 789:7rC6579! 5$d5%$$%! G%! d9E615%! G%61$! 2$! d12D6%! J12Y%J%$7!dB9FCr7!%7!dB%ZFIG@!'5$G5!6B%G7897542%!5$d5%$$%!YC+7+%66%!C2+ d%6H!d%!6C!F1$F%E751$!1FF5d%$7C6%!d2!789:7r%!F1JJ%!mimèsis@!"%!J#78%! dB1r5>5$%! Er1E1G%! 2$%! d9X5$5751$! d2! 789:7r%! F1$F2rr%$7%! d%! F%66%! dBanukara-awQ!S!6%!789:7r%!%G7!2$%!F969DrC751$!Oanuk$rtanaU=!E62G!%ZCF7%+ J%$7=!6C!/!F969DrC751$!d%G!G%$75J%$7G!Obh#v#nuk$rtanaU!d2!7r5E6%!J1$d%! 7127! %$75%r!<w`=! %$7%$dC$7! ECr! 6H! 42%! 6C! représentation! 789:7rC6%! d%! 6C! r9C6579! %ZFId%! F%77%! r9C6579@! ']1271$G! 42%! F%77%! F969DrC751$! F1$75%$7! 6C! r%Er9G%$7C751$!k!%66%!%G7!2$%!F969DrC751$!5J57C$7%=!425!G%!XC57!/!dBCErIG!<! Oanu+U!2$!1r5>5$C6@!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! Pa ! m15r!6%G!rI>6%G!d2!s#m#ny#bhinaya!dC$G!&C$GC7+&12d1$=!`aaP!S!wR`+wbc@!

wQ! N#&ya)#stra! T! ``cD!S! saptadv$p#nukara-a* n#&yam etad bhavi(yati••=! /!"B5J57C751$!

d%G!)%E7!€6%G=!F%!G%rC!6%!789:7r%!<@!

w`

(20)

`bR! Théâtres d’Asie et d’Orient. Traditions, rencontres, métissages

01r79!H!G1$!d%>r9!d%!E%rX%F751$=!6%!Y%rD%!E197542%!d9r9C65G%!6C!GFI$%=! 7C$d5G!42%!6C!r%Er9G%$7C751$!%ZF627!7127!r9C65GJ%@!^%6C!G%!E%rq157!$17CJ+ J%$7!dC$G!6%!7rCYC56!d%!6C!Y15Z@!x9>69%!ECr!d%G!F1$Y%$751$G!961F2715r%G=! 6C! r9F57C751$=! $%27r%! d2! E15$7! d%! Y2%! 9J1751$$%6=! XC57! ECrCd1ZC6%J%$7! CXX6%2r%r=! $%! G%rC57+F%! 42%! ECr! 6C! GFC$G51$! G#$7CZ542%! OY15r%! J1rE81+ 61>542%! ECr! %$dr157GU! 42B%66%! 5JEr5J%! H! 6C! E8rCG%=! 2$%! E62rC6579! d%! G5>$5X5FC751$G=! H! 6C! d5XX9r%$F%! d2! 789:7r%! 1FF5d%$7C6! 425! XC57! G1$$%r! 2$%! d5F751$!$C72r%66%=!FB%G7+H+d5r%!EG#F8161>542%=!%7!ECr!6H!2$5Y142%@!^%!425! $B%JEWF8%!ECG!6%!}#'5#%''CJ!d%!J%77r%!%$!E6CF%!2$%!7#E161>5%!F1JE6I7%! d%G!r9F57C751$G!F1rr%GE1$dC$7!H!F%66%!d%G!rv6%G@!

{! F%! E15$7! d%! 6B%ZE1G9=! $12G! C5J%r51$G! F1$7r5D2%r! H! d5GG5E%r! d%2Z! JC6%$7%$d2G! G#J97r542%G@! 012r! F%r7C5$G=! 6%! 789:7r%! 5$d5%$! G%rC57! 2$! 789:7r%! d%! 7%Z7%=! 425! $%! G%rC57! ECG! d%G75$9! H! W7r%! r%Er9G%$79@! .BC27r%G! %Z9>I7%G=!%$!r%YC$F8%=!Fr15%$7!E12Y15r!F1$F62r%!H!2$%!d9YC61r5GC751$!d2! 7%Z7%!drCJC7542%!C2!Er1X57!d%!G1$!5$FCr$C751$!GF9$542%@!*89:7r%!d%!7%Z7%! F1$7r%!789:7r%!d%!7r97%C2Z@! ^1JJ%$7!6%!789:7r%!5$d5%$!$%!G%rC57+56!ECG!2$!789:7r%!d%!7%Z7%!;!'X+ X5rJC$7! 42%! 6%! 7%Z7%! %G7! /!6%! F1rEG!<! d%! 6C! E5IF%=! 6%! Traité du théâtre! F1$GCFr%!E62G5%2rG!F8CE57r%G!C2!7%Z7%=!%$!ECr75F265%r=!H!6C!F1$G7r2F751$!d%! 6B5$7r5>2%=! H! 6C! Er1G1d5%=! H! 6C! d%GFr5E751$! 65$>25G7542%! d%G! d5XX9r%$7G! ECr6%rG! drCJC7542%G@! .BC27r%! ECr7=! 6C! 7rCd5751$! 5$d5%$$%! F1$G5dIr%! 6%! 789:7r%!F1JJ%!6C!X1rJ%!6C!E62G!8C27%!d%!6C!E19G5%@!A$X5$=!56!$B%G7!42%!d%! 65r%! $B5JE1r7%! 6C42%66%! d%G! e2Yr%G! d%! F%! 789:7r%! E12r! 42%! GC27%$7! C2Z! #%2Z!G%G!42C6579G!65779rC5r%G!%7!E197542%G=!C27C$7!42%!6B%XX5FCF579!drCJC+ 7542%!d%!G1$!5$7r5>2%@!

"BC27r%!Er9]2>9=!425!Y%27!42%!6%!789:7r%!d%!6BT$d%!C$F5%$$%!$%!G157!ECG! r%Er9G%$7CD6%=! $BC57! E%27+W7r%! ]CJC5G! 979! r%Er9G%$79=! $%! E%27! 42%! F9d%r! d%YC$7!6%G!Er%2Y%G!d%!GC!Y1FC751$!GF9$542%@!^1JJ%$7!%ZE6542%r!C27r%+ J%$7!6%G!rI>6%G!d%!ErC7542%!789:7rC6%!425!F1$G7572%$7!6B%GG%$75%6!d2!Traité

du théâtre=! %7! 6%! $1J! JWJ%! dBabhinaya! 42%! r%q157! 6%! ]%2! d%! 6BCF7%2r=!

E25G42%=!d9r5Y9!d%!6C!rCF5$%!Y%rDC6%!n$=!/!F1$d25r%!<=!56!%G7!d9X5$5=!dC$G!6%! 7rC579! JWJ%=! F1JJ%! 6B/!CF8%J5$%J%$7!<! Y%rG! 6%! GE%F7C7%2r! d2! G%$G! 5$GFr57! ECr! 6%! drCJC72r>%! dC$G! G1$! e2Yr%! ON#&ya)#stra! mTTT! g! dC$G! &C$GC7+&12d1$=! `aaP!S!`RgU!;! {! F%6C! GBC]127%$7! 6%! F8CE57r%! %$75%r! OF8CE57r%!TTU! F1$GCFr9! H! 6B9d5X5FC751$! d2! 789:7r%=! H! G1$! CrF857%F72r%! %7! H!

G%G! r57%G! d%! X1$dC751$=! C5$G5! 42%! 6%G! F8CE57r%G! 425! Er%GFr5Y%$7! 6%! FCdr%! r572%6!dC$G!6%42%6!GB5$GFr57!6C!r%Er9G%$7C751$!OF8CE57r%G!TTT!%7!mU@!!

)C$G! F1JE7%r! 6%! 79J15>$C>%! d%G! F1JJ%$7C7%2rG! C$F5%$G=! %$! ECr75+ F265%r!F%625!dB'D85$CYC>2E7C!425=!E12r!%ZE6542%r!7%6!l#sy#"ga!O&C$GC7+ &12d1$=! `aaP!S! Pb`+wRQU=! r%F12r7! H! G1$! %ZE9r5%$F%! d%! GE%F7C7%2r! d%!

.akuntal#@! 012r! %Z%JE6%! d%! d5C61>2%! GB97CD65GGC$7=! H! 6B9F8%66%! d%! 6C!

(21)

L’Inde et l’impératif théâtral `bi

d1$$%! F%! J1J%$7! d%! 6BCF7%!mTT! d%! .akuntal#! 1n! 6%G! d%2Z! CJC$7G! G1$7!

(22)

`bg! Théâtres d’Asie et d’Orient. Traditions, rencontres, métissages ^B%G7!F%!42%!d57!^6C2d%6!dC$G!L’Échange=!ECr!6C!Y15Z!d%!G1$!E%rG1$$C>%=! 6BCF7r5F%!"%F8#!A6D%r$1$!S! "B81JJ%!GB%$$25%!%7!6B5>$1rC$F%!625!%G7!C77CF89%!d%E25G!GC!$C5GGC$F%@! A7!$%!GCF8C$7!d%!r5%$!F1JJ%$7!F%6C!F1JJ%$F%!12!X5$57=!FB%G7!E12r!F%6C!42B56! YC!C2!789:7r%@!

A7! 56! G%! r%>Crd%! 625+JWJ%=! 6%G! JC5$G! E1G9%G! G2r! 6%G! >%$12Z_! OL’Échange=! 0r%J5Ir%!Y%rG51$=!CF7%!TU!

06CF9!dC$G!6C!E1G72r%!d%!F%625!425!r%>Crd%=!FB%G7+H+d5r%=!d2!79J15$=!H! D1$$%! d5G7C$F%! d%! 6C! GFI$%! 1n! 7127! G%! ]12%! r9%66%J%$7! K! JWJ%! G5! 6C! r9C6579! %G7! X5F751$! K=! 6%! GE%F7C7%2r! D9$9X5F5%! d%! 6B5JE2$579!S! 56! %G7! 81rG! F8CJE=! 81rG! ]%2@! *127! Crr5Y%! C2! E%rG1$$C>%=! r5%$! $%! 625! Crr5Y%! H! 625@! "B9J1751$! 42B56! 9Er12Y%! %G7! d1$F! 9E2r9%=! G2D65J9%@! T6! E%27! %$! ]125r! 5JE2$9J%$7=! JWJ%! GB56! GBC>57! dBCXX%F7G! 7%6G! 42%! 6%! F8C>r5$=! 6C! E%2r=! 6%! d9>1s7@! ^B%G7! F%6C=! FB%G7! F%77%! %ZE9r5%$F%=! 42%! r%F12Yr%! 6C! $1751$! 5$+ d5%$$%! G5! F1$$2%=! %7! E12r7C$7! G12Y%$7! G5! JC6! F1JEr5G%=! d%! rasa! K! 97#+ J161>542%J%$7=!6C!/!GCY%2r!<=!6%!/!G2F!<!K!425!YC27=!J97CE81r542%J%$7=! E12r! 6B9J1751$! %G7897542%@! '5$G5! F1JEr5G%=! 6C! $1751$! $B%G7! ECG! GC$G! ECr%$79!CY%F!F%66%!d%!catharsis=!42%!^6C2d%6!d9Fr57!CdJ5rCD6%J%$7!S!!

(23)

L’Inde et l’impératif théâtral `bc

JCGG%! CFF2J269%! d%G! sa*sk#ra=! 6%G! 7rCF%G! 6C5GG9%G! %$! G15! ECr! F8C42%! %ZE9r5%$F%@!!

"C!d1F7r5$%!%G7897542%!5$d5%$$%!C!X1r>9!2$!F1$F%E7!E12r!r%$dr%!F1JE7%! d2! ECrCd1Z%! 1n! G%! X1$d%! 6%! 789:7r%=! F%625! d%! pratyak(akalpaprat$ti!S! 6B%ZE9r5%$F%! d2! GE%F7C7%2r! C2! 789:7r%! %G7! 2$%! /!%ZE9r5%$F%! Er%G42%! 5JJ9d5C7%!<=! /!Er%G42%! d5r%F7%!<=! 1n! 6%! /!Er%G42%!<! %G7! 6C! F69! d2! rCY5GG%J%$7! %G7897542%@! .B2$%! ECr7=! %$! %XX%7=! GB56! %G7! YrC5! 42%! 6%G! 89r1G! d%G!C$F5%$$%G!9E1E9%G!GB5$FCr$%$7!C2Z!#%2Z!JWJ%G!d%G!GE%F7C7%2rG=!56G! $B%$! CEECr75%$$%$7! ECG! J15$G! C2! ECGG9!k! 6B5JJ9d5C7%79! d%! 6C! r%Er9+ G%$7C751$!%G7!7%JE9r9%!ECr!6BC$7542579!CY9r9%!d%G!Er17C>1$5G7%G@!.BC27r%! ECr7=!F%!425!F1$7r5D2%!H!5$7r1d25r%!2$%!d5G7C$F%!C2!G%5$!d%!6C!Er1Z5J579=! 6%!GE%F7C7%2r!G%!G12Y5%$7=!F1$X2G9J%$7=!JC5G!F1$75$sJ%$7=!d%!6C!Er9G%$F%! d%!6BCF7%2r!G12G!6%!E%rG1$$C>%@!A7!FB%G7!F%6C!C2GG5!425!>CrC$757!6C!d5G7C$F%! XCF%!H!6B9J1751$=!6B9425YC6%$7!d%!6C!$1751$!Dr%F875%$$%!d%!d5G7C$F5C751$@!! {!GC!XCq1$=!&1781!)7rC2GG!r%]15$7!6%G!C$C6#G%G!5$d5%$$%G!61rG42B56!1D+ G%rY%=!ECr6C$7!d2!E15$7!d%!Y2%!d2!GE%F7C7%2r!S! V2C$d! t6%! 789:7r%u! r92GG57=! 42C$d! 56! 27565G%! 6%G! F1J9d5%$G! E12r! rCJ%$%r! 6%! E62G!615$7C5$!H!2$%!5$F1$F%YCD6%!Er1Z5J579=!56!CF425%r7!2$%!D%C279!d9F1$F%r+ 7C$7%=! %7! 6%! Er9G%$7! >C>$%! d%G! 5$G7C$7G! 425! 6%! F1JE6I7%$7! dB2$%! JC$5Ir%! 5$+ G12Eq1$$9%!O.5GF12rG!Er1$1$F9!61rG!d%!6C!r9F%E751$!d2!Er5Z!l%1r>+&‚F8$%r! %$!`abaU@!

)5! $12G! CY1$G! Cd1E79! 2$%! E%rGE%F75Y%! 7891r542%=! F%! $B%G7! ECG! ECr! G5JE6%! d5GE1G5751$! E%rG1$$%66%@! *127%! 6C! E%$G9%! %G7897542%! 5$d5%$$%! #! 5$Y57%@! )%G! Er%J5%rG! 65$9CJ%$7G=! 1$! 6BC! Y2=! 1$7! 979! E1G9G! dC$G! 6%!

N#t/a)#stra=! CYC$7! dBW7r%! d9Y%61EE9G! ECr! 6%G! F1JJ%$7C7%2rG! d2! 7rC579=!

E12r!6C!E62ECr7!d%G!81JJ%G!d2!^CF8%J5r%=!%7!d%G!E%$G%2rG!d%!F%!F12rC$7! E8561G1E8542%!%7!J#G7542%!42B%G7!6%!!5YCfGJ%!$1$!d2C65G7%!FCF8%J5r5%$=! 5662G7r9! ECr! 'D85$CYC>2E7CwR@! ^Cr! d%G! ECGG%r%66%G! G%! J%77%$7! %$! E6CF%!

%$7r%!789:7r%!%7!J#G7542%@!! "%! rasa=! %$! %XX%7=! C! E12r! F1$d5751$! %7! F1$G942%$F%! dBCXXrC$F85r! 6%! GE%F7C7%2r!d%!G1$!%>1@!'27r%J%$7!d57=!6B%ZE9r5%$F%!%G7897542%=!F%66%!42%! X1$7!CdY%$5r!6%!789:7r%!12!dBC27r%G!X1rJ%G!Cr75G7542%Gwi=!%G7!6B1FFCG51$!d%! G%!d9>C>%r!d%G!F1$d5751$$%J%$7G!425!%$X%rJ%$7!F8CF2$!d%!$12G!42C$d!56! r%G7%!2$!5$d5Y5d2!65Yr9!C2Z!9Y9$%J%$7G!%7!C2Z!CXX%F7G!d2!J1$d%@!A$F1r%! XC27+56!2$!CF7%2r!%7!2$!GE%F7C7%2r!CFF1JE65G@!"%!N#&ya)#stra!GB%JE615%!H! 5$G7r25r%! F%7! CF7%2r!k! 6C! E197542%! 5$d5%$$%! dC$G! G1$! %$G%JD6%! H! d9X5$5r! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! wR!

m15r!$17r%!Cr75F6%!/!Aesthetica in nuce dC$G!6%!J#78%!dB1r5>5$%!d2!789:7r%!5$d5%$!<=!in! .BT$75$1!%7!l2%$[5=!PQ`P!OG12G!Er%GG%U@!)2r!6BC$C61>5%!d%G!%ZE9r5%$F%G!%G7897542%!%7! J#G7542%=!Y15r!&C$GC7+&12d1$=!PQQR!S!Pcw+PbR@!!

wi! m15r=! ECr! %Z%JE6%=! 6%G! d9Y%61EE%J%$7G! d2! Tantr#loka! TTT! PQbD+P`Q= in 0Cd12Z! %7!

(24)

`bb! Théâtres d’Asie et d’Orient. Traditions, rencontres, métissages

6B5d9C6! d2! GE%F7C7%2r! H! GC! E%rX%F751$!S! 56! %G7! 2$! sahr%daya=! 2$! 81JJ%! /!F1rd5C6!<=!G%$G5D6%!C27C$7!42B9r2d57@! ^B%G7!C5$G5!42%!6B%ZE9r5%$F%!789:7rC6%!Y9r5X5%!6%G!E1G726C7G!425!G1$7!C2! Fe2r!d2!!5YCfGJ%!$1$!d2C65G7%!FCF8%J5r5%$@!lr:F%!H!6C!d9r9C65GC751$!d%G! ECGG51$G!42B1EIr%! 6C! r%Er9G%$7C751$!drCJC7542%=! 6B81JJ%! d%! F%! J1$d%! 42B%G7!6%!GE%F7C7%2r!G%!65DIr%!d%!6C!Er5G1$!42B%G7!6C!d97%rJ5$C751$!G2D]%F+ 75Y%=!reconnaît!O$1751$!F%$7rC6%!d2!G#G7IJ%Uwg!G1$!)15!F1JJ%!5$d5G75$F7! d2! )15! 2$5Y%rG%6@! .%! JWJ%=! 6%! yogin! GB%ZF6CJ%+7+56! 5$79r5%2r%J%$7!S! /!*127%!F%77%!>615r%!%G7!J5%$$%!!!<wc=!C2!GE%F7CF6%!d%!6B2$579!r%F12Yr9%!d%! G1$!ƒ7r%!K!6%!L%!CDG162!OahamU!d9DCrrCGG9!d%G!GF1r5%G!d%!6B%>1wb!K!%7!d%! 6B2$5Y%rG@! 0CrF%!42%=!dC$G!F%77%!d1F7r5$%=!6C!d965YrC$F%!%G7!F1JEr5G%!F1JJ%!6C! r%F1$$C5GGC$F%! dB2$%! 65D%r79! dB%GG%$F%! Osv#tantryaU! 42BCYC57! 1FF2679%! 2$%!X5$572d%!7127%!F1$75$>%$7%=!%66%+JWJ%!%XX%7!d%!6C!$%GF5%$F%!Oavidy#U=! %66%! %G7! $9F%GGC5r%J%$7! F1$q2%! %7! 9Er12Y9%! F1JJ%! d965YrC$F%! %$! F%77%! Y5%@!0Cr%566%!/!r%F1$$C5GGC$F%!<=!%$!%XX%7=!$B%G7!ECG!2$!9F6C5r!d%!62F5d579! J97CE8#G542%!2675J%!425!G2r>5rC57!dC$G!6%G!d%r$5%rG!J1J%$7G!E12r!12Yr5r! 6C! Y15%! H! 2$%! d965YrC$F%! CFF%GG5D6%! post mortem k! %66%! d%JC$d%! 2$! 81JJ%!Y5YC$7=!%$!G572C751$!d%!Y9r5X5%r=!H!F8C42%!5$G7C$7=!89r1f42%J%$7!! K!$171$G! F%77%! 7rC$GE1G5751$! dC$G! 6B1rdr%! /!#1>542%!<! d2! G%$75J%$7! %G7897542%!42B%G7!6%!v$rarasa!K!6B%ZE9r5%$F%!5$5$7%rr1JE2%!42B56!XC57!d%!6C! d965YrC$F%! C2!G%5$! JWJ%! d2! X617! d%G! F1$G7r2F751$G! J%$7C6%G=! C>%$7G!d%! X5$572d%wa@! '5$G5!%$!%G7+56!9>C6%J%$7!d%!6B%ZE9r5%$F%!9Er12Y9%!C2!789:7r%=!1n!6C! ]125GGC$F%!%G7897542%!Y9F2%!F1JJ%!2$%!r%F1$42W7%!d%!G15!%G7!2$%!X5>2r%! d%!6C!j$vanmukti@!'Y%F!F%77%!d5XX9r%$F%!42%!6B9JC$F5EC751$!C5$G5!1D7%$2%! $%!6B%G7!ECG!2$%!X15G!E12r!7127%G=!F1JJ%!FB%G7!6%!FCG!E12r!6%!yogin!dIG! 42B56!C!CFF9d9!C2!)CY15r!%7!42B56!%G7=!d%!F%!XC57=!d%Y%$2!2$!jñ#nin@!A66%!%G7! H!r95$G7C2r%r=!H!F8C42%!GE%F7CF6%=!E25G42B%66%!%G7!F1%Z7%$G5Y%!C2!rasa!42%! F%!GE%F7CF6%!XC57!CdY%$5r!E%$dC$7!6%G!F5$4!12!G5Z!]12rG!$9F%GGC5r%G!H!G1$! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! wg ! ^B%G7! 6C! d1F7r5$%! d%! 6C! pratyabhijñ#=! 425! C! d1$$9! G1$! $1J! H! 6B2$%! d%G! 9F16%G! d2! !5YCfGJ%!$1$!d2C65G7%!FCF8%J5r5%$@!

wc! 0)varapratyabhijñ#k#rik#! OVers sur la Reconnaissance du SeigneurU! Tm! `P!S! sarvo

mam#ya* vibh#va ity=! F579! H! d%2Z! r%Er5G%G! dC$G! 6%! F1JJ%$7C5r%! d%! |1>Cr%]C! C2! Param#rthas#ra! OL’Essence de la Réalité suprêmeU=! Y%rG! ww! %7! i`!k! Y15r! &C$GC7+ &12d1$!%7!*r5EC785=!PQ`Q!S!`cR=!P`i@!!

wb! )2r! 6C! $1751$! F%$7rC6%! 42B%G7! 6%! L%! OahamU=! dC$G! 6C!d1F7r5$%=! Y15r! &C$GC7+&12d1$! %7!

*r5EC785=!PQ`Q!S!Pi+Pg@!

wa

(25)

L’Inde et l’impératif théâtral `ba d9r126%J%$7RQ@! "C! ]125GGC$F%! %G7897542%! %G7! 2$%! ECr%$78IG%! CEC5G9%! 1n! 6B81JJ%! d%! F%! J1$d%! %$7r%Y157=! X2>575Y%J%$7! JC5G! 5$7%$G9J%$7=! 6C! Y9r579!K!G1$!%GG%$F%@!! .2! r%G7%=! %$G%5>$%$7! 6%! N#&ya)#stra! %7! G1$! F1JJ%$7C5r%=! JWJ%! 6%G! GC>%G!Y1$7!C2!789:7r%R`@!A$7%$d%[=!GC$G!d127%=!6%G!GC>%G!1rd5$C5r%G=!F%2Z!

425! $B1$7! ECG! %$F1r%! CFF9d9! H! 6C! d965YrC$F%=! E%27+W7r%! JWJ%! F%2Z! 425=! E12r!GBW7r%!CrrW79G!%$!F8%J5$=!G1$7!Er1J5G!C2!G7C727!d%!yogabhra(&a=!6%G! /!d9F82G!d2!#1>C!<RP!S!C2!65%2!d%!6C!X965F579!F1GJ542%!Ojagad#nandaU!%7!

d2!/!r%E1G!dC$G!6%!)15!<!O#tmavi)r#ntiU!C2Z42%6G!56G!CGE5r%$7=!56G!F1$$C5G+ G%$7! 6BCJ%r! F8C>r5$! dB2$%! CGFIG%! 7r1E! r5>12r%2G%! %7=! E12r! 6B5$G7C$7=! G79r56%@! .%! 6B%ZE9r5%$F%! %G7897542%! F1JJ%! G2DG75727! 7rC$G5715r%! H! 6B%ZE9r5%$F%! GE5r572%66%! d%! 6C! d965YrC$F%@! "%! yogin! CFF1JE65=! %$! r%+ YC$F8%=!C27r%J%$7!d57=!dC$G!6C!d1F7r5$%!)aiva=!F%!jñ#nin!42B%G7!6%!d965Yr9+ Y5YC$7=!E%27!12!$1$!CGG5G7%r!C2Z!GE%F7CF6%G!d2!789:7r%=!H!GC!>25G%!S!56!%G7!H! ]CJC5G!9JC$F5E9@!

T6! #! C! 6H! d%G! d9Y%61EE%J%$7G! 425! G%! 65G%$7! in nuce! dC$G! 6%! J#78%! dB1r5>5$%! d2! 789:7r%@! T6! %$G%5>$%! 42%! 6B:>%! d2! 789:7r%=! 42%66%! 42%! G157! 6BIr%! O12! kalpaU! d%! G1$! CYI$%J%$7! O$B12D651$G! ECG! 42%! 6C! F1$F%E751$! 5$d5%$$%! d2! 7%JEG! %G7! F#F6542%U=! %G7! 6%! tret#yuga=! 6B:>%! dBCr>%$7=! >12+ Y%r$9! ECr! 6%! rajas=! Er5$F5E%! dBCF75Y579! %7! d%! ECGG51$=! ECr! 1n! GB%ZEr5J%! 6B5$425972d%! X1$dCJ%$7C6%! d%! 6B81JJ%@! "C! F1GJ1>1$5%! dC$G! 6C42%66%! GB5$GFr57! 6%! 789:7r%! %$! d97%rJ5$%! C5$G5! 6C! X1$F751$!S! 56! %G7! 6C! r9E1$G%! H! 6B5$7rC$42566579! d%G! 81JJ%G=! %66%+JWJ%! 6B%XX%7! d%! 6C! F1JD5$C5G1$! d%! E%5$%!%7!d%!]15%!425!FCrCF79r5G%!6C!Y5%!%$!F%!J1$d%@!{!F%!757r%=!6%!789:7r%! %G7!2$!Cr7!%GG%$75%66%J%$7!82JC5$=!dBC27C$7!42B9Y162%$7!G2r!G1$!%G7rCd%! d%G! CF7%2rG! 82JC5$G@! A$! %XX%7=! 6%G! d5%2Z=! Er59G! ECr! &rC8J%! dBW7r%! 6%G! 5$7%rErI7%G!d2!789:7r%!42B56!Y5%$7!d%!Fr9%r!H!6%2r!r%42W7%=!G%!G1$7!r9F2G9G@! A2Z!425!GCY%$7!6C!d%G75$C751$!Er%J5Ir%!d2!789:7r%!O425!%G7!d%!r%G7C2r%r!6%! dharmaU!E12r!6BCY15r!%2Z+JWJ%G!X5Z9%=!GCY%$7!C2GG5!42%!6C!X965F579!GC$G! J96C$>%!d%G!5JJ1r7%6G!6%G!XrCEE%!dB5$F1JE97%$F%!E12r!6%G!/!e2Yr%G!d2! 789:7r%!<!ON#&ya)#stra!T!PP!in!&C$GC7+&12d1$=!`aaP!S!Pg@U@!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

RQ! Abhinavabh#rat$! ad! N#&ya)#stra! T! `Qc=! F579! %7! 7rCd257! dC$G! &C$GC7+&12d1$! %7! *r5EC785=!PQ`Q!S!ig!O$17%!P`bU@!

R`

! N#&ya)#stra!T!``R!S!/!{!F%2Z!42%!6%!JC68%2r=!6C!XC75>2%!12!6%!F8C>r5$!712rJ%$7%$7=!H! F%2Z!425!GBCd1$$%$7!H!6BCGFIG%=!F%!789:7r%!CEE1r7%rC!6%!r%E1G!Ovi)r#ntiU!%$!F%!J1$d%! OlokeU!<!k!%7!Abhinavabh#rati&!ad loc.!S!/!-$!789:7r%!d%!F%77%!G1r7%!CEE1r7%rC!6%!r%E1G! C2Z! CGFI7%G=! 56! %JEWF8%rC! 42%! 6%! F8C>r5$! $B%$YC85GG%! 6%2rG! Fe2rG! 712rJ%$79G! d%! 6B%Z7rWJ%! XC5D6%GG%! 42%! Er1Y142%! 6C! ErC7542%! 5$5$7%rr1JE2%! d%! Ye2Z! 7%6G! 42%! 6%! kr%cchrac#ndr#ya-a = ! %7F@!<!OY15r!&C$GC7+&12d1$=!PQQR!S!`PPU@!

RP! )2r! 6B2GC>%! )aiva! d%! 6C! $1751$! d%! yogabhra(&a=! Y15r! Param#rthas#ra! ab+`Q`! dC$G!

(26)

`aQ! Théâtres d’Asie et d’Orient. Traditions, rencontres, métissages

'5$G5!GB%ZE6542%!%$F1r%!6C!d9X5$5751$!d2!789:7r%!F1JJ%!2$!/!1D]%7!d%! ]%2!<=!E25G42%!6%!]%2!$%!G%!F1$q157!ECG=!F1JJ%$7%!'D85$CYC>2E7C=!dC$G! 2$! 7%JEG! %7! dC$G! 2$! 65%2! 1n! rI>$%$7! 2$5X1rJ9J%$7! 12! 6C! ]15%! 12! 6C! E%5$%!S! $5! 6%! kr%tayuga=! 6B:>%! dB1r=! $5! 6%! kaliyuga=! 6B:>%! d%! X%r=! JC5G! 6%!

tret#yuga=! 6B:>%! dBCr>%$7 k! $5! 6%! ECrCd5G=! $5! 6%G! %$X%rG=! JC5G! 6%! LCJD2dY$EC=! 6B/!\6%! d2! ]CJD1G5%r!<=! C27r%J%$7! d57! 6BT$d%=! 425! G2XX57! H! r%Er9G%$7%r! 6%! G9]12r! d%G! J1r7%6G@! 062G! 7Crd=! d1$F=! 6%G! GE9F26C751$G! !5YCf7%G! 2$5X5%r1$7! 6%G! d5XX9r%$7G! CGE%F7G! d2! J#78%! G12G! 6%! F8%X! dB2$! Er5$F5E%!%ZE65FC75X!2$542%!%7!G2E9r5%2r!S!6%!789:7r%!F1JJ%!d5Y%r75GG%J%$7! %G7! 6B2$%! d%G! J1dC6579G! d2! ]%2! F1GJ542%! 1n! 6C! 65D%r79! d5Y5$%! 7r12Y%! H! GB%Z%rF%rRw!k!56!%G7!6%!Er1d257!dB2$!%$]12%J%$7!d%!6C!d5Y5$579@!

Bibliographie

&C$GC7+&12d1$=! "#$%=! Poétique du théâtre indien. Lectures du! N#&ya)#stra=! 0Cr5G=! pF16%! XrC$qC5G%! dBAZ7rWJ%+,r5%$7=! `aaP! O02D65FC751$G! d%! 6BpF16%! XrC$qC5G%!dBAZ7rWJ%+,r5%$7=!`gaU@!!

&C$GC7+&12d1$=! "#$%=! /!.9X5$5751$G! 5$d5%$$%G! d2! >%$r%! 789:7rC6!<=! in! &C6D5r=! (C65$5! Od5r@U=! Genres littéraires en Inde=! 0Cr5G=! 0r%GG%G! d%! 6C! )1rD1$$%! $12Y%66%=!`aaRC=!E@!`ai+P`c@!

&C$GC7+&12d1$=! "#$%=! /!"%! 7%Z7%! CFF1JE65! ECr! 6C! GFI$%@! ,DG%rYC751$G! G2r! 6%G! Y%rG51$G!d%!.akuntal#!<=!Journal asiatique!PbP!OPU=!`aaRD=!E@!Pb`+wwP@! &C$GC7+&12d1$=!"#$%=!/!x57%!%7!GFI$%!dC$G!6BT$d%!C$F5%$$%!S!6B%$G%5>$%J%$7!d2!

Nâtyaçâstra!<=! Annuaire de l’École pratique des hautes études=! Section des sciences religieuses. Résumé des conférences et travaux. 1994-1995=! 0Cr5G=! A0~A=!`aaRF=!71J%!`Qw=!E@!`Pw+`Pg@!

&C$GC7+&12d1$=!"#$%=!/!x57%!%7!GFI$%!dC$G!6BT$d%!C$F5%$$%!S!6%!J#78%!dB1r5>5$%! d2! 789:7r%!<=! Annuaire de l’École pratique des hautes études=! Section des sciences religieuses. Résumé des conférences et travaux. 1995-1996=! 0Cr5G=! A0~A=!`aai=!71J%!`QR=!E@!`gc+`cw@!

&C$GC7+&12d1$=!"#$%=!Le Théâtre de Kâlidâsa=!7rCd257!d2!GC$Gor57!%7!d2!Er:or57=! Er9G%$79!%7!C$$179=!0Cr5G=!lC665JCrd=!`aag!O^1$$C5GGC$F%!d%!6B,r5%$7U@! &C$GC7+&12d1$=!"#$%=!Pourquoi le théâtre ? La réponse indienne=!0Cr5G=!M566%!

%7!2$%!$257G=!PQQR!O"%G!42CrC$7%!0565%rGU@!!

&C$GC7+&12d1$=!"#$%!Od5r@U=!Théâtre de l’Inde ancienne=!0Cr5G=!lC665JCrd=!PQQg! O&5D65178I42%!d%!6C!0695Cd%U@!

&C$GC7+&12d1$=! "#$%! %7! "Crd5$15G=! x16C$d! Od5r@U=! Sylvain Lévi (1863-1935). Études indiennes, histoire sociale=!*2r$8127=!&r%E16G=!PQQc!O&5D65178I42%!d%! 6BpF16%!d%G!8C27%G!972d%G=!)F5%$F%G!r%65>5%2G%G=!`wQU@!

&C$GC7+&12d1$=! "#$%! O9d@=! 7rCd@U! %7! *r5EC785=! }CJC6%G8CdC77C! O7rCd@U=! An Introduction to Tantric Philosophy. The Param#rthas#ra of Abhinavagupta !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

Rw! 0Cr! %GG%$F%=! %$! %XX%7=! 6C! F1$GF5%$F%! %G7! 65Dr%! OsvatantraU=! %7=! dC$G! GC! 65D%r79=! ]1257!

(27)

L’Inde et l’impératif théâtral `a`

with the Commentary of Yogar#ja=! "1$dr%G•(%h! |1ro=! x1276%d>%=! PQ``! Ox1276%d>%!)72d5%G!5$!*C$7r5F!*rCd5751$G=!wU@!

&C$GC7+&12d1$=!"#$%=!/!Aesthetica in nuce!dC$G!6%!J#78%!dB1r5>5$%!d2!789:7r%! 5$d5%$!<! 5$! .BT$75$1=! )56Y5C! %7! l2%$[5=! ^C7%r5$C! Od5r@U=! Aux abords de la clairière. Études indiennes et comparées en l’honneur de Charles Malamoud=! *2r$8127=!&r%E16G=!PQ`P!O&5D65178I42%!d%!6BpF16%!d%G!8C27%G!972d%G=!)F5%$F%G! r%65>5%2G%G=!`iR!K!~5G715r%!%7!Er1G1E1>rCE85%=!cU=!E@!PQa+PwR@!)12G!Er%GG%@!! &1r>%G=!L1r>%!"25G= L’Aleph=!0Cr5G=!lC665JCrd=!`acc!O"BTJC>5$C5r%U@!

^6C2d%6=!0C26=!Mes idées sur le théâtre=!0Cr5G=!lC665JCrd=!`agg!O`Ir%!9d5751$!dC$G!

Cahiers Paul Claudel!T=!0Cr5G=!lC665JCrd=!`aiaU@!

^6C2d%6=!0C26=!L’Échange=!dC$G!Théâtre!TT=!0Cr5G=!lC665JCrd=!PQ``!O&5D65178I42%! d%!6C!0695Cd%U@!

.2Fr17=! ,GhC6d! %7! )F8C%XX%r=! L%C$+MCr5%=! Nouveau Dictionnaire encyclo-pédique des sciences du langage= 0Cr5G=!)%256=!`aai@!

L1#F%=!LCJ%G=!/!"%!drCJ%!%7!6C!Y5%!<=!dC$G!Œuvres!T=!0Cr5G=!lC665JCrd=!`abP@! }CEG7%5$=! MC778%h=! The Rise of Wisdom Moon=! (%h! |1ro=! (%h! |1ro!

-$5Y%rG57#!0r%GG=!PQQa!O^6C#!)C$Gor57!"5DrCr#=!iPU@!

}25E%r=!rrC$F5GF2G!&@!L@=!Varu-a!and Vid!(aka : On the Origin of the Sanskrit Drama= 'JG7%rdCJ•,ZX1rd•(%h+|1ro=! (1r78+~166C$d! 02D65G85$>! ^1JEC$#=! `aca@!!

"9Y5=! )#6YC5$=! Le Théâtre indien,! P%! 75rC>%! O`r%! 9d@! `baQU=! 0Cr5G=! ~1$1r9!

^8CJE51$=! `agw! O&5D65178I42%! d%! 6BpF16%! d%G! 8C27%G! 972d%G=! )F5%$F%G! E856161>542%G!%7!85G71r542%G=!bwU@! MC6CJ12d=! ^8Cr6%G=! /!x57%=! G5J26CFr%=! 789:7r%@! ,DG%rYC751$G! G2r! 6%G! 969J%$7G! drCJC7542%G!dC$G!6%!F267%!G16%$$%6!Y9d542%!<=!5$!&C$GC7+&12d1$=!"#$%!Od5r@U=! Théâtres indiens= 0Cr5G=! pd5751$G! d%! 6BpF16%! d%G! 8C27%G! 972d%G! %$! GF5%$F%G! G1F5C6%G=!`aab!OPuru(#rtha=!PQU=!E@!Pi+Rw@! M%%rhCr78=!'6%ZC$dr%=!/!"%G!Kath#kalis!d2!MC6CDCr!<=!Journal asiatique!PQa=! `aPg=!E@!`aw+PbR@!

09drC>651=!'rJ%66%=!Un drame allégorique sanskrit. Le Prabodhacandrodaya de Kr%(-ami)ra=!0Cr5G=!d%!&1FFCrd=!`acR!O02D65FC751$G!d%!6BT$G75727!d%!F5Y565GC751$! 5$d5%$$%=!wgU@!

M2G=! 0C26=! /!x9G2J9! d%G! F12rG! %7! 7rCYC2Z!S! x57%G! drCJC7542%G! %7! 789:7r%! 5$d5%$G!<=!Annuaire du Collège de France, 67e année=!`agc=!E@!wcc+waQ@!

!

(C>Cr x@! )@! O9d@U=! N#&ya)#stra! with the Commentary Abhinavabh#rat$ by

Abhinavagupt#c#rya=!.%685=!0Cr5JC6!02D65FC751$G=!`ab`+`abR=!R!Y16@!

0Cd12Z=! '$dr9! %7! )56D2r$=! "565C$=! Abhinavagupta. La lumière sur les Tantras. Chapitres 1 à 5 du Tantr#loka=! 0Cr5G=! d%! &1FFCrd=! `aca! O02D65FC751$G! d%! 6BT$G75727!d%!F5Y565GC751$!5$d5%$$%=!ggU@!

x%$12=!"125G=!L’Inde fondamentale. Études d’indianisme réunies et présentées par Charles Malamoud=!0Cr5G=!~%rJC$$=!`acb@!

x1F8%r=! "2d1=! /!*8%! *%Z72C6! *rCd5751$! 1X! 78%! Bh#rat$yan#&ya)#stra!S! '! 0856161>5FC6! 'GG%GGJ%$7!<=! Wiener Zitschrift für die Kunde Südasiens und Archiv für Indische Philosophie!Pi=!`ab`=!E@!`Qc+`wQ@!

(28)

`aP! Théâtres d’Asie et d’Orient. Traditions, rencontres, métissages

)r5$5YCGC$=! )r5$5YCGC! '##C=! On the Composition of the N#&ya)#stra= x%5$D%o=! m%r6C>! X‚r! ,r5%$7C65G75GF8%! rCF8E2D65oC751$%$=! `abQ! O)72d5%$! [2r! T$d161>5%! 2$d!TrC$5G75o=!i+g=!M1$1>rCE85%!`U@!

Références

Documents relatifs

plus participatif , lieu d’une création plus libre (le théâtre en rond primitif, le théâtre grec, le théâtre au Moyen Age, les théâtres élizabéthain et. espagnol,

Si le demandeur s'implique dans l'action: on utilise Let us (let's) +not + base verbale.. Let's not tell Lucile

Le marché du théâtre, considéré en termes de public, n'est pas monolithique. La même règle qui prévaut pour d'autres types de produits prévaut aussi pour ce secteur;

Bor moditinum voluptat resequi derumquiatur repel illescimusa diti velignimus aut arit ratium aliquam, sita sima nonsed qui utento quam, totae natem sum dolorior.. Arum rerferum

Des conventions de coopération sont en cours de discussion avec les sociétés japonaises de physique (~ 18 000 membres) et de physique appliquée (~ 25 000 membres), que

- Pour faciliter la prononciation, on ajoute un « s » à la deuxième personne du singulier des verbes du premier groupe, et du verbe aller, quand le mot qui suit est « en » ou. «

On remarque d’abord, tous les chapitres étudiés le montrent à divers niveaux, que l’éducation dans un domaine donné dépasse toujours ce seul domaine en particulier et vise,

• Au Bangladesh, le HCR a coopéré avec le Gouvernement intérimaire, l’Équipe des Nations Unies dans le pays et un groupe directeur composé d’intervenants concernés,