! ! !!
CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!"#$%
"#$%&#'$()#'*!+)#,%&%#-%!
)#!.()/%0(-'*!1#$)*)2(%3!
-XO\
%XIIDOR1HZ<RUN86$
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
"#$%"$&'(!)*!
+,-./01-23!42!)566478!9877/:/!86!;021!4,<!"=-/,=/1!
%42-8,47!9/,2/0!680!$,2878:-=47!&/1/40=>!
%42-8,47!9/,2/0!680!)-8?/<-=47!$,2878:3!
!"#$%&'(()*#%+*),%
%42-8,47!@5?4,!A/,8?/!&/1/40=>!B,12-252/!
!
!"#$%"&#'("&)*+(",$%$"-$*
("*.'(/$0'-&)*1"#()(23!
!
CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS
!"#$%
!"#$%"&#'("&)*+(",$%$"-$*("*.'(/$0'-&)**
-XO\
%XIIDOR1HZ<RUN86$
6SRQVRUHGE\
!"#$%
QDWLRQDO FHQWHUIRU RQWRORJLFDO UHVHDUFK
!"#$%&'#()*+(*,-..+/0*10//%2%*0.*3&('*+"4*56#%"6%'7*8+(#0"+/*1%"(%&*.0&*9"(0/02#6+/*:%'%+&6;7*8+(#0"+/*1%"(%&*.0&*,#0<%4#6+/*9"(0/02)7*
10<=-(%&*>+'?*@&0-=7*102"#2%"*10&=0&+(#0"7*ABA3*C@D*+"4*(;%*E&0(%#"*9"(0/02)*
C%*F0-/4*+/'0*/#?%*(0*+6?"0F/%42%*2%"%&0-'*'-==0&(*.&0<*(;%*8+(#0"+/*G-<+"*@%"0<%*:%'%+&6;*A"'(#(-(%*H8G@:AI**
J-"4#"2*.0&*(;#'*60".%&%"6%*F+'*<+4%*=0''#K/%*#"*=+&(*K)*(;%*!"#(%4*5(+(%'*8+(#0"+/*A"'(#(-(%'*0.*G%+/(;*H8AGI*(;&0-2;*(;%*8AG*:0+4<+=*.0&*
B%4#6+/*:%'%+&6;7*@&+"(*L*!MN*G@OONOPQ7*+"4*K)*L*:LR*G@OODPRLSOL*.&0<*(;%*8+(#0"+/*G-<+"*@%"0<%*:%'%+&6;*A"'(#(-(%*H8G@:AIT*>;%*
$#%F'*%U=&%''%4*#"*F&#((%"*60".%&%"6%*<+(%&#+/'*0&*=-K/#6+(#0"'*+"4*K)*'=%+?%&'*+"4*<04%&+(0&'*40*"0(*"%6%''+&#/)*&%./%6(*(;%*0..#6#+/*=0/#6#%'*
0.*(;%*V%=+&(<%"(*0.*G%+/(;*+"4*G-<+"*5%&$#6%'*0&*(;%*8+(#0"+/*A"'(#(-(%'*0.*G%+/(;W*"0&*40%'*<%"(#0"*K)*(&+4%*"+<%'7*60<<%&6#+/*=&+6(#6%'7*
0&*0&2+"#X+(#0"'*#<=/)*%"40&'%<%"(*K)*(;%*!T5T*@0$%&"<%"(T*A".0&<+(#0"*0"*(;%*8+(#0"+/*1%"(%&'*.0&*,#0<%4#6+/*10<=-(#"2*6+"*K%*.0-"4*+(*
;((=YZZ"#;&0+4<+=T"#;T20$ZK#0#".0&<+(#6'T*
!
!"#$%"&#'("&)*+(",$%$"-$*("*.'(/$0'-&)*1"#()(23*
!
LLL PREFACE
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
/LNH LWV SUHGHFHVVRU WKH VHFRQG ,&%2 FRQIHUHQFH DOVR KHOG LQ %XIIDOR LV EDVHG RQWKH UHFRJQLWLRQ WKDW WKHVH GLIIHUHQW RQWRORJLHV QHHG WRZ RUN WRJHWKHU LI ZH DUH WRP D[LPL]H WKH GHJUHH WR ZKLFK WKH\ FDQ VHUYH WKH QHHGV RI UHVHDUFKHUV DQG FOLQLFLDQV LQ VXSSRUWLQJ WKH LQWHJUDWLRQRIGLYHUVHERGLHVRIGDWD7KHFRQIHUHQFHDFFRUGLQJO\EULQJVWRJHWKHUVFLHQWLVWVDQG LQIRUPDWLFLDQV GHYHORSLQJ DQGXV LQJ RQWRORJLHV DFURVV WKH HQWLUH VSHFWUXP RIEL RORJ\ DQG FOLQLFDODQGWUDQVODWLRQDOPHGLFLQH
:HDUHSOHDVHGWRDFNQRZOHGJHWKHVXSSRUWRIPDQ\LQGLYLGXDOVDQGLQVWLWXWLRQVLQWKHPDNLQJ RI WKLV FRQIHUHQFH )LUVW WKH 1,+ 1DWLRQDO +XPDQ *HQRPH 5HVHDUFK ,QVWLWXWH SURYLGHG D FRQIHUHQFHJUDQW5+*ZKLFKIXQGHGDQXP EHURIJHQHURXVIHOORZVKLSVWRHDUO\
FDUHHU SDUWLFLSDQWV DQG DOVR IXQGV IRU WKH1 DWLRQDO &HQWHU IRU %LRPHGLFDO 2QWRORJ\ 1&%2 ZKLFKSURYLGHGYDOXDEOHVFLHQWLILFDQGRUJDQL]DWLRQDODVVLVWDQFHDQGVSRQVRUHGDSDQHORQWKH WRSLFRIRQWRORJ\WHFKQRORJ\LQVXSSRUWRIFOLQLFDODQGWUDQVODWLRQDO6FLHQFH6HFRQGWKH3URWHLQ 2QWRORJ\&RQVRUWLXPZKRVSRQVRUHGDSDQHORQSURWHLQVDQGGLVHDVHV7KLUGWKHPHPEHUVRI WKH2UJDQL]LQJDQG3URJUDP&RPPLWWHHVDQGHVSHFLDOO\2OLYLHU%RGHQUHLGHUIRULQGLVSHQVDEOH VXSSRUW LQ FUXFLDO SKDVHV RIWKHF RQIHUHQFH SUHSDUDWLRQ )RXUWK &RPSXWHU 7DVN *URXS DQG
&RJQLJHQ &RUSRUDWLRQ IRU WKHLU VSRQVRUVKLS RI FRQIHUHQFH UHFHSWLRQV )LIWK WKH 8QLYHUVLW\ DW
%XIIDOR IRU SURYLGLQJ ORJLVWLFDO VHUYLFHV $QG ILQDOO\ 6DQGUD * 6PLWK IRU H[HUFLVLQJ KHU FRQIHUHQFLQJRUJDQL]LQJVNLOOVLQZD\VZKLFKJRIDUEH\RQGWKHFDOORIGXW\
%DUU\6PLWK
&RQIHUHQFH&KDLU
%XIIDOR1HZ<RUN86$
-XO\
v
!
ICBO ORGANIZING COMMITTEE
Conference Chair: Barry Smith, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA Judith A. Blake, The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, USA
Suzanna E. Lewis, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA Mark A. Musen, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
Alan Ruttenberg, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA Susanna-Assunta Sansone, Oxford University, Oxford, UK Dagobert Soergel, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
Christian J. Stoeckert Jr., University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA
ICBO PROGRAM COMMITTEE
Program Committee Chair: Alan Ruttenberg, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY USA Co-Chair: Olivier Bodenreider, NIH National Library of Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA Co-Chair: Maryann E. Martone, University of California at San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA Workshops and Tutorials Chair: Stefan Schulz, Medical University of Graz, Austria
Doctoral and Postdoctoral Consortium Chair: Albert Goldfain, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA Software Demonstrations Chair: Patricia L. Whetzel, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
Colin Batchelor, Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge, UK Thomas Beale, Ocean Informatics
Judith A. Blake, The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, USA Sebastian Brandt, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK Werner Ceusters, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA Rex Chisholm, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA Jim Cimino, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
Mélanie Courtot, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
Lindsay G. Cowell, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX, USA Alexander D. Diehl, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
Michel Dumontier, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada Louis J. Goldberg, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA Janna Hastings, European Bioinformatics Institute, Hinxton, UK Pascal Hitzler, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, USA Robert Hoehndorf, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK Larry Hunter, University of Colorado, Denver, CO, USA
Marijke Keet, School of Computer Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa Jobst Landgrebe, Cognotekt UG, Cologne, Germany
Suzanna E. Lewis, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA Philip Lord, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
Jose L. V. Mejino, Jr., University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA Alexa McCray, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
Christopher J. Mungall, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA Mark A. Musen, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
Darren Natale, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
Chimezie Ogbuji, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA Helen Parkinson, European Bioinformatics Institute, Hinxton, UK
Bjoern Peters, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, San Diego, CA, USA Daniel Rubin, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
Peter Robinson, Charité Hospital, Berlin
Susanna-Assunta Sansone, Oxford University, Oxford, UK Ulrike Sattler, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
Richard Scheuermann, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX, USA Barry Smith, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
Dagobert Soergel, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA Robert Stevens, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
Ida Sim, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA Harold Solbrig, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
Kent Spackman, International Health Terminology Standards Development Organization Christian J. Stoeckert Jr., University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA
Cathy Wu, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA; University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
YLL
!
TABLE OF CONTENTS
3UHIDFHLLL
,&%2&RPPLWWHHVY
ICBO Presentations
!"#$#%&'%()%&*(+,%-+.%!"-/%(/%0#-+)%1*$%'+/*2*,3%45/#+)(*+%
!"#$"%&'()*$#"+%,-"./$(/0%12%!0*#0%
%
6#7()(+,%/"#%8#22%'+/*2*,3%9%
3'--'./'%,2%1''4".+%!4-$(#054'-%62%1*.7"88+%98':".;'-%<2%<$'48%
%
6-:(.%;#7#2*:<#+/%*1%-+%'+/*2*,3%*1%8*$(#22%8#22%=(+#)%%%
!4"0%&".7+%30="(>%9;"=*($"?+%@'8'.%&"-?$.(0.+%6"='(%1"80.'%
%
8#22%=(+#%'+/*2*,3>%6#.#)(,+(+,%/"#%8#22%=(+#%?+*@2#.,#A-)#%/*%B(.%C+/#,$-/(7#%D$-+)2-/(*+-2%C+1*$<-/(E)%% A$-"-"#%A"-.#$B$C"$+%D*0(4*".7%E$".7+%3'--'./'%,2%1''4".+%98':".;'-%<2%<$'48+%F="%G'=5"#$+%%
A#'54".%A/4*-'-+%!4"0%&".7+%6"='(%1"80.'+%@'8'.%&"-?$.(0.+%H-$".%<2%9#4'I+%J0.7)*.%@'%%
%
D*@-$.)%-%F#<-+/(E%!#A%B::2(E-/(*+>%'+/*2*,3G;$(7#+%'$/"*2*,%82H)/#$(+,%B+-23)()%
J*%K$.+%D*0(4*".7%E$".7+%J0.7)*.%@'% %
%
I#-$/83E>%B%8-$.(-E%83E2#%J$*E#))%'+/*2*,3%K-)#.%(+%/"#%'+/*2*,3%*1%J"3)(E)%1*$%K(*2*,3%
<".$'8%K2%!00?+%1$/4"8%L"8;>$/?$+%1":M'88%K2%N'"8+%60('%K2G2%1'C$.0+%604.%@2%L'.."-$%!
%
8*<:*)(/#%B++*/-/(*+%1*$%I#-$/%;#7#2*:<#+/% %
3"-$)%9O;*88"+%PI".%Q==(+%6'".R1"-/%A/48'$/4+%P0.%A*=='-(%
%
'+/*2*,3GK-)#.%B+-23)()%*1%47#+/G6#2-/#.%J*/#+/(-2)% %
LM'.%,-$(4?0SS+%P0O'-#%,-".?+%&"'"%K'&'.;*
%
6(7#$%L2*@%0*.#2%*1%;()#-)#)%%
P$$/4$-0%1$>07*/4$+%T0*C$%T0>"?$+%@$-0?0%T0*+%J*?$%J"="7"#"+%3"?'(4$%Q="$+%T"I0%U"?$+%T">*4$?0%V4'%
%
;():*)(/(*+)%-+.%J$*E#))#)%(+%/"#%4<*/(*+%'+/*2*,3%%
6".."%@"(#$.7(+%U'-.'-%!'*(#'-(+%H"--I%A=$#4+%T'B$.%1*88$7".%
%
B+%B.7-+E#.%F/$-/#,3%1*$%C+/#,$-/(*+%*1%K(*2*,(E-2%0#-)H$#<#+/%;-/-% %
@$-0(4$%1"(*I"+%L'0-7$0(%G2%L?0*#0(+%N0O*4$?0%3"."?"+%T">*.0-$%U"?$+%J0(4$4$-0%V?*;"+%3"#(*I"%T*(4$;"+%
N0-$0%T0O"I"(4$+%T0C$%<0$+%T0*C$%T0>"?$+%P0O'-#%@0'4.;0-S+%A4$7'4"-*%U"?"."+%3'#(*-0%30I0;"+%P$$/4$-0%1$>07*/4$%%
%
B++*/-/(+,%45:#$(<#+/-2%6#E*$.)%M)(+,%'+/*2*,(#)%%
98':".;'-%L"-/W"+%V87"%L$-"8;0+%6"'8%L"-/W"%%
%
'+/*2*,3%;$(7#+%;-/-%8*22#E/(*+%1*$%4HJ-/";K%%
6$'%D4'.7+%V="-%A2%@"-O+%!4-$(#$".%62%A#0'/?'-#%6-2%%
%
;#7#2*:(+,%-+%B::2(E-/(*+%'+/*2*,3%1*$%K(*<#.(E-2%6#)*H$E#%B++*/-/(*+%-+.%6#/$(#7-2>%
8"-22#+,#)%-+.%=#))*+)%=#-$+#.%%%
!"-80%30-.$"$+%1"##%H-*(4+%N$/08'%G"($8'B(?I+%X-$?%A'7'-;'88+%1'8".$'%U$8(0.+%%
3'.$88'%604.(0.+%T"-'.%!0-;"I+%!4-$(%A4"SS'-+%1'8$(("%@"'.;'8+%
%
0-::(+,%8*<:*)(/(*+%1*$%0-/E"(+,%=-$,#%=(1#%FE(#+E#%'+/*2*,(#)%%%
9.$?"%L-0((+%1$/4"'8%@"-#*.7+%30-"8S%T$-(#'.+%X-4"-;%P"4=%%
%
&#+#$(E%F#<-+/(E%6#2-/#.+#))%0#-)H$#%1*$%K(*<#.(E-2%'+/*2*,(#)%%
60Y0%<2%,'--'$-"+%,-"./$(/0%12%!0*#0%
%
YLLL
!
!
!
"#$%&$&%!'()!*+,+-$')!./0),$1)&'!2&'3#3%4!+&5!'()!2&'3#3%4!63,!7$31)5$8+#!9&:)-'$%+'$3&-!!
;-$&%!"%,))1)&'<+=),!!!
!"#$%&$'(%)**+'()*,&-'./%)$+'01$2$-3'41+'5%",&/'."#+'7"%8",'5"-"2&"9"%+':*";$#'<='(%19+'5%&/&'5"%&>2+'?,&/'.2$/2'
!
"!>+-)!?'@54!36!9>ABCC!"&+'314!D+#@)!?)'!./',+8'$3&!6,31!?E2<.A!>F!!!
@1)A&"-'B&"-3+'4"%)#C'D='.)#;%&3+'D);$%/'B=@='(2"#,$%*+'E$-/'.F"G>,"-+'?#"-'H='D$G/)%+'(2%&*/)F2$%'@='(21/$'
!
F()!GHI!"00,3+8(!'3!?)1+&'$8!9&'),30),+J$#$'4!!
B);*/'H"-C3%$;$+'I"%%8'.,&/2'
!
K)0,)-)&'$&%!'()!K)+#$'4!;&5),#4$&%!A)13%,+0($8!A+'+!!
J&##&",'D='4)3"-+'.6$/2"'@"%&,"##"+'.2"%&A'?='K"%&A'
!
9&63,1+'$3&!<35)#-!+&5!2&'3#3%$)-!63,!K)0,)-)&'$&%!'()!.#)8',3&$8!G)+#'(!K)83,5!!
L"-&$#'E"%#**)-+'7"%/&-'I$%9$##+'./$M"-'.G21#9 '
!
2&'3#3%4B7+-)5!<+113%,+0(4!"&&3'+'$3&!+&5!?$1$#+,!<+--!K)',$):+#!L$'(!?MNKH!!!
4">"-'I1#1+'?C&#'?#F>)G">+'5&-"%'I"#G&'
!
F()!>GK2E92;?!2&'3#3%4!?@$')O!<)'(353#3%4!+&5!A)-$%&!*,$&8$0#)-!
H1G'.G2-$&C$%+'7"/2&"*'I%)G22"1*$-'
!
"00#4$&%!K$%$5$'4!'3!?'+&5+,5$P$&%!272!Q3@&5,4!>+&5$5+')!2&'3#3%$)-!!
5"/%&G$'.$8$C+'./1"%/'(='.2"F&%)'
!
G$%%-!73-3&-R!<+,-!<$--$3&-R!+&5!;&$83,&!A)#@-$3&-O!!
G3L!'3!A)+#!L$'(!F),1-!36!A@J$3@-!K)6),)&8)!$&!?8$)&'$6$8!2&'3#3%$)-!!
./$M"-'.G21#9+'7"/2&"*'I%)G22"1*$-+'D);$%/'4)$2-C)%M'
!
F3L+,5-!+&!2&'3#3%4!63,!>3&8)0'@+#!<35)#$&%!S!!
B",$*'5='7G(1*>$%+'B)"--$'H1G&"-)+'L$;)%"2'H='7G@1&--$**'
!
:KDWVLQDQµLVDERXW¶/LQN"&KHPLFDO'LDJUDPVDQGWKH,QIRUPDWLRQ$UWLIDFW2QWRORJ\!
B"--"'4"*/&-3*+'()#&-'I"/G2$#)%+'<";&"-'N$12"1*+'(2%&*/)F2'./$&-;$G>'
!
7$3+--+4!2&'3#3%4!'3!A)-8,$J)!G$%(BF(,3@%(0@'!?8,))&$&%!"--+4-!+&5!'()$,!K)-@#'-!! O,"'!$,F"/&+'O;;)'!&**$%+'.",&-C"'?;$8%16"-+'E1-&$'.">1%"&+'7"3C"#$-"'5%98C9&"#+'
("/8'(21-3+'D);&-'.,&/2+'?,"%'E)#$/&+'(2%&*/)F2$%'7"C$%+'!"-G$'H$,,)-+'./$F2"-'.G2P%$%'
!
"!Q,+1)L3,=!2&'3#3%4!63,!>310@'),B7+-)5!*+'$)&'!K)83,5!?4-')1-!!
(2&,$9&$'Q3;1R&'
ICBO Posters !
!F()!7#335!2&'3#3%4O!"&!2&'3#3%4!$&!'()!A31+$&!36!G)1+'3#3%4!
7"1%&G&)'I"%G$##)*'?#,$&C"+'?--"'I"%;"%"'C$'<%$&/"*'("%-$&%)'5%)&$//&+'B&8$'?&+'I"%%8'.,&/2''''''
!
.10#34$&%!K)+-3&$&%!L$'($&!'()!*()&3-8+0)!T&3L#)5%)J+-)!!
B",$*'5='I"#2)MM+'J"*&#"'7='L"2C1#+'4&#,"%'H"FF+'5$/$%'S='7&CM)%C+'K)CC'B='!&*&)-+'7)-/$'J$*/$%M&$#C+'5"1#"'7='7";$$'
!
N+$'$&%!63,!+!K3J@-'!A$-)+-)!2&'3#3%4O!"!<),%),!36!2<9<!+&5!<)?G!+-!+!*,+8'$8+#!9&'),$1!?3#@'$3&!!!
.1*"-'7='I$##)+'?##"-'5$/$%'L"T&*+'K2),"*'(='J&$3$%*+'7"%8'S='L)#"-+'(8-/2&"'.,&/2+' B)$#'D&G2"%C*)-+'B1C&/2'I#">$+'("%)#8-'7"//&-3#8+'B"-"-'K='SFF&3'
!
A):)#30$&%!+!K)+%)&'!"00#$8+'$3&!2&'3#3%4!L$'($&!'()!272!Q3@&5,4!Q,+1)L3,=!!
7"//2$6'4='I%1*2+'N&G)#$'!"*&#$T*>8+'("%#)'K)%-&"&+'K$-&##$'B)2-*)-+'(2%&*'.2"MM$%+'7$#&**"'?='4"$-C$#'
!
!
!
!
L[
!
!"#$%&'()(*+$(,$-./0(1.2)$3"#&('+4#5$6%-378$9$30#/(:4(5#;$%&'()(*+$<25#;$(&$=0(55$30(;>/'5$
,0(:$->)'.4)#$?@'#0&2)$%&'()(*.#5$'"2'$.5$A5#;$,(0$B>.;.&*$-./0(1.2)$3"#&('+4#$9&&('2'.(&$$
!"#$%&'()*+%$,&-'./#*0110'230*405-'60+,#")'7*08050-'90:0#';0:<-'!*$)0550'=*85*,-'>"?0&'@%'
$
!(C20;5$2&$9;D#05#$?D#&'$E#4(0'.&*$%&'()(*+$$$
!A5"1*0'(,%#:,:-'BC"1'BD'E#*1F?"1'
$
%&'(%04"2$8$9&$%&'()(*+$'($F>44(0'$?;.'.(&$2&;$9>;.'$(,$G&(C)#;*#$(,$E20#$H.5#25#5$.&$%E3I9J?!$$$ G0#/*1"1/'6),?+#0&-'9*0##0HIJ0&'K"1/01+%&&$)0-'.1"'B":)-'!"#$'@"1"%0#-''
.11*0'L5#C-'E#%1,';#+0#,-'BA?C'(),M%0:-'>0"1'()"#50:'
$
9&$%&'()(*+$,(0$B25'0(.&'#5'.&2)$?&;(5/(4+$$
7)")*?'N&&"*/'
$
?&0./".&*$'"#$%&'()(*+$,(0$<.(:#;./2)$K&D#5'.*2'.(&5$6%<K7$'($K:40(D#$.'5$F>.'21.).'+$,(0$L#1$F#0D./#$9&&('2'.(&5$M$M$
()"*:"1C"'=%::%5"-'.5,F'6)"?"1"&F"#-'B%*'O"18-'>,)1'.D'!*550#-'>0&&*$"'(D'P*&&*180#-'>*0'2)018-'()#*&:*"1'>D'7:,0$F0#:-'>#D'
$
E#/#&'$H#D#)(4:#&'5$.&$'"#$="?<K$%&'()(*+$$
>"11"'@"&:*18&-'9"%5"'/0'!":,&-'./#*"1,'60FF0#-'!"#$%&'N11*&-'P0110:)'@"%8-' 2"#"'>,&0Q)&-'="#0:)'L301-'7:0J0'R%#10#-'()#*&:,Q)'7:0*1+0$F'
$
E#40#5#&'.&*$N(/2)$K;#&'.,.#05$.&$2$E#,#0#&'O!02/P.&*$F+5'#:$$$
O*55*"?'BD'@,8"1-'730:)"'="#*?"55"-'7)"#*M'.D'R"#*M-'O0#10#'(0%&:0#&''''''
$
,35S$QQQ$2$=RR$N.1020+$,(0$L(0P.&*$C.'"$%LN$%&'()(*.#5$$
!*F)"*5'PD'T0J*1-'.5"1'B%::01+0#8-'.11"'!"#*"'!"&$*-'T*1/&"C'=D'(,3055'
$
!(C20;5$%&'()(*.#5$,(0$µ7H[WERRN¶RIWKH)XWXUHLQ2EVWHWULFVDQG*\QHFRORJ\2%*\Q$
I%'T*1-'()#*&'()"Q?"1-'N#*1'6D'6,055*18-'!"C"'@"??,%/$
$
B#&#$%&'()(*+$F.*&2'>0#5$,(0$K::>&#$=#))O!+4#5$K&,#00#;$1+$B#&#$?@40#55.(&$9&2)+5.5$$$
R0##01$0'GD'!00)"1-'()#*&:,Q)0#'>D'!%18"55-'>%/*:)'.D'E5"F0-'.50U"1/0#'6D'6*0)5'
$
9).*&.&*$E#5#20/"$E#5(>0/#$2&;$E#5#20/"#0$E#40#5#&'2'.(&8$!"#$#2*)#O.$2&;$SKS%$A5#$=25#$
7:055"'!*:$)055-'("#5,'R,#1*"*-'E#*"1'T,30-'>,1'(,#&,1HB*F0#:-'!05"1*0'O*5&,1-'!"1&,,#'.)?0/-'
7)"1&)"1'()01-'I*18'6*18-'V*$),5"&'B0W"$F-'!05*&&"'@"01/05-':)0'0"850H*'(,1&,#:*%?-':)0'KXKL'(,55"+,#":*,1'
$
9&$%&'()(*+O<25#;$9440(2/"$'($N.&P.&*$-(;#)$%0*2&.5:5$2&;$E#5(>0/#5$'($I>:2&$H.5#25#5$$
()#*&'>D'!%18"55-'6"J*/'.1/0#&,1-'.1*:"'E"1/#,3&F*-'E#*"1'("1"/"-'.1/#03'()":#H.#C"?,1:#*-' P0*:)'()018-'9D'!*$)"05'(,11-'P"#"'6,5*1&F*-'!"#F'N55*&?"1-'>"1"1'NQQ*8-'>044#0C'7D'=#0:)0-'
>,&0Q)'P0?1*:<-'7)"31'X"/,1":,-'7:0Q)01'6D'T"#&,1-'()"#50&'!"810&&-'!"#C"11'ND'!"#:,10-''
!*F0'RC0#&-'("#5,'R,#1*"*-'L58"'R#,C"1&F"C"-'>%/*:)'R%#10#-'!,1:0'O0&:0#4*05/-'!05*&&"'.D'@"01/05'
$
A5.&*$E@J(0:$'($?@'02/'$-#;./2'.(&$H2'2$,0(:$?)#/'0(&./$I#2)'"$E#/(0;5$.&$'"#$E(/"#5'#0$?4.;#:.()(*+$30(T#/'$M$$
>C,:*&)?"1'9":)"F-'7)"31'9D'!%#Q)C-'E#*"1'VD'O*55"0#:-'@*5"5'!D'P#0?0#&-' ()#*&:,Q)0#'=D'()%:0-'E"#+"#"'9D'I"31-'O"5:0#'.D'B,$$"'
$
!(C20;5$H#5.;#02'2$,(0$30(D#&2&/#$%&'()(*.#5$.&$<.(:#;./.&#$
7":C"'7D'7"),,'
$
-(;#).&*$K55>#5$2&;$F()>'.(&58$<>.);.&*$2$!2@(&(:+$,0(:$2$<.()(*+$!#@'1((P$$
9":#*$0'70C0/-'>,)1'9"$)0$,-'.1/#03'=,5/01F#"1<-'K*1"C'()"%/)#*'
$
<.(:#;./2)$9&2)+5#58$%LN$-(;#)$<25#;$?;.'.(&$$
9*0##0HIJ0&'K"1/01+%&&$)0-'G0#/*1"1/'6),?+#0&-'7C5J*0'(,#?,1:-'>0"1'()"#50:-'N#*$'T0Q"80'
$
%&'(1##8$9$N.&P#;$H2'2$F#0D#0$2&;$<0(C5#0$,(0$%&'()(*+$!#0:5$$
2%,&)%"18'Y*"18-'()#*&'!%18"55-'.5"1'B%::01+0#8-'I,18M%1'@0'
!
ICBO Software Demonstrations
[
!
!"#$%&'()%'$"&*+)#''%*$&#'+#,+-&#.%/&*01+2'#31%/4%5+!"#$%&'+6'$#1#47+8!96:+9%;%0"*<+0'/+=''#$0$&#'+>##1;+
!"#$%$&'()'*+$,-$.'/&++"0'*)'(&1&%".'234$1-'*)'5%&6".'!&+7%'2)'53%1.'8$#-&"%'!&349.''
*%":&04"+'/)'/$"-%.';&+7%4'2)'/+&<6$0.'="1"+'/>?3@1&#-$7.'*%":"$'?A@$67A.';70,B-&0';3&0,.' (&1&%$&'C)'D7<"+1@.'*%&0'D311"0<"+,.'5&++9'EF$1-.'2$&0'G-&0,.'!&1-9';)'H3''
+
?@A9=B+0'/+)=-C9DC>5+E%F%"04&'4+=G$#.0$&#'H+)"#3/;#G"*&'4H+0'/+6'$#1#4&%;+$#+
A.I"#F%+$<%+=**G"0*7+0'/+><"#G4<IG$+#,+B%J"0,&;<+@&;$#1#4&*01+!<%'#$7I%+=''#$0$&#';+
5+$&0'!&0&4&.'I"7+,$&'J-7F&@.'27-0'E#-%"$#-"+.'2&F"@'G)'H&0,.'K"$1-'!)'!-"0,''
+
-&#.%/&*01+6'$#1#47+K0$*<&'4+L;&'4+$<%+=4"%%.%'$K0M%"+?7;$%.++
L@&<"%'M)'!+3B.'!7@F$0'E1+7".'!&1$&'="@N3$1&.'M+&0#$@#7'8)'!7317.'C&%"+$"'!+7@@''
+
-&#I#"$015+6'$#1#4&%;+0'/+A'$%4"0$%/+N0$0+9%;#G"*%;+0$+$<%+)1&*M+#,+0+K#G;%+
=&1+$#$&'O)'H-"1B"%.'(&1&@-&'(79.'($,&F'E-&-.'=&3%'*%":&04"+.'8$#-&"%'/7+P.' D&9'M"+,"+@70.'8&+,&+"1Q*00"'E17+"9.'5&++9'EF$1-.'!-+$@'!-31".'8&+6'83@"0''
+
!#IG1#G;5+=+>##1+,#"+!#IG10$&'4+0'+6'$#1#47+++
E$F70'23RR.'8&11-"S';7++$4,".'O3$,$'L&0070".'23%$"'K%"$0.'E13&+1'TS"0.'277@1'E#-&0@1+&.'K&19'H7%@1"0#+7P1.'D7<"+1'E1"A"0@''
+
><%+O&$"#+A'$%4"0$%/+6'$#1#47+C/&$#"+0'/+?%.0'$&*+P%J+=II1&*0$&#'++
5+$&0'O7S".'5+$&0'!&+3@7.'($#6'!&RR&470&.'8$%"@'H7+1-$0,170.'E1"%%&'8$1#-"%%.'270'!7+@70QD$6"+1.'&04'CLCT'!7%%&<7+&1$70'
+
><%+-&#!#"$01+A.I#"$+!1G4&'+,#"+!"#$Q4Q+++
2$1-30'(&$+.'J&0$&'J347+&#-".'J+$@-'H-"1B"%.'(&1&%9&'(79.'8&+6'83@"0''
+
><%+-&#.%/&*01+6'$#1#47+=II1&*0$&#';+8-6=:+R"0.%3#"M+++
5+307'J&A&+"@.';3,7'=)'5&@17@.'/&0$"%'M&+$&.'27U7'/)'M"++"$+&.'J$&,7'I+",7.'!&1$&'="@N3$1&.'M+&0#$@#7'8)'!7317'
+
><%+D)-6+=''#$0$#"5+6'$#1#47(-0;%/+=''#$0$&#'+0;+0+P%J+?%"F&*%++
=&1+$#$&'O)'H-"1B"%.'!%"F"01'270N3"1.'!-"+$"'V730.'8$#-&"%'/7+P.'D&9'M"+,"+@70.'8&+6'83@"0.'($,&F'E-&-''
+
6'$#R#S+0'/+&$;+=II1&*0$&#'+&'+N%F%1#I.%'$+#,+-"G*%11#;&;+6'$#1#47+++
G37@-3&0,'W$&0,.'V3'O$0.'V70,N30';"'' +
Pre-ICBO Workshops +
Tuesday, July 26, 2011
Representing Adverse Events+
+
=C65+=+9%01&;.(-0;%/+-&#.%/&*01+6'$#1#47+,#"+$<%+9%I"%;%'$0$&#'+#,+=/F%";%+CF%'$;++
V70,N30';".'G37@-3&0,'W$&0,.'E$+&+&1'E&+01$A$X&$.'O3#&'J7%47.'H"+0"+'!"3@1"+@''
+
9%I#"$&'4+=/F%";%+CF%'$;5+-0;&;+,#"+0+)#..#'+9%I"%;%'$0$&#'++
8Y%&0$"'!73+171.'D9&0'D)'5+$06F&0.'*%&0'D311"0<"+,''
+
=/F%";%+CF%'$;+,"#.+)1&'&*01+?$G/&%;+&'+!<0".0*%G$&*01+9%;%0"*<+0'/+N%F%1#I.%'$++
=$&'?F$%@@70.'K"+@1$0'M7+@<"+,''
+ +
)10;;&,7&'4+=/F%";%+CF%'$;+,"#.+)1&'&*01+>"&01;++
5"+0&+4'O&E&%%".'D$#-&+4'5+&4@-&S'
+
='+6'$#1#4&*01+9%I"%;%'$0$&#'+#,+=/F%";%+N"G4+CF%'$;++
I37N$&0'2$&0,.'270'/)'/36".'2971$@-F&0'=&1-&6.'!-+$@17R-"+'I)'!-31"'
+
>#30"/+=';3%"&'4+>&.%(9%10$%/+TG%;$&#';+,"#.+=/F%";%+CF%'$+9%I#"$;+L;&'4+6'$#1#47(-0;%/+=II"#0*<%;++
!3$'J&7.'I37N$&0'2$&0,.'K$F'!%&+6.'/""R&6'E-&+F&.'!-+$@17R-"+'I)'!-31"'
+
?GII#"$&'4+K%/&*01+N%F&*%+=/F%";%+CF%'$+='017;&;+&'+0'+A'$%"#I%"0J1%+)1&'&*01+C'F&"#'.%'$5++
N%;&4'+#,+0+N0$0+E#44&'4+0'/+!107J0*M+?7;$%.+
/&A$4'*+0"9.'E&049'H"$0$0,"+.'E3@&0'M)'H-$1"-"&4.'23%$&0'8)'I7%4F&0'
+
[L
!
!"#$%&'(#)*+,&-./,"0&-,12($#"3"0&($/&455,16"&7$()8"#"&#$&-,/#1()&9,:#1,&7/:,+",&4:,$6&;$:,"6#%(6#.$"&&
!"#$%&$'()"&$'*(+,'-$.-(+-/*(0,1"-&2(3&1".(
&
Working with Multiple Biomedical Ontologies
<;'=>9&($/&<,*+.?,@A&7&B.3C+,2,$"#:,&<,*+."1#,$1,&D$6.).%8&9,:,).C3,$6&&
E(",/&.$&-*)6#C),&E#.3,/#1()&D$6.).%#,"&($/&B.33*$#68&;$:.):,3,$6&&
4-",5(67(85-5*(!.&9"&$(+7(:-;/<$*(=&%%;&>(!7(?;&."&*(@5-;$-."(?#9.-*(@$,.-(A-$B;<C/D,*(0-;>-$$(E7(0-;.<$&((
&
!",&.5&-*)6#C),&D$6.).%#,"&6.&B2(+(16,+#F,&62,&E#.(16#:#68&.5&=3())&-.),1*),"&&&
F,$'(F-$*(=-$$-(G-/.,$'/*(=&&HG>#I(J,5*(!.&%-$(!1"#2K*()";,/.<9"(!.&,$I&1D*(+,&.;,1"(L&I"<2KH!1"#"5-$$((
&
7&-,6(G9(6(&7CC+.(12&6.&H*,+8#$%&-*)6#C),&E#.3,/#1()&D$6.).%#,"&&
L-M,(3-22-*(+-$(6&1#1,*(N,$->(!"&.*(0-."-&#/(+&O<;,((
&
-*)6#C),&D$6.).%#,"&#$&I,()621(+,&;$5.+3(6#.$&>,12$.).%8A&
-.6#:(6#.$"&($/&J,1.33,$/(6#.$&5.+&D$6.).%8&-(CC#$%&($/&7)#%$3,$6& &
)<2,$(3#;,*(J-;.",D(?<5-B-5*(3;-.&&D(=-,$*(3&.&;(P7(F&"*(J#$-2(N&;5-((
&
-./*)(+#F(6#.$&5.+&62,&B,))&D$6.).%8&&
)";,/.<9"&;(=7(0#$'-22*(0&2,//-(G-&$B&2*(@5&2,-(8;&2-$B*(!"-",B(0-$K<<;*((
6&;;>(0&&"-$*(+-M,B(Q/#5,H!#."&;2-$B*()-;2<(6<;$,-,*(@2&R-$B&;(+7(+,&"2(
&
E*#)/#$%&62,&DED&'.*$/+8&±&D$,&K.)#18&(6&(&>#3,&&
0é2-$,&()<#;.<.*()";,/(0#$'-22*(L>-$(L7(A;,$D5-$*(@2-$(L#..&$I&;'(((((((
&
>.L(+/"&(&E./8&')*#/"&D$6.).%8A&&7&!$#5#,/&7CC)#1(6#.$&D$6.).%8&5.+&E("#1&($/&>+($")(6#.$()&=1#,$1,&&&
=,>&(@,*(0-#;,1,<(A-;1&22</(@25&,B-*(@$B;S(T#&,;<K(B&(@$B;-B&*(@2-$(L#..&$I&;'*(+-M,B(6-,(U-,(U<$'*(A-;;>(!5,."((
&
B.$$,16#$%&D$6.).%#,"&5.+&62,&J,C+,",$6(6#.$&.5&E#.).%#1()&K(62L(8"&&&
@$$-(0-;,-(0-/1,*(0,D"-,2(:&M,$*(@2-$(L#..&$I&;'*(:,$B/->(?7()<C&22((
&
E+#/%#$%&-*)6#C),&D$6.).%#,"A&J,C+,",$6(6#.$&.5&62,&?#:,+&;33*$,&J,"C.$",&&&
@$$-(0-;,-(0-/1,*(=&%%;&>(L<-1"*(A&;$-;B(B&(A<$<*(3,&;;&(?;&$<$*(:,$B/->()<C&22(
&
I8C,+.$6.).%8&5.+&62,&E#.3,/#1()&D$6.).%#"6A&7&=M,612&($/&=.3,&4@(3C),"&&
Q2,M&;(J#.K*(6,22(0<//D<C/D,*(=-$$-(G-/.,$'/*(@2&R-$B&;(?-;1,-()-/.;<*(@2&D/-$B;-(!<O,1((
&
Wednesday, July 27, 2011
Facilitating Anatomy Ontology Interoperability&
&
-.*",&7$(6.38&D$6.).%#,"&($/&NO9&
6&;;>(47(G->-5,K#*(0-;.,$(L,$'C-2B((
&
'!<B7JDA&7&'*$16#.$()&4@6,$"#.$&6.&B7JD&&
+-M,B(Q/#5,H!#."&;2-$B(
&
>2,&P,+6,Q+(6,&E+#/%#$%&D$6.).%8&RPEDS&&&
L-M&$/-;-(6;-M,22,-$*(=-5&/(0-2<$&*()"-<(3-$'*(=<"$(G-$1<1D*(3&.&;(U7G7(G<22-$B*(3-#2(!1"<%,&2B*(G&2&$(3-;D,$/<$(
&
-*)6#G=C,1#,"&7$(6.38&D$6.).%8&9,:,).C3,$6&J,T*#+,"&(&K)*+()#"6&7CC+.(12&6.&?(Q,)GB)(""&-(CC#$%&
8/.MV$(0,DW*(0-.."&C(=7(F<B&;*(0-.."&C(@7(A&;.<$&*(J-.O-()7(!&2.5-$$*(@$B;&C(L7(+&-$/(
&
B7JD&UVW&&&
+-M,B(Q/#5,H!#."&;2-$B(
&
;$6,%+(6#$%&7$(6.38&($/&K2,$.68C,&D$6.).%#,"&L#62&>(@.$.3#1&I#,+(+12#,"&
J-5&/(37(A-2"<%%*(3&.&;(E7(0,B%<;B*(G,25-;(:-99(
&
K2,$."1(C,A&!",&B(","&($/&7$(6.38&D$6.).%8&J,T*#+,3,$6"&5.+&?#$M#$%&4:.)*6#.$(+8&&
($/&-./,)&D+%($#"3&K2,$.68C,"&&
U-/,2-(+-"B#2*(=-5&/(A-2"<%%*(G,25-;(:-99*(3&.&;(0,B%<;B*(6<BB(N,/,<$*(0<$.&(U&/.&;%,&2B*(3-#2-(0-I&&(
&
[LL
!
!"#$%$&'()*'"*#+(*,')+*-."/0*1)'"&*#+(*2(34.5')+*6".#$78*!"#$%$&8*
9'#+*!#+(4*!:!*!"#$%$&'()*#$*6""$#.#(*;<=4())'$"*.">*?+("$#8=(*
!"#$$%&'()*+#(*,&-%(.&/)$&0123%&
*
Doctoral and Post-Doctoral Consortium
*
!"(*;7='4'@.%*A#B>8C*-+4((*-()#)*$5*-4.")%.#'$"C*D."8*EB()#'$")*$"*:'$7(>'@.%*!"#$%$&'()0**
F'7'#(>*G$"#4'3B#'$"*$5*D(AH*7HUPVWR(IIHFWLYH/LWHUDWXUH6HDUFKHVRQµ+HDOWKI5HODWHG9DOXHV¶**
4.1)&5%6(#")&
*
-+(*6&(*$5*J.#.IJ4'K("*D(>'@'"(0*D'"'"&*#+(*;%(@#4$"'@*H(.%#+*L(@$4>**
5)%)&7%5%$*8,&4)(3&9:&48;%$,&<.=)>&?:&0@)@&
*EB.%'#8*$5*G.4(*J$7.'"*D$>(%'"&*'"*G."@(40*6*A(7."#'@*6==4$.@+**
0.$)&4)*)$.,&A%)$&B:&0.66.=,&5)(;)&4.(@)C.,&D.>&A8$$&
*
?+'%$)$=+8C*!"#$%$&8C*.">*A@'("#'5'@*;<=%.".#'$"*
E)>%;&9:&F"%(6#$&
*
L(5'"'"&*!"#$%$&8*5$4*M%B@$)(*D(#.3$%')7*J')$4>(4)**
!8&7.$&
*
6*G.)(*A#B>8*'"*1)'"&*2,6*.">*?6-!*5$4*J()@4'3'"&*H')#$%$&'@.%*?+("$#8=()*'"*#+(*F.4K.%*2(34.5')+*
'(.)$&-)$)*),&G%#(=.)&H@#>);,&H.>#6@2&-##I%(,&D%.6@&-@%$=&
*
;=')#(7$%$&'@.%*N))B()*'"*N"5$47.#'$"*!4&."'O.#'$"*N")#4B7("#)0*!"#$%$&'()*.">*H(.%#+*N"5$47.#'$"*D$>(%)*
9$*(J&K8%.(#L&9$*()*%,&4)8(MN.#&')(N%11#;&91>%.*)&
*
-+(*,$B">.#'$".%*D$>(%*$5*P(B4$.".#$78*!"#$%$&80*
6"*!"#$%$&8*,4.7(9$4/*#$*AB==$4#*P(B4$.".#$7'@.%*J.#.*N"#(&4.#'$"**
':&<#1)$&<.N@#1;,&E#;%&7:/:&4%C.$#&E(:,&E)>%;&B:&'(.$31%2&
*
Q$4/5%$9)*.">*,4.7(9$4/*5$4*PB#4'#'$".%RD(#.3$%'@*?+("$#8=(RM("$#8=(*
.">*,$$>)I5$4IH(.%#+*S"$9%(>&(*N"#(&4.#'$"**
4)66@%O&7)$=%,&E:&'(8N%&G%(>)$,&E.>&D)I86&
*
6==%'@.#'$")*5$4*.*-4.")%.#'$".%*:'$7(>'@.%*!"#$%$&8*D$>(%**
P#Q%(6&!)#,&G()N.%1)&G#$L)1%L&
$XWKRU,QGH[
ICBO Presentations
!"#$%
!"#$%"&#'("&)*+(",$%$"-$*("*.'(/$0'-&)**
-XO\
%XIIDOR1HZ<RUN86$
!
!"#$%"&#'("&)*+(",$%$"-$*("*.'(/$0'-&)*1"#()(23*
!
!"#$#%&'%()%&*(+,%-+.%!"-/%(/%
0#-+)%1*$%'+/*2*,3%45/#+)(*+% %
!"#$"%&'()*$#"+%,-"./$(/0%12%!0*#0% %
3'4"-#"5'.#0%6'%7.80-59#$/"+%,"/*:6"6'%6'%!$;./$"(%6"%<.$='-($6"6'%6'%>$(?0"%!"540%@-".6'+%>$(?0"+%&0-#*A":% %
67)/$-8/9%3'=':04$.A%".6%5"$.#"$.$.A%"%?$05'6$/":%0.#0:0AB%$(%"%#$5'C%".6%'880-#C/0.(*5$.A%
#"(D+%A$='.%#E'%6B."5$/%".6%'F4".6$.A%."#*-'%08%?$05'6$/":%D.0G:'6A'2%HE$(%$(%"%-':'=".#%
$((*'%80-%='-B%:"-A'%0.#0:0A$'(%GE$/E%/0='-%"%?-0"6%605"$.+%80-%(5"::'-%0.#0:0A$'(%5"$.#"$.'6%
?B%"%(5"::%#'"5%".6%":(0%80-%605"$.(%GE'-'%?'$.A%"?:'%#0%4'-80-5%)*$/D%*46"#'(%$(%/-$#$/":%
I'2A2%'4$6'5$0:0ABJ2% %
HE'% 8$-(#% (#'4% $.% #E'% 4-0/'((% 08% 'F#'.6$.A% ".% 0.#0:0AB% $(% $6'.#$8B$.A% #E'% "-'"(% 08% #E'%
0.#0:0AB% #E"#% .''6% #0% ?'% /E".A'6%²% /E".A'% /"4#*-$.A2% 7.% #E$(% 4"4'-% G'% 4-040('% #E"#% #E$(%
4-0/'((%/".%?'%('5$C"*#05"#'6%?B%'F4:0-$.A%0.#0:0AB%$.80-5"#$0.2%HE$(%G0*:6%?'%"%=":*"?:'%
#00:%#0%(*440-#%0.#0:0AB%6'=':04'-(%$.%0.#0:0AB%'F#'.($0.+%'"($.A%#E'$-%?*-6'.2% %
7.%0-6'-%#0%"//054:$(E%#E$(+%G'%E"='%6'=':04'6%"%8-"5'G0-D%80-%".":B($.A%#E'%'F#'.($0.%08%
0.#0:0A$'(+%#0%/-'"#'%"%A'.'-":%4".0-"5"%08%0.#0:0AB%'F#'.($0.%4-0/'(('(%#E"#%/".%A*$6'%#E'%
6'=':045'.#% 08% /E".A'% /"4#*-$.A% #'/E.$)*'(2% K'% E"='% "44:$'6% $#% #0% #E'% ".":B($(% 08% #E'%
'F#'.($0.% 08% #E'% @'.'% L.#0:0AB% ".6% *./0='-'6% (05'% 08% #E'% *.6'-:B$.A% #'.6'./$'(% $.% $#(%
'F#'.($0.2% M*$:6$.A% *40.% #E'% -'(*:#(% 08% #E$(% ".":B($(% ".6% "% ('#% 08% A*$6':$.'(% 80-% 0.#0:0AB%
/E".A'% /"4#*-$.A+% G'% #E'.% $.='(#$A"#'6% #E'% 8'"($?$:$#B% 08% 4-'6$/#$.A% GE$/E% /:"(('(% 08% #E'%
0.#0:0AB%G$::%?'%'F#'.6'6%$.% "%8*#*-'% ='-($0.2% ,$."::B+%G'%6$(/*((%#E'%0?#"$.'6%-'(*:#(%".6%
$.6'.#$8B%#E'%5"$.%/E"::'.A'(%".6%8*#*-'%6$-'/#$0.(%80-%#E'%?*66$.A%"-'"%08%0.#0:0AB%'F#'.($0.%
4-'6$/#$0.2% %
:#3;*$.)<% M$05'6$/":% 0.#0:0A$'(+% 0.#0:0AB% 'F#'.($0.+% 0.#0:0AB% -'8$.'5'.#+% 0.#0:0AB%
'.-$/E5'.#+%4-'6$/#$0.%08%0.#0:0AB%'F#'.($0.% %
=% %>+/$*.?8/(*+% %
HE'%6'=':045'.#%08%"%?$05'6$/":%0.#0:0AB%$(%"%
='-B% 6'5".6$.A% 4-0/'((% #E"#% -')*$-'(% ?0#E%
'F4'-#$('% $.% #E'% 605"$.% #0% 506':% ".6% $.%
0.#0:0AB% 6'($A.2% 7#% $(% ":(0% .'/'(("-$:B% ".%
$#'-"#$='% 4-0/'((% NOPQ% ($./'% ?$05'6$/":%
D.0G:'6A'%$(%6$='-('+%/054:'F%".6%/0.#$.*0*(:B%
/E".A$.A% ".6% A-0G$.A2% HE$(% 4-0/'((+% *(*"::B%
."5'6% 0.#0:0AB% '=0:*#$0.+% -')*$-'(% :"-A'%
$.='(#5'.#(%08%?0#E%#$5'%".6%50.'B%G$#E%'"/E%
.'G%0.#0:0AB%='-($0.%#E"#%$(%4-06*/'62% %
L.#0:0AB% '=0:*#$0.% /".% ?'% 6'8$.'6% "(% #E'%
4-0/'((%08%506$8B$.A%".%0.#0:0AB%$.%-'(40.('%#0%
"% /'-#"$.% /E".A'% $.% #E'% 605"$.% 0-% $#(%
/0./'4#*":$R"#$0.%NSQ2%HE'('%$./:*6'%/E".A'(%$.%
#E'% 40-#$0.% 08% #E'% -'":% G0-:6% #E'B% 506':+% #E'%
*./0='-$.A% 08% $.80-5"#$0.% 4-'=$0*(:B%
*."="$:"?:'+%"%-'"(('((5'.#%08%#E'%-':'="./'%08%
(05'% ':'5'.#% #0% #E'% 0.#0:0AB% 0-% "% .''6% #0%
/0--'/#%4-'=$0*(%5$(#"D'(%NTQ2%7.%#E'%:"(#%/0*4:'%
08% B'"-(+% "% A'.'-"::B% "A-''6% *40.% 506':% 80-%
0.#0:0AB%'=0:*#$0.%E"(%'5'-A'6+%GE$/E%$./:*6'(%
80*-% 6$(#$./#% (#'4(U% IOJ% -')*'(#$.A% #E'% /E".A'+%
IVJ% 4:"..$.A% #E'% /E".A'+% IWJ% $54:'5'.#$.A% #E'%
/E".A'%".6%ITJ%='-$8$/"#$0.%".6%=":$6"#$0.%I80-%"%
-'=$'G%(''%NXQJ2%HE'%/E".A'(%5"6'%$.%#E'%/0*-('%
08%0.#0:0AB%'=0:*#$0.%/".%?'%08%#E-''%':'5'.#"-B%
#B4'(U%"66$#$0.+%-'50=":%".6%506$8$/"#$0.%NOWQ2%
K'%6'8$.'%0.#0:0AB%'F#'.($0.%"(%#E'%4-0/'((%08%
0.#0:0AB%'=0:*#$0.%/0./'-.'6%G$#E%#E'%"66$#$0.%
08% .'G% ':'5'.#(2% K'% /0.($6'-% 0.#0:0AB%
'F#'.($0.% #0% './054"((% ?0#E% 0.#0:0AB% -'C 8$.'5'.#% I#E'% "66$#$0.% 08% .'G% /:"(('(% #0% ".%
0.#0:0ABJ%".6%0.#0:0AB%'.-$/E5'.#%I#E'%"66$#$0.%
08%.0.C#"F0.05$/":%-':"#$0.(%0-%-$/E'-%"F$05(J2% % M'80-'% #E'('% /E".A'(% "-'% "/#*"::B%
4'-80-5'6+% #E'% .''6% 80-% #E'% /E".A'% 5*(#% ?'%
$6'.#$8$'62% HE$(% $(% #E'% 8$-(#% (#'4% $.% 0.#0:0AB%
'=0:*#$0.+% #E'% /E".A'% /"4#*-$.A% 4E"('% NOVQ+%
".6% $#% /".% ?'% ?"('6% 0.% 'F4:$/$#% 0-% $54:$/$#%
-')*$-'5'.#(% NYQ2% ZF4:$/$#% -')*$-'5'.#(%
/0--'(40.6% #0% #E0('% 5"6'% ?B% #E'% 0.#0:0AB%
,&%2,QWHUQDWLRQDO&RQIHUHQFHRQ%LRPHGLFDO2QWRORJ\
-XO\ā%XIIDOR1<86$
6'=':04'-(% 0-% #0% -')*'(#(% 5"6'% ?B% '.6C*('-(2%
754:$/$#%-')*$-'5'.#(%/0--'(40.6%#0%#E0('%#E"#%
/".% ?'% *./0='-'6% ?B% /E".A'% 6$(/0='-B2%
[#0\".0=$/%'#%":2%NOWQ%:$(#%"%('-$'(%08%A*$6':$.'(%
80-% /E".A'% /"4#*-$.A+% 0-A".$R'6% $.#0% #E-''%
#B4'(%"//0-6$.A%#0%#E'%D$.6%08%6"#"%#E'B%'F4:0$#+%
#0%GE$/E%!"(#"]0%'#%":2NVQ%"66%"%80*-#EU% % )/$?8/?$#@.$(A#+<%GE$/E%"-'%6'-$='6%8-05%#E'%
VWUXFWXUH RI WKH RQWRORJ\ HJ ¶$ FODVV ZLWK D ($.A:'% (*?/:"((% (E0*:6% ?'% 5'-A'6% G$#E% $#(%
VXEFODVV·%
.-/-@.$(A#+<% GE$/E% /0--'(40.6% #0% $54:$/$#%
/E".A'(% $.% #E'% 605"$.% ".6% "-'% 6$(/0='-'6%
#E-0*AE%#E'%".":B($(%08%#E'%$.(#"./'(%?':0.A$.A%
WR WKH RQWRORJ\ HJ ¶$ FODVV ZLWK PDQ\
$.(#"./'(% $(% "% /".6$6"#'% 80-% ?'$.A% (4:$#% $.#0%
(*?/:"(('(%".6%$#(%$.(#"./'(%6$(#-$?*#'6%"50.A%
.'GO\JHQHUDWHGFODVVHV·%
?)-,#@.$(A#+<% GE$/E% "-'% 6'6*/'6% 8-05% #E'%
*("A'% 4"##'-.(% 08% #E'% 0.#0:0AB% $.% #E'%
D.0G:'6A'% 5"."A'5'.#% (B(#'5% '2A2% /:"(('(%
#E"#% E"='% .0#% ?''.% -'#-$'='6% $.% "% :0.A% #$5'%
5$AE#%?'%0*#%08%6"#'2% %
.()8*A#$3@.$(A#+<% GE$/E% $(% "44:$'6% GE'.% "%
.'G% $.(#"./'% /"..0#% ?'% 6'(/-$?'6% ?B% #E'%
0.#0:0AB%/:"(('(+%".6%.'G%/:"(('(%"-'%$6'.#$8$'6%
*($.A%'F#'-.":%-'(0*-/'(2% %
HE'('% /E".A'(% /".% $.% 4-$./$4:'% ?'%
('5$C"*#05"#$/"::B% 6$(/0='-'6% ?B% ".":BR$.A%
#E'% 0.#0:0AB%6"#"% ".6% $#(%*("A'2%HE$(%4-0/'((%
/".%?'%/"(#%$.%#'-5(%08%"%4-'6$/#$0.%08%0.#0:0AB%
'F#'.($0.% ".6% /".% -'4-'('.#% "% ($A.$8$/".#%
/0.#-$?*#$0.% #0% '"($.A% #E'% ?*-6'.% 08% D''4$.A%
".%0.#0:0AB%*4C#0C6"#'2% %
HE'%5"$.%"44:$/"#$0.%08%"%5'#E060:0AB%#0%
4-'6$/#% 0.#0:0AB% 'F#'.($0.% $(% #0% (*440-#%
5".*":%0-%('5$C"*#05"#'6%0.#0:0AB%'F#'.($0.+%
($./'% $#% /".% 5$.$5$R'% #E'% '880-#% $.% /0::'/#$.A%
".6% /-0(($.A% #E'% $.80-5"#$0.% .'/'(("-B% #0%
5"D'%#E'%'F#'.($0.%6'/$($0.(2%7#%/".%/0.#-$?*#'%
#0%#E'%'=0:*#$0.%08%:"-A'-%0.#0:0A$'(%?B%E':4$.A%
#0% 4$.40$.#% #E'% "-'"(% #E"#% "-'% $.% .''6% 08%
"##'.#$0.%".6%":(0%#0%(5"::'-%0.#0:0A$'(+%GE'-'%
#'"5%($R'%".6%-'(0*-/'(%5"B%.0#%?'%"(%:"-A'+%?B%
-'6*/$.A%#E'%#$5'%".6%'880-#%(4'.#2%7#%/".%":(0%
4-0=$6'% =":*"?:'% "(($(#"./'% GE'.% #E'-'% $(% ".%
*-A'.#% .''6% #0% 'F#'.6% ".% 0.#0:0AB% #0% /0='-% "%
.'G%"(4'/#+%(*/E%"(%$.%#E'%/"('%08%".%'4$6'5$/(+%
GE'-'%#E'%$./:*($0.%08%.'G%/:"(('(%$.%"%#$5':B%
8"(E$0.% /".% $54-0='% #E'% 4'-80-5"./'% 08% 6"#"%
".":B($(%5'#E06(%NOOQ2%,*-#E'-50-'+%#E'B%/".%
?'% $./0-40-"#'6% $.#0% "*#05"#'6% ".6% ('5$C%
"*#05"#'6%0.#0:0AB%'F#'.($0.%(B(#'5(+%GE$/E%
(0%8"-%E"='%.0#%"66-'(('6%#E$(%$((*'%N^+%_+%OTQ2% % H0% A*$6'% #E'% 6'=':045'.#% 08% 5'#E06(% 80-%
"*#05"#'6% 4-'6$/#$0.% 08% 0.#0:0AB% 'F#'.($0.% $#%
$(% 08% $.#'-'(#% #0% ".":BR'% #E'% 'F#'.($0.% 08%
0.#0:0A$'(2%7.%NTQ+%"%5'#E060:0AB%80-%/":/*:"#$.A%
#E'% $54-0='5'.#(% 0?#"$.'6% $.% (*//'(($='%
='-($0.(%08%?$05'6$/":%0.#0:0A$'(%?"('6%0.%#E'%
5"#/E'(% ".6% 5$(5"#/E'(% ?'#G''.% #E'5% $(%
4-040('62% 7#% E"(% ?''.% *('6% #0% /":/*:"#'% #E'%
6'A-''% 08% /0--'/#.'((% 08% #E'% @'.'% L.#0:0AB%
I@LJ% #'-5$.0:0AB% ".6% #0% 80-'/"(#% E0G% #E$(%
0='-"::%)*":$#B%G$::%$54-0='%NWQ2%7.%#E$(%6'#"$:'6%
".":B($(% 08% #E'% '=0:*#$0.% 08% @L% ^Y`% 08% #E'%
/E".A'(% 5"6'% #0% /:"(('(% G'-'% $6'.#$8$'6% "(%
?'$.A% $.('-#$0.(2% a0G'='-% #E$(% (#*6B% E"(% "%
(#-0.A%80/*(%0.%'--0-%/0--'/#$0.+%GE$/E%$./:*6'(%
.0#%0.:B%#E'%"66$#$0.%08%.'G%':'5'.#(+%?*#%":(0%
#E'$-%-'50=":U%08%#E'%O^%4"-"5'#'-(%*('6+%0.:B%
#G0%/0--'(40.6%#0%#E'%"?('./'%08%':'5'.#(%#E"#%
(E0*:6% ?'% $./:*6'6% $.% #E'% 0.#0:0AB2% ,*-#E'-C%
50-'+% #E'% 5'#E06% 60'(% .0#% #"D'% $.#0% "//0*.#%
#E'% E$'-"-/E$/":% :'=':% "#% GE$/E% #E'% '--0-% $(%
5"6'+%.0-%60'(%$#%/0.($6'-%@L%"..0#"#$0.(2% % 7.% #E$(% 4"4'-% G'% 4-'('.#% "% 4-':$5$."-B%
8-"5'G0-D% 80-% ".":B($.A% #E'% 'F#'.($0.% 08% ".%
0.#0:0AB+% ".6% "44:B% $#% #0% #E'% ".":B($(% 08% @L2%
K'% E"='% /E0('.% @L% 80-% 0*-% (#*6B% ?'/"*('% $#%
4-'('.#(%"%='-B%$.#'-'(#$.A%/"('U%$#%$(%#E'%50(#%
4-05$.'.#% ?$00.#0:0AB+% G$#E% G$6'(4-'"6% *('%
".6% $54"/#b% $#% /0='-(% "% /0.($6'-"?:'% G$6'%
605"$.b% $#% 4-0=$6'(% "% /0-4*(% 08% "..0#"#$0.(%
".6% $#% $(% *46"#'6% 0.% "% 8-')*'.#% ?"($(+% #E*(%
(*440-#$.A% #E'% $.='(#$A"#$0.% 08% $#(% '=0:*#$0.%
#E-0*AE% #E'% ".":B($(% 08% 6$88'-'.#% ='-($0.(2%
M*$:6$.A% *40.% #E'% ".":B($(% 08% 0.#0:0AB%
'F#'.($0.+%G'%#E'.%$.='(#$A"#'%#E'%8'"($?$:$#B%08%
4-'6$/#$.A% #E'% '=0:*#$0.% 08% @L2% [$./'% @L%
"*#E0-(% 60% .0#% \*(#$8B% #E'% "66$#$0.% 08% .'G%
':'5'.#(+% G'% ?"('6% 0*-% 4-'6$/#$0.% $.% "% ('#% 08%
-*:'(%6'-$='6%8-05%#E'%A*$6':$.'(%80-%0.#0:0AB%
/E".A'% /"4#*-'2% K'% G'-'% $.#'-'(#'6% $.%
'=":*"#$.A% #E'% (*$#"?$:$#B% 08% #E'('% A*$6':$.'(%
"(%"%(*440-#%80-%0.#0:0AB%'F#'.($0.%4-'6$/#$0.2%
,$."::B+%G'%6$(/*((%#E'%.0=':%"-'"%08%0.#0:0AB%
'F#'.($0.%4-'6$/#$0.+%$#(%/E"::'.A'(%".6%-0:'%$.%
#E'%8*#*-'%08%0.#0:0AB%6'=':045'.#2% %
B% %6%C$-D#;*$E%1*$%6+-23F(+,%
'+/*2*,3%45/#+)(*+% %
c.% ".":B($(% 08% 0.#0:0AB% 'F#'.($0.% (E0*:6% ?B%
6'8$.$#$0.+% 80/*(% 0.% ?0#E% -'8$.'5'.#% ".6%
'.-$/E5'.#+% ".6% ".":BR'% ('='-":% ='-($0.(% 08%
#E'% ("5'% 0.#0:0AB% 6*-$.A% "% #$5'% 4'-$062% HE'%
6'/$($0.%0.%#E'%#$5'%4'-$06%#0%".":BR'%(E0*:6%
?'%?"('6%0.%#E'%"A'%08%#E'%0.#0:0AB%"(%G'::%"(%
#E'% "="$:"?$:$#B% ".6% 8-')*'./B% 08% .'G% ='-($0.%
-':'"('(2% %
,0-% ".":BR$.A% 0.#0:0AB% -'8$.'5'.#% G'%
4-040('%$.(4'/#$.A%#E-''%D'B%"(4'/#(U% %
O2 6'4#E% 08% .'G% /:"(('(+% $2'2% 5$.$5*5%
6$(#"./'% #0% #E'% -00#% /:"((% 0='-%!"#$% ".6%
%$&'#()%-':"#$0.(2% %
V2 .*5?'-%08%.'G%/:"(('(%#E"#%"-'%/E$:6-'.%08%
'F$(#$.A%*"+%.'G:B%"66'6%/:"(('(% %
W2 .*5?'-%08%.'G%/:"(('(%#E"#%"-'%/E$:6-'.%08%
:'"8%/:"(('(% %
HE'% 8$-(#% ".6% #E$-6% "(4'/#(% /"4#*-'% #E'%
A'.'-":% 6$-'/#$0.% 08% #E'% -'8$.'5'.#% 08% #E'%
0.#0:0AB+% GE'-'% "66$#$0.(% "#% "% A-'"#'-% 6'4#E%
".6%#0%:'"8%/:"(('(%-'4-'('.#%='-#$/":%'F#'.($0.%
GE'-'"(% "66$#$0.(% "#% 5$66:'% 6'4#E% ".6% #0%
.0.C:'"8% /:"(('(% -'4-'('.#% E0-$R0.#":%
'F#'.($0.2%HE'('%"(4'/#(%"-'%E':48*:%#0%".":BR'%
#E'%:'=':%08%6'#"$:%".6%/0='-"A'%4-0=$6'6%?B%#E'%
-'8$.'5'.#2% HE'% ('/0.6% "(4'/#% $(% -':"#'6% #0%
".0#E'-% $.#'-'(#$.A% /E"-"/#'-$(#$/% 08%
-'8$.'5'.#+%GE'#E'-% .'G% /:"(('(% "-'%$.('-#'6%
$.6$=$6*"::B% 0-% GE'#E'-% "(% 4"-#% 08% "% .'G%
?-"./E2% %
,0-% ".":BR$.A% 0.#0:0AB% '.-$/E5'.#% G'%
4-040('%$.='(#$A"#$.A%#E'%80::0G$.AU% %
T2% % "A'%".6%6'4#E%08%#E'%/:"(('(%:$.D'6%?B%#E'%
.'G% -':"#$0.% I$2'2% GE'#E'-% #E'% -':"#$0.% $(%
'(#"?:$(E'6% ?'#G''.% 0:6% /:"(('(+% ?'#G''.%
".% 0:6% ".6% "% .'G% /:"((% 0-% ?'#G''.% .'G%
/:"(('(J% %
HE$(% "(4'/#% $(% $.#'.6'6% #0% /"4#*-'% 8$-(#% "#%
GE"#%:'=':%08%(4'/$8$/$#B%60%#E'%'.-$/E5'.#%'='.#(%
#"D'%4:"/'+%".6%('/0.6:B%$8%'.-$/E5'.#%E"44'.(%
":0.A($6'%-'8$.'5'.#%0-%$8%$#%(*//''6(%$#2% % B9=% 6+-23F(+,%/"#%&#+#%'+/*2*,3%
45/#+)(*+% %
M"('6%0.%#E'%"(4'/#(%$6'.#$8$'6%$.%#E'%4-'=$0*(%
('/#$0.+% G'% E"='% ".":BR'6% OV% ='-($0.(% 08% #E'%
@'.'% L.#0:0AB% ".6% $#(% "..0#"#$0.(% ')*"::B%
(4"/'6%0='-%"%4'-$06%08%S%B'"-(%IVPPYCVPOPJ2%c#%
S%50.#E%$.#'-=":(+%.'G%/:"(('(%-'4-'('.#%"?0*#%
Y`%08%"::%/:"(('(%$.%#E'%0.#0:0AB2%7.%#E'%/0.#'F#%
08%@L+%'.-$/E5'.#%/0--'(40.6(%#0%#E'%$.('-#$0.%
08%.'G%.0.%!"#$%-':"#$0.(%?'#G''.%'F$(#$.A%0-%
.'G:B%$.('-#'6%/:"(('(2% %
,$A*-'(%O+%V+%W%".6%T%(E0G%#E'%-'(*:#(%08%#E'%
".":B($(% 08% '"/E% "(4'/#2% 7.% "::% #E-''%
E$'-"-/E$'(+%#E'%5"\0-$#B%08%.'G%(*?/:"(('(%"-'%
"66'6%"(%/E$:6-'.%08%.0.C:'"8%/:"(('(+%-'(*:#$.A%
$.% "% 4-'=":'./'% 08% E0-$R0.#":% 'F#'.($0.2% c:(0+%
#E'% -'8$.'5'.#% 08% 50:'/*:"-% 8*./#$0.% ".6%
/'::*:"-% /0540.'.#% 0//*-(% 50(#:B% =$"% ($.A:'%
$.('-#$0.(+% GE'-'"(% $.% #E'% ?$0:0A$/":% 4-0/'((%
A-0*4(%08%-':"#'6%/:"(('(%"-'%$.('-#'6%#0A'#E'-2%
d'A"-6$.A%'.-$/E5'.#+%$.%?$0:0A$/":%4-0/'((+%"%
/0.($6'-"?:'% 40-#$0.% 08% -':"#$0.(% "-'%
'(#"?:$(E'6% ?'#G''.% #G0% .'G:B% $.('-#'6%
/:"(('(+% GE'-'"(% $.% /'::*:"-% /0540.'.#+% #E'%
5"\0-$#B% $(% 5"6'% ?'#G''.% ".% 'F$(#$.A% ".6% "%
.'G%/:"((2%
%
%
!"#$%&'()!"#$%&'$!($)*+!,-!.$/!01&22$2!
!"#$%&'*)!".0$2*%3!,-!.$/!01&22$2!41$&#$2!,%!.,.51$&#$26!73!,.*,1,'3!#$%28,.!
eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee%
!"#$%&'+)!".0$2*%3!,-!.$/!01&22$2!4$982*8.'!,%!.$/!)&%$.*26!73!,.*,1,'3!#$%28,.!
eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee%
%
!"#$%&',)!:$)*+!&.(!&'$!,-!*+$!01&22$2!8.!.$/!$.%80+;$.*!%$1&*8,.2<!
=,1$0>1&%!?>.0*8,.!.,*!2+,/.@!28.0$!8*!0,.*&8.2!1$22!*+&.!AB!.,.!!"#$!%$1&*8,.2<!
G% %H$#.(8/(+,%'+/*2*,3%45/#+)(*+<%
6%I?2#@J-)#.%6KK$*-8"% %
c6"4#$.A% ".6% 'F#'.6$.A% #E'% A*$6':$.'(%
4-040('6% ?B% NOWQ% 80::0G$.A% NOPQ% #E"#% "-'%
/0./'-.'6% G$#E% 0.#0:0AB% 'F#'.($0.+% G'%
-'/0A.$R'% #G0% E'*-$(#$/(% #0% $6'.#$8B% 40#'.#$":%
0.#0:0AB% 'F#'.($0.(% ".6% /:"(($8B% #E'5%
"//0-6$.A%#0%#E'%#B4'%08%6"#"%#E'B%*('U% %
O2 (#-*/#*-'C6-$='.U% 78% "% /:"((% E"(% 8'G'-%
/E$:6-'.% #E".% $#(% ($?:$.A(+% $#% 5"B% ?'% "%
/".6$6"#'%80-%'F#'.($0.% %
V2 6"#"C6-$='.U% c% /:"((% G$#E% 5".B% $.(#"./'(%
$(% "% /".6$6"#'% 80-% ?'$.A% (4:$#% $.#0%
(*?/:"(('(% ".6% $#(% $.(#"./'(% 6$(#-$?*#'6%
"50.A%.'G:B%A'.'-"#'6%/:"(('(2% %
,0::0G$.A%#E'%"?0='%5'.#$0.'6%A*$6':$.'(%
G'%E"='%6'=$('6%"%('#%08%-*:'(%#0%"44:B%#0%#E'%
4-'6$/#$0.% 08% #E'% 'F#'.($0.% 08% @L2% HE'% -*:'(%
"$5%"#%8$.6$.A%"%4"-#$#$0.%08%#E'%('#%08%/:"(('(%
#E"#%?'(#%('4"-"#'(%/:"(('(%#E"#%G$::%?'%-'8$.'6%
$.% "% 8*#*-'% ='-($0.% 8-05% #E0('% #E"#% G$::% .0#2%
a'-'+% G'% "((*5'% #E"#% #E'% :"#'(#% 0.#0:0AB%
='-($0.% $(% ?':$'='6% #0% ?'% "(% /0--'/#% ".6%
/054:'#'%"(%40(($?:'%NTQ2%K'%E"='%#E-''%#B4'(%08%
-*:'(+%0.'%(#-*/#*-'C?"('6%".6%#G0%6"#"C?"('62%
HE'% (#-*/#*-'C?"('6% -*:'(% "-'% 6'-$='6% 8-05%
A*$6':$.'%OU% %
I?2#% =<% c% /:"((% G$#E% "#% 50(#% ,`% 8'G'-%
(*?/:"(('(%#E".%$#(%($?:$.A(%$(%"%/".6$6"#'%80-%
-'8$.'5'.#% %
G$#E% ,% #"D$.A% 80*-% '='.:B% (4"/'6% =":*'(%
?'#G''.% VY% ".6% OPP`2% HE'% 6"#"C?"('6% -*:'(%
"-'% 6'-$='6% 8-05% A*$6':$.'% V% ?*#% 6$(#$.A*$(E%
?'#G''.%#E'%('#%08%"::%"..0#"#$0.(%".6%#E'%('#%
08%5".*"::B%/*-"#'6%0.'(U% %
I?2#% B<% c% /:"((% G$#E% "#% :'"(#% ,`% 50-'%
"..0#"#$0.(%#E".%$#(%($?:$.A(%$(%"%/".6$6"#'%80-%
-'8$.'5'.#
%
I?2#%G<%c%/:"((%G$#E%"#%:'"(#%,`%50-'%5".*":%
"..0#"#$0.(%#E".%$#(%($?:$.A(%$(%"%/".6$6"#'%80-%
-'8$.'5'.#% %
G$#E% ,- #"D$.A% 80*-% '='.:B% (4"/'6% =":*'(%
?'#G''.%OPP%".6%VYP`2% %
3$(#$.A*$(E$.A% ?'#G''.% #E'('% #G0% ('#(% 08%
"..0#"#$0.(%$(% ='-B% -':'=".#% $.% #E'% /0.#'F#% 08%
@L+% ($./'% #E'% ('#% 08% 5".*":% "..0#"#$0.(%
/0.#"$.(%0.:B%#E0('%#E"#%E"='%?''.%-'=$'G'6%?B%
"%/*-"#0-%".6%/".%#E'-'80-'%?'%/0.($6'-'6%50-'%
-':$"?:'2% f'='-#E':'((+% 0.:B% "?0*#% W`% 08% "::%
"..0#"#$0.(% "-'% 5".*":% GE$/E% 5'".(% #E'B%
4-0=$6'%"%."--0G'-%/0='-"A'2% %
K'%"44:$'6%#E'('%-*:'(%#0%/:"(('(%"/-0((%#E'%
OV% 0.#0:0AB% ='-($0.(2% H0% "//054:$(E% #E$(+% G'%
/E'/D'6% E0G% G'::% #E'% #G0% ('#(% 08% /:"(('(%
/-'"#'6% ?B% #E'% "44:$/"#$0.% 08% '"/E% -*:'+%
-'Á'/#'6% #E'%('#(% 08% /:"(('(% #E"#% G'-'%-'8$.'6%
".6%.0#%-'8$.'6%$.%"%8*#*-'%='-($0.%"#%S%50.#E(+%
O%".6%V%B'"-(2%H0%'=":*"#'%#E'%4-'6$/#$='%40G'-%
08%#E'%-*:'(+%G'%/054*#'6%#E'%.*5?'-%08%#-*'%
40($#$='(+% #-*'% .'A"#$='(+% 8":('% 40($#$='(% ".6%
8":('% .'A"#$='(+% ".6% *('6% #E'% 80::0G$.A%
$.6$/"#0-(U%
%&./!"!(0-gE%'%'%-h)%% - - &./$11-gE%'%'%-h)0%
%
)%²%2.$"3&.%g%V%[K%%&./!"!(0-[&./$11
%&./!"!(0-h&./$11
H"?:'%O%(E0G(%#E'('%-'(*:#(%80-%-'8$.'5'.#%
$.%S%50.#E(O% 80-%#E'%=":*'(%08%,%#E"#%A'.'-"#'6%
#E'%?'(#%-'(*:#(2% %
c:#E0*AE% #E'('% -'(*:#(% "-'% 0='-"::% 400-+%
#E'-'% $(% "% 5"-D'6% 6$88'-'./'% ?'#G''.% #E'%
4'-80-5"./'%08%(#-*/#*-'%".6%6"#"C?"('6%-*:'(+%
G$#E% 6"#"C?"('6% -*:'(% E"=$.A% "% E$AE'-%
4-'/$($0.% 80-% "::% W% E$'-"-/E$'(% ".6% "% E$AE'-%
-'/"::%$.%50:'/*:"-%8*./#$0.2% %
K'% ":(0% "44:$'6% #E'('% -*:'(% #0% 4-'6$/#$.A%
#E'% -'8$.'5'.#% 80-% 0.#0:0AB% ?-"./E'(% "(% "%
GE0:'+%"(%0440('6%#0%#E'%4-'=$0*(%(#-"#'AB%#E"#%
4-'6$/#'6% -'8$.'5'.#% 80-% $.6$=$6*":% /:"(('(2%
HE$(%80::0G(%8-05%#E'%0?('-="#$0.%#E"#%5".B%08%
#E'% .'G% /:"(('(% $.('-#'6% $.% #E'% ?$0:0A$/":%
4-0/'((%E$'-"-/EB%"-'%$.('-#'6%"(%4"-#%08%(5"::%
(*?A-"4E(% -"#E'-% #E".% ($.A:'% $.('-#$0.(2% K'%
80/*('6% 0.% #E'% (*?A-"4E(% #E"#% "-'% -00#'6% 0.%
/:"(('(%"#%"%6'4#E%08%T%6*'%#0%#E'%8"/#%#E"#%50(#%
'F#'.($0.%'='.#(%0//*-%"#%#E$(%6'4#E%0-%:0G'-2%
a0G'='-+% #E'% -'(*:#(% 0?#"$.'6% G'-'%
/054"-"?:'% #0% #E0('% A'.'-"#'6% ?B% 4-'6$/#$.A%
80-%$.6$=$6*":%/:"(('(2% %
L% %M()8?))(*+% %
HE'%"44:$/"#$0.%08%0*-%8-"5'G0-D%80-%0.#0:0AB%
'F#'.($0.% ".":B($(% #0% @L% E"(% B$':6'6% (05'%
$.#'-'(#$.A%-'(*:#(2%,$-(#:B+%#E'%5"\0-$#B%08%.'G%
/:"(('(%"-'%.0#%"66'6%#0%:'"8%/:"(('(+%-'(*:#$.A%
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
O% %d'(*:#(%80-%O%".6%V%B'"-(%G'-'%($5$:"-b%6"#"%.0#%
(E0G.2%
$.% "% E0-$R0.#":% A-0G#E% 08% #E'% 0.#0:0AB2% HE$(%
5'".(% #E"#% @L% $(% .0#% "66$.A% $./-'"($.A:B%
(4'/$8$/% /:"(('(% ?*#% -"#E'-% 8:'(E$.A% 0*#2%
['/0.6:B+% G'% E"='% $6'.#$8$'6% #E"#% $.% @L%
-'8$.'5'.#% E"44'.(% ?B% #G0% 5"\0-% 506'(U%
$.6$=$6*":%$.('-#$0.(%".6%A-0*4%$.('-#$0.(2%HE'%
8$-(#% 0//*-(% 8-')*'.#:B% $.% "::% @L% E$'-"-/E$'(+%
GE'-'"(% #E'% ('/0.6% $(% 0.:B% /0550.% $.% #E'%
?$0:0A$/":% 4-0/'((% E$'-"-/EB2% HE$(% $(% $.% :$.'%
ZLWKWKHIDFWWKDWPRVWRI*2·VVSHFLDOLQWHUHVW A-0*4(% ?':0.A% #0% #E'% ?$0:0A$/":% 4-0/'((% "-'"%
".6% #E'$-% G0-D% $(% 50-'% 80/*('6% 0.% 506'::$.A%
40-#$0.(%08%#E'$-%"-'"(%08%$.#'-'(#%-"#E'-%#E".%
5"D$.A% $.6$=$6*":% $.('-#$0.(2% K'% "-'% "G"-'%
#E"#% 0*-% *("A'% 08% 4"#EC?"('6% 6'4#E% #0% 6'8$.'%
#E'% (*?CA-"4E(% 08% @L% #E"#% "-'% (*?\'/#% #0%
'F#'.($0.+%/".%(*88'-%8-05%?$"(+%($./'%#'-5(%"#%
#E'%("5'%6'4#E%60%.0#%.'/'(("-$:B%'F4-'((%#E'%
("5'% 6'A-''% 08% (4'/$8$/$#B% NOQ2% a0G'='-+% G'%
E"='%6'/$6'6%#0%*('%4"#EC?"('6%6'4#E+%($./'%G'%
.''6'6% #0% /-'"#'% (*?CA-"4E(% $.6'4'.6'.#:B% 08%
#E'$-% .*5?'-% 08% "..0#"#$0.(+% (0% "(% .0#% #0%
$.#-06*/'%"%?$"(%#0%0*-%"..0#"#$0.%?"('6%-*:'(2% %
-"./.#"01/'2%.0&33'
C>1$! D%$0828,.! C$0&11! ?5;$&2>%$!
A!4%!E!FGH6! B<BFFI!J!B<BKAF! B<KLM!J!B<BNBI! B<AIF!J!B<BMFO!
! I!4%!E!IBBH6! B<IIB!J!B<BANG! B<KAN!J!B<BLKN! B<IGL!J!B<BAIN!
! K!4%!E!IBBH6! B<IMI!J!B<BKBI! B<KNB!J!B<BGBF! B<IOI!J!B<BAFAM!
4&//$/1%'4.56.7&78'
C>1$! D%$0828,.! C$0&11! ?5;$&2>%$!
A!4%!E!FGH6! B<BIFB!J!B<BIIN! B<KNA!J!B<IBL! B<BGBA!J!B<BMBL!
! I!4%!E!IBBH6! B<AAO!J!B<ABO! B<IAI!J!B<IML! B<AMO!J!B<AMN!
! K!4%!E!IBBH6! B<AOO!J!B<AIA! B<KFM!J!B<IGO! B<IGI!J!B<AGL!
9./&0$/1%'!$708".7' '
C>1$! D%$0828,.! C$0&11! ?5;$&2>%$!
A!4%!E!FGH6! B<BAII!J!B<BBKK! B<IIK!J!B<BOBN! B<BIKB!J!B<BBLB!
! I!4%!E!IBBH6! B<ABA!J!B<BKNN! B<MBL!J!B<BKGF! B<AGF!J!B<BMOI!
! K!4%!E!IBBH6! B<AIK!J!B<BGAG! B<GIL!J!B<BGFK! B<AOM!J!B<BLFI!
:1;/&'()!D%$(80*8,.!%$2>1*2!-,%!*+$!%$-8.$;$.*!,-!*+$!P$.$!
Q.*,1,'3!&*!L!;,.*+2<!R+,/.!#&1>$2!&%$!&#$%&'$(!,#$%!&11!
,.*,1,'3!#$%28,.2@!%$2>1*8.'!-%,;!&!*,*&1!,-!AA!%>.2<!
HE$(% -'8$.'5'.#% ?B% ?-"./E'(% $.% #E'%
?$0:0A$/":%4-0/'((%E$'-"-/EB%$(%":(0%/"4#*-'6%?B%
#E'%'.-$/E5'.#%".":B($(+%GE'-'%#E'-'%$(%"%E$AE%
4-040-#$0.% 08% .'G% '.-$/E5'.#% -':"#$0.(% #E"#%
"-'%'(#"?:$(E'6%?'#G''.%.'G%/:"(('(2% %
HE'0-'#$/"::B+% #E'('% #G0% 506'(% 08%
-'8$.'5'.#% (E0*:6% $54"/#% ('5$C"*#05"#'6%
/E".A'% /"4#*-$.A% 5'#E06(+% E'./'% G'% "44:$'6%
#E'% -*:'(% 80-% ?0#E% $.6$=$6*":% ".6% ?-"./E%
'F#'.($0.% 4-'6$/#$0.2% a0G'='-% (*/E% $54"/#%
G"(% .0#% =$($?:'+% :$D':B% 6*'% #0% #E'% 400-%
4'-80-5"./'%0?#"$.'62% %
HE'('% -'(*:#(% '54E"($R'% #E"#% #E'% /*--'.#%
4-040('6% A*$6':$.'(% 80-% /"4#*-$.A% /E".A'%
?"('6% 0.% (#-*/#*-'% ".6% 6"#"% "-'% .0#%
"44-04-$"#'%80-%E".6:$.A%"%:"-A'%".6%/054:'F%
0.#0:0AB% (*/E% "(% #E'% @'.'% L.#0:0AB2% K'% "-'%
"G"-'% #E"#% #E'% A*$6':$.'(% -'4-'('.#% ".% '880-#%
#0%'.(*-'%"%?":"./'6%(#-*/#*-'%80-%#E'%0.#0:0AB+%
".6%#E"#%A$='.%#E'%($R'%".6%'=0:=$.A%."#*-'%08%
#E'%605"$.%@L%/0='-(+%$#(%'F#'.($0.%/"..0#%?'%
JRYHUQHGDORQHE\WKHVHSUHFHSWV,QIDFW*2·V L.#0:0AB%3'=':045'.#%A-0*4V% E"(%E$AE:$AE#'6%
#E'%4-0/'(('(%*('6%$.%#E'%$6'.#$8$/"#$0.%08%"-'"(%
#E"#%.''6%#0%?'%6'=':04'6U% %
ï ?B% G0-D$.A% /:0(':B% G$#E% #E'% -'8'-'./'%
A'.05'% "..0#"#$0.% A-0*4% #0% '.(*-'% #E"#%
"-'"(% #E"#% "-'% D.0G.% #0% *.6'-A0% $.#'.('%
"..0#"#$0.%$.%#E'%.'"-%8*#*-'%"-'%*46"#'6% % ï ?B%:$(#'.$.A%#0%#E'%?$0:0A$/":%/055*.$#B% % ï ?B% '.(*-$.A% #E"#% '5'-A$.A% A'.05'(% E"='%
#E'% .'/'(("-B% /:"(('(% #0% (*440-#% #E'$-%
.''6(% %
,I *2·V FKDQJH PDQDJHPHQW UHJDUGLQJ 'F#'.($0.%G'-'%#0%?'%5"6'%'F4:$/$#+%80-%$.(#"./'%
"(%$(%#E'%/"('%80-%5"D$.A%"%#'-5%0?(0:'#'%GE'-'%
#E'%-'"(0.%$(%A$='.+%G'%/0*:6%4'-80-5% "%50-'%
$.C6'4#E% ".":B($(% ".6% 4'-E"4(% 6'-$='% 50-'%
"//*-"#'%-*:'(2%f'='-#E':'((%G'%E"='%0?#"$.'6%
?'##'-%-'(*:#(%*($.A%#E'%.*5?'-%08%"..0#"#$0.(%
-"#E'-% #E".% #E'% .*5?'-% 08% (*?/:"(('(+% GE$/E%
5"B% ?'% -':"#'6% #0% #E'% 8"/#% #E"#% @L%
6'=':045'.#% $(% 6-$='.% ?B% .''6+% GE$/E% /".% ?'%
"44-0F$5"#'6%?B%#E'%-"#'%08%"..0#"#$0.+%-"#E'-%
#E".% ?B% "% 4-0/'((% 08% E050A'.'$R"#$0.% 08%
(#-*/#*-'2% 7.% 8"/#+% #E$(% 6$88'-'./'% G"(% #0% ?'%
H[SHFWHGFRQVLGHULQJWKDWLQ*2·VGRPDLQWKH :'=':%08%(4'/$8$/$#B%08%'"/E%?-"./E%$(%6'4'.6'.#%
0.% ."#*-":% ".6% (/$'.#$8$/% 4E'.0.5'."+% GE$/E%
4-'='.#(% #E'% 'F$(#'./'% 08% "% E050A'.0*(%
(#-*/#*-'%#0%#E'%0.#0:0AB2%[*/E%(#-*/#*-'C?"('6%
A*$6':$.'(% "-'% E0G'='-% 'F4'/#'6% #0% 8*./#$0.%
?'##'-% $.% 0.#0:0A$'(% #E"#% 80::0G% "% 50-'%
/0./'4#*":%"44-0"/E2% %
7.% #-B$.A% #0% 4-'6$/#% 0.#0:0AB% 'F#'.($0.+%
4"-#$/*:"-:B% $.% #E'% /"('% 08% :"-A'% ?$05'6$/":%
0.#0:0A$'(+% G'% "-'% 8"/$.A% "% 5*:#$#*6'% 08%
="-$"?:'(+% .0#% 0.:B% #E'% "6="./'5'.#% 08% ?$0C%
5'6$/":%D.0G:'6A'%".6%#E'%/*--'.#%(#"#'%08%#E'%
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
V% %E##4UiiG$D$2A'.'0.#0:0AB20-Ai$.6'F24E4iL.#0:0ABe%
3'=':045'.#eA-0*4e(*55"-B%
0.#0:0AB% $#(':8% ?*#% ":(0% (0/$":% ".6% #'/E.$/":%
"(4'/#(2%HE'%'F#'.($0.%08%?$05'6$/":%0.#0:0A$'(%
0//*-(% =$"% ('='-":% 6$88'-'.#% 4-0/'(('(+% ".6%
50#$="#'6% ?B% 6$(#$./#% .''6(+% GE$/E% /"..0#% ?'%
DSSUHKHQGHG E\ D ·RQH VL]H8$WV DOO· UXOH :H
?':$'='%#E"#%#0%E".6:'%#E$(%/054:'F$#B+%G'%.''6%
#0% '54:0B% 50-'% (04E$(#$/"#'6% #'/E.$)*'(%#E"#%
"-'% "?:'% #0% E".6:'% .*5'-0*(% ="-$"?:'(% ".6%
50-'%/054:'F%-':"#$0.(%?'#G''.%#E'52% %
HE'-'80-'% G'% "-'% /*--'.#:B% G0-D$.A% 0.% "%
(*4'-=$('6% :'"-.$.A% 5'#E060:0AB% #0% (*440-#%
#E'% 4-'6$/#$0.% 08% 0.#0:0AB% 'F#'.($0.% #E"#%
'F4:$/$#:B%"66-'(('(%#E'('%$((*'(2% %
K'% ?':$'='% #E"#% #E'% 8*#*-'% 08% 0.#0:0AB%
6'=':045'.#% G$::% .'/'(("-$:B% $./0-40-"#'% #E'%
"*#05"#$0.% 08% (05'% 08% $#(% 4-0/'(('(+% 5"$.:B%
#E0('% #E"#% "-'% #'6$0*(% ".6% #$5'C/0.(*5$.A+%
-':'"($.A% 0.#0:0AB% 'F4'-#(% #0% 80/*(% 0.% /0-'%
506'::$.A% $((*'(2% K'% E"='% 0*#:$.'6% 0.'% 08%
#E'('% 4-0/'(('(+% ('5$C"*#05"#'6% /E".A'%
/"4#*-$.A%=$"%4-'6$/#$0.%08%0.#0:0AB%'F#'.($0.%
".6% 4-'('.#'6% (05'% 08% #E'% $((*'(% ".6%
/E"::'.A'(%$.%#E$(%?*66$.A%8$':62% % 68E+*;2#.,#D#+/)% %
HE$(%G0-D%G"(%(*440-#'6%?B%,!H+%#E-0*AE%#E'%
1*:#$"..*":% ,*.6$.A% &-0A-"55'% ".6% #E'%
&E3%A-".#%[,daiM3iTVTXOiVPP^2%HE'%"*#E0-(%
":(0%G$(E%#0%#E".D%#E'%Z*-04'".%!055$(($0.%
80-% #E'% 8$."./$":% (*440-#% 08% #E'% Z&7KLdj%
4-0\'/#% *.6'-% #E'% ['='.#E% ,-"5'G0-D%
&-0A-"55'%I@-".#%kVWOXP^J2% % I#1#$#+8#)% %
O2% % @2%c:#'-0=$#R+%12%l$".A+%32%&2%a$::+%m2%>05"F+%m2%
>$*+% 12% !E'-D"((DB+% m2% 3-'B8*((+% !2% 1*.A"::+%
12%c2%a"--$(+%12%Z2%30:".+%m2%c2%M:"D'+%".6%12%
,2% d"50.$2% L.#0:0AB% '.A$.''-$.A2% 4$'3&.- 5!('./60(1(78+%VXIVJUVPPX²VPOO+%VPOP2% %
V2% % [2%!"(#".0+%c2%,'--"-"+%".6%@2%a'((2%3$(/0='-BC%
6-$='.% 0.#0:0AB% '=0:*#$0.2%96.- :.2$0'!/- ;.5-
<%%1!/$'!(0"+%VPPS2% %
W2% % K2%!'*(#'-(2%c44:B$.A%'=0:*#$0."-B%#'-5$.0:0AB%
"*6$#$.A% #0% #E'% @'.'% L.#0:0AB2% =(3&0$1- ()- 5!(2.>!/$1-!0)(&2$'!/"+%TVIWJUYOX²V_+%VPP_2% % T2% % K2% !'*(#'-(% ".6% M2% [5$#E2% c% -'":$(5C?"('6%
"44-0"/E%#0%#E'%'=0:*#$0.%08%?$05'6$/":%0.#0:0A$'(2%
<?@<- <003$1- :82%("!32- A&(/..>!07"+%
ITJUOVO²Y+%m".2%VPPS2% %
Y2% % &2% !$5$".0% ".6% m2% no:D'-2% c% 8-"5'G0-D% 80-%
0.#0:0AB% :'"-.$.A% ".6% 6"#"C6-$='.% /E".A'%
6$(/0='-B2%A&(/+-()-'6.-4BCDEFFG+%VPPY2% % S2% % @2%,:0*-$(+%32% 1"."D"."#"(+%a2%j0.6B:"D$(+%32%
&:'F0*("D$(+%".6%@2%c.#0.$0*2%L.#0:0AB%/E".A'U%
/:"(($8$/"#$0.% ".6% (*-='B2% HE'% j.0G:'6A'%
Z.A$.''-$.A%d'=$'G+%VWIPVJUOO^²OYV+%VPPX2%
^2% % m2CM2%>''+% m2Cm2%j$5+% ".6%m2% !2%&"-D2%c*#05"#$/%
H[WHQVLRQ RI *HQH 2QWRORJ\ ZLWK ÁH[LEOH
$6'.#$8$/"#$0.%08%/".6$6"#'%#'-5(2%D!(!0)(&2$'!/"+%
VVISJUSSY²^P+%VPPS2% %
X2% % &2%32%>''.E''-%".6%H2%1'.(2%L.#0:0AB%'=0:*#$0.U%
[#"#'%08%#E'%c-#%".6%,*#*-'%3$-'/#$0.(2%H0'(1(78-
?$0$7.2.0'+%VIOJUO²T^+%VPPX2% %
_2% % n2% f0=9/'D+% >2% >"'-"+% [2% a".6(/E*E+% ".6% M2%
3"=$(2% 7.8-"(#-*/#*-'% 80-% 6B."5$/% D.0G:'6A'%
$.#'A-"#$0.C% "*#05"#'6% ?$05'6$/":% 0.#0:0AB%
'F#'.($0.% *($.A% #'F#*":% -'(0*-/'(2%=(3&0$1- ()- 5!(2.>!/$1-!0)(&2$'!/"+%TOIYJUXOS²VX+%L/#2%VPPX2% % OP2% f2% ,2% f0B% ".6% 32% >2% 1/A*$..'((2% L.#0:0AB%
3'=':045'.#% OPO% U% c% @*$6'% #0% !-'"#$.A% p0*-%
,$-(#%L.#0:0AB2%C.*.1(%2.0'+%4"A'(%O²VY+%VPPP2% % OO2% %,2% [$:="+% 12% [$:="+% ".6% ,2% !0*#02% Z4$6'5$/%
1"-D'#4:"/'U%".%'C[/$'./'%&:"#80-5%80-%Z4$6'5$/%
106'::$.A%".6%c.":B($(2%IJK@?-4.L"+%VPOP2% % OV2% >2% [#0\".0=$/+% c2% 1"'6/E'+% M2% 10#$D+% ".6% f2%
[#0\".0=$/2% <('-C6-$='.% L.#0:0AB% Z=0:*#$0.%
1"."A'5'.#2% A&(/..>!07"- ()- '6.- MN'6-
@0'.&0$'!(0$1- K(0).&.0/.- (0- O0(L1.>7.- I07!0..&!07- $0>- O0(L1.>7.- ?$0$7.2.0'- PIO<;QFERS-B./'3&.-4('."-!0-K(2%3'.&-:/!.0/.- PB4K:RS- T(132.- EUVNS- :%&!07.&QT.&1$7+%
44UVXY²WPP+%VPPV2% %
OW2% %>2%[#0\".0=$/%".6%M2%10#$D2%L.#0:0AB%Z=0:*#$0.%
K$#E$.% L.#0:0AB% Z6$#0-(2%A&(/..>!07"- ()- '6.- H0'(;.5Q:@WN-;(&X"6(%+%44UYW²SV+%VPPV2% % OT2%H2%Kq/E#'-%".6%12%[/E-0'6'-2%['5$C"*#05"#'6%
0.#0:0AB% A'.'-"#$0.% G$#E$.% LMLCZ6$#2%
D!(!0)(&2$'!/"+%VSIOVJU$XX²_S+%m*.'%VPOP2% %
%